Expander

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a dilator which comprises an upper blade, a lower blade and an inserting rod, the upper blade is rotatably connected with the lower blade through a rotating shaft, the upper blade is provided with a first through hole, the lower blade is provided with a second through hole, and the inserting rod is provided with a first stopping piece and a second stopping piece at intervals in the axial direction. The inserting rod penetrates through the first penetrating hole and the second penetrating hole in the axial direction, the second stopping piece is stopped on the side, away from the first penetrating hole, of the second penetrating hole, the inserting rod can rotate around the axis of the inserting rod, the first stopping piece has a first posture and a second posture, and in the first posture, the first stopping piece can penetrate through the first penetrating hole when the upper blade rotates relative to the lower blade; in the second posture, the first stopping piece is stopped on the side, away from the second penetrating hole, of the first penetrating hole. Medical staff can lock the relative positions of the upper blade and the lower blade only by operating the insertion rod to rotate after the upper blade rotates, and the whole process is simple to operate, so that the medical staff can use conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to an expander. Background Technology

[0002] Vaginal speculum is a medical device used in clinical practice for the diagnosis and screening of gynecological diseases. It plays an important role in premarital checkups, pregnancy checkups, and prenatal checkups.

[0003] Existing vaginal specula devices generally consist of an upper leaflet and a lower leaflet, which are rotatably connected to form an expansion structure. During use, medical personnel insert the specula device into the vagina and control the rotation of the upper leaflet relative to the lower leaflet, thereby creating a certain amount of space within the vagina. The internal condition of the vagina is then observed through a viewing window located on the upper leaflet for diagnostic purposes.

[0004] As described above, after medical staff control the upper leaf to rotate relative to the lower leaf to a preset working position to open the vagina to a certain space, the relative positions of the upper and lower leaves need to be fixed to facilitate subsequent diagnosis and treatment of the patient. In existing technologies, the relative positions of the upper and lower leaves are generally fixed using a screw structure. Specifically, after controlling the upper leaf to rotate relative to the lower leaf to the preset working position, medical staff manually tighten the screw or the locking nut on the screw to connect the upper and lower leaves together via the screw, or lock the upper and lower leaves together using the locking nut and the head of the screw. Therefore, the method of locking the position of the upper and lower leaves of the dilator is cumbersome and inconvenient for medical staff to use. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an expander with a simple operation method for locking the upper and lower blades, which makes it convenient for medical personnel to use.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An expander includes an upper blade and a lower blade rotatably connected by a pivot. The upper blade is provided with a pressing part and an upper duckbill, the pressing part and the upper duckbill being located on opposite sides of the pivot along its radial direction. The lower blade is provided with a lower duckbill, the upper duckbill and the lower duckbill being disposed opposite each other. The pressing part is provided with a first through hole, and the lower blade is provided with a second through hole. The expander further includes:

[0008] The insert rod has a first stop and a second stop spaced apart along its axial direction. The insert rod passes through the first through hole and the second through hole along its axial direction, and the second stop stops on the side of the second through hole away from the first through hole. The insert rod can rotate about its axis and give the first stop a first posture and a second posture. In the first posture, the first stop can pass through the first through hole when the upper leaf rotates relative to the lower leaf and is located on the side of the first through hole away from the second through hole. In the second posture, the first stop stops on the side of the first through hole away from the second through hole.

[0009] Preferably, the length direction of the first perforation is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the width direction of the first perforation is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft. The first stop includes a first stop plate and a second stop plate, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the insertion rod along a first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the insertion rod. The end of the first stop plate away from the insertion rod and the end of the second stop plate away from the insertion rod are spaced apart by a first distance. The first distance is less than or equal to the length of the first perforation and greater than the width of the first perforation.

[0010] Preferably, the upper leaf is provided with an abutment groove, which is located on the side of the first perforation away from the second perforation, and includes a first groove portion and a second groove portion. The first groove portion and the second groove portion are respectively located on both sides of the first perforation along its width direction, and both the first groove portion and the second groove portion are connected to the first perforation. In the second posture, the first stop plate and the second stop plate are respectively facing the first groove portion and the second groove portion.

[0011] Preferably, the second stop includes a third stop plate and a fourth stop plate, the third stop plate and the fourth stop plate are respectively disposed on both sides of the insert rod along the first direction, and the end of the third stop plate away from the insert rod and the end of the fourth stop plate away from the insert rod are spaced apart by a second distance, the second distance being greater than the length of the second through hole;

[0012] One end of the insertion rod is divided into a first rod portion and a second rod portion by a dividing groove. The first rod portion and the second rod portion are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction. The third stop plate and the fourth stop plate are respectively disposed on the first rod portion and the second rod portion.

[0013] Preferably, the lower leaf forms a first arc surface on the side opposite to the first perforation, the first arc surface bends toward the side opposite to the first perforation, and the axis of the first arc surface is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft, and the second perforation is disposed at the center of the first arc surface.

[0014] Preferably, the third stop plate forms a second arc surface along the axial direction of the insert rod away from the first stop member, and the fourth stop plate forms a third arc surface along the axial direction of the insert rod away from the first stop member. Both the second arc surface and the third arc surface are curved towards the side away from the first stop member, and the axis of the second arc surface and the axis of the third arc surface are parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft.

[0015] Preferably, the insertion rod is further provided with a third stop, which is disposed between the first stop and the second stop, and the third stop stops on the side of the second through hole facing the first through hole.

[0016] Preferably, the third stop includes a fifth stop plate and a sixth stop plate, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the insertion rod along the first direction. The end of the fifth stop plate away from the insertion rod and the end of the sixth stop plate away from the insertion rod are spaced apart by a third distance, which is greater than the length of the second through hole.

[0017] Preferably, the upper leaf is provided with a pressure arm on one side along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the pressure arm forming the pressing part, and the first through hole is provided on the pressure arm;

[0018] The lower leaf is provided with an abutment plate, which is disposed opposite to the pressure arm, and the second through hole is disposed on the abutment plate.

[0019] Preferably, the insertion rod is provided with a handle, which is located on the side of the first stop member opposite to the second stop member.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] The expander in this invention uses a rod to lock the relative positions of the upper and lower leaves, so that the vagina remains open. Specifically, medical staff only need to rotate the upper leaf relative to the lower leaf and then operate the rod to lock the relative positions of the upper and lower leaves. The whole process is simple to operate, making it convenient for medical staff to use. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of an expander with a rod inserted in a second posture in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the expander with the insert rod in the second posture in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the expander with the insert rod in the second posture in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the expander without the inserted rod in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion rod in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1. Upper leaf; 11. First perforation; 12. Abutment groove; 121. First groove; 122. Second groove; 13. Pressure arm; 14. Viewing window; 101. Upper duckbill;

[0029] 2. Lower leaf; 21. Second perforation; 22. Abutment plate; 221. First arc surface; 201. Lower duckbill;

[0030] 3. Shaft;

[0031] 4. Insert rod; 41. First stop; 411. First stop plate; 412. Second stop plate; 42. Second stop; 421. Third stop plate; 4211. Second arc surface; 422. Fourth stop plate; 4221. Third arc surface; 43. Dividing groove; 44. First rod part; 45. Second rod part; 46. Third stop; 461. Fifth stop plate; 462. Sixth stop plate; 47. Handle. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, the accompanying drawings show only the parts relevant to the present invention, not the entire structure.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper," "lower," "right," and "left," etc., refer to the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for ease of description and simplification of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for distinction in description and have no special meaning.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment provides a dilator comprising an upper leaf 1 and a lower leaf 2, which are rotatably connected by a pivot 3 to form an expansion structure. In use, medical personnel insert the dilator, with the upper leaf 1 and lower leaf 2 in a closed state, into the vagina and control the upper leaf 1 to rotate relative to the lower leaf 2, thereby opening the vagina to create a certain space. The internal condition of the vagina can then be observed through a viewing window 14 on the upper leaf 1 for diagnostic purposes.

[0037] Specifically, the upper leaf 1 is provided with a pressing part and an upper duckbill 101, which are located on both sides of the rotating shaft 3 along its radial direction, thus forming a lever structure. The lower leaf 2 is provided with a lower duckbill 201, and the upper duckbill 101 and the lower duckbill 201 are arranged opposite to each other. By pressing the pressing part, medical staff can make the upper leaf 1 rotate relative to the lower leaf 2 and open the upper duckbill 101 and the lower duckbill 201, thereby opening up a certain space in the vagina.

[0038] Based on the above, after controlling the upper leaf 1 to rotate relative to the lower leaf 2 to the preset working position to open the vagina to a certain space, the medical staff need to fix the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2 to prevent the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2 from getting close to each other due to the vagina closing, so as to facilitate subsequent diagnosis and treatment of the patient.

[0039] Therefore, in this embodiment, the pressing part is provided with a first through hole 11, the lower leaf 2 is provided with a second through hole 21, and the expander also includes a rod 4. The rod 4 is provided with a first stop 41 and a second stop 42 at intervals along its axial direction. The rod 4 passes through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 along its axial direction, and the second stop 42 stops at the side of the second through hole 21 away from the first through hole 11.

[0040] Furthermore, the insertion rod 4 can rotate around its axis, and the first stop member 41 has a first posture and a second posture. In the first posture, the first stop member 41 can pass through the first through hole 11 when the upper leaf 1 rotates relative to the lower leaf 2, and is located on the side of the first through hole 11 away from the second through hole 21. In the second posture, the first stop member 41 stops on the side of the first through hole 11 away from the second through hole 21.

[0041] Therefore, in this embodiment, insert rods 4 are inserted into the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2. When the upper duckbill 101 and the lower duckbill 201 are closed, the first stop member 41 is located between the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21, and the first stop member 41 is in a first posture. When the upper leaf 1 rotates relative to the lower leaf 2 to open the upper duckbill 101 and the lower duckbill 201, the pressing part rotates towards the lower leaf 2. When the upper leaf 1 rotates relative to the lower leaf 2 to a preset position, the upper duckbill 101 and the lower duckbill 201 open to a preset position. After the angle is adjusted, the first stop 41 passes through the first perforation 11 and is located on the side of the first perforation 11 away from the second perforation 21. Then, the insertion rod 4 rotates around its axis to switch the first stop 41 from the first posture to the second posture, thereby stopping on the side of the first perforation 11 away from the second perforation 21. At this time, with the cooperation of the first stop 41 and the second stop 42, the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2 are locked, so that the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2 can keep the vagina open.

[0042] Specifically, the first stop 41 on the insertion rod 4 has a first posture and a second posture. In the first posture, the first stop 41 can move through the first perforation 11, so that the upper leaf 1 can rotate relative to the lower leaf 2. When the upper duckbill 101 and the lower duckbill 201 are opened, the first stop 41 is switched from being located between the first perforation 11 and the second perforation 21 to being located on the side of the first perforation 11 away from the second perforation 21. Then, the medical staff manipulates the insertion rod 4 to rotate around its axis, so that the first stop 41 switches from the first posture to the second posture, so that it stops on the side of the first perforation 11 away from the second perforation 21. The first stop 41 stopping on the side of the first perforation 11 away from the second perforation 21 cooperates with the second stop 42 stopping on the side of the second perforation 21 away from the first perforation 11, thereby locking the relative position of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, so that the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2 can keep the vagina open.

[0043] Based on the above, this embodiment uses the insertion rod 4 to lock the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2 so that the vagina remains open. Specifically, medical staff only need to rotate the upper leaf 1 relative to the lower leaf 2 and then operate the insertion rod 4 to lock the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2. The whole process is simple to operate and can be convenient for medical staff to use.

[0044] Based on the above description, in this embodiment, the length direction of the first through hole 11 is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, and the width direction of the first through hole 11 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3. The first stop member 41 includes a first stop plate 411 and a second stop plate 412. The first stop plate 411 and the second stop plate 412 are respectively disposed on both sides of the insertion rod 4 along the first direction, which is perpendicular to the axial direction of the insertion rod 4. The end of the first stop plate 411 away from the insertion rod 4 and the end of the second stop plate 412 away from the insertion rod 4 are separated by a first gap. The first gap is less than the length of the first through hole 11 and greater than the width of the first through hole 11.

[0045] Therefore, in the first posture, the first direction is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 3. Since the distance between the end of the first stop plate 411 away from the insertion rod 4 and the end of the second stop plate 412 away from the insertion rod 4 is less than the length of the first through hole 11, the first stop member 41 in the first posture can pass through the first through hole 11. That is, during the opening of the upper duckbill 101 and the lower duckbill 201, the first stop member 41 can pass through the first through hole 11 and be located on the side of the first through hole 11 away from the second through hole 21.

[0046] Moreover, since the distance between the end of the first stop plate 411 away from the insertion rod 4 and the end of the second stop plate 412 away from the insertion rod 4 is greater than the width of the first perforation 11, after the medical staff manipulates the insertion rod 4 to rotate around its axis and sets the first direction at an angle to the axis of the rotating shaft 3, the first stop 41 can stop on the side of the first perforation 11 away from the second perforation 21.

[0047] It is understood that in other alternative embodiments, the first spacing may also be equal to the length of the first through hole 11, as long as the first stop 41 in the first posture can pass through the first through hole 11. This embodiment does not impose specific restrictions on this.

[0048] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second stop 42 includes a third stop plate 421 and a fourth stop plate 422. The third stop plate 421 and the fourth stop plate 422 are respectively disposed on both sides of the insertion rod 4 along the first direction. The end of the third stop plate 421 away from the insertion rod 4 and the end of the fourth stop plate 422 away from the insertion rod 4 are separated by a second distance. The second distance is greater than the length of the second through hole 21, so that the second stop 42 can stop on the side of the second through hole 21 away from the first through hole 11.

[0049] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the length direction of the second through hole 21 is also parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 3, and the width direction of the first through hole 11 is also perpendicular to the axis of the rotating shaft 3. Regardless of whether the first stop member 41 is in the first posture or the second posture, the second stop member 42 can stop the second through hole 21 on the side away from the first through hole 11.

[0050] In addition, to ensure that the insert rod 4 can be installed on the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, that is, to ensure that the insert rod 4 can pass through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21, and that the second stop 42 is located on the side of the second through hole 21 away from the first through hole 11, in this embodiment, one end of the insert rod 4 is divided into a first rod portion 44 and a second rod portion 45 by a dividing groove 43. The first rod portion 44 and the second rod portion 45 are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction. The third stop plate 421 and the fourth stop plate 422 are respectively arranged on the first rod portion 44 and the second rod portion 45. When the insert rod 4 is installed, the first rod portion 44 and the second rod portion 45 can be brought together, thereby reducing the distance between the end of the third stop plate 421 away from the insert rod 4 and the end of the fourth stop plate 422 away from the insert rod 4, so that the second stop 42 can pass smoothly through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 and is located on the side of the second through hole 21 away from the first through hole 11.

[0051] After the second stop 42 passes through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 and is located on the side of the second through hole 21 away from the first through hole 11, the first rod portion 44 and the second rod portion 45 are reset, and the distance between the end of the third stop plate 421 away from the insertion rod 4 and the end of the fourth stop plate 422 away from the insertion rod 4 is restored to equal to the second distance, so that the second stop 42 stops on the side of the second through hole 21 away from the first through hole 11.

[0052] Moreover, since the first stop 41 is switched to the second posture after the insertion rod 4 rotates around its axis, the distance between the end of the third stop plate 421 away from the insertion rod 4 and the end of the fourth stop plate 422 away from the insertion rod 4 is much greater than the width of the second through hole 21. Therefore, the second stop 42 can be stably stopped on the side of the second through hole 21 away from the first through hole 11.

[0053] Furthermore, the upper leaf 1 is provided with an abutment groove 12, which is located on the side of the first through hole 11 away from the second through hole 21, and includes two grooves, namely a first groove 121 and a second groove 122. The first groove 121 and the second groove 122 are respectively located on both sides of the first through hole 11 along its width direction, and both the first groove 121 and the second groove 122 are connected to the first through hole 11. In the second posture, the first stop plate 411 and the second stop plate 412 are directly opposite the first groove 121 and the second groove 122, respectively. That is, in this embodiment, when the upper leaf 1 is opposite to... The lower leaf 2 rotates so that the first stop 41 passes through the first perforation 11 and is located on the side of the first perforation 11 away from the second perforation 21. After this, the medical staff can manipulate the insertion rod 4 to rotate 90° around its axis, thereby switching from the first posture to the second posture. In the second posture, the first stop 41 can move into the abutment groove 12 and abut against the bottom of the abutment groove 12. The groove wall of the abutment groove 12 can restrict the first stop 41 from rotating around the axis of the insertion rod 4, thereby restricting the insertion rod 4 from resetting from the second posture to the first posture, thus ensuring that the insertion rod 4 can stably lock the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2.

[0054] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, a pressure arm 13 is provided on one side of the upper leaf 1 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3. The pressure arm 13 forms a pressing part, and a first through hole 11 is provided on the pressure arm 13. Correspondingly, a stop plate 22 is provided on the lower leaf 2. The stop plate 22 is arranged opposite to the pressure arm 13, and a second through hole 21 is provided on the stop plate 22. As such, the expander in this embodiment only provides a pressing part on one side of the upper leaf 1 along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 3, so that medical staff can operate the upper leaf 1 to rotate relative to the lower leaf 2 with only one hand. After the first stop 41 passes through the first through hole 11 and is located on the side of the first through hole 11 away from the second through hole 21, the medical staff can operate the insertion rod 4 to rotate around its axis with the other hand, which makes it more convenient for medical staff to operate.

[0055] It is understandable that after the insertion rod 4 locks the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, when the vagina closes and applies a force to close the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, for the second stop 42, one of the third stop plate 421 and the fourth stop plate 422, which is away from the pivot 3, abuts against the lower leaf 2. For example, in this embodiment, after the insertion rod 4 locks the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, when the vagina closes and applies a force to close the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, the fourth stop plate 422 abuts against the lower leaf 2. Specifically, the fourth stop plate 422 abuts against the abutting plate 22.

[0056] Therefore, in this embodiment, the lower leaf 2 forms a first arc surface 221 on the side away from the first perforation 11. The first arc surface 221 is bent toward the side away from the first perforation 11. That is, the abutment plate 22 is bent toward the side away from the first perforation 11 and forms the first arc surface 221. The axis of the first arc surface 221 is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 3. The second perforation 21 is located at the center of the first arc surface 221. This increases the contact area between the lower leaf 2 and the third stop plate 421 and the fourth stop plate 422 that is away from the rotating shaft 3 when the vagina closes and applies a force to close the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2. This further ensures that the second stop member 42 can be stably stopped on the side of the second perforation 21 away from the first perforation 11.

[0057] It is also understandable that after the insertion rod 4 locks the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, when the vagina closes and applies a force to close the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, for the first stop member 41, one of the first stop plate 411 and the second stop plate 412 that is closer to the rotating shaft 3 moves into the corresponding one of the two grooves. For example, in this embodiment, after the insertion rod 4 locks the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, when the vagina closes and applies a force to close the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2, the first stop plate 411 moves into the first groove 121 and abuts against the bottom of the first groove 121.

[0058] In addition, the third stop plate 421 forms a second arc surface 4211 on the side away from the first stop member 41 along the axial direction of the insert rod 4, and the fourth stop plate 422 forms a third arc surface 4221 on the side away from the first stop member 41 along the axial direction of the insert rod 4. Both the second arc surface 4211 and the third arc surface 4221 are bent away from the first stop member 41, and the axis of the second arc surface 4211 and the axis of the third arc surface 4221 are parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 3. The second arc surface 4211 and the third arc surface 4221 can guide the second stop member 42 to pass through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 when the insert rod 4 is installed, thereby further facilitating the smooth passage of the second stop member 42 through the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21, and positioning it on the side of the second through hole 21 away from the first through hole 11.

[0059] Furthermore, in addition to the first stop 41 and the second stop 42, the insertion rod 4 is also provided with a third stop 46. The third stop 46 is disposed between the first stop 41 and the second stop 42. The third stop 46 stops the second through hole 21 on the side facing the first through hole 11, thereby preventing the end of the insertion rod 4 away from the second stop 42 from passing through the first through hole 11 from the side of the first through hole 11 away from the second through hole 21 and moving into the space between the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21. That is, this embodiment can ensure that the insertion rod 4 is stably inserted on the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2 when the expander is not in use.

[0060] As described above, the third stop 46 includes a fifth stop plate 461 and a sixth stop plate 462. The fifth stop plate 461 and the sixth stop plate 462 are respectively disposed on both sides of the insertion rod 4 along the first direction. The end of the fifth stop plate 461 away from the insertion rod 4 and the end of the sixth stop plate 462 away from the insertion rod 4 are separated by a third distance. The third distance is greater than the length of the second perforation 21, so that the third stop 46 stops on the side of the second perforation 21 facing the first perforation 11. Moreover, after the medical staff manipulates the insertion rod 4 to rotate around its axis, the third stop 46 can also assist the first stop 41 and the second stop 42 in locking the relative positions of the upper leaf 1 and the lower leaf 2.

[0061] Additionally, it should be noted that the insertion rod 4 is equipped with a handle 47, which is located on the side of the first stop 41 opposite to the second stop 42. Medical staff can operate the insertion rod 4 through the handle 47, making the operation more convenient.

[0062] Understandably, in order to ensure that the first stop 41 is located between the first through hole 11 and the second through hole 21 when the upper duckbill 101 and the lower duckbill 201 are closed, the width of the handle 47 in the first direction is set to be less than the length of the first through hole 11. Thus, the handle 47 can be inserted into the first through hole 11 from the side of the first through hole 11 away from the second through hole 21. However, since the insertion rod 4 is provided with a third stop 46, the handle 47 will not completely pass through the first through hole 11.

[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. An expander comprising an upper blade (1) and a lower blade (2) rotatably connected by a pivot (3), the upper blade (1) being provided with a pressing part and an upper duckbill (101), the pressing part and the upper duckbill (101) being located on opposite sides of the pivot (3) along its radial direction, the lower blade (2) being provided with a lower duckbill (201), the upper duckbill (101) and the lower duckbill (201) being disposed opposite to each other, characterized in that, The pressing part is provided with a first perforation (11), the lower leaf (2) is provided with a second perforation (21), and the expander further includes: The insertion rod (4) is provided with a first stop (41) and a second stop (42) spaced apart along its axial direction. The insertion rod (4) passes through the first through hole (11) and the second through hole (21) along its axial direction, and the second stop (42) stops on the side of the second through hole (21) away from the first through hole (11). The insertion rod (4) can rotate around its axis and make the first stop (41) have a first posture and a second posture. In the first posture, the first stop (41) can pass through the first through hole (11) when the upper leaf (1) rotates relative to the lower leaf (2) and is located on the side of the first through hole (11) away from the second through hole (21). In the second posture, the first stop (41) stops on the side of the first through hole (11) away from the second through hole (21).

2. An expander according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length direction of the first through hole (11) is parallel to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3), and the width direction of the first through hole (11) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3). The first stop (41) includes a first stop plate (411) and a second stop plate (412). The first stop plate (411) and the second stop plate (412) are respectively disposed on both sides of the insertion rod (4) along a first direction. The first direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the insertion rod (4). The end of the first stop plate (411) away from the insertion rod (4) and the end of the second stop plate (412) away from the insertion rod (4) are spaced apart by a first distance. The first distance is less than or equal to the length of the first through hole (11) and greater than the width of the first through hole (11).

3. An expander according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper leaf (1) is provided with an abutment groove (12), which is located on the side of the first through hole (11) away from the second through hole (21) and includes a first groove (121) and a second groove (122). The first groove (121) and the second groove (122) are respectively located on both sides of the first through hole (11) along its width direction, and the first groove (121) and the second groove (122) are both connected to the first through hole (11). In the second posture, the first stop plate (411) and the second stop plate (412) are directly opposite the first groove (121) and the second groove (122) respectively.

4. An expander according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second stop (42) includes a third stop plate (421) and a fourth stop plate (422). The third stop plate (421) and the fourth stop plate (422) are respectively disposed on both sides of the insert rod (4) along the first direction. The end of the third stop plate (421) away from the insert rod (4) and the end of the fourth stop plate (422) away from the insert rod (4) are spaced apart by a second distance. The second distance is greater than the length of the second through hole (21). One end of the insertion rod (4) is divided into a first rod portion (44) and a second rod portion (45) by a dividing groove (43). The first rod portion (44) and the second rod portion (45) are arranged opposite to each other along the first direction. The third stop plate (421) and the fourth stop plate (422) are respectively disposed on the first rod portion (44) and the second rod portion (45).

5. An expander according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower leaf (2) forms a first arc surface (221) on the side away from the first perforation (11). The first arc surface (221) is curved toward the side away from the first perforation (11), and the axis of the first arc surface (221) is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft (3). The second perforation (21) is located at the center of the first arc surface (221).

6. An expander according to claim 4, characterized in that, The third stop plate (421) forms a second arc surface (4211) on the side away from the first stop member (41) along the axial direction of the insert rod (4), and the fourth stop plate (422) forms a third arc surface (4221) on the side away from the first stop member (41) along the axial direction of the insert rod (4). Both the second arc surface (4211) and the third arc surface (4221) are curved away from the first stop member (41), and the axis of the second arc surface (4211) and the axis of the third arc surface (4221) are parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft (3).

7. An expander according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insertion rod (4) is also provided with a third stop (46), which is located between the first stop (41) and the second stop (42), and the third stop (46) stops the second through hole (21) on the side facing the first through hole (11).

8. An expander according to claim 7, characterized in that, The third stop (46) includes a fifth stop plate (461) and a sixth stop plate (462). The fifth stop plate (461) and the sixth stop plate (462) are respectively disposed on both sides of the insert rod (4) along the first direction. The end of the fifth stop plate (461) away from the insert rod (4) and the end of the sixth stop plate (462) away from the insert rod (4) are separated by a third distance. The third distance is greater than the length of the second through hole (21).

9. An expander according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper leaf (1) is provided with a pressure arm (13) on one side along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (3), the pressure arm (13) forms the pressing part, and the first through hole (11) is provided on the pressure arm (13); The lower leaf (2) is provided with an abutment plate (22), which is disposed opposite to the pressure arm (13), and the second through hole (21) is disposed on the abutment plate (22).

10. An expander according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insertion rod (4) is provided with a handle (47), which is located on the side of the first stop (41) away from the second stop (42).

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