Large lignite gasifier with high productivity and convenience in operation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a large lignite gasifier with high productivity and convenience in operation. The large lignite gasifier comprises a gasifier main body and a deslagging device arranged below the gasifier main body, the gasification furnace body comprises a furnace shell, a furnace pipe, a water jacket, a conical combustion chamber located on the lower portion of the furnace pipe, a coal gas outlet pipe located on the upper portion of the furnace pipe, an observation opening formed in the furnace shell and extending to the furnace pipe, a coal feeding opening formed in the top face of the furnace pipe, an annular air supply chamber located on the lower portion of the furnace shell, a first draught fan and an air supply pipe communicating the annular air supply chamber with the combustion chamber. More than two groups of observation ports with openable door plates are arranged at intervals along the height of the furnace pipe, and 3-4 observation ports are arranged at intervals around the furnace shell in each group; an enhanced blast pipe is arranged at the bottom of the conical combustion chamber and is externally connected with a second fan; the deslagging device comprises a box body, a fixed plate and a rotating plate, wherein the fixed plate and the rotating plate are arranged at the top of the box body; and a slope plate is arranged in the box body. According to the utility model, the gas output can be increased, the quality and efficiency of the produced gas can be ensured, the operation is easy, and the labor is saved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to lignite gasification furnace technical field, concretely relates to a large -scale lignite gasification furnace of big capacity and convenient operation. BACKGROUND

[0002] China's lignite resources are rich, and the lignite gasification furnace is still the supporting equipment of the heating system of many enterprises at present, and the coal gas produced by the lignite gasification furnace is used as the fuel of the heating equipment such as hot water system, heating system, kitchen stove and the like. The present application inventors have developed various lignite gasification furnaces and related equipment suitable for different scenes for a long time, such as various lignite gasification furnaces disclosed in CN203866257U, CN203866262U, CN203866264U, CN201459079U and the like. These lignite gasification furnaces have respective advantages, but for enterprises with extremely large coal gas demand, the single furnace production capacity is insufficient, and the output gas quantity cannot meet the demand. If the furnace body size is simply increased, and the coal capacity of the furnace is increased, the furnace loading will be not real (the furnace charge is empty), the quality and efficiency of the output coal gas are affected, and the workers are not convenient to operate, and the work is laborious. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model discloses a kind of large-scale lignite gasification furnaces, which can increase single furnace coal gas output, ensure the quality and efficiency of output coal gas, be easy to operate, save labor and time, and solve the problems of the prior art.

[0004] The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows.

[0005] A large-scale lignite gasification furnace with large capacity and convenient operation, comprising a gasification furnace body and a slag discharge device arranged below the gasification furnace body; the gasification furnace body comprises a furnace shell with a furnace leg, a furnace canister in the furnace shell, a conical combustion chamber at the lower part of the furnace canister, a coal gas outlet pipe at the upper part of the furnace canister, an observation port arranged on the furnace shell and extending to the furnace canister, a coal charging port with a closing cover arranged on the top surface of the furnace canister, an annular air supply chamber arranged around the conical combustion chamber and located in the furnace shell, a first air blower for supplying air to the annular air supply chamber, air supply pipes arranged in a radial pattern and connecting the annular air supply chamber and the combustion chamber, and a water jacket between the furnace shell and the furnace canister and the conical combustion chamber; the observation port arranged on the furnace shell is provided with an openable door panel, and there are two or more groups of observation ports arranged at intervals along the height of the furnace canister, with three to four observation ports arranged at intervals around the furnace shell in each group; an enhanced air supply pipe is arranged at the bottom of the conical combustion chamber, and the enhanced air supply pipe is connected to a second air blower; the slag discharge device comprises a box body, a fixed plate arranged on the top of the box body, and a rotating plate; the fixed plate is welded to one side of the box body; the inner side of the rotating plate is connected to the fixed plate through a hinge shaft, and the outer side is placed on a horizontal movable insertion rod mounted on the side wall of the box body; an inclined plate is arranged in the box body.

[0006] Further, the observation port is a rectangular observation port.

[0007] Further, a slope support is arranged on the back of the slope plate.

[0008] Further, the furnace bridge at the bottom of the conical combustion chamber is a reversible furnace bridge.

[0009] Further, the inner diameter of the furnace is 1700-2500mm, and the height H of the furnace is 4000-5000mm.

[0010] When the lignite gasification furnace is produced, a certain height of lignite is first filled into the hearth bottom of the furnace, the fuel in the combustion chamber is ignited, the lignite at the bottom of the hearth is ignited first, at this time, sufficient air volume is needed to promote the full combustion of the bottom lignite, when the combustion fire is strong enough, lignite is gradually filled into the hearth and the air supply is increased, after filling a certain height, the air supply is stopped, lignite is continuously filled until the hearth is filled, then the air supply is continued, and coal gas is produced under airtight condition. When filling lignite, it is necessary to fill as much as possible to avoid arching and the gap should be as small as possible, so as to ensure the quality of the produced coal gas. The utility model is provided with a plurality of observation ports with openable door plates arranged around the height of the furnace, and a plurality of observation ports are arranged on each layer, when filling lignite, the lignite can be fully observed from the observation ports in all directions and at different heights, if there is arching, the door plate can be opened, the furnace hook is inserted and operated, the arching furnace charge is pulled down, the furnace charge is tamped, and the quality of the produced coal gas is ensured. The conical combustion chamber is provided with a reinforced air supply pipe, which can increase the air supply and meet the air supply demand of lignite in the large-capacity furnace. The slope surface slag discharge device can automatically send the generated slag into the slag receiving device, which eliminates the time-consuming and laborious manual slag shoveling work.

[0011] The utility model can increase the single-furnace coal gas output, ensure the quality and efficiency of the produced coal gas, is easy to operate, saves labor and has broad market prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 A-A sectional view of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a K view of the observation port;

[0015] Figure 4 It is Figure 1 B-B sectional view of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The content of the utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings of the specification.

[0017] A large-scale lignite gasification furnace system with large capacity and convenient operation, such as Figure 1 As shown, it comprises a gasification furnace body and a slag discharging device arranged below the gasification furnace body. The gasification furnace body comprises a furnace shell 1 with a furnace leg 1a, a furnace body 2 in the furnace shell, a conical combustion chamber 4 at the lower part of the furnace body, a coal gas outlet pipe 5 extending outwardly at the upper part of the furnace body, an observation port 6 arranged on the furnace shell and extending to the furnace body, a coal charging port 7 with a closing cover 7a arranged on the top surface of the furnace body and extending to the outside of the furnace shell, an annular air supply chamber 8 arranged around the conical combustion chamber and located in the furnace shell, a first air blower 9 for supplying air to the annular air supply chamber, a set of air supply pipes 10 (see Figure 4 ) in a radial layout and communicating with the annular air supply chamber and the combustion chamber, and a water jacket 3 between the furnace shell and the furnace body and the conical combustion chamber. The furnace bridge 4a at the bottom of the conical combustion chamber 4 is a reversible furnace bridge, a horizontal rotating rod 4b is welded in the middle of the furnace bridge, the outer ends of the rotating rod extend to the outside of the furnace shell, one end is movably mounted in the mounting seat 4e with a seat hole, the other end is connected with an end face rotating wheel 4c, the outer end of the rotating rod is provided with a thread and is connected with a nut seat 4d welded on the furnace shell, and the rotating wheel is rotated to drive the furnace bridge to rotate. A coal gas observation port 13 extending to the outside of the furnace shell is arranged on the top surface of the furnace body. A circulating water inlet 14a, a circulating water outlet 14b and a steam outlet 15 are arranged on the furnace shell, which are conventional arrangements of the prior art. The inner diameter of the furnace body 2 is 1700-2500mm, and the height H of the furnace body is 4000-5000mm.

[0018] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the observation port 6 arranged on the furnace shell is provided with an openable door plate 6a, and two or more groups of observation ports extending from the furnace shell to the furnace body are arranged at intervals along the height of the furnace body, and each group of observation ports is arranged at intervals around the furnace shell and comprises 3-4 observation ports. This embodiment is provided with three groups of observation ports at different heights, and each group of observation ports is arranged at intervals around the furnace shell and comprises three observation ports. Figure 3 As shown in ,

[0019] As shown in Figure 1 , an enhanced air supply pipe 11 is arranged at the bottom of the conical combustion chamber, and the enhanced air supply pipe is connected with a second air blower 12.

[0020] As shown in Figure 1As shown, the slag discharging device comprises a box body 16, a fixed plate 17 and a rotating plate 18 arranged on the top of the box body. The fixed plate is welded on one side of the box body. The inner side of the rotating plate is connected with the fixed plate through a hinge shaft 19, and the outer side is placed on a transverse movable insertion rod 20 installed on the side wall of the box body. A slope plate 21 is arranged in the box body, and the back of the slope plate is provided with a slope support 22 to enhance the strength of the slope plate. When the transverse movable insertion rod 20 is pulled out, the rotating plate automatically rotates and falls on the slope plate 21 under the action of gravity. A pull ring 18a is arranged on the outer side of the top surface of the slope plate, and the rotating plate can be pulled up by using a pull hook to hook the pull ring, the insertion rod is inserted, and the rotating plate is reset. A slag observation hole 23 is arranged on the upper part of the side wall of the box body, and a slag outlet 24 is arranged on the bottom.

[0021] The working mode of the utility model is as follows:

[0022] First, add firewood to the combustion chamber, then add lignite lumps (approximately 10cm in diameter) to a height of about 20cm, pressing them down on the firewood. Both the firewood and lignite are added through the coal feeding port at the top of the furnace. Turn on the circulating water pump; cooling water enters the water jacket 3 from the circulating water inlet 14a, filling the water jacket to the height of the circulating water outlet 14b before flowing out. The circulating water circulates continuously, cooling the furnace chamber. Light the firewood and start the first blower 9 to blast the combustion. When the lignite reaches a relatively good state of combustion, use the furnace hook to secure the lignite lumps, increase the blast volume, add another 20cm of lignite lumps, and continue blasting for about 20 minutes. When the lignite reaches its peak combustion, stop the first blower. Then continue adding lignite blocks into the furnace. When adding coal, try to compact the lignite blocks as much as possible to prevent gaps and minimize voids. After adding a certain thickness of lignite blocks, check through the three observation holes 6 at the corresponding height to see if there are excessively large gaps. If there are no excessively large gaps, close the three observation holes for that layer and then add the next layer of lignite blocks, checking in turn until the furnace is completely filled. Then close all observation holes and the coal feeding port. Next, start the first blower 9 and the second blower 12. Observe the shape and color of the gas produced in the furnace through the gas observation port 13. The shape of the gas produced resembles an atomic bomb explosion, expanding rapidly, and the color is white. After observing the gas production, open the valve on the gas outlet pipeline to output the gas. When the lignite is completely burned, stop all blowers, and continue circulating cooling water for about half an hour. After cooling and extinguishing the fire, open the coal feeding port and all observation holes. Rotate the impeller 4c to rotate the furnace bridge and pour out the remaining slag. Then, pull out the horizontal movable insert rod 20, and the rotating plate 18 rotates downwards, causing the filter slag to automatically fall into the slag discharge device. The amount of accumulated slag can be observed through the slag observation port 23. When the slag accumulation is large and needs cleaning, place the slag transport vehicle below the slag discharge port 24, open the slag discharge port door, and the slag will automatically fall onto the slag transport vehicle, eliminating the need for manual slag cleaning and saving time and effort. Afterwards, manually hook the pull ring 18a with a hook to pull the rotating plate upwards, insert the insert rod, and complete the rotating plate reset. Reverse the rotating wheel 4c to reset the furnace bridge, and the furnace is ready for the next batch of production.

[0023] Experiments have verified that this invention offers outstanding technical benefits. With a single loading of 10 tons of lignite, the lignite gasification rate can reach over 85%, the combustion efficiency of the produced gas exceeds 85%, the combustion flame is strong with a height of up to 600 mm, and the sustained flame temperature is 1100–1400℃. A single coal loading can guarantee continuous gas supply for over 12 hours. This invention utilizes a fully enclosed lignite gasification system, reducing smoke and dust emissions by 95%. This invention also features a reliable structure and is convenient to use and maintain.

Claims

1. A large-scale lignite gasification furnace with high capacity and convenient operation, characterized in that, The gasifier includes a gasifier body and a slag discharge device located below the gasifier body. The gasifier body includes a furnace shell (1) with furnace feet, a furnace chamber (2) located inside the furnace shell, a conical combustion chamber (4) located at the bottom of the furnace chamber, a gas outlet pipe (5) located at the top of the furnace chamber, an observation port (6) located on the furnace shell and extending to the furnace chamber, a coal feeding port (7) with a closed cover located on the top surface of the furnace chamber, an annular air supply chamber (8) arranged around the conical combustion chamber and located inside the furnace shell, a first blower (9) supplying air to the annular air supply chamber, an air supply pipe (10) arranged radially to connect the annular air supply chamber and the combustion chamber, and a water supply pipe located between the furnace shell, the furnace chamber, and the conical combustion chamber. Set (3), the observation port (6) set on the furnace shell has an openable door panel, and two or more sets of observation ports are set at intervals along the height of the furnace shell, with 3-4 observation ports set around the furnace shell at intervals in each set; an enhanced air supply pipe (11) is set at the bottom of the conical combustion chamber, and a second fan (12) is connected to the outside of the enhanced air supply pipe; the slag discharge device includes a box body (16), a fixed plate (17) set on the top of the box body and a rotating plate (18); the fixed plate is welded to one side of the box body; the inner side of the rotating plate is connected to the fixed plate through a hinge (19), and the outer side rests on a transverse movable insert (20) installed on the side wall of the box body; a ramp plate (21) is set inside the box body.

2. The large-scale lignite gasification furnace with high capacity and convenient operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The observation port (6) is a rectangular observation port.

3. A large-scale lignite gasification furnace with high capacity and convenient operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A diagonal brace (22) is provided on the back of the slope plate.

4. A large-scale lignite gasification furnace with high capacity and convenient operation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace bridge at the bottom of the conical combustion chamber (4) is a reversible furnace bridge.

5. A large-scale lignite gasification furnace with high capacity and convenient operation according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the furnace liner (2) is 1700-2500 mm, and the height H of the furnace liner is 4000-5000 mm.

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