Solid oxide fuel cell with eccentric conical groove anode structure
By designing an eccentric conical groove structure on the anode support layer, gas flow and thermal management are optimized, solving the problem of temperature non-uniformity in solid oxide fuel cells and improving current density and battery life.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-07
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-20
Smart Images
Figure CN224020738U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to solid oxide fuel cell technical field, especially, it relates to a solid oxide fuel cell with eccentric conical groove anode structure. BACKGROUND
[0002] Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is an environmental protection energy device without combustion, which can directly convert the chemical energy of fuel gas into electric energy and heat energy. The device uses relatively stable ceramic solid oxide as electrolyte, and can safely and efficiently operate at high temperature of 600 DEG C to 1000 DEG C without worrying about electrolyte degradation. At the same time, the solid oxide fuel cell has wide fuel flexibility, and the fuel range is from pure hydrogen to gaseous / liquefied hydrocarbon fuel, such as methane, ammonia and biogas derived from biomass. The accommodation of liquefied fuel increases the power density of the cell and promotes the system compactness of the stack. And the solid oxide fuel cell has high carbon hydrocarbon energy conversion efficiency, and realizes system efficiency up to 50% to 70% without secondary heating. This dual advantage of environmental friendliness and energy efficiency makes it show broad application prospect in the field of distributed power station, transportation power source and the like, and provides an innovative solution for building a low-carbon energy system.
[0003] The temperature change of SOFC significantly affects the electrochemical dynamics and the thermal performance of materials, for example, the heat transfer coefficient, mass transfer coefficient and thermal conductivity are crucial for its safe operation and power density. Many traditional thermal management strategies have been relatively in-depth in the study of reducing temperature gradient. In terms of changing the structure of flow channel, the overall performance of SOFC is improved by changing the size of the rib width ratio, the height-width ratio, the position of the fuel reforming reaction, the configuration of the gas flow direction (co-flow, counter-flow and cross-flow) and the like. But the influence on the uniformity of temperature distribution is often ignored or not well solved.
[0004] Through investigation, it is found that improving the structure of anode electrode is considered as an effective method to improve the overall temperature uniformity and power density, which can greatly promote the diffusion of anode gas flow into the activation reaction area. At present, many researchers pay attention to the research on the thermal flux in the thickness direction of anode, gradient porosity anode, and the design of SOFC anode support layer is relatively less, and further exploration and design are needed. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT
[0005] The purpose of the utility model embodiment is to provide a solid oxide fuel cell with eccentric conical groove anode structure, which aims to solve the problems in the above background technology.
[0006] The utility model discloses an anode structure of solid oxide fuel cell with eccentric conical groove, which comprises an anode flow channel and a cathode flow channel, a three-in-one electrode is arranged between the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel, and the three-in-one electrode comprises an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte layer.
[0007] The anode comprises an anode support layer and an anode functional layer, and the cathode comprises a cathode functional layer and a cathode diffusion layer; the anode functional layer and the cathode functional layer are arranged on the two sides of the electrolyte layer, respectively; and two rows of eccentric conical grooves are arranged on the anode support layer along the gas conveying direction, the distance between the two rows of eccentric conical grooves is equal, and the eccentric conical grooves are used for disturbing and guiding the gas.
[0008] Further, the eccentric conical grooves on the anode support layer are divided into six groups along the direction from the gas inlet to the gas outlet, the eccentric distances of the six groups of eccentric conical grooves increase successively, the shapes of the eccentric conical grooves in each group are equal, the width and the distance of the eccentric conical grooves in each group are equal, and the upper and lower surfaces of each group of eccentric conical grooves are planes.
[0009] Further, each group of eccentric conical grooves comprises two rows of thirty eccentric conical grooves, and the eccentric distances of the eccentric conical grooves in each group of the six groups are 0 μm, 100 μm, 200 μm, 300 μm, 400 μm and 500 μm successively.
[0010] Further, the major axis of the upper ellipse of the eccentric conical groove is 200 μm, the minor axis is 250 μm, the major axis of the lower ellipse is 120 μm, the minor axis is 150 μm, and the groove depth is 80 μm.
[0011] Further, the length of the anode flow channel is 10 mm, and the height and the width are both 1 mm.
[0012] The solid oxide fuel cell with the eccentric conical groove anode structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model has the advantages that the anode support layer with the eccentric conical groove is customized and designed, the eccentric conical groove is similar to an inclined conical shape without a conical top as a whole, extends along the height and flow direction of the anode electrode, and a novel three-dimensional model of a planar solid oxide fuel cell is established, one end penetrates through the inside of the anode electrode support layer, and the other end is close to the anode functional layer and is closed, four geometric parameters of groove depth h, elliptic long semi-axis a, elliptic scale ratio k and two elliptic center distances w are optimized, the current density of the cell is improved, and the maximum temperature gradient of the cell is reduced, the existence of the eccentric conical groove significantly accelerates the gas flow rate into the electrolyte, thereby causing more robust electrochemical reactions and heat dissipation, the anode functional layer makes the gas flow and diffuse more easily inside the porous medium, is beneficial to the intensification of convective heat exchange, can effectively reduce the maximum temperature gradient along the groove edge, improves the problem of uneven heat distribution inside the cell, and increases the service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0013] Figure 1 The structure schematic view of the solid oxide fuel cell with the eccentric conical groove anode structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model (the right small drawing is a top view) is provided.
[0014] Figure 2 The A-A sectional view in the Figure 1
[0015] Figure 3 The B-B sectional view in the Figure 2
[0016] Figure 4 The polarization curve and power density data statistical graph of the solid oxide fuel cell with the eccentric conical groove anode structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model and the traditional SOFC are provided.
[0017] Figure 5 The influence of different eccentric distances on the temperature gradient of the SOFC is provided.
[0018] Figure 6 The hydrogen concentration cloud graph and the temperature gradient cloud graph of the SOFC with different eccentric distances are provided.
[0019] In the drawings: anode flow channel 1; anode support layer 2; eccentric conical groove 21; anode functional layer 3; electrolyte layer 4; cathode functional layer 5; cathode diffusion layer 6; cathode flow channel 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0021] The specific implementation of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0022] like Figures 1-3 As shown, a solid oxide fuel cell with an eccentric conical grooved anode structure is provided in one embodiment of the present invention. It includes an anode flow channel 1 and a cathode flow channel 7. A three-in-one electrode is disposed between the anode flow channel 1 and the cathode flow channel 7. The three-in-one electrode includes an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte layer 4.
[0023] The anode includes an anode support layer 2 and an anode functional layer 3, and the cathode includes a cathode functional layer 5 and a cathode diffusion layer 6. The anode functional layer 3 and the cathode functional layer 5 are respectively disposed on both sides of the electrolyte layer 4. The anode support layer 2 is provided with two rows of eccentric conical grooves 21 along the gas conveying direction. The spacing between the two rows of eccentric conical grooves 21 is equal, which is used to disturb and guide the gas.
[0024] In this embodiment of the invention, air is introduced into the cathode channel 7 and hydrogen is introduced into the anode channel 2.
[0025] like Figures 1-3 As shown in the preferred embodiment of this utility model, the eccentric conical grooves 21 on the anode support layer 2 are divided into six groups along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet. The eccentricity distance of the six groups of eccentric conical grooves 21 increases sequentially. The shapes of the eccentric conical grooves 21 in each group are equal, and the width and spacing of the eccentric conical grooves 21 in each group are equal. The upper and lower surfaces of each group of eccentric conical grooves 21 are planar. The side view resembles a parallelogram with unequal upper and lower side lengths. The eccentric conical grooves enhance the vertical convection of gas in the anode support layer 2, and significantly reduce the existing temperature gradient by enhancing convective heat transfer.
[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each group of eccentric conical grooves 21 includes two rows of a total of thirty eccentric conical grooves 21, and the eccentric distance of each group of eccentric conical grooves 21 in the six groups is 0μm, 100μm, 200μm, 300μm, 400μm, and 500μm respectively.
[0027] The upper ellipse of the eccentric conical groove 21 has a major semi-axis of 200μm and a minor semi-axis of 250μm; the lower ellipse has a major semi-axis of 120μm and a minor semi-axis of 150μm, and the groove depth is 80μm.
[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the length of the anode flow channel 1 is 10mm, and the height and width are both 1mm.
[0029] In order to compare the implementation effect, 7 solid oxide fuel cells are adopted, 6 fuel cells are based on the above structure; another one is a traditional solid oxide fuel cell without slotting design, and the remaining technical parameters and materials of the 6 fuel cells are completely same except the different structure.
[0030] The 7 cells are tested under the same working condition, the cell is operated in constant voltage mode, the voltage range is 0.3V to 1.0V, and the operating temperature is 1073℃.
[0031] As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the average temperature and the maximum temperature difference of the 7 cells are compared. As can be seen from the figure, the average temperature of the proposed eccentric conical groove solid oxide fuel cell is basically the same compared with the traditional unslotted fuel cell, which shows that the average heat production of the slotted and unslotted cell is basically the same; on this basis, the eccentric conical groove structure proposed by the application can greatly reduce the maximum temperature difference in the cell, and the temperature gradient is significantly reduced with the increase of the eccentric distance. It shows that the new fuel cell can significantly improve the problem of uneven heat absorption in the cell, and effectively improve the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the cell.
[0032] The Figure 4 polarization curves of the 7 fuel cells are given, and it can be seen from the figure that: at low voltage, the slotted fuel cell of the application can improve the average current density of the cell and improve the power of the cell. However, the performance does not change significantly with the increase of the eccentric distance.
[0033] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not used to limit the utility model, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement within the spirit and principle of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A solid oxide fuel cell with an eccentric conical grooved anode structure, characterized in that, It includes an anode flow channel and a cathode flow channel, and a three-in-one electrode is disposed between the anode flow channel and the cathode flow channel. The three-in-one electrode includes an anode, a cathode and an electrolyte layer. The anode includes an anode support layer and an anode functional layer, and the cathode includes a cathode functional layer and a cathode diffusion layer. The anode functional layer and the cathode functional layer are respectively disposed on both sides of the electrolyte layer. The anode support layer has two rows of eccentric conical grooves along the gas delivery direction, and the spacing between the two rows of eccentric conical grooves is equal, which are used to disturb and guide the gas.
2. The solid oxide fuel cell with an eccentric conical grooved anode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the direction from the air inlet to the air outlet, the eccentric conical grooves on the anode support layer are divided into six groups. The eccentric distance of the six groups of eccentric conical grooves increases sequentially. The shape of the eccentric conical grooves in each group is equal, and the width and spacing of the eccentric conical grooves in each group are equal. The upper and lower surfaces of each group of eccentric conical grooves are flat.
3. The solid oxide fuel cell with an eccentric conical grooved anode structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each group of eccentric conical grooves includes two rows of thirty eccentric conical grooves. The eccentric distances of the eccentric conical grooves in each of the six groups are 0μm, 100μm, 200μm, 300μm, 400μm, and 500μm, respectively.
4. The solid oxide fuel cell with an eccentric conical grooved anode structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper ellipse of the eccentric conical groove has a major semi-axis of 200μm and a minor semi-axis of 250μm; the lower ellipse has a major semi-axis of 120μm and a minor semi-axis of 150μm, and the groove depth is 80μm.
5. The solid oxide fuel cell with an eccentric conical grooved anode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anode flow channel is 10 mm long, and 1 mm high and wide.