Coal gasification device of circulating fluidized bed coupled fixed bed
By using a coupling device between a circulating fluidized bed and a fixed bed, fly ash is shaped and processed to serve as raw material for a fixed bed gasifier. This solves the problem of fly ash utilization in circulating fluidized beds, improves carbon conversion rate, reduces production costs, and realizes the resource utilization of fly ash and the treatment of tar phenol water.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
The fly ash generated during the circulating fluidized bed gasification process is difficult to utilize effectively, leading to resource waste and increased production costs. Meanwhile, the treatment of tar and phenolic water during the fixed bed gasification process is difficult.
The fly ash produced by the circulating fluidized bed gasifier is shaped and processed with pulverized coal, water and binder, and then used as raw material for the fixed bed gasifier. Through the coupling of the circulating fluidized bed and the fixed bed, the fly ash is utilized as a resource and the carbon in the coal is converted into coal gas.
It significantly improved the carbon conversion rate, enabled the batch, resource-based, and harmless treatment of fly ash, reduced production costs, and solved the problems of tar and phenolic water treatment in fixed-bed gasifiers.
Smart Images
Figure CN224047295U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model belongs to coal gasification technical field, especially relate to a circulating fluidized bed coupling fixed bed's coal gasification device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Coal gasification is an important part of clean coal utilization technology, and how to clean and efficient use of abundant coal resources is an urgent problem to be solved.
[0003] At present, the coal gasification technology is relatively mature and the coal gasification process widely used mainly has the following kinds:
[0004] (1) fixed bed gasification technology: tar and phenolic water will be produced in the gasification process;
[0005] (2) gas flow bed gasification technology: the technology has the disadvantages of large device, difficult to realize miniaturization, difficult to run at high temperature, etc., and is mainly applied in large chemical industry.
[0006] (3) fluidized bed gasification technology: the technology has the advantages of low gasification temperature, high activity of coal, gasification of fine particle coal, and no tar, phenolic water, etc. in the out-of-furnace coal gas. Compared with the atmospheric fixed bed gasification furnace, the production capacity of a single furnace is large, and the gasification furnace structure is simple.
[0007] (4) circulating fluidized bed gasification technology: the technology has the outstanding advantages of wide fuel adaptability, high combustion efficiency, low nitrogen oxide emission, large load regulation ratio, fast load regulation, small device and easy industrialization. Moreover, there is no tar and phenolic water in the gasification process.
[0008] However, the fly ash produced in the circulating fluidized bed gasification process is a solid waste, which has the characteristics of ultra-fine particle size, high ash content and difficult ignition and burning, and the conventional combustion technology is difficult to utilize. Usually, only the gasification fly ash can be mixed into the pulverized coal furnace or the special residual carbon boiler is used for treatment, and the gasification fly ash has the defects of small treatment amount, large investment of the special residual carbon boiler, and the carbon in the fly ash will be converted into unnecessary steam after combustion.
[0009] The circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace usually uses coal as the main fuel, and the coal mixed with air after combustion in the furnace forms ash. Part of the ash is discharged from the bottom of the furnace, which is called bottom slag, and its typical particle size is greater than 500um, and the remaining part of the ash flies out of the furnace into the separator, and the ash particles smaller than the cutting particle size d99 fly out of the separator into the tail flue, and then are captured by the dust collector, which is called fly ash. The carbon content in the fly ash reaches 40-60%. The carbon in the fly ash cannot be effectively utilized, which will cause great waste of resources and increase of production operation cost. SUMMARY
[0010] The utility model wants to solve the technical problem to provide a coal gasification device of circulating fluidized bed coupling fixed bed, solves circulating fluidized bed fly ash problem, makes carbon in coal into coal gas most simultaneously, realizes clean efficient use of fly ash, and remarkablely promotes carbon conversion rate.
[0011] In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme realization:
[0012] A coal gasification device of circulating fluidized bed coupling fixed bed, including circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace, circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace is connected air preheater, waste heat boiler, cyclone dust collector, coal economizer, cloth bag dust collector, coal gas cooler in proper order, and the fly ash outlet of cyclone dust collector and cloth bag dust collector bottom is connected with ash bin, and ash bin is connected with fly ash forming device, and fly ash forming device is connected with fixed bed gasification furnace, and the coal gas outlet of coal gas cooler is connected with coal gas output pipe, and the coal gas outlet of fixed bed gasification furnace is connected with auxiliary coal gas pipe, and auxiliary coal gas pipe is connected with coal gas output pipe, or auxiliary coal gas pipe is connected to the upper reduction zone of circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace.
[0013] The feed inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace is connected with the coal bin.
[0014] The circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace includes hearth and cyclone separator.
[0015] The fly ash forming device is provided with an auxiliary material feeding port.
[0016] The fly ash forming device is a roller press.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of:
[0018] The circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace and the fixed bed gasification furnace are coupled, the fly ash generated in the gasification process of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace is formed after being treated with coal powder, water and binder, and is used as raw material of the fixed bed gasification furnace to produce coal gas.
[0019] The fly ash formed after being treated without tar and phenolic water is used as raw material of the fixed bed gasification furnace, which solves the problem of difficulty in processing a large amount of tar and phenolic water in the gasification process of the conventional fixed bed gasification furnace. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0020] Fig. 1 It is the structure schematic view of the embodiment 1 of the utility model.
[0021] Fig. 2 It is the structure schematic view of the embodiment 2 of the utility model.
[0022] In the figure: 1, circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace; 2, air preheater; 3, waste heat boiler; 4, cyclone dust collector; 5, coal economizer; 6, bag dust collector; 7, coal gas cooler; 8, ash bin; 9, fly ash forming device; 10, fixed bed gasification furnace; 11, coal gas output pipe; 12, auxiliary gas pipe; 13, auxiliary material feeding port; 14, coal bin; 15, hearth; 16, cyclone separator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In the description of the utility model, it needs to be understood that, the term "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" and the like can be explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.
[0024] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For ordinary skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the utility model can be understood through specific circumstances.
[0025] As Figs. 1-2 A circulating fluidized bed coupled fixed bed coal gasification device, comprising a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 is connected in turn air preheater 2, waste heat boiler 3, cyclone dust collector 4, coal economizer 5, bag dust collector 6, coal gas cooler 7, the fly ash outlet at the bottom of cyclone dust collector 4 and bag dust collector 6 is connected with ash bin 8, ash bin 8 is connected with fly ash forming device 9, fly ash forming device 9 is connected with fixed bed gasification furnace 10, the coal gas outlet of coal gas cooler 7 is connected with coal gas output pipe 11, the coal gas outlet of fixed bed gasification furnace 10 is connected with auxiliary gas pipe 12, auxiliary gas pipe 12 is connected with coal gas output pipe 11, or auxiliary gas pipe 12 is connected to the upper reduction zone of circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1.
[0026] The feed inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 is connected with the coal bin 14.
[0027] The circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 comprises a hearth 15 and a cyclone separator 16.
[0028] The fly ash forming device 9 is provided with an auxiliary material feeding port 13.
[0029] The fly ash forming device 9 is a roller press.
[0030] Working process: The raw coal is transported to the coal bunker 14 by the coal feeding system after being crushed and screened, the raw coal is added from the lower part of the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, and a gasification reaction occurs with the gasification agent composed of air and steam at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, the gas-solid mixture of the coal gas and semi-coke discharged from the top of the hearth of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 is separated by the high-temperature cyclone separator 16, the high-temperature coal gas sequentially passes through the air preheater 2 and the waste heat boiler 3 to recover waste heat, the air preheater 2 preheats the normal-temperature air and saturated steam to 650 DEG C, the waste heat boiler 3 produces saturated steam as by-product, part of which is used as the gasification agent, and the remaining steam is used as external supply, the high-temperature coal gas is cooled and dedusted by the cyclone dust collector 4, the economizer 5 and the bag dust collector 6 to obtain the main coal gas, the fly ash generated by the cyclone dust collector 4 and the bag dust collector 6 is transported by gas force into the ash bunker 8, the fly ash output by the ash bunker 8 is mixed with coal powder, water and adhesive by the fly ash forming device 9, and then is sent to the fixed bed gasification furnace 10 as the gasification raw material to obtain the by-product coal gas.
[0031] When the by-product coal gas pipe 12 is connected with the coal gas output pipe 11, the coal gas produced by the fixed bed gasification furnace 10 is combined with the coal gas produced by the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 to become the final product coal gas for external supply.
[0032] When the by-product coal gas pipe 12 is connected to the upper reduction zone of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, the coal gas produced by the fixed bed gasification furnace 10 is high-temperature reformed by the high carbon concentration of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, and the coal gas produced by the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 becomes the final product coal gas for external supply.
[0033] After the fly ash is gasified by the fixed bed gasification furnace, the bottom slag produced has a carbon content of 1-3%, and can be directly used as building materials for comprehensive utilization. This process improves the carbon conversion rate, and most of the carbon in the coal is converted into coal gas, solving the problem of fly ash in the circulating fluidized bed gasification. Since the fly ash does not contain tar and phenol water, the problem of tar and phenol water in the gasification process of the fixed bed gasification furnace is also solved, realizing the batch, resource and harmless treatment of the fly ash in the circulating fluidized bed gasification.
[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and technical effect of the utility model more clear, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the utility model is clearly and completely described. However, the following described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Combined with the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
[0035] Embodiment 1:
[0036] A circulating fluidized bed coupled fixed bed coal gasification device, comprising a circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1, and a coal bunker 14 connected to the feeding port of the circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1. The circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 1 comprises a hearth 15 and a cyclone separator 16.
[0037] The circulating fluidized bed gasifier 1 is connected with the air preheater 2, the waste heat boiler 3, the cyclone dust collector 4, the coal economizer 5, the bag dust collector 6 and the coal gas cooler 7 in sequence, the fly ash outlets at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 4 and the bag dust collector 6 are connected with the ash bin 8, and the fly ash is transported by the air force.
[0038] The coal gas outlet of the coal gas cooler 7 is connected with the main coal gas pipe 11, and the coal gas outlet of the fixed bed gasifier 10 is connected with the auxiliary coal gas pipe 12.
[0039] Embodiment 2:
[0040] A coal gasification device of circulating fluidized bed coupled with fixed bed, comprising a circulating fluidized bed gasifier 1, and a coal bin 14 connected with a feeding port of the circulating fluidized bed gasifier 1.
[0041] The circulating fluidized bed gasifier 1 is connected with the air preheater 2, the waste heat boiler 3, the cyclone dust collector 4, the coal economizer 5, the bag dust collector 6 and the coal gas cooler 7 in sequence, the fly ash outlets at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 4 and the bag dust collector 6 are connected with the ash bin 8, and the fly ash is transported by the air force.
[0042] The coal gas outlet of the coal gas cooler 7 is connected with the main coal gas pipe 11, and the coal gas outlet of the fixed bed gasifier 10 is connected with the auxiliary coal gas pipe 12.
[0043] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essential characteristics of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A coal gasification apparatus of a circulating fluidized bed coupled fixed bed, characterized by, The circulating fluidized bed gasifier is connected with an air preheater, a waste heat boiler, a cyclone dust collector, an economizer, a bag dust collector and a coal gas cooler in sequence, the fly ash outlets at the bottom of the cyclone dust collector and the bag dust collector are connected with an ash bin, the ash bin is connected with a fly ash forming device, the fly ash forming device is connected with the fixed bed gasifier, the coal gas outlet of the coal gas cooler is connected with a coal gas output pipe, the coal gas outlet of the fixed bed gasifier is connected with a secondary coal gas pipe, the secondary coal gas pipe is connected with the coal gas output pipe, or the secondary coal gas pipe is connected to the upper reduction zone of the circulating fluidized bed gasifier.
2. The coal gasification apparatus of claim 1, wherein The feed inlet of the circulating fluidized bed gasifier is connected with a coal bin.
3. The coal gasification apparatus of claim 1, wherein The circulating fluidized bed gasifier comprises a furnace chamber and a cyclone separator.
4. The coal gasification apparatus of claim 1, wherein The fly ash forming device is provided with a supplementary material feeding port.
5. The coal gasification apparatus of claim 1, wherein The fly ash forming device is a roller press.