Reduction test equipment for freezing injury process of tunnel drainage system in cold region

Abstract

The utility model relates to cold region tunnel drainage system freeze injury process reduction test equipment, and relates to the technical field of tunnels. The equipment comprises a sealed chamber, a tunnel model of a target tunnel and a plurality of temperature sensors, the tunnel model is arranged in the sealed chamber; the tunnel model comprises a tunnel, a primary support, a secondary lining, a drainage system and a water injection port, a waterproof layer is arranged between the primary support and the secondary lining, and the water injection port is located on the primary support and used for injecting water flow to the waterproof layer; the temperature sensors are arranged in the drainage system and used for monitoring the temperature of water in the drainage system. By applying the test device capable of simulating or reducing the freeze injury of the tunnel structure, more real boundary conditions of the tunnel test in the cold region are provided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tunnel technology, and particularly relates to a kind of cold region tunnel drainage system freeze injury process reduction test equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The highway and railway tunnels in high-cold region are affected by unique climate, and in addition to the conventional diseases, there are special disease forms such as lining cracking, crumbling, peeling, ice hanging on the top and side wall, water dripping on the bottom, wall cracking at the tunnel portal and hot melting collapse at the portal. These freeze injuries cause the tunnel lining to suffer different degrees of damage and deterioration, and the ice hanging, frost heaving intrusion into the building gauge endangers the driving safety, which not only causes great safety hazard, but also reduces the use function of the tunnel. In the northern region of China, the freeze-thaw cycle of liquid between the surrounding rocks of the tunnel caused by large temperature difference phenomenon causes irreversible damage to the surrounding rocks and the tunnel structure, and intensifies the shrinkage and swelling, damage, cracking and other physical changes and possible chemical changes of the surrounding rocks, so that the surrounding rocks are unstable and the tunnel freeze injury phenomenon is significant.

[0003] In the prior art, researchers use cold region tunnel drainage system freeze injury process reduction test equipment to study the tunnel freeze injury process in high-cold region. However, the existing cold region tunnel drainage system freeze injury process reduction test equipment often cannot well restore the actual cold region environment. CONTENT OF THE INVENTION

[0004] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a kind of cold region tunnel drainage system freeze injury process reduction test equipment.

[0005] Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a kind of cold region tunnel drainage system freeze injury process reduction test equipment, comprising: sealed chamber, the tunnel model of target tunnel and multiple temperature sensors;Tunnel model is placed in sealed chamber, and the sealed chamber includes outlet, and the outlet is sealed by heat preservation structure;Tunnel model includes tunnel, primary support, secondary lining, drainage system and water injection port, waterproof layer is arranged between primary support and secondary lining, water injection port is located on primary support, for injecting water flow on waterproof layer;Drainage system includes annular drainage pipe, longitudinal drainage pipe, side ditch, transverse drainage ditch and center drainage ditch, annular drainage pipe is arranged between waterproof layer and primary support, longitudinal drainage pipe and side ditch are arranged at the edge in the tunnel driving direction, center drainage ditch is arranged at the center in the tunnel driving direction, and the injected water flow enters longitudinal drainage pipe, side ditch, transverse drainage ditch and center drainage ditch in turn along annular drainage pipe;Multiple temperature sensors are arranged in the drainage system for monitoring the temperature of water in the drainage system.

[0006] The technical solution of the present disclosure can simulate or restore the test device of tunnel structure freeze injury, and has more real cold region tunnel test boundary conditions.

[0007] It is to be understood that the description of the contents of this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of embodiments of the disclosure, nor is it used to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other features of the disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] The accompanying drawings are used to better understand the present scheme, and do not constitute a limitation on the present disclosure. Among them:

[0009] Figure 1 Structure diagram of an embodiment of the freezing process restoration test equipment for the drainage system of a tunnel in a cold region according to the present disclosure;

[0010] Figure 2 Structure diagram of another embodiment of the freezing process restoration test equipment for the drainage system of a tunnel in a cold region according to the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the present disclosure. Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs.

[0012] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a presence of the features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0013] The embodiments in the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0014] In order to make the technical scheme and advantages of the present disclosure clearer, the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 Structure diagram of an embodiment of the freezing process restoration test equipment for the drainage system of a tunnel in a cold region according to the present disclosure. In Figure 1 , the freezing process restoration test equipment for the drainage system of a tunnel in a cold region can include a sealed chamber 101, a tunnel model 102 of a target tunnel, and a plurality of temperature sensors (not shown in the figure).

[0016] The tunnel model 102 of the target tunnel is placed in the sealed chamber 101, and the sealed chamber 101 is a freezer for isolating the influence of external temperature on the tunnel model. In some specific practices, the sealed chamber can be a cubic structure.

[0017] The tunnel model can be a scaled-down version of the target tunnel, with dimensions scaled down in proportion to the construction dimensions of the target tunnel. The tunnel model can include a tunnel 1021, an initial support 1022, a secondary lining 1023, a drainage system 1024, and a water injection port 1025. A waterproof layer 1026 is provided between the initial support 1022 and the secondary lining 1023. The water injection port 1025 is located on the initial support 1022 and is used to inject water flow onto the waterproof layer 1026 to simulate the flow of groundwater between the initial support 1022 and the waterproof layer 1026.

[0018] The drainage system 1024 can include a ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241, a longitudinal drainage pipe 10242, a side ditch 10243, a transverse drainage ditch 10244, and a central drainage ditch 10245. The ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241 is provided between the waterproof layer 1026 and the initial support 1022 and is arranged in parallel along the surface of the initial support 1022. The ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241 is provided with a plurality of holes for collecting groundwater flowing between the initial support 1022 and the waterproof layer 1026. The longitudinal drainage pipe 10242 and the side ditch 10243 are provided at the edges of the tunnel 1021 in the driving direction. The longitudinal drainage pipe 10242 is used to collect water flowing in the ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241. The central drainage ditch 10245 is provided at the center of the tunnel 1021 in the driving direction, and the injected water flow sequentially enters the longitudinal drainage pipe 10242, the side ditch 10243, the transverse drainage ditch 10244, and finally the central drainage ditch 10245 along the ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241. The central drainage ditch 10245 drains water to the outside of the tunnel or to a designated area.

[0019] A plurality of temperature sensors can be provided in the drainage system 1024, specifically in the ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241, the longitudinal drainage pipe 10242, the side ditch 10243, the transverse drainage ditch 10244, and the central drainage ditch 10245. Each temperature sensor can monitor the temperature of the water in the ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241, the longitudinal drainage pipe 10242, the side ditch 10243, the transverse drainage ditch 10244, and the central drainage ditch 10245 in real time, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the temperature of groundwater in the tunnel.

[0020] The cold region tunnel drainage system freeze damage process restoration test equipment provided by the above embodiments of the present disclosure can simulate or restore the test device of tunnel structure freeze damage, and has a more realistic boundary condition of cold region tunnel test.

[0021] Continuing to refer to Figure 2 which shows a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the cold region tunnel drainage system freeze damage process restoration test equipment according to the present disclosure. In Figure 2The cold region tunnel drainage system freeze damage process reduction test equipment shown includes a sealed chamber 201, a tunnel model 202 of a target tunnel, a plurality of temperature sensors (not shown in the figure), a temperature regulator 203, a humidity regulator 204, a fan 205, and an image collector 206.

[0022] The tunnel model 202 is placed in the sealed chamber 201, which is a freezer, and the inner walls of the sealed chamber are pasted with thermal insulation materials. In some specific practices, the sealed chamber 201 can include an outlet that is sealed by a double-layer thermal insulation structure. In this way, the temperature of the sealed chamber 201 can be stabilized.

[0023] The tunnel model 202 includes a tunnel 2021, an initial support 2022, and a secondary lining 2023, and can also include a drainage system 2024 and a water injection port 2025. The drainage system 2024 can include a ring-shaped drainage pipe 20241, a longitudinal drainage pipe 20242, a side ditch 20243, a transverse drainage ditch 20244, and a central drainage ditch 20245. The ring-shaped drainage pipe 20241 is arranged between the waterproof layer 2026 and the initial support 2022 and is arranged in parallel along the surface of the initial support 2022. The ring-shaped drainage pipe 20241 is provided with a plurality of holes for collecting underground water flowing between the initial support 2022 and the waterproof layer 2026. The longitudinal drainage pipe 20242 and the side ditch 20243 are arranged at the edge in the driving direction of the tunnel 2021. The longitudinal drainage pipe 20242 is used to collect water flowing in the ring-shaped drainage pipe 20241. The central drainage ditch 20245 is arranged at the center in the driving direction of the tunnel 2021, and the injected water flows into the longitudinal drainage pipe 20242, the side ditch 20243, the transverse drainage ditch 20244, and finally the central drainage ditch 20245 along the ring-shaped drainage pipe 20241 in sequence. The central drainage ditch 20245 drains water to the outside of the tunnel or a designated area.

[0024] A plurality of temperature sensors can be arranged in the drainage system 1024, specifically in the ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241, the longitudinal drainage pipe 10242, the side ditch 10243, the transverse drainage ditch 10244, and the central drainage ditch 10245. Each temperature sensor 103 can monitor the temperature of the water in the ring-shaped drainage pipe 10241, the longitudinal drainage pipe 10242, the side ditch 10243, the transverse drainage ditch 10244, and the central drainage ditch 10245 in real time, thereby enabling real-time monitoring of the temperature of the underground water in the tunnel.

[0025] The temperature regulator 203 is arranged in the sealed chamber 201 and is used to regulate the temperature in the sealed chamber 201.

[0026] The humidity regulator 204 is arranged in the sealed chamber 201 and is used to regulate the humidity in the sealed chamber 201.

[0027] The fan 205 is arranged in the sealed chamber 201 and used to generate wind with a specified speed and direction in the sealed chamber 201.

[0028] The image collector 206 can be arranged at the inlet and outlet of the tunnel in the sealed chamber and used to collect images of water flow at the inlet and outlet, so that the form of water in the drainage system can be further observed through the images.

[0029] In some optional implementations of the embodiment, in order to more clearly observe the form of water in the drainage system, the preliminary support 2022 and the secondary lining 2023 can be made of transparent materials, such as transparent concrete, transparent glass glue, and transparent resin.

[0030] In some optional implementations of the embodiment, a metal protective sleeve is arranged outside each temperature sensor 203 and used to protect the probe of the temperature sensor, avoid rust, and ensure long-term use. The metal protective sleeve can be made of stainless steel. The temperature sensor can use a WZP-001 Pt100 single-branch platinum thermal resistance sensing element as a temperature measuring probe, the measurement range is -200-220℃, the temperature resolution is 0.01-0.05℃ for negative temperature, 0.01-0.03℃ for positive temperature, and the measurement accuracy is 0.05℃. The lead wire of the temperature sensor can be 5 meters, so as to ensure data transmission.

[0031] The cold region tunnel drainage system freeze damage process restoration test equipment provided by the above embodiment of the present disclosure can simulate or restore the test device of tunnel structure freeze damage, has more real boundary conditions of cold region tunnel test, and has a certain freeze damage process visualization function.

[0032] When the cold region tunnel drainage system freeze damage process restoration test equipment of the present disclosure is applied, the single variable principle can be used. That is, a single variable factor is used to change the variable factor of wind speed, and other variables are constant, so as to measure the influence of wind speed on the freeze damage process of the drainage system. The variable factor of temperature is changed, and other variables are constant, so as to measure the influence of temperature on the freeze damage process of the drainage system. The variable factor of humidity is changed, and other variables are constant, so as to measure the influence of humidity on the freeze damage process of the drainage system.

[0033] The cold region tunnel drainage system freeze damage process restoration test equipment of the present disclosure can measure experimental parameters according to the data measured from the meteorological environment of the tunnel portal, the tunnel geological environment, and the underground water environment of the proposed cold region tunnel, observe the freeze damage process of the tunnel drainage system, provide design data for the freeze damage prevention of the cold region tunnel structure drainage system, and guide the design, construction, and operation and maintenance of the cold region tunnel.

[0034] The above merely provides preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not used to limit the present disclosure. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure shall be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A test apparatus for the reduction of freezing damage in a tunnel drainage system in cold regions, characterized in that, include: Sealed chamber, tunnel model of the target tunnel, and multiple temperature sensors; The tunnel model is placed inside the sealed chamber; The tunnel model includes a tunnel, initial support, secondary lining, drainage system and water injection port. A waterproof layer is provided between the initial support and the secondary lining. The water injection port is located on the initial support and is used to inject water into the waterproof layer. The drainage system includes a circumferential drainage pipe, a longitudinal drainage pipe, a side ditch, a transverse drainage ditch, and a central drainage ditch. The circumferential drainage pipe is located between the waterproof layer and the initial support. The longitudinal drainage pipe and the side ditch are located along the edge of the tunnel in the direction of travel. The central drainage ditch is located at the center of the tunnel in the direction of travel. The injected water flows sequentially along the circumferential drainage pipe into the longitudinal drainage pipe, the side ditch, the transverse drainage ditch, and the central drainage ditch. The multiple temperature sensors are installed in the drainage system to monitor the temperature of the water in the drainage system.

2. The experimental equipment for the restoration of freezing damage process in cold-region tunnel drainage systems according to claim 1, wherein, The equipment also includes image acquisition devices installed at the entrance and exit of the tunnel.

3. The experimental equipment for restoring the freezing damage process of a cold-region tunnel drainage system according to claim 1, wherein, The initial support and secondary lining are made of transparent materials.

4. The experimental equipment for the restoration of freezing damage process in cold-region tunnel drainage systems according to claim 1, wherein, The test equipment also includes a temperature regulator, which is located in the sealed chamber and is used to regulate the temperature inside the sealed chamber.

5. The experimental equipment for the frost damage reduction process of a cold-region tunnel drainage system according to claim 1, wherein, The test equipment also includes a humidity regulator, which is installed in the sealed chamber and is used to regulate the humidity in the sealed chamber.

6. The experimental equipment for the restoration of freezing damage process in cold-region tunnel drainage systems according to claim 1, wherein, The test equipment also includes a fan, which is installed in the sealed chamber to generate winds of different speeds within the sealed chamber.

7. The experimental equipment for restoring the freezing damage process of a cold-region tunnel drainage system according to claim 1, wherein, The sealed chamber is a freezer.

8. The experimental equipment for restoring the freezing damage process of a cold-region tunnel drainage system according to claim 7, wherein, The sealed interior walls are covered with thermal insulation material.

9. The experimental equipment for restoring the freezing damage process of a cold-region tunnel drainage system according to claim 8, wherein, The sealed chamber includes an outlet, which is sealed by a double-layer insulation structure.

Images