Battery quick-changing structure for engineering machinery

Abstract

The utility model relates to a battery quick-changing structure for engineering machinery, which comprises an auxiliary frame fixed on a frame of the engineering machinery and a battery pack frame detachably mounted on the auxiliary frame, and a plurality of battery packs are integrated in the battery pack frame. A transfer device for transferring the battery pack frame is arranged on the outer side of the battery pack frame, and a plurality of battery packs in the battery pack frame are arranged in at least two rows in the longitudinal direction of the engineering machinery, so that the maximum size of the battery pack frame in the length direction and / or the width direction is larger than the maximum size of the battery pack frame in the height direction; wherein the auxiliary frame and the battery pack frame comprise positioning devices which are matched with each other and are used for positioning the battery pack frame on the auxiliary frame; the auxiliary frame and the battery pack frame comprise locking devices matched with each other, and the locking devices are used for locking the battery pack frame to the auxiliary frame in the middle or at the position above the middle of the vertical height of the battery pack frame. The utility model further relates to engineering machinery comprising the battery quick-changing structure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of engineering machinery, and specifically relates to a battery quick-change structure for engineering machinery. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, the new energy market is developing rapidly, engineering machinery is gradually moving towards electrification, and market demand is increasing year by year. However, due to the development of batteries, the current engineering machinery has various restrictions on charging speed and endurance time. For continuous operation conditions, engineering machinery has a more obvious short board, so the battery quick-change of engineering machinery is a good solution for continuous operation demand.

[0003] The current engineering machinery battery replacement structure mostly imitates the placement of a square battery pack frame at the rear of a commercial vehicle. It not only has a relatively bulky appearance, but also has an unreasonable center of gravity position, affecting the driving experience, and the battery pack frame is generally very high, causing serious obstruction to the driver's rear view. In addition, the battery pack frame is mostly locked to the engineering machinery only at the bottom, and the reliability is poor when working in harsh conditions, and the problem of locking failure is prone to occur.

[0004] Therefore, in the field of engineering machinery, a new type of battery quick-change structure is needed to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art. UTILITY MODEL CONTENTS

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a new type of battery quick-change structure for engineering machinery, which overcomes the problem of obstruction of the driver's rear view by the battery pack frame and can more stably install the battery pack frame on the engineering machinery.

[0006] Another object of the utility model is to provide an engineering machinery comprising the above-mentioned battery quick-change structure.

[0007] To this end, the utility model proposes the following technical solutions:

[0008] A battery quick-change structure for a working machine, characterized in that the battery quick-change structure comprises a sub-frame fixed to a frame of the working machine, and a battery pack frame detachably mounted on the sub-frame, a plurality of battery packs being integrated in the battery pack frame, a transfer device for transferring the battery pack frame being provided on an outer side of the battery pack frame, wherein the plurality of battery packs in the battery pack frame are arranged in at least two rows in a longitudinal direction of the working machine, so that a maximum dimension of the battery pack frame in a length direction and / or a width direction is greater than a maximum dimension in a height direction; wherein the sub-frame and the battery pack frame comprise mutually cooperating positioning devices for positioning the battery pack frame on the sub-frame; and wherein the sub-frame and the battery pack frame comprise mutually cooperating locking devices for locking the battery pack frame to the sub-frame at a middle portion or above in a vertical height of the battery pack frame.

[0009] According to an aspect of the present application, in a travel direction of the working machine, the sub-frame comprises a front apron extending in a transverse direction of the working machine at a front end thereof, a rear apron extending in the transverse direction of the working machine at a rear end thereof, and a bottom plate extending between the front apron and the rear apron, wherein the locking devices comprise sub-frame end locking devices provided at upper ends of the front apron and / or the rear apron, and battery pack frame end locking devices provided on an outer side of the battery pack frame, wherein the battery pack frame end locking devices are located at a middle portion or above in a vertical height of the battery pack frame.

[0010] According to an aspect of the present application, the sub-frame end locking devices comprise first locking blocks with first locking holes, and a motor carrying a locking pin, the battery pack frame end locking devices comprise second locking blocks with second locking holes, and the locking pin can be inserted into the first locking holes and the second locking holes by operation of the motor to achieve locking.

[0011] According to an aspect of the present application, the second locking blocks further comprise a clamping groove for clamping at the upper ends of the front apron and / or the rear apron.

[0012] According to an aspect of the present application, the positioning devices on the sub-frame comprise at least one coarse positioning pin and at least one fine positioning pin provided on a top surface of the sub-frame, the positioning devices on the battery pack frame comprise at least one coarse positioning hole and at least one fine positioning hole provided on a bottom surface of the battery pack frame, the coarse positioning pin can cooperate with the coarse positioning hole, and the fine positioning pin can cooperate with the fine positioning hole, for positioning the battery pack frame on the top surface of the sub-frame.

[0013] According to one aspect of the utility model, high pressure box and cooling unit are also integrated in the battery pack frame, the high pressure box controls the charging and discharging of the multiple battery packs, and the high pressure box includes an interface for supplying power to the cooling unit, and the cooling unit is used for providing cooling for the multiple battery packs.

[0014] According to one aspect of the utility model, the height of the first row of battery packs in the battery pack frame is greater than the height of the second row of battery packs, and the high pressure box and / or the cooling unit are arranged above the second row of battery packs.

[0015] According to one aspect of the utility model, the transfer device of the battery pack frame includes at least two forklift holes provided on the outer side of the battery pack frame, the forklift holes are intended to engage the tines of a forklift so as to transfer the battery pack frame by the forklift.

[0016] According to one aspect of the utility model, the battery quick change structure includes a battery change connector, the battery change connector includes a battery pack frame end battery change connector located at the bottom of the battery pack frame and a subframe end battery change connector located on the top surface of the subframe, the battery pack frame end battery change connector and the subframe end battery change connector are both quick plug type electrical connectors and are electrically connected in a floating manner by means of elastic devices.

[0017] The utility model also relates to an engineering machine, characterized in that the engineering machine comprises a battery quick change structure for engineering machines according to one of the above aspects.

[0018] The utility model is suitable for various engineering machines, such as loaders, excavators, cranes and the like, but is not limited thereto.

[0019] Thanks to the above technical solutions, the utility model can produce at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0020] 1) The utility model arranges the multiple battery packs in the battery pack frame in at least two rows along the longitudinal direction of the engineering machine, so that the maximum dimension of the battery pack frame in the length direction and / or the width direction is greater than the maximum dimension in the height direction, thus effectively reducing the overall height of the battery pack frame, ensuring a relatively reasonable center of gravity distribution and overcoming the problem of the battery pack frame blocking the driver's rear view;

[0021] 2) The utility model sets the positioning devices that cooperate with each other on the subframe and the battery pack frame, thus ensuring good positioning of the battery pack frame on the subframe and reducing the influence of the shaking and vibration of the engineering machine during operation on the position of the battery pack frame;

[0022] 3)The locking device of the battery pack frame is arranged at the middle or above the vertical height of the battery pack frame, so it is more stable and reliable than the bottom locking scheme of the battery pack frame;

[0023] 4)The locking device of the utility model adopts the form that the locking pin operated by the motor matches with the locking hole, which is simple to manufacture and convenient to operate, and helps to speed up the battery replacement while ensuring firm locking;

[0024] 5)The front baffle and the rear baffle respectively located at the front end and the rear end of the auxiliary frame further provide limiting and fixing effects for the battery pack frame, so as to help the stability of the battery pack frame;

[0025] 6)The battery pack frame of the utility model is equipped with a high-voltage box and a cooling unit, and the charging and discharging of the plurality of battery packs are controlled by the high-voltage box, so the intervention of the vehicle controller (VCU) is not needed, and the high-voltage box includes an interface for supplying power to the cooling unit, so the plurality of battery packs can be provided with autonomous cooling;

[0026] 7)The forklift hole is arranged on the outer side of the battery pack frame to engage with the forklift for transfer, which is simple to manufacture and convenient to operate, and helps to improve the battery replacement efficiency; and

[0027] 8)The battery pack frame end battery replacement connector and the auxiliary frame end battery replacement connector are both quick plug-in type electrical connectors, and are electrically connected in a floating manner with the help of elastic devices, so the quick and stable electrical connection between the battery pack frame and the engineering machinery can be realized. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the battery quick replacement structure for engineering machinery according to the utility model mounted at the rear of the engineering machinery;

[0029] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a schematic perspective view of the auxiliary frame in the battery quick replacement structure shown in

[0030] Figure 3 is Figure 1 a schematic perspective view of the battery replacement connector in the battery quick replacement structure shown in

[0031] Figure 4 is Figure 1 a schematic perspective view of the locking device in the battery quick replacement structure shown in

[0032] Figure 5 is Figure 1 a schematic perspective view of the locking device in the battery quick replacement structure shown in

[0033] In the drawings, the same or similar components or devices are denoted by the same reference signs. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions of the utility model will be described in detail below in connection with the embodiments shown in the drawings. The description is given by way of example only and does not limit the utility model.

[0035] In the present specification, for the purpose of convenient description and in connection with the drawings, the advancing direction in which the engineering machinery usually operates is referred to as "front", the direction away from the advancing direction of the engineering machinery is referred to as "rear", the horizontal direction parallel to the driving direction of the engineering machinery is referred to as "longitudinal direction", the horizontal direction perpendicular to the "longitudinal direction" is referred to as "transverse direction", the upward direction along the vertical direction is referred to as "up" or "top", and the downward direction along the vertical direction is referred to as "down" or "bottom". However, these directional terms do not limit the utility model.

[0036] Referring to Figure 1 A schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the battery quick-change structure for engineering machinery according to the utility model mounted at the rear of the engineering machinery is shown. The battery quick-change structure comprises a sub-frame 1 fixed on the frame 3 of the engineering machinery, and a battery pack frame 2 detachably mounted on the sub-frame 1. A plurality of battery packs 21 are integrated in the battery pack frame 2, which are arranged in at least two rows in the longitudinal direction of the engineering machinery, so that the maximum dimension of the battery pack frame 2 in the length direction and / or the width direction is greater than the maximum dimension in the height direction. Here, the length direction of the battery pack frame refers to the horizontal direction along the longitudinal direction of the engineering machinery, the width direction of the battery pack frame refers to the horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the height direction of the battery pack frame refers to the vertical direction perpendicular to the ground.

[0037] Compared with the battery pack frame which is usually very high in the prior art, the battery pack arrangement of the utility model can significantly reduce the overall height of the battery pack frame, solving the problem of blocking the driver's rear view by the battery pack frame. At the same time, due to the downward and rearward shift of the center of gravity of the battery pack frame, a relatively reasonable center of gravity distribution is ensured, and the stability of the battery pack frame on its supporting structure, such as the sub-frame, is improved.

[0038] As Figure 1As shown, a high voltage box 22 and a cooling unit 23 are also integrated in the battery pack frame 2. The high voltage box 22 is electrically connected to the plurality of battery packs 21 and the cooling unit 23 respectively to control their operation. Specifically, the high voltage box 22 is capable of independently controlling the charging and discharging of the plurality of battery packs 21, thus without the intervention of the vehicle controller unit (VCU). In addition, the high voltage box 22 comprises an interface to supply power to the cooling unit 23, and can internally incorporate a DC-DC converter to supply low voltage power to the water pump and the fan, whereby the cooling unit 23 is capable of providing autonomous cooling to the plurality of battery packs 21.

[0039] In Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the plurality of battery packs 21 are arranged in two rows along the longitudinal direction of the construction machine, with the row located in front in the advancing direction of the construction machine being referred to as the first row and the row located in the rear being referred to as the second row, with the height of the first row being greater than the height of the second row, thereby forming a stepped arrangement. The high voltage box 22 is arranged in the second row alongside the battery packs, and the cooling unit 23 is arranged in the space above the second row. It should be noted that this arrangement of the plurality of battery packs is not unique and limiting, for example the first and second rows can be arranged at the same height; similarly, this arrangement of the high voltage box and the cooling unit is not unique and limiting, they can be arranged in the battery pack frame in any spatially compatible manner with the plurality of battery packs, as long as the maximum dimension of the resulting battery pack frame in the length direction and / or the width direction is greater than the maximum dimension in the height direction.

[0040] It should be noted here that, Figure 1 For the sake of clarity, only part of the battery pack frame is shown in the figures, it is obvious that there are corresponding frames around the cooling unit as well, and the entire battery pack frame is typically enclosed by an outer wall / shell (not shown) to protect the internal components. The maximum dimension of the battery pack frame referred to in this application refers to the maximum dimension of the finished battery pack frame after being enclosed.

[0041] For the purpose of battery replacement, a transfer device for transferring the battery pack frame 2 is provided on the outer side of the battery pack frame 2. In Figure 1 In the illustrated embodiment, the transfer device comprises two forklift holes 24 provided on the rear side of the battery pack frame 2, which are formed by two hollow rectangular tubes fixed on the battery pack frame 2. When battery replacement is required, the tines of a forklift are engaged in the forklift holes to transfer the battery pack frame to the corresponding location.

[0042] Although the forklift holes 24 are provided on the rear side of the battery pack frame 2, it is obvious that the forklift holes can also be provided on other sides of the battery pack frame as long as they can be engaged by the tines of a forklift.

[0043] In addition to the embodiments of the transport device shown above, other forms of transport device can be envisaged by those skilled in the art. For example, at least one lifting ring can be provided on the top of the battery pack frame, so that when battery replacement is required, the battery pack frame can be lifted by a crane and transported to the corresponding location. Figure 1 In addition to the embodiments of the transport device shown above, other forms of transport device can be envisaged by those skilled in the art. For example, at least one lifting ring can be provided on the top of the battery pack frame, so that when battery replacement is required, the battery pack frame can be lifted by a crane and transported to the corresponding location.

[0044] Figure 2 is Figure 1 A schematic perspective view of the subframe in the battery quick replacement structure shown above. As shown in Figure 2 In the direction of travel of the engineering machine, the subframe 1 comprises a front apron 11 extending in the transverse direction of the engineering machine at the front end thereof, a rear apron 12 extending in the transverse direction of the engineering machine at the rear end thereof, and a bottom plate 13 extending between the front apron 11 and the rear apron 12. The front apron and the rear apron provide certain limiting and fixing effects for the battery pack frame, which helps to improve the stability of the battery pack frame.

[0045] The subframe 1 and the battery pack frame 2 comprise mutually cooperating positioning devices for positioning the battery pack frame 2 on the subframe 1. As shown in Figure 2 The positioning device on the subframe 1 comprises at least one coarse positioning pin 14 and at least one fine positioning pin 15 provided on the top surface of the bottom plate 13 of the subframe 1, here four coarse positioning pins 14 and four fine positioning pins 15, although the number can be changed. The coarse positioning pin 14 has a lower positioning accuracy and can take the form of, for example, a simple cylindrical pin or a prismatic pin. The fine positioning pin 15 has a higher positioning accuracy and can take the form of, for example, a conical pin, which achieves precise positioning through the self-locking property of the taper and high-precision cooperation.

[0046] Corresponding to the positioning device on the subframe 1, the positioning device on the battery pack frame 2 comprises at least one coarse positioning hole and at least one fine positioning hole (not shown in the figure) provided on the bottom surface of the battery pack frame 2. The coarse positioning pin can cooperate with the coarse positioning hole, and the fine positioning pin can cooperate with the fine positioning hole, for positioning the battery pack frame 2 on the top surface of the subframe 1.

[0047] Figure 2 It is also shown in Figure 1) and bolts 17. Each damping pad 16 comprises an upper pad and a lower pad (not shown) above and below the subframe 1, which have a hole in the center. When connected, the bolts 17 pass through the upper pad, the connecting hole in the subframe 1, the lower pad and the connecting hole in the frame 3 in turn from top to bottom, and then the bolts 17 are tightened with nuts. In this way, while achieving the connection of the subframe and the frame, the damping effect of the subframe can be achieved.

[0048] In order to realize the electrical connection between the battery pack frame and the engineering machinery, the battery quick change structure according to the utility model comprises a battery change connector. Figure 3 Figure 1 The battery change connector in the battery quick change structure is shown in the schematic perspective view. The battery change connector 4 comprises a battery pack frame end battery change connector 41 located at the bottom of the battery pack frame 2, and a subframe end battery change connector 42 located on the top surface of the subframe 1. For the sake of clarity, the battery pack frame end battery change connector 41 is shown separately here, and the illustration of its installation and connection on the bottom of the battery pack frame 2 is omitted.

[0049] The battery pack frame end battery change connector 41 and the subframe end battery change connector 42 are both quick plug-in electrical connectors. For example, the battery pack frame end battery change connector 41 adopts the form of an electrical socket, and the subframe end battery change connector 42 adopts the form of an electrical plug, or vice versa. In addition, a resilient device 43 is provided between the subframe end battery change connector 42 and the subframe 1, which is in the form of a plurality of coil springs, for example, so that the battery pack frame end battery change connector 41 and the subframe end battery change connector 42 are connected in a floating manner, and in particular are pressed against and plugged together under the action of the elastic force of the resilient device 43. In this way, various installation errors between the battery pack frame and the engineering machinery and various working conditions can be adapted, the stability of the electrical connection between the battery pack frame and the engineering machinery is improved, the situation of poor contact between the two is avoided, and stable power supply to the engineering machinery is ensured.

[0050] Although Figure 3 Although the embodiment in which the resilient device is provided between the subframe end battery change connector and the subframe is shown, it is obvious that those skilled in the art can also envisage that the resilient device is provided between the battery pack frame end battery change connector and the battery pack frame, or resilient devices are provided between the subframe end battery change connector and the subframe and between the battery pack frame end battery change connector and the battery pack frame.

[0051] According to the utility model, the subframe and the battery pack frame comprise locking devices that cooperate with each other, for locking the battery pack frame to the subframe at a position at or above the middle of the vertical height of the battery pack frame, so that the locking scheme is more stable and reliable than the bottom locking scheme of the battery pack frame.​Figure 1 The above-mentioned locking device 6 is shown in the following figures. Specifically, the locking device includes sub-frame end locking devices provided at the upper ends of the front and / or rear aprons, and a battery pack frame end locking device provided on the outer side of the battery pack frame.

[0052] In the embodiment shown in the drawings, particularly as shown in Figure 2 The sub-frame end locking device includes a first locking block 61 having a first locking hole. There are four first locking blocks 61, one on each of the lateral sides of the upper ends of the front and rear aprons 11 and 12. A person skilled in the art can also envisage a greater or smaller number of first locking blocks, and their position can also be changed, for example, to any position between the lateral sides of the upper ends of the front and / or rear aprons. The first locking blocks 61 can be welded to the front and rear aprons 11 and 12, or integrally fixed thereto in other known forms.

[0053] Figure 4 and 5 is Figure 1 The battery quick-change structure shown in the figures is a schematic perspective view of the locking device, in which the above-mentioned sub-frame end locking device and battery pack frame end locking device are clearly shown, as well as their cooperation. Similar to the sub-frame end locking device, the battery pack frame end locking device shown in the figure includes a second locking block 62 having a second locking hole, which can be welded to or integrally fixed to the lateral sides of the front and rear of the battery pack frame 2 in other known forms. The number and position of the second locking block 62 correspond to the first locking block 61, so that the two are aligned with each other.

[0054] In addition to the first locking block 61, the sub-frame end locking device also includes a motor 63 provided near each of the sub-frame end locking devices 61, and a locking pin 64 movably fixed to the motor 63. When it is necessary to lock the battery pack frame 2, the motor 63 can be actuated to drive the locking pin 64 into the first and second locking holes, thereby achieving locking. The motor 63 can be a hydraulic motor or an electric motor, but is not limited thereto.

[0055] To further facilitate the locking of the battery pack frame, the second locking block 62 located on the battery pack frame 2 also includes a clamping groove 65, as shown in Figure 4 The shape and position of the clamping groove 65 are designed such that when the battery pack frame 2 is correctly positioned on the sub-frame 1, the clamping groove 65 is clamped on the front and rear aprons 11 and 12, thereby ensuring good positioning and alignment.

[0056] Besides the locking device shown in the drawings, other forms of locking device can be conceived by those skilled in the art. For example, a locking rod can be provided on the battery pack frame, a receiving component with an opening can be provided on the subframe, and a pivotable locking component with an opening can be provided. When the battery pack frame is positioned on the subframe, the locking rod is received in the opening of the receiving component, and the locking component is driven by a motor also located on the subframe to perform a pivoting movement to enclose the locking rod, thereby locking the locking rod and in turn the battery pack frame on the subframe.

[0057] In fact, as long as the locking device can be locked at a position at or above the middle of the vertical height of the battery pack frame, regardless of its form, it is within the scope of the utility model.

[0058] The utility model also relates to an engineering machine tool which comprises the above-mentioned battery quick-change structure for engineering machine tool.

[0059] When the battery is changed using the battery quick-change structure for engineering machine tool according to the embodiment shown in the drawings, the operation process can be as follows:

[0060] First, the motor on the subframe of the engineering machine tool which needs to change the battery is operated to control the locking pin to be pulled out of the first and second locking holes, thereby unlocking the battery pack frame from the subframe;

[0061] Second, the forklift is driven to the vicinity of the battery pack frame, the tines are inserted into the forklift holes on the battery pack frame, and the whole battery pack frame is lifted up and moved to, for example, a charging station, where the forklift releases the battery pack frame to the charging position for charging;

[0062] Third, the forklift inserts the tines into the forklift holes of another battery pack frame which has been fully charged, lifts up and moves the battery pack frame to the subframe of the engineering machine tool, and then slowly lowers the battery pack frame onto the top surface of the subframe, during which the coarse positioning pin is aligned with the coarse positioning hole, the fine positioning pin is aligned with the fine positioning hole, and the battery change connector is electrically connected to each other, and the first and second locking holes are aligned with each other;

[0063] Fourth, the motor on the subframe is operated to control the locking pin to be inserted into the aligned first and second locking holes, thereby locking the battery pack frame to the subframe.

[0064] Although the utility model has been disclosed as above with preferred embodiments, the utility model is not limited thereto. Any modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model, therefore the protection scope of the utility model shall be subject to the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A battery quick change structure for a working machine, characterized by, The battery quick-change structure comprises a sub-frame (1) fixed to a vehicle frame (3) of the engineering machine, and a battery pack frame (2) detachably mounted on the sub-frame (1), a plurality of battery packs (21) being integrated in the battery pack frame (2), a transfer device for transferring the battery pack frame (2) being arranged on the outer side of the battery pack frame (2), wherein the plurality of battery packs (21) in the battery pack frame (2) are arranged in at least two rows along the longitudinal direction of the engineering machine, so that the maximum dimension of the battery pack frame (2) in the length direction and / or the width direction is greater than the maximum dimension in the height direction; wherein the sub-frame (1) and the battery pack frame (2) comprise mutually cooperating positioning devices for positioning the battery pack frame (2) on the sub-frame (1); and wherein the sub-frame (1) and the battery pack frame (2) comprise mutually cooperating locking devices for locking the battery pack frame (2) to the sub-frame (1) at a position at or above the middle of the vertical height of the battery pack frame (2).

2. A battery quick change arrangement for a working machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the direction of travel of the engineering machine, the sub-frame (1) comprises a front apron (11) extending in the transverse direction of the engineering machine at the front end thereof, a rear apron (12) extending in the transverse direction of the engineering machine at the rear end thereof, and a bottom plate (13) extending between the front apron (11) and the rear apron (12), wherein the locking devices comprise sub-frame end locking devices arranged at the upper end of the front apron (11) and / or the rear apron (12), and battery pack frame end locking devices arranged on the outer side of the battery pack frame (2), wherein the battery pack frame end locking devices are located at a position at or above the middle of the vertical height of the battery pack frame (2).

3. A battery quick change arrangement for a working machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sub-frame end locking devices comprise a first locking block (61) with a first locking hole, and a motor (63) carrying a locking pin (64), the battery pack frame end locking devices comprise a second locking block (62) with a second locking hole, and the locking pin (64) can be inserted into the first locking hole and the second locking hole by operation of the motor (63) to achieve locking.

4. A battery quick change arrangement for a working machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second locking block (62) further comprises a clamping groove (65) for clamping at the upper end of the front apron (11) and / or the rear apron (12).

5. A battery quick change arrangement for a working machine according to any of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that, The positioning devices on the sub-frame (1) comprise at least one coarse positioning pin (14) and at least one fine positioning pin (15) arranged on the top surface of the sub-frame (1), and the positioning devices on the battery pack frame (2) comprise at least one coarse positioning hole and at least one fine positioning hole arranged on the bottom surface of the battery pack frame (2), the coarse positioning pin (14) can cooperate with the coarse positioning hole, and the fine positioning pin (15) can cooperate with the fine positioning hole, for positioning the battery pack frame (2) on the top surface of the sub-frame (1).

6. A battery quick change arrangement for a working machine according to any of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that, The battery pack frame (2) further integrates a high-voltage box (22) and a cooling unit (23), the high-voltage box (22) controls the charging and discharging of the plurality of battery packs (21), and the high-voltage box (22) includes an interface for powering the cooling unit (23), and the cooling unit (23) is used to provide cooling for the plurality of battery packs (21).

7. A battery quick change arrangement for a working machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The height of the first row of battery packs in the battery pack frame (2) is greater than the height of the second row of battery packs, and the high-voltage box (22) and / or the cooling unit (23) are arranged above the second row of battery packs.

8. A battery quick change arrangement for a working machine according to any of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that, The transfer device of the battery pack frame (2) includes at least two forklift holes (24) provided on the outer side of the battery pack frame (2), the forklift holes (24) are designed to engage the tines of a forklift so as to transfer the battery pack frame (2) by the forklift.

9. A battery quick change arrangement for a working machine according to any of claims 1 - 4, characterized in that, The battery quick-change structure includes a battery change connector (4), the battery change connector (4) includes a battery pack frame end battery change connector (41) located at the bottom of the battery pack frame (2), and a sub-frame end battery change connector (42) located on the top surface of the sub-frame (1), the battery pack frame end battery change connector (41) and the sub-frame end battery change connector (42) are both quick-plug type electrical connectors, and are electrically connected in a floating manner by means of elastic devices (43).

10. A working machine, characterized in that The engineering machinery includes the battery quick-change structure for engineering machinery according to any one of the preceding claims 1-9. The engineering machinery includes the battery quick-change structure for engineering machinery according to any one of the preceding claims 1-9.

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