Anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly

Abstract

The utility model discloses an anti-loosing fastening bolt assembly, and relates to the technical field of fasteners, the anti-loosing fastening bolt assembly comprises a bolt body and a nut, the bolt body comprises a bolt head and a screw rod, the nut is in threaded connection with the screw rod, the bolt head and the nut are respectively provided with a cavity, and the bolt head and the nut are connected with the screw rod through threads. An air inlet of the cavity formed in the bolt head is opposite to an air inlet of the cavity formed in the nut, a negative pressure adsorption assembly is arranged at the air inlet of the cavity, a first adsorption groove is formed in the adsorption end of the negative pressure adsorption assembly and faces one side of a workpiece, and the first adsorption groove communicates with the cavity; the negative pressure adsorption assembly is used for controlling the negative pressure state of the first adsorption tank through the cavity, and a plugging piece is arranged at the air outlet of the cavity; according to the anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly, the head of the bolt and the nut are adsorbed and attached to the surface of the workpiece through extrusion adsorption of the first adsorption groove and the surface of the workpiece, and loosening is effectively prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fastener, specifically relates to a slack-preventing fastening bolt assembly. BACKGROUND

[0002] The fastening bolt assembly is used for connecting and fastening mechanical components or structures, and comprises a bolt body and a nut.

[0003] The existing ordinary fastening bolt cannot prevent the creep of the workpiece when fixing the workpiece, especially for some workpieces such as the copper-clad aluminum busbar developed in recent years, the core is made of aluminum and the shell is made of copper, and the aluminum part has poor creep resistance. SUMMARY

[0004] The utility model discloses a simple structure and reasonable design slack-preventing fastening bolt assembly.

[0005] The utility model discloses the following technical scheme to realize the above-mentioned purpose:

[0006] A slack-preventing fastening bolt assembly comprises a bolt body and a nut, the bolt body comprises a bolt head and a screw rod, the nut is threadedly connected to the screw rod, cavities are formed in the bolt head and the nut respectively, the air inlet of the cavity formed in the bolt head is arranged opposite to the air inlet of the cavity formed in the nut, a negative pressure adsorption assembly is arranged at the air inlet position of the cavity, a first adsorption groove is arranged at the adsorption end of the negative pressure adsorption assembly, the first adsorption groove is arranged on the side of the workpiece, the first adsorption groove is communicated with the cavity, the negative pressure adsorption assembly is used for controlling the negative pressure state of the first adsorption groove through the cavity, and a plugging piece is arranged at the air outlet position of the cavity.

[0007] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the negative pressure adsorption assembly includes a suction cup type gasket and a sealing ring, the sealing ring is sealingly embedded at the air inlet position of the cavity, the suction cup type gasket is arranged at the side of the sealing ring away from the cavity, a first adsorption groove is formed at the side of the suction cup type gasket away from the sealing ring, a second adsorption groove is formed at the side of the suction cup type gasket towards the sealing ring, a through hole is formed in the suction cup type gasket, the first adsorption groove and the second adsorption groove are communicated through the through hole, a suction hole is formed in the sealing ring, and the cavity is communicated with the second adsorption groove through the suction hole.

[0008] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the air inlet position of the cavity is provided with an embedded groove, and the width dimension value of the embedded groove is greater than the width dimension value of the cavity.

[0009] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the through hole and the suction hole are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0010] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the plugging piece includes a baffle, a slot is formed in the bolt head and the nut respectively, the slot is arranged corresponding to the air outlet, and the baffle is inserted and matched with the slot.

[0011] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, when the baffle is inserted in the slot, a cover plate is installed corresponding to the air outlet end.

[0012] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the outer surface of the cover plate installed on the nut is flush with the side edge surface of the nut, and the outer surface of the cover plate on the bolt head is flush with the side edge surface of the bolt head.

[0013] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the side of the nut away from the bolt head is provided with a reverse stopping assembly, one end of the reverse stopping assembly is connected with the screw rod, the other end of the reverse stopping assembly is connected with the nut, and the reverse stopping assembly is used to prevent the nut at the fastening position from rotating in the thread retreat direction of the screw rod.

[0014] As a further optimization scheme of the utility model, the reverse stopping assembly includes a torsion rod, a guide cylinder, a guide rod and a spring, a torsion groove is formed in one end of the screw rod away from the bolt head, the torsion rod is inserted in the torsion groove, the outer end of the torsion rod is fixedly connected with the guide cylinder, the guide rod is slidingly connected in the guide cylinder, one end of the guide rod in the guide cylinder is fixedly connected with the spring, the other end of the spring away from the guide rod is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide cylinder, one end of the guide rod away from the guide cylinder is fixedly connected with a side rod, a lock rod is inserted in the end of the side rod away from the guide rod, and the side rod is connected with the cover plate through the lock rod, wherein the direction of the guide rod moving in the guide cylinder is consistent with the direction of the nut advancing in the thread of the screw rod.

[0015] As a further optimization of this utility model, the baffle is a sandwich structure, wherein the inner layer of the baffle is a stainless steel sheet and the outer layer of the baffle is a rubber sleeve.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly provided by the present invention has negative pressure adsorption components on the bolt head and nut respectively. By using a vacuum pump to vacuum the cavity in the bolt head and nut, the area where the first adsorption groove is in contact with the workpiece is in a vacuum state. Thus, under the pressure of the external atmospheric pressure, the adsorption and contact between the first adsorption groove and the workpiece are achieved, so that even if the workpiece deforms under extreme cold or heat, the fastening force of the bolt can be guaranteed, and the bolt loosening can be avoided.

[0017] Furthermore, the suction cup gasket in the negative pressure adsorption assembly also has a second adsorption groove. The second adsorption groove is set towards the sealing ring embedded in the cavity, so that when the area of ​​the second adsorption groove is in a vacuum state, the bolt head is adsorbed and fixed to the workpiece by the suction cup gasket, and the nut is adsorbed and fixed to the workpiece by the corresponding suction cup gasket, ensuring that the installation between the fastening bolt assembly and the workpiece is reliable.

[0018] In addition, the anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly also includes a backstop assembly. With the help of the torsion bar and torsion groove in the backstop assembly, and the connection constraint between the guide rod and the cover plate through the side rod, and the direction of the guide rod moving inward along the guide cylinder is consistent with the direction of the nut moving forward along the screw thread, the nut is always guaranteed to have a tendency to move towards the screw thread, effectively preventing the nut from loosening from the screw. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is the utility model Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure with the middle cover and baffle in the open state;

[0021] Figure 3 This is the utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the front sectional structure;

[0022] Figure 4 This is the utility model Figure 1 Structural disassembly diagram;

[0023] Figure 5 This is another structural schematic diagram of the suction cup gasket of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is another overall structural schematic diagram of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 is the bottom structure schematic view of the utility model Figure 6 ;

[0026] Figure 8 is the installation structure schematic view of the fastening bolt assembly and workpiece of the utility model.

[0027] In the figure: 1, bolt head; 11, cavity; 2, screw rod; 21, torsion groove; 3, nut; 31, torsion rod; 32, guide cylinder; 33, guide rod; 34, side rod; 35, lock rod; 36, spring; 4, baffle; 41, insertion slot; 5, cover plate; 51, air outlet; 6, suction cup type gasket; 61, second adsorption groove; 62, through air hole; 63, first adsorption groove; 7, sealing ring; 71, air extraction hole; 8, embedding slot; 9, workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following further describes the present application in conjunction with the drawings, and it is necessary to point out here that the following detailed description is only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application, and the skilled person in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application according to the above application content.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] As Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 indicate, the utility model provides a kind of anti-loose fastening bolt assembly, including bolt body and nut 3, the bolt includes bolt head 1 and screw rod 2, the nut 3 is threadedly connected on screw rod 2, the bolt head 1 and nut 3 are respectively set with cavity 11, and the air inlet of the cavity 11 set on the bolt head 1 is oppositely arranged with the air inlet of the cavity 11 set on the nut 3, the air inlet position of the cavity 11 is provided with negative pressure adsorption component, the adsorption end of the negative pressure adsorption component is provided with first adsorption groove 63, first adsorption groove 63 is set towards workpiece 9 side, the first adsorption groove 63 is communicated with cavity 11, the negative pressure adsorption component is used to control the negative pressure state of first adsorption groove 63 by cavity 11, the air outlet 51 position of the cavity 11 is provided with plugging piece.

[0031] The workpiece 9 is locked by screwing the screw rod 2 through the threaded hole on the workpiece 9 to be fastened and screwing the nut 3 on the screw rod 2. At this time, the nut 3 is tightened and loaded with a suitable fastening torque, the first adsorption groove 63 of the negative pressure adsorption assembly is attached to the surface of the workpiece 9, the cavity 11 is evacuated through the air outlet 51, and the first adsorption groove 63 is also in a vacuum state, so that the first adsorption groove 63 is adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece 9 under the action of the external atmospheric pressure. Then the air outlet 51 of the cavity 11 is sealed by the sealing member, thereby maintaining the negative pressure adsorption state between the first adsorption groove 63 and the workpiece 9, and the bolt head 1 and the nut 3 are forcibly adsorbed on the surface of the workpiece 9 by the negative pressure adsorption assembly, thereby effectively preventing the fastening bolt assembly from loosening due to the shrinkage of the workpiece 9 and increasing the safety.

[0032] It should be noted that the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the bolt head 1 is arranged opposite to the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the nut 3, which means that the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the bolt head 1 is arranged corresponding to the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the nut 3. For example, the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the bolt head 1 is located on the radial side of the bolt head 1, and the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the nut 3 is located on the radial side of the nut 3, or the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the bolt head 1 is located on the axial end surface of the bolt head 1, and the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the nut 3 is located on the axial end surface of the nut 3. Preferably, the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the bolt head 1 is arranged towards the nut 3, and the air inlet of the cavity 11 on the nut 3 is arranged towards the bolt head 1. At this time, the directions of the air inlets of the two are arranged along the axial direction of the bolt head 1.

[0033] It should be noted that, as shown in Figure 4 , the first adsorption groove 63 is a ring-shaped groove, and in other embodiments, as shown in Figure 5 , the first adsorption groove 63 is composed of a plurality of circular grooves arranged at intervals, and the plurality of circular grooves are sequentially connected.

[0034] It should be further noted that the negative pressure adsorption assembly is used to control the negative pressure state of the first adsorption groove 63 through the cavity 11, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, even for the case where the first adsorption groove 63 is provided with different topography, the negative pressure adsorption assembly can ensure that the first adsorption groove 63 is in a stable negative pressure state when the cavity 11 is in a negative pressure state, so as to realize the adsorption and adhesion state between the first adsorption groove 63 and the surface of the workpiece 9, and finally realize the relative fixation of the bolt head 1 and the nut 3 with the workpiece 9 without loosening through the negative pressure adsorption assembly. In other embodiments, the negative pressure adsorption assembly includes an elastic diaphragm structure, the axial end surface of the bolt head 1 facing the nut 3 and the axial end surface of the nut 3 facing the bolt head 1 are respectively provided with an elastic diaphragm structure, the side of the elastic diaphragm structure facing the surface of the workpiece 9 has a first adsorption groove 63, the first adsorption groove 63 is in communication with the cavity 11, when the cavity 11 is pumped, the air in the first adsorption groove 63 is pumped away, the elastic diaphragm structure deforms, and the elastic surface of the elastic diaphragm structure even adheres to the surface of the workpiece 9, increasing the adhesion and adsorption surface of the elastic diaphragm structure and the surface of the workpiece 9, and finally realizing the relative fixation of the bolt head 1 and the nut 3 with the workpiece 9 without loosening through the negative pressure adsorption assembly.

[0035] Preferably, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the negative pressure adsorption assembly includes a suction cup type gasket 6 and a sealing ring 7, the sealing ring 7 is sealingly embedded at the air inlet position of the cavity 11, the suction cup type gasket 6 is arranged on the side of the sealing ring 7 away from the cavity 11, the first adsorption groove 63 is opened on the side of the suction cup type gasket 6 away from the sealing ring 7, the second adsorption groove 61 is opened on the side of the suction cup type gasket 6 facing the sealing ring 7, the through hole 62 is opened on the suction cup type gasket 6, the first adsorption groove 63 and the second adsorption groove 61 are in communication through the through hole 62, the air pumping hole 71 is opened on the sealing ring 7, and the cavity 11 is in communication with the second adsorption groove 61 through the air pumping hole 71.

[0036] Before the nut 3 is screwed with the screw rod 2, the sealing ring 7 needs to be embedded at the air inlet position of the cavity 11 on the nut 3 and the screw rod 2 respectively, then the suction pad gasket 6 is sleeved on the screw rod 2 close to the bolt head 1, and the suction pad gasket 6 is sleeved on the screw rod 2 after passing through the workpiece 9 and close to the nut 3, so that the sealing ring 7 and the suction pad gasket 6 are correspondingly arranged, after the tightening torque is applied to the nut 3, the two suction pad gaskets 6 are respectively attached to the opposite surfaces of the workpiece 9, at this time, while the cavity 11 is being vacuumized, the air exhaust hole 71, the second suction groove 61 and the through air hole 62 and the area of the first suction groove 63 are also in a vacuum environment, so that the suction pad gasket 6 is forced to press on the surface of the workpiece 9 under the action of atmospheric pressure, and the suction pad gasket 6 is also forced to extrude together with the sealing ring 7, that is, the suction pad gasket 6 is bidirectional suction, so as to realize the suction fixation between the bolt head 1 and the workpiece 9 through the suction pad gasket 6, and realize the suction fixation between the nut 3 and the workpiece 9 through the corresponding suction pad gasket 6, so as to ensure the firm installation between the fastening bolt assembly and the workpiece 9.

[0037] As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the air inlet position of the cavity 11 has an embedded groove 8, that is, the air inlet position of the cavity 11 on the bolt head 1 has an embedded groove 8 and the air inlet position of the cavity 11 on the nut 3 has an embedded groove 8, the width dimension value of the embedded groove 8 is greater than the width dimension value of the cavity 11, and the sealing ring 7 is embedded in the embedded groove 8. The embedded groove 8 with a wider size facilitates the placement of the sealing ring 7, and when the sealing ring 7 is suctioned and extruded by the suction pad gasket 6, the step surface of the embedded groove 8 provides stable support for the sealing ring 7 and increases the sealing abutting surface between the sealing ring 7 and the cavity 11.

[0038] It should be noted that in the existing copper-clad aluminum bar and pure aluminum connection, due to the poor creep resistance of aluminum, the fastening bolt assembly can be tightened at the initial stage, but as time goes on, in the material maintaining constant deformation, the stress will decrease with the increase of time, which is called stress relaxation, and the tightening force of the fastening bolt assembly gradually decreases. Therefore, by using the above anti-relaxation fastening bolt assembly, a plurality of workpieces 9 are fastened and connected together, as shown in Figure 8 , two workpieces 9 are fastened and connected together by the above fastening bolt assembly, even under high and low temperature cycle conditions, the bolt body and the nut 3 have a tendency to deform, but they can be forced to press on the surface of the workpiece 9 by atmospheric pressure, and cannot be separated, so that the workpiece 9 cannot move relative to the bolt body and the nut 3, thereby preventing the fastening bolt assembly from loosening and increasing safety.

[0039] Exemplarily, the through air hole 62 and the air extraction hole 71 are arranged staggeredly, so that when the vacuumizing member performs the vacuumizing operation on the first adsorption groove 63 through the cavity 11, the air extraction hole 71, the second adsorption groove 61 and the through air hole 62, the air in the first adsorption groove 63 surrounded by the workpiece 9 and the suction pad type gasket 6 needs to pass through the through air hole 62 into the second adsorption groove 61 and then pass through the air extraction hole 71 into the cavity 11. The staggered and tortuous path increases the flow resistance of the gas, delays the air extraction process, slows down the adsorption and extrusion between the first adsorption groove 63 and the workpiece 9, and reduces the possibility of gas leakage.

[0040] Exemplarily, continuing to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the blocking member includes the baffle 4, the bolt head 1 and the nut 3 are respectively provided with the insertion slot 41, the insertion slot 41 is arranged correspondingly to the air outlet 51, the baffle 4 is inserted and matched with the insertion slot 41, and the baffle 4 is located outside the insertion slot 41 when the vacuumizing operation is performed on the cavity 11 through the air outlet 51. After the air extraction is completed, the baffle 4 is inserted into the insertion slot 41 first, the air outlet 51 is sealed and closed through the baffle 4, the cavity 11 is kept in a vacuum state, and then the air pump is removed.

[0041] It should be noted that the baffle 4 is a sandwich structure, wherein the inner layer of the baffle 4 is a stainless steel sheet, and the outer layer of the baffle 4 is a rubber sleeve, so that when the baffle 4 is inserted into the insertion slot 41, the surface material of the rubber sleeve is abutted and rubbed against the groove wall of the insertion slot 41, thereby ensuring that the baffle 4 seals and blocks the air outlet 51.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , when the baffle 4 is inserted into the insertion slot 41, the air outlet end of the air outlet 51 is correspondingly provided with the cover plate 5. The outer end of the air outlet 51 is sealed through the cover plate 5. Exemplarily, the cover plate 5 is threadedly connected with the air outlet 51, thereby realizing the dustproof protection of the cover plate 5 on the air outlet 51, avoiding the blockage of the air outlet 51 caused by the fastening bolt assembly during use and transportation, affecting the vacuumizing operation, and also avoiding the oil stains from being inserted into the air outlet 51 when the tightening tool clamps the nut 3 or the bolt head 1.

[0043] Moreover, the outer surface of the cover plate 5 installed on the nut 3 is flush with the side edge surface of the nut 3, and the outer surface of the cover plate 5 on the bolt head 1 is flush with the side edge surface of the bolt head 1. Avoiding the cover plate 5 from being hindered when the tightening tool clamps the nut 3 or the bolt head 1.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] On the basis of embodiment 1, continuing to refer toFigure 6 and Figure 7 The nut 3 is provided with a reverse prevention assembly on the side away from the bolt head 1, one end of the reverse prevention assembly is clamped with the screw rod 2, the other end of the reverse prevention assembly is clamped with the nut 3, and the reverse prevention assembly is used to prevent the nut 3 in the fastening position from rotating in the thread retreat direction of the screw rod 2. After the nut 3 is tightened to fix the workpiece 9, the reverse prevention assembly can prevent the nut 3 from rotating in the thread retreat direction of the screw rod 2, thereby effectively ensuring that the relative position between the nut 3 and the screw rod 2 is fixed.

[0046] For example, continuing to refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The reverse prevention assembly includes a torsion rod 31, a guide cylinder 32, a guide rod 33, and a spring 36. The screw rod 2 is provided with a torsion groove 21 at the end away from the bolt head 1. The torsion rod 31 is inserted into the torsion groove 21. The outer end of the torsion rod 31 is fixedly connected with the guide cylinder 32. The guide rod 33 is slidably connected in the guide cylinder 32. The end of the guide rod 33 in the guide cylinder 32 is fixedly connected with the spring 36. The end of the spring 36 away from the guide rod 33 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the guide cylinder 32. The end of the guide rod 33 away from the guide cylinder 32 is fixedly connected with a side rod 34. The end of the side rod 34 away from the guide rod 33 is inserted with a lock rod 35. The side rod 34 is connected with the cover plate 5 through the lock rod 35. The direction in which the guide rod 33 moves inwardly along the guide cylinder 32 is consistent with the direction in which the nut 3 advances along the thread of the screw rod 2.

[0047] In the above embodiment, after the nut 3 is tightened to fix the workpiece 9, the torsion rod 31 is inserted into the torsion groove 21, then the guide rod 33 is pulled, the spring 36 is stretched, and the side rod 34 is matched with the cover plate 5, so that the lock rod 35 penetrates through the side rod 34 and is connected with the cover plate 5. For example, the connection mode between the lock rod 35 and the cover plate 5 is threaded connection. In other embodiments, the connection mode between the lock rod 35 and the cover plate 5 is embedded type clamping. Here, it is not limited, as long as the lock rod 35 and the cover plate 5 can be quickly and stably assembled and disassembled. The direction in which the guide rod 33 moves inwardly along the guide cylinder 32 is consistent with the direction in which the nut 3 advances along the thread of the screw rod 2. For example, in the direction shown in the figure, the direction in which the nut 3 advances along the thread of the screw rod 2 is clockwise, and the direction in which the guide rod 33 moves inwardly along the guide cylinder 32 is also clockwise. Therefore, under the elastic force of the spring 36, the guide rod 33 has a tendency to move towards the inside of the guide cylinder 32, so that the nut 3 continuously maintains the moving tendency in the direction in which the screw rod 2 advances along the thread. Figure 7

[0048] ​It needs to be explained that, the anti-loose fastening bolt assembly, in use, the sealing ring 7 is respectively sealed and embedded in the embedding groove 8 of the bolt head 1 and the nut 3, and the suction disc type gasket 6 is correspondingly arranged on one side of the sealing ring 7, the screw rod 2 passes through the suction disc type gasket 6 on one side of the bolt head 1, the workpiece 9, the suction disc type gasket 6 on one side of the nut 3 and the nut 3 in sequence, the fastening torque is applied to the nut 3, so that the two suction disc type gaskets 6 are respectively attached to the opposite two surfaces of the workpiece 9, at this time, the suction disc type gasket 6, the sealing ring 7 and the cavity 11 in the bolt head 1 correspondingly arranged on the bolt head 1 form an air chamber, and the suction disc type gasket 6, the sealing ring 7 and the cavity 11 in the nut 3 correspondingly arranged on the nut 3 also form an air chamber;

[0049] The cover plate 5 is opened and the baffle 4 is pulled away, and the two air chambers are subjected to vacuumizing operation by means of the vacuumizing piece, so that the first suction groove 63 on the suction disc type gasket 6 is in a vacuum state, thereby the suction disc type gasket 6 is caused to be attached to the surface of the workpiece 9 by means of atmospheric pressure, at the same time, the second suction groove 61 on the suction disc type gasket 6 is also in a vacuum state, thereby the suction disc type gasket 6 is caused to be sealed and attached between the sealing ring 7 by means of atmospheric pressure;

[0050] After the vacuumizing treatment, the baffle 4 is inserted, so that the baffle 4 seals and blocks the air outlet 51, then the air pump is removed and the cover plate 5 is covered, so that the air outlet 51 is protected, foreign matters in the outside are prevented from blocking the air outlet 51, and the torsion bar 31 is inserted into the torsion groove 21, the spring 36 is in a stretched state, the insertion hole on the side rod 34 corresponds to the mounting hole on the cover plate 5, so that the side rod 34 and the cover plate 5 are connected together by the lock rod 35, so that the direction of the movement of the guide rod 33 along the inner side of the guide cylinder 32 is consistent with the direction of the movement of the nut 3 along the screw rod 2, so as to hinder the nut 3 from being loosened from the screw rod 2.

[0051] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, the description is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as the limitation of the patent scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bolt assembly for preventing loosening, characterized in that, The assembly includes a bolt body and a nut (3). The bolt body includes a bolt head (1) and a screw (2). The nut (3) is threaded onto the screw (2). The bolt head (1) and the nut (3) are respectively provided with cavities (11). The air inlet of the cavity (11) on the bolt head (1) is opposite to the air inlet of the cavity (11) on the nut (3). A negative pressure adsorption component is provided at the air inlet of the cavity (11). The adsorption end of the negative pressure adsorption component is provided with a first adsorption groove (63). The first adsorption groove (63) is provided facing the workpiece (9). The first adsorption groove (63) is connected to the cavity (11). The negative pressure adsorption component is used to control the negative pressure state of the first adsorption groove (63) through the cavity (11). A sealing component is provided at the air outlet (51) of the cavity (11).

2. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative pressure adsorption assembly includes a suction cup pad (6) and a sealing ring (7). The sealing ring (7) is sealed and embedded at the air inlet of the cavity (11). The suction cup pad (6) is located on the side of the sealing ring (7) away from the cavity (11). A first adsorption groove (63) is opened on the side of the suction cup pad (6) away from the sealing ring (7). A second adsorption groove (61) is opened on the side of the suction cup pad (6) facing the sealing ring (7). A through air hole (62) is opened on the suction cup pad (6). The first adsorption groove (63) and the second adsorption groove (61) are connected through the through air hole (62). An air extraction hole (71) is opened on the sealing ring (7). The cavity (11) is connected to the second adsorption groove (61) through the air extraction hole (71).

3. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cavity (11) has an inlet groove (8) at the air inlet position. The width of the inlet groove (8) is greater than the width of the cavity (11). The sealing ring (7) is sealed and embedded in the inlet groove (8).

4. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The through vent (62) and the extraction vent (71) are staggered.

5. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sealing component includes a baffle (4), and slots (41) are respectively provided on the bolt head (1) and nut (3). The slots (41) are correspondingly provided with the air outlet (51), and the baffle (4) is inserted into the slot (41).

6. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, When a baffle (4) is inserted into the slot (41), a cover plate (5) is installed at the outlet end of the air outlet (51).

7. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The outer surface of the cover plate (5) installed on the nut (3) is flush with the side edge surface of the nut (3), and the outer surface of the cover plate (5) on the bolt head (1) is flush with the side edge surface of the bolt head (1).

8. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The nut (3) is provided with a backstop assembly on the side away from the bolt head (1). One end of the backstop assembly is engaged with the screw (2), and the other end of the backstop assembly is engaged with the nut (3). The backstop assembly is used to prevent the nut (3) in the fastened position from rotating in the direction of thread retraction of the screw (2).

9. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that, The anti-reverse assembly includes a torsion bar (31), a guide cylinder (32), a guide rod (33), and a spring (36). The screw (2) has a torsion groove (21) at the end furthest from the bolt head (1). The torsion bar (31) is inserted into the torsion groove (21). The outer end of the torsion bar (31) is fixedly connected to the guide cylinder (32). The guide rod (33) is slidably connected inside the guide cylinder (32). One end of the guide rod (33) located inside the guide cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to a spring (36). 6) The end away from the guide rod (33) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder (32). The end of the guide rod (33) away from the guide cylinder (32) is fixedly connected to a side rod (34). The end of the side rod (34) away from the guide rod (33) is inserted with a locking rod (35). The side rod (34) is connected to the cover plate (5) through the locking rod (35). The direction of the guide rod (33) moving inward along the guide cylinder (32) is consistent with the direction of the nut (3) moving forward along the thread of the screw (2).

10. The anti-loosening fastening bolt assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that, The baffle (4) has a sandwich structure, wherein the inner layer of the baffle (4) is a stainless steel sheet and the outer layer of the baffle (4) is a rubber sleeve.

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