Crushing device for top coal caving hydraulic support

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine mechanical equipment, in particular to a crushing device for a top coal caving hydraulic support, which comprises a first crushing mechanism arranged on a tail beam. The first crushing mechanism comprises crushing drilling tools which are perpendicular to the upper end face of the tail beam and evenly distributed on the tail beam in an array mode, drilling tool penetrating holes allowing the crushing drilling tools to linearly move in the direction perpendicular to the tail beam are formed in the tail beam, and the crushing drilling tools can penetrate through the drilling tool penetrating holes protruding out of the upper surface of the tail beam. The multi-point top coal crushing device has the beneficial effects that the first crushing mechanism can form a multi-point and uniform crushing effect on top coal by virtue of array layout, so that the crushing efficiency is remarkably improved, and the coverage range is remarkably expanded; according to the structure that the crushing drilling tool protrudes out of the upper surface of the tail beam, large coal bodies can be actively pre-crushed and jacked in the top coal caving process, coal blocks are effectively prevented from blocking a coal caving channel, continuous and efficient operation of the top coal caving hydraulic support is guaranteed, and safety and economical efficiency of coal mining are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to coal mine mechanical equipment technical field especially relates to a crushing device for top coal caving hydraulic support. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hydraulic support is divided into once full height support, top coal caving support, net laying support and filling support according to the coal mining method, and the top coal caving hydraulic support is used to match the scraper conveyor at both ends of the top coal caving working face to form the "three machines" of the coal mining working face.

[0003] In the prior art, the top coal caving hydraulic support usually comprises a top beam, a stand, a base, a shield beam, a four-bar linkage mechanism and a coal releasing mechanism composed of a tail beam and a plug plate, but in the coal mining process, single coal seams with large volume are inevitably encountered, and the top coal can be released from the coal releasing port only when the top coal on the upper, middle or tail part of the support top beam is completely changed into loose and broken coal blocks, and the conventional top coal caving hydraulic support cannot actively and effectively crush the top coal and increase the top coal releasing rate, thereby affecting the coal mining efficiency, and the large volume of top coal is also easy to block the coal releasing port on the tail beam.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a crushing device for top coal caving hydraulic support that can prevent large volume of top coal from blocking the coal releasing port. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0005] (I) Technical problem to be solved

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a crushing device for top coal caving hydraulic support, which solves the technical problem that the existing top coal caving hydraulic support cannot actively crush the large volume of coal blocks in the top coal.

[0007] (II) Technical scheme

[0008] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model adopts the main technical scheme comprising:

[0009] The utility model discloses a crushing device for top coal caving hydraulic support, which comprises a first crushing mechanism arranged on the tail beam, the first crushing mechanism comprises a crushing drill tool vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the tail beam and evenly distributed in an array on the tail beam, the tail beam is provided with a drill tool through hole for the linear movement of the crushing drill tool in the direction perpendicular to the tail beam, and the crushing drill tool can pass through the drill tool through hole protruding from the upper surface of the tail beam.

[0010] Optionally, the tail beam is internally provided with a movable space, and a moving plate is slidably arranged in the movable space, and the moving plate can block / expose the drill string perforation by moving.

[0011] Optionally, the moving plate is in multiple pieces, and each moving plate corresponds to each row or each column of the array of drill string perforations.

[0012] Optionally, the drill string perforation is provided with an upwardly inclined sliding track on one side, one end of the sliding track is flush with the top wall of the movable space, and the other end extends to the top opening of the drill string perforation; a reset spring is vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the moving plate, a limiting piece 132 is arranged at the end of the reset spring away from the moving plate, and an insertion block is arranged at the end of the limiting piece 132 away from the reset spring; the insertion block can move with the moving plate to slide along the sliding track from the bottom end of the sliding track to the top of the drill string perforation until flush with the upper end surface of the tail beam, and the insertion block can also move with the moving plate to slide along the inclined side of the sliding track from the top end of the sliding track to the bottom end of the sliding track.

[0013] Optionally, the lower end surface of the tail beam is provided with a push plate parallel to the tail beam, a motor for driving the broken drill string to rotate is fixedly arranged on the side of the push plate close to the tail beam and perpendicular to the tail beam, and an oil cylinder for pushing the push plate to move close to the tail beam is arranged on the side of the push plate away from the tail beam.

[0014] Optionally, the lower end surface of the tail beam is provided with four guide columns at the corners and perpendicular to the tail beam, the push plate is provided with guide holes for the guide columns to pass through, the four guide columns are fixedly provided with a fixed frame at the end away from the tail beam, and the oil cylinder is fixed to the side of the fixed frame close to the push plate.

[0015] Optionally, the breaking device for the hydraulic support for caving coal further comprises a second breaking mechanism arranged on the upper end surface of the top beam; the second breaking mechanism comprises a plurality of rectangular breaking units uniformly distributed along the length direction of the top beam, each rectangular breaking unit comprises at least one first prism extending along the length direction of the top beam and at least one second prism extending along the width direction of the top beam and spaced apart along the length direction of the top beam, at least one edge of the first prism and the second prism is vertically upward and protrudes from the upper surface of the top beam, and the at least one first prism and the at least one second prism are arranged in a rectangular shape.

[0016] Optionally, the first prism and the second prism are right triangular prisms, and the first prism and the second prism are detachably connected to the upper end of the top beam; the upper end surface of the top beam is vertically provided with a plurality of groups of magnetic fixing columns, three rectangular sides of the first prism and the second prism are vertically provided with insertion holes for magnetic insertion of the magnetic fixing columns; the first prism and the second prism are uniformly provided with breaking teeth along the length direction of the three edges thereof, and the upper end surface of the top beam is provided with clamping grooves on both sides of each group of magnetic fixing columns for the breaking teeth to be embedded.

[0017] Optionally, the top beam upper end face is provided with a plurality of angle adjusting assemblies for driving each of the first and second prisms to rotate about the self extension direction as the axis, each of the angle adjusting assemblies drives the first and second prisms to rotate by an angle of 120 degrees, and the angle adjusting assemblies and the adjacent two groups of magnetic fixing columns are located on the same axis.

[0018] Optionally, the top beam is internally provided with a sliding cavity, the top beam is movably provided with a sliding plate in the sliding cavity along the vertical direction, the magnetic fixing column is fixed to the upper end face of the sliding plate, and the upper end face of the top beam is provided with a hole for the magnetic fixing column to insert and pass through to the upper end face of the top beam; the angle adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting table and an adjusting gear, the adjusting table is vertically slidably arranged in the top beam, the top of the adjusting table passes through to the upper end face of the top beam, the top of the adjusting table is provided with an arc-shaped slot, the adjusting gear is rotatably connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped slot, the middle part of each of the first and second prisms is provided with an annular slot to form an adjusting shaft, the adjusting shaft is inserted into the arc-shaped slot and lifts the first and second prisms off the upper surface of the top beam along with the vertical upward movement of the adjusting table to form a rotating space for the first and second prisms, and the peripheral end of the adjusting shaft is coaxially provided with a gear ring engaged with the adjusting gear, and the first and second prisms can be driven to rotate along with the rotation of the gear ring.

[0019] (Three) beneficial effects

[0020] The utility model discloses a crushing device for top coal caving hydraulic support, including the first crushing mechanism of setting up on the tail beam, the first crushing mechanism includes the crushing drill of being arrayed and evenly distributing on the tail beam perpendicularly the upper end face, and the tail beam is provided with the drill hole for the straight line movement of crushing drill along the direction perpendicular to the tail beam, and crushing drill can pass to the drill hole that protrudes on the upper surface of tail beam. Relative to the prior art, the first crushing mechanism can form the crushing effect of multiple points and uniformity to the top coal by the arrayed layout, and the crushing efficiency and coverage are significantly improved, the straight line movable drill hole design makes crushing drill can flexibly adjust the length of extension according to the hardness and size of top coal, and the adaptability of the device to different working conditions is enhanced, the structure that crushing drill protrudes the upper surface of tail beam can actively pre-crush and lift the large coal body in the process of top coal caving, effectively avoid the coal block to block the coal channel, guarantee the continuous and efficient operation of top coal caving hydraulic support, and the safety and economy of coal mining are greatly improved. ACCURACY

[0021] Figure 1 It is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of embodiment 1 of the crushing device for top coal caving hydraulic support of the utility model,

[0022] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 It is the sectional view of the tail beam in the crushing device for top coal caving hydraulic support shown,

[0023] Figure 3 It is the sectional view of the top beam of the embodiment 2 of the crushing device for the top coal hydraulic support of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 The local schematic view of the crushing device for the top coal hydraulic support is shown.

[0025] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The enlarged view of A in the crushing device for the top coal hydraulic support is shown.

[0026] [Legend of the drawing]

[0027] 1: tail beam; 11: drill tool perforation; 12: moving space; 13: moving plate; 131: reset spring; 132: limiting sheet; 133: plug block; 14: sliding rail;

[0028] 2: first crushing mechanism; 21: crushing drill tool; 22: pushing plate; 221: guide hole; 23: motor; 24: oil cylinder; 25: guide column; 26: fixing frame;

[0029] 3: top beam; 31: magnetic fixing column; 32: clamping groove; 33: sliding cavity; 34: sliding plate; 35: opening; 36: angle adjusting assembly; 361: adjusting table; 362: adjusting gear; 363: arc-shaped groove;

[0030] 4: second crushing mechanism; 41: rectangular crushing unit; 411: first prism; 4111: insertion hole; 4112: crushing tooth; 4113: annular groove; 4114: adjusting shaft; 4115: gear ring; 412: second prism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to better explain the utility model, so as to facilitate understanding, the following will be combined with the drawings, through specific embodiments, the utility model is described in detail.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the embodiment proposes a crushing device for the top coal hydraulic support, for preventing the single large volume top coal in the coal mining face from blocking the coal outlet. Specifically, the crushing device for the top coal hydraulic support in the embodiment includes the first crushing mechanism 2 arranged on the tail beam 1, which is specifically described as follows.

[0034] In the embodiment, the first crushing mechanism 2 includes crushing drills 21 evenly distributed in an array on the upper end surface of the vertical tail beam 1, and the tail beam 1 is provided with drill through holes 11 for the linear movement of the crushing drills 21 in a direction perpendicular to the tail beam 1. The crushing drills 21 can pass through the drill through holes 11 protruding from the upper surface of the tail beam 1. The crushing drills 21 can crush and lift the single large volume of top coal moving towards the coal discharge opening, prevent the coal discharge opening from being blocked, and the crushing drills 21 are evenly distributed on the surface of the tail beam 1, which facilitates uniform crushing of the top coal.

[0035] In summary, compared with the prior art, the first crushing mechanism 2 can form a multi-point and uniform crushing effect on the top coal by means of an arrayed layout, significantly improving the crushing efficiency and coverage. The linearly movable drill through holes 11 design enables the crushing drills 21 to flexibly adjust the protruding length according to the hardness and size of the top coal, enhancing the adaptability of the device to different working conditions. The structure of the crushing drills 21 protruding from the upper surface of the tail beam 1 can actively pre-crush and lift the large coal body during the top coal caving process, effectively preventing the coal from blocking the coal discharge channel, ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the top coal caving hydraulic support, and greatly improving the safety and economy of coal mining.

[0036] Further, the tail beam 1 is internally provided with a moving space 12, and a moving plate 13 is slidably arranged in the moving space 12. The moving plate 13 can block / expose the drill through holes 11 by moving itself. In the moving space 12 of the tail beam 1, the moving plate 13 has holes corresponding to the positions of the crushing drills 21, so that the crushing drills 21 can protrude from the moving plate 13 to the drill through holes 11. However, as the moving plate 13 moves, the moving plate 13 can completely block the drill through holes 11 to prevent the top coal from falling from the drill through holes 11 when the crushing drills 21 are retracted.

[0037] Further, the moving plate 13 is in multiple pieces, and each moving plate 13 corresponds to each row or column of the array of drill through holes 11. The moving plate 13 has multiple pieces in the moving space 12, and each moving plate 13 corresponds to each row or column of the array of drill through holes 11. Therefore, there is a gap between adjacent moving plates 13.

[0038] Further, the drill tool through hole 11 is provided with an upwardly inclined sliding track 14 on one side, one end of the sliding track 14 is flush with the top wall of the movable space 12, and the other end extends to the top opening of the drill tool through hole 11. A reset spring is vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the moving plate 13, one end of the reset spring away from the moving plate 13 is provided with a limiting piece 132, and the other end of the limiting piece 132 away from the reset spring is provided with an insertion block 133. The insertion block 133 can move with the moving plate 13 to slide along the sliding track 14 from the bottom end of the sliding track 14 upwardly to the drill tool through hole 11 until flush with the upper end surface of the tail beam 1. The insertion block 133 can also move with the moving plate 13 to slide along the inclined side of the sliding track 14 from the top end of the sliding track 14 downwardly to the bottom end of the sliding track 14. The sliding track 14 is part of the drill tool through hole 11, and at the edge of the drill tool through hole 11, it is inclined downwardly along the top of the drill tool through hole 11 until the top wall of the movable space 12. Therefore, the insertion block 133 can slide along the sliding track 14. When the breaking drill 21 is retracted, the moving plate 13 blocks the drill tool through hole 11, and the insertion block 133 moves upwardly along the sliding track 14 until the top end of the insertion block 133 is flush with the upper surface of the tail beam 1. When the breaking drill 21 is extended, the moving plate 13 exposes the drill tool through hole 11, and the insertion block 133 moves downwardly along the sliding track 14 until the insertion block 133 moves to the bottom end of the sliding track 14. The two ends of the reset spring are connected with the insertion block 133 and the limiting piece 132 respectively by clamping, bonding or riveting, and the limiting piece 132 is connected by screwing, bonding or clamping. When the insertion block 133 moves to be flush with the upper surface of the tail beam 1, the limiting piece 132 abuts against the top wall of the movable space 12, preventing the insertion block 133 from extending out of the drill tool through hole 11.

[0039] Further, the tail beam 1 is provided with a pushing plate 22 parallel to the lower end surface of the tail beam 1. The pushing plate 22 is fixedly provided with a motor 23 for driving the breaking drill 21 to rotate, and the motor 23 is perpendicular to the tail beam 1. The side of the pushing plate 22 away from the tail beam 1 is provided with an oil cylinder 24 for pushing the pushing plate 22 to approach the tail beam 1. The pushing plate 22 is arranged on the lower end surface of the tail beam 1 and parallel to the lower end surface of the tail beam 1. The side of the pushing plate 22 opposite to the lower end surface of the tail beam 1 is fixedly provided with the motor 23 for driving the breaking drill 21 to rotate by welding, bonding or clamping. The driving shaft of the motor 23 is connected with the breaking drill 21, and the motor 23 is perpendicular to the tail beam 1 and the pushing plate 22.

[0040] Further, the lower end surface of the tail beam 1 is provided with four guide columns 25 perpendicular to the tail beam 1 at the corners, the pushing plate 22 is provided with guide holes 221 for the guide columns 25 to pass through, the four guide columns 25 are fixed with a fixed frame 26 at the end away from the tail beam 1, and the oil cylinder 24 is fixed to the fixed frame 26 close to the side surface of the pushing plate 22. The tail beam 1 is quadrilateral, and the tail beam 1 is provided with four guide columns 25 on the lower end surface, the guide columns 25 are perpendicular to the tail beam 1, the pushing plate 22 and the fixed frame 26, the oil cylinder 24 is fixed to the fixed frame 26 by welding, screwing or clamping, and drives the breaking drill 21 to extend out of the drill hole 11 by pushing the pushing plate 22.

[0041] Embodiment 2:

[0042] With reference to Figures 3 to 5 The difference between the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the present embodiment further comprises a second breaking mechanism 4 arranged on the upper end surface of the top beam 3 for breaking the single large volume of top coal, which is specifically described as follows.

[0043] In the present embodiment, the second breaking mechanism 4 comprises a plurality of rectangular breaking units 41 uniformly distributed along the length direction of the top beam 3, each rectangular breaking unit 41 comprises at least one first prism 411 extending along the length direction of the top beam 3 and at least one second prism 412 extending along the width direction of the top beam 3 and spaced apart along the length direction of the top beam 3, at least one edge of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 is perpendicular upward and protrudes from the upper surface of the top beam 3, and the at least one first prism 411 and the at least one second prism 412 are arranged together in a rectangular shape. When the coal is extracted by the top coal caving hydraulic support, the top beam 3 is directly supported on the lower end of the top coal, at this time, the second breaking mechanism 4 will break the top coal to a certain extent, and the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 will be partially embedded in the top coal under the support of the top beam 3 and the pressure of the top coal, thereby breaking the top coal to a certain extent along the length and width directions of the top beam 3, and the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 are arranged in a rectangular shape, which breaks the top coal more thoroughly.

[0044] Further, the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 are right triangular prisms, and the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 are detachably connected to the upper end of the top beam 3. The upper end surface of the top beam 3 is vertically provided with a plurality of groups of magnetic fixing columns 31, and three rectangular side surfaces of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 are vertically provided with insertion holes 4111 for the magnetic fixing columns 31 to be magnetically inserted. The first prism 411 and the second prism 412 are uniformly provided with breaking teeth 4112 along the length directions of the three edges thereof, respectively, and the upper end surface of the top beam 3 is provided with clamping grooves 32 on both sides of each group of magnetic fixing columns 31 for the breaking teeth 4112 to be embedded.

[0045] Specifically, the shape of the regular triangular prism makes each edge of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 can achieve the crushing effect, as the coal mining continues, the edges of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 will be ground after long-term use, the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 are magnetically attracted to the roof beam 3 by the magnetic fixing column 31, which can quickly replace the first prism 411 and the second prism 412, and also can quickly change the orientation of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412, improve the service life of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412. The magnetic fixing column 31 facilitates the installation of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412, which only needs to be aligned with the insertion hole 4111 and inserted, which facilitates the installation of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412. The crushing teeth 4112 can be more easily inserted into the top coal, thereby facilitating the crushing of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 to the top coal, making the crushing process more convenient and fast, and the clamping groove 32 on the upper end surface of the roof beam 3 can make the crushing teeth 4112 on the two edges abutting the upper end surface of the roof beam 3 can be partially embedded in the clamping groove 32, to some extent, the connection strength of the first prism 411, the second prism 412 and the roof beam 3 is enhanced.

[0046] Further, the upper end surface of the roof beam 3 is provided with a plurality of angle adjusting assemblies 36 for driving each of the first prisms 411 and the second prisms 412 to rotate about the extension direction of the first prisms 411 and the second prisms 412 as an axis, the angle adjusting assembly 36 drives the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 to rotate by an angle of 120 degrees each time, and the angle adjusting assembly 36 and the adjacent two magnetic fixing columns 31 are located on the same axis. The angle adjusting assembly 36 drives the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 to rotate by 120 degrees each time, so as to replace the upward edges, so that the crushing teeth 4112 are evenly used, and the service life of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 is improved. The magnetic fixing column 31 and the angle adjusting assembly 36 are located below the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 and opposite to the first prism 411 and the second prism 412, therefore, the magnetic fixing column 31 and the angle adjusting assembly 36 are located on the same axis.

[0047] Further, the top beam 3 is internally provided with a sliding cavity 33, the top beam 3 is movably arranged in the vertical direction inside the sliding cavity 33, the magnetic fixing column 31 is fixed on the upper end surface of the sliding plate 34, and the upper end surface of the top beam 3 is provided with a hole 35 for the magnetic fixing column 31 to insert and pass out to the upper end surface of the top beam 3. The angle adjusting assembly 36 comprises an adjusting table 361 and an adjusting gear 362, the adjusting table 361 is vertically slidably arranged inside the top beam 3, the top of the adjusting table 361 passes out to the upper end surface of the top beam 3, the top of the adjusting table 361 is provided with an arc-shaped groove 363, the adjusting gear 362 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 363, the middle part of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 is provided with an annular groove 4113 and forms an adjusting shaft 4114, the adjusting shaft 4114 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 363 with the vertical upward movement of the adjusting table 361 and lifts the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 away from the upper surface of the top beam 3, forming a rotating space of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412, the peripheral side end of the adjusting shaft 4114 is coaxially provided with a tooth ring 4115 engaged with the adjusting gear 362, and the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 can be self-rotated with the rotation of the tooth ring 4115. The vertical upward movement of the adjusting table 361 separates the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 from the upper surface of the top beam 3, so that the first prism 411, the second prism 412 and the upper surface of the top beam 3 are spaced apart by a certain distance, thereby forming a rotating space of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412. The rotating space allows the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 to rotate about the length direction of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412 as an axis, when rotating 120 degrees, the adjusting table 361 is retracted, the magnetic fixing column 31 passes through the hole 35 and is inserted into the insertion hole 4111 of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412, thereby positioning the first prism 411 and the second prism 412, and further completing the angle adjustment of the first prism 411 and the second prism 412, and the broken teeth 4112 can also rotate the top coal at a certain angle.

[0048] In the description of the utility model, it is understood that the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more than two, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0049] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, the terms "mount", "link", "connect", "fix" and so on should do broad sense understanding, for example, can be fixed connection, also can be detachable connection, or be integrated;Can be mechanical connection, also can be electrical connection;Can be direct connection, also can pass through intermediate medium indirectly connect;Can be two element inside communication or two element mutual action relation.For ordinary skilled person in the art, can understand the specific meaning of above-mentioned terms in the utility model according to specific circumstances.

[0050] In the utility model, unless another definite provision and limitation, first feature is "on" or "under" second feature, can be first and second feature direct contact, or first and second feature indirectly contact by intermediate medium.Moreover, first feature is "on", "above" and "on" second feature, can be first feature is directly above or obliquely above second feature, or just indicate that the horizontal height of first feature is higher than second feature.First feature is "under", "below" and "under" second feature, can be first feature is directly below or obliquely below second feature, or just indicate that the horizontal height of first feature is lower than second feature.

[0051] In the description of the specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "embodiment", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model.In the specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.In addition, the skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the specification and the features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0052] Although the embodiments of the utility model have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are exemplary, and cannot be understood as the limitation of the utility model, and the ordinary skilled person in the art can change, modify, replace and change the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving, characterized in that, Includes a first crushing mechanism (2) mounted on the tail beam (1); The first crushing mechanism (2) includes crushing drill bits (21) that are perpendicular to the upper end face of the tail beam (1) and are evenly distributed in an array on the tail beam (1). The tail beam (1) has drill bit holes (11) for the crushing drill bits (21) to move linearly in a direction perpendicular to the tail beam (1). The crushing drill bits (21) can pass through the drill bit holes (11) that protrude from the upper surface of the tail beam (1).

2. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The tail beam (1) has an open space (12) inside, and a movable plate (13) is slidably arranged in the open space (12). The movable plate (13) can block / expose the drill bit hole (11) as it moves.

3. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The movable plate (13) consists of multiple pieces, and each movable plate (13) is set in each row or column of the drill bit perforation (11) array.

4. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 2, characterized in that: An upwardly inclined sliding track (14) is provided on one side of the drill bit hole (11). One end of the sliding track (14) is flush with the top wall of the active space (12), and the other end extends to the top opening of the drill bit hole (11). A return spring (131) is vertically arranged on the upper surface of the moving plate (13). A limiting piece (132) is provided at one end of the return spring (131) away from the moving plate (13). An insert (133) is provided at one end of the limiting piece (132) away from the return spring (131). The insert (133) can move with the moving plate (13) and slide upward along the sliding track (14) from the bottom end of the sliding track (14) to insert into the drill hole (11) until it is flush with the upper surface of the tail beam (1). The insert (133) can also move with the moving plate (13) and slide downward along the inclined side of the sliding track (14) from the top end of the sliding track (14) to the bottom end of the sliding track (14).

5. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A push plate (22) is arranged parallel to the lower end face of the tail beam (1). A motor (23) for driving the crushing drill (21) to rotate is fixed on the side of the push plate (22) close to the tail beam (1) and the motor (23) is perpendicular to the tail beam (1). A hydraulic cylinder (24) for pushing the push plate (22) to move closer to the tail beam (1) is arranged on the side of the push plate (22) away from the tail beam (1).

6. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end face of the tail beam (1) is provided with four guide posts (25) at the corner and the guide posts (25) are perpendicular to the tail beam (1). The push plate (22) is provided with guide holes (221) for the guide posts (25) to pass through. The end of the four guide posts (25) away from the tail beam (1) is fixed with a fixing frame (26). The oil cylinder (24) is fixed to the fixing frame (26) on the side near the push plate (22).

7. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing device for the hydraulic support for top coal caving also includes a second crushing mechanism (4) disposed on the upper end face of the top beam (3); The second crushing mechanism (4) includes a plurality of rectangular crushing units (41) evenly distributed along the length of the top beam (3). Each rectangular crushing unit (41) includes at least one first prism (411) extending along the length of the top beam (3) and second prisms (412) extending along the width of the top beam (3) and spaced apart along the length of the top beam (3). At least one edge of the first prism (411) and the second prism (412) is vertically upward and protrudes from the upper surface of the top beam (3). At least one first prism (411) and at least one second prism (412) are arranged together to form a rectangle.

8. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The first prism (411) and the second prism (412) are both regular triangular prisms, and both the first prism (411) and the second prism (412) can be detachably connected to the upper end of the top beam (3); The top beam (3) has multiple sets of magnetic fixing posts (31) vertically arranged on its upper end face. The three rectangular sides of the first prism (411) and the second prism (412) are all vertically provided with insertion holes (4111) for the magnetic fixing posts (31) to be magnetically inserted. The first prism (411) and the second prism (412) are evenly distributed with breaking teeth (4112) along the length of their three edges respectively. The upper end face of the top beam (3) is provided with slots (32) on both sides of each set of magnetic fixing columns (31) for the breaking teeth (4112) to be inserted.

9. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The upper surface of the top beam (3) is provided with multiple sets of angle adjustment components (36) that drive each of the first prism (411) and the second prism (412) to rotate around its own extension direction as an axis. Each angle adjustment component (36) drives the first prism (411) and the second prism (412) to rotate by 120 degrees each time, and the angle adjustment component (36) and the two adjacent sets of magnetic fixing columns (31) are located on the same axis.

10. The crushing device for a hydraulic support for top coal caving as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The top beam (3) has a sliding cavity (33) inside. The top beam (3) has a sliding plate (34) that moves vertically inside the sliding cavity (33). The magnetic fixing post (31) is fixed to the upper end face of the sliding plate (34). The upper end face of the top beam (3) has an opening (35) for the magnetic fixing post (31) to be inserted and protrude to the upper end face of the top beam (3). The angle adjustment assembly (36) includes an adjustment platform (361) and an adjustment gear (362). The adjustment platform (361) is vertically slidably disposed inside the top beam (3). The top of the adjustment platform (361) extends to the upper end face of the top beam (3). An arc-shaped groove (363) is formed on the top of the adjustment platform (361). The adjustment gear (362) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the arc-shaped groove (363). An annular groove (4113) is formed in the middle of the first prism (411) and the second prism (412), forming an adjustment shaft (4114). The adjustment shaft (4114) 114) As the adjustment platform (361) moves vertically upward and inserts into the arc-shaped groove (363), the first prism (411) and the second prism (412) are lifted and disengaged from the upper surface of the top beam (3), forming a rotation space for the first prism (411) and the second prism (412). The peripheral end of the adjustment shaft (4114) is coaxially provided with a gear ring (4115) that meshes with the adjustment gear (362). As the gear ring (4115) rotates, it can drive the first prism (411) and the second prism (412) to rotate.

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