Inclination deflector

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of petroleum drilling, and particularly relates to a whipstock. A main body large-diameter cavity and a main body small-diameter cavity are formed in the main body, and a side wall main body annular groove is formed in the side wall of the main body; the first end of the body is sequentially connected with a pressure guide core tube, an upper hydraulic cylinder, an upper clamping tooth, an upper cone, a middle backing ring, a lower cone, a lower clamping tooth, a lower hydraulic cylinder and a guide head; the second end is sequentially connected with the pressure guide core tube, the fixing ring, the insertion tube, the feeding tube and the upper joint; the large-diameter end of the pressure guide core tube is provided with a left-hand internal thread and a pressure guide core tube annular groove; wedge-shaped locking blocks driven by springs are arranged in wedge-shaped grooves of the upper cone and the lower cone, so that bidirectional clamping is realized; the eccentric inner hole of the fixing ring is matched with the stepped structure of the insertion pipe, and the conical end of the feeding pipe is matched with the stepped conical hole of the upper connector. The device is compact in structure, reliable in sealing, stable in connection and easy to assemble, and the drilling efficiency and the operation safety are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil drilling, and particularly relates to a whipstock. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of oil drilling engineering, the whipstock is a key tool for guiding the directional drilling of the drill bit. In directional drilling, the whipstock in the field of oil drilling is used to change the drilling direction of the drill bit, so that the well trajectory is deflected at a predetermined angle. The wedge-shaped whipstock is fixed to the bottom of the well, and the inclined surface guides the drill bit to deviate in a specific direction. The subsequent drill bit drills along the inclined surface to form an inclined or horizontal well section. It is used to bypass obstacles, multi-lateral wells, horizontal well production, etc.

[0003] The whipstock of the prior art has the problems of complex structure, poor sealing, low positioning accuracy, etc. For example, the traditional whipstock uses single hydraulic drive for the chucking mechanism, which has insufficient chucking force and is prone to wear, resulting in low reusability. The gap between the cone and the liquid cylinder is large, which easily causes leakage of drilling fluid and affects the stability of downhole operation. In addition, the connection between parts relies on welding or bolt fixing, which has low assembly efficiency and is difficult to adapt to high-frequency vibration working conditions. In the prior art, some whipstocks are designed in a split type, which reduces the processing difficulty but results in insufficient overall strength and is prone to failure in high-pressure environments. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a whipstock that is compact in structure, reliable in sealing, stable in connection and easy to assemble, so as to improve drilling efficiency and operation safety. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems of the whipstock of the prior art, such as complex structure, unreliable sealing, unstable connection and difficulty in assembly, low operation efficiency and safety, the present application provides a whipstock, which comprises: a body, the body being wedge-shaped and columnar, an inner part of the body being provided with a large-diameter cavity and a small-diameter cavity, and a side wall of the body being provided with a body annular groove; a first end of the body being connected in sequence with a pressure guide core tube, an upper liquid cylinder, an upper chuck, an upper cone, an intermediate spacer ring, a lower cone, a lower chuck, a lower liquid cylinder and a guide head; and a second end of the body being connected in sequence with a pressure guide core tube, a fixing ring, an insertion tube, a delivery tube and an upper joint.

[0005] The large-diameter end of the pressure guide core tube is provided with a left-hand internal thread and a pressure guide core tube annular groove, and is sealed by a first sealing ring; the upper liquid cylinder and the lower liquid cylinder are symmetrically arranged and are threadedly connected by the intermediate spacer ring, the inner wall of the upper liquid cylinder is provided with an upper liquid cylinder chuck, and the upper liquid cylinder chuck cooperates with a wedge-shaped locking block of the upper cone; the upper chuck is fixed to the upper cone by a chuck fixing pin, and the lower chuck is fixed to the lower cone; the wedge-shaped locking blocks driven by springs are arranged in the wedge-shaped grooves of the upper cone and the lower cone, so as to realize bidirectional chucking; the eccentric inner hole of the fixing ring is adapted to the stepped structure of the insertion tube, so as to ensure the coaxiality of the connection; and the conical end of the delivery tube cooperates with the stepped cone hole of the upper joint, so as to form a high-pressure sealed channel.

[0006] According to the above-mentioned guide, the left-handed internal thread surface of the guide pressure core pipe is chrome plated, and the annular groove is embedded with a fluorine rubber sealing ring.

[0007] According to the above-mentioned guide, the side walls of the upper and lower liquid cylinders are evenly distributed with three large rectangular holes and three small rectangular holes, and the hole positions are staggered along the axial direction.

[0008] According to the above-mentioned guide, the wedge-shaped groove of the upper and lower cones is provided with a wear-resistant coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.2-0.5mm.

[0009] According to the above-mentioned guide, the external thread of the intermediate spacer ring is opposite in rotation direction to the internal thread of the upper and lower liquid cylinders.

[0010] According to the above-mentioned guide, the wedge surface of the fixed ring has an inclination angle of 2°-5°.

[0011] According to the above-mentioned guide, the trapezoidal cross-section end of the guide head is provided with a hard alloy wear-resistant layer.

[0012] According to the above-mentioned guide, the inner annular groove of the guide pressure core pipe is provided with a second sealing ring for sealing with the upper cone, and the upper cone and the upper liquid cylinder are sealed by a third sealing ring.

[0013] According to the above-mentioned guide, the drill pipe buckle of the upper joint is an API standard NC50 type thread.

[0014] According to the above-mentioned guide, the bevel of the body is high-frequency quenched, and the surface hardness is HRC58-62.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0016] 1. The sealing performance of the present application is significantly improved. The traditional guide relies on a single sealing ring between the liquid cylinder and the cone, which is prone to leakage due to vibration. The present application uses the annular groove of the guide pressure core pipe in combination with a fluorine rubber sealing ring, as well as the double sealing structure of the feed pipe, the first and second sealing rings, to form a multi-stage sealing barrier with compact structure. In addition, the reverse thread design of the intermediate spacer ring can compensate for the assembly gap and reduce the leakage of high-pressure drilling fluid. Experiments show that under a pressure of 35MPa, the leakage is reduced by 78% compared to the traditional structure, significantly improving the safety of downhole operations.

[0017] 2. The clamping force and wear resistance of the present application are enhanced. The existing guide's clamping teeth are mostly under one-way stress, which is prone to wear and failure. The present application uses the upper and lower clamping teeth in combination with the spring-driven wedge-shaped locking block, and through the synchronous movement of the upper and lower cones driven by hydraulic pressure, the clamping teeth are uniformly stressed. The surface of the wedge-shaped groove of the upper and lower cones is coated with a 0.3mm tungsten carbide layer, with a hardness of HRC65, and the wear life is extended by 3 times. Downhole tests show that after 120 hours of continuous operation, the wear of the clamping teeth is less than 0.1mm.

[0018] 3. The assembly efficiency and precision of the present application are optimized. The traditional guide shoe needs multiple welding processes, which is time-consuming and prone to deformation. The present application realizes rapid centering assembly through the cooperation of the eccentric inner hole of the fixing ring and the stepped structure of the insertion pipe, with coaxiality error ≤0.05mm. The reverse threaded connection of the intermediate grommet connects the upper and lower cylinders, simplifying the pre-tightening step and shortening the assembly time by 40%. In addition, the API standard thread of the upper joint can directly adapt to the drill pipe, reducing the on-site adjustment link.

[0019] 4. The anti-vibration performance and structural strength of the present application are improved. The existing split guide shoe is prone to breakage under high pressure vibration. The present application adopts 35CrMo steel for integral forging, and is treated by quenching and high-frequency quenching, with a tensile strength of 1200MPa. The wedge-shaped column structure disperses stress, and cooperates with the wedge-shaped surface support of the fixing ring, with an overall bending strength improved by 50%. Simulation vibration test shows that no structural cracks occur under continuous operation at 30Hz frequency for 72 hours.

[0020] 5. The present application saves energy, reduces consumption and controls cost. The traditional guide shoe needs to be replaced frequently due to sealing failure, increasing maintenance cost. The present application prolongs the average service life from 6 months to 18 months by optimizing the sealing structure and material, reducing the maintenance frequency by 67%. In addition, the chrome plating treatment of the guide pressure core pipe reduces the hydraulic oil consumption, and the system energy consumption is reduced by 15%. The overall manufacturing cost is reduced by 20% due to the modular design, with significant economic advantage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a guide shoe of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 is a front view of a structural schematic diagram of an upper joint of a guide shoe of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 is a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a guide shoe of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 is a front view of a structural schematic diagram of an insertion pipe of a guide shoe of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 is a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a fixing ring of a guide shoe of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6 is a partial sectional view of a right view of a structural schematic diagram of a fixing ring of a guide shoe of the present application.

[0027] Figure 7 is a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a stabilizing bolt of a guide shoe of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 is a left view of a structural schematic diagram of a stabilizing bolt of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0029] Figure 9 is a sectional view of a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a body of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0030] Figure 10 is a partial sectional view of a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a guide pressure core pipe of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0031] Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of A of a partial sectional view of a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a guide pressure core pipe of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0032] Figure 12 is a sectional view of a front view of a structural schematic diagram of an upper dog of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0033] Figure 13 is a left view of a structural schematic diagram of an upper dog of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0034] Figure 14 is a top view of a structural schematic diagram of an upper dog of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0035] Figure 15 is a sectional view of a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a locking block of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0036] Figure 16 is a right view of a structural schematic diagram of a locking block of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0037] Figure 17 is a partial enlarged view of B of a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a locking block of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0038] Figure 18 is a front view of a structural schematic diagram of a spring of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0039] Figure 19 is a sectional view of a front view of a structural schematic diagram of an upper cone of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0040] Figure 20 is a sectional view of a left view of a structural schematic diagram of an upper cone of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0041] Figure 21 is a partial sectional view of a front view of a structural schematic diagram of an intermediate spacer ring of a whipstock according to the present application.

[0042] Figure 22This is a sectional view of the main view of a schematic diagram of the lower cone of a guide vane according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 23 This is a cross-sectional view of the left view of a schematic diagram of the lower cone of a guide device according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 24 This is a sectional view of the main view of a schematic diagram of the upper liquid cylinder of a guide tilter according to the present invention.

[0045] Figure 25 This is a cross-sectional view of the left view of a schematic diagram of the upper liquid cylinder of a guide tilter according to the present invention.

[0046] Figure 26 This is a partial cross-sectional view along direction D of the main view of the schematic diagram of the upper liquid cylinder of the guide tilter of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 27 This is a sectional view of the main view of a schematic diagram of the guide head of a guide device according to the present invention.

[0048] In the diagram: 1-Upper connector, 2-Infeed tube, 3-Insertion tube, 4-Fixing ring, 5-Stabilizing bolt, 6-Body, 7-Pressure guide tube, 8-First sealing ring, 9 Upper liquid cylinder, 10-Upper jaw, 11-Jaw jaw fixing pin, 12-Second sealing ring, 13-Locking block, 14-Spring, 15-Upper cone, 16-Third sealing ring, 17-Intermediate washer ring, 18-Lower cone, 19-Lower jaw, 20-Lower liquid cylinder, 21-Guide head. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] like Figures 1 to 27 As shown: A guide device includes: a body 6, which is wedge-shaped and has a large-diameter cavity and a small-diameter cavity inside, and a sidewall annular groove; the first end of the body 6 is sequentially connected to a pressure guiding core tube 7, an upper liquid cylinder 9, an upper clamping tooth 10, an upper cone 15, an intermediate gasket ring 17, a lower cone 18, a lower clamping tooth 19, a lower liquid cylinder 20, and a guide head 21; the second end is sequentially connected to a pressure guiding core tube 7, a fixing ring 4, an insertion tube 3, an infeed tube 2, and an upper connector 1;

[0051] The large diameter end of the guide pressure core pipe 7 is provided with left-handed internal thread and ring groove of the guide pressure core pipe, and is sealed by the first sealing ring 8; the upper liquid cylinder 9 and the lower liquid cylinder 20 are symmetrically arranged, and are threadedly connected through the intermediate gasket ring 17; the inner wall of the upper liquid cylinder 9 is provided with the upper liquid cylinder clamping tooth, which cooperates with the wedge-shaped locking block 13 of the upper taper body 15; the upper clamping tooth 10 is fixed to the upper taper body 15 through the clamping tooth fixing pin 11, and the lower clamping tooth 19 is fixed to the lower taper body 18; the wedge-shaped grooves of the upper taper body 15 and the lower taper body 18 are both provided with the wedge-shaped locking block 13 driven by the spring 14, so as to realize bidirectional clamping; the eccentric inner hole of the fixed ring 4 is matched with the stepped structure of the insertion pipe 3, so as to ensure the coaxiality of the connection; the tapered end of the feeding pipe 2 cooperates with the stepped taper hole of the upper joint 1, so as to form a high-pressure sealed channel.

[0052] The surface of the left-handed internal thread of the guide pressure core pipe 7 is chrome-plated, and the fluorine rubber sealing ring is embedded in the ring groove; the side walls of the upper liquid cylinder 9 and the lower liquid cylinder 20 are uniformly provided with three large rectangular holes and three small rectangular holes, which are staggered along the axial direction; the wedge-shaped grooves of the upper taper body 15 and the lower taper body 18 are provided with wear-resistant coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.2-0.5 mm; the external thread of the intermediate gasket ring 17 is opposite in rotation direction to the internal thread of the upper liquid cylinder 9 and the lower liquid cylinder 20.

[0053] The wedge surface of the fixed ring 4 is inclined at an angle of 2°-5°; the trapezoidal cross-section end of the guide head 21 is provided with a hard alloy wear-resistant layer; the inner ring groove of the guide pressure core pipe 7 is provided with the second sealing ring 12, which is sealed with the upper taper body 15; the upper taper body 15 and the upper liquid cylinder 9 are sealed through the third sealing ring 16; and the drill pipe buckle of the upper joint 1 is the API standard NC50 type thread.

[0054] After high-frequency quenching treatment of the inclined surface of the body 6, the surface hardness is HRC58-62.

[0055] The specific structure of the whipstock for oil drilling is as follows:

[0056] The body 6 is made of 35CrMo steel, and is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment: HB=260-300, high-frequency quenching of the inclined surface: HRC58-62, and surface phosphating treatment; the wedge-shaped columnar structure of the body 6 is divided into two sections; the left section is sequentially connected with the guide pressure core pipe 7, the upper liquid cylinder 9, the upper clamping tooth 10, the upper taper body 15, the intermediate gasket ring 17, the lower taper body 18, the lower clamping tooth 19, the lower liquid cylinder 20 and the guide head 21; and the right section is connected with the guide pressure core pipe 7, the fixed ring 4, the insertion pipe 3, the feeding pipe 2 and the upper joint 1.

[0057] The guide pressure core pipe 7 is cylindrical, the inner wall of the large diameter end is provided with left-hand thread and annular groove, and the first sealing ring 8 is installed in the groove. The upper liquid cylinder 9 and the lower liquid cylinder 20 are both cylindrical, the side wall is provided with three large rectangular holes and three small rectangular holes, and the hole positions are uniformly distributed. The upper clamping tooth 10 and the lower clamping tooth 19 are wedge-shaped structures, the arc surface is provided with tooth-shaped protrusions, and the clamping tooth fixing pin 11 is fixed to the cone. The wedge-shaped groove of the upper cone 15 and the lower cone 18 is embedded with the spring 14 and the wedge-shaped locking block 13, and the arc surface of the locking block is engaged with the liquid cylinder clamping tooth. The intermediate spacer ring 17 is connected with the upper and lower liquid cylinders through reverse threads, and the pre-tightening force is balanced. The eccentric inner hole of the fixing ring 4 is matched with the stepped outer wall of the insertion pipe 3, and the coaxiality is improved. The tapered end of the feeding pipe 2 and the tapered hole of the upper joint 1 form a sealed channel, and the inner ring groove is provided with the second sealing ring 5.

[0058] When assembling, first, the guide pressure core pipe 7 is threadedly connected with the body 6, and the liquid cylinder, the clamping tooth, the cone and the locking block are sequentially installed; after the eccentric structure of the fixing ring 4 and the insertion pipe 3 is centered, it is screwed; finally, the feeding pipe 2 is connected with the upper joint 1, and the complete angle guide is formed.

[0059] Specific embodiments: the angle guide for oil drilling of the application realizes precise guiding and stable clamping through hydraulic driving and mechanical linkage, and the specific working principle is as follows:

[0060] Hydraulic driving and pressure transmission: when the angle guide is lowered into the target well section, the drilling fluid enters the feeding pipe 2 through the stepped tapered hole of the upper joint 1, is transported to the guide pressure core pipe 7 through the eccentric channel of the insertion pipe 3 and the fixing ring 4. The left-hand thread design of the guide pressure core pipe 7 enhances the thread connection strength, and the first sealing ring 8 in the annular groove at the large diameter end of the guide pressure core pipe 7 prevents the leakage of high-pressure drilling fluid. The hydraulic pressure is transmitted to the cavities of the upper liquid cylinder 9 and the lower liquid cylinder 20 through the guide pressure core pipe 7.

[0061] Bidirectional clamping mechanism action: the hydraulic pressure drives the upper liquid cylinder 9 and the lower liquid cylinder 20 to expand outward synchronously, and pushes the upper cone 15 and the lower cone 18 to move along the wedge-shaped slope of the body 6. The wedge-shaped locking block 13 of the upper cone 15 is engaged with the clamping tooth on the inner wall of the upper liquid cylinder 9 with the assistance of the spring 14, and forces the upper clamping tooth 10 to extend radially and tightly fit with the well wall. In the same way, the lower cone 18 drives the lower clamping tooth 19 to complete reverse clamping through the lower liquid cylinder 20, and forms bidirectional anchoring. The reverse thread design of the intermediate spacer ring 17 ensures that the pre-tightening force of the upper and lower liquid cylinders is balanced, and avoids unilateral overload.

[0062] Sealing and anti-vibration: During the clamping process, the tapered end of the running-in pipe 2 forms a high-pressure sealing channel with the stepped tapered hole of the upper joint 1, and the second sealing ring 12 further blocks the leakage of drilling fluid. The eccentric inner hole of the fixing ring 4 cooperates with the stepped structure of the inserted pipe 3, and the coaxiality is adjusted by rotation, with an error of ≤0.05 mm, reducing the eccentric wear caused by vibration. The wedge-shaped columnar structure of the main body 6 disperses the downhole pressure load, and cooperates with the hard surface treated by high-frequency quenching: HRC58-62, effectively resisting the impact of the well wall.

[0063] Guiding and exiting: The trapezoidal cross-section design of the guide head 21 reduces the downward resistance, and the hard alloy wear-resistant layer protects the front end from being worn by the well wall. When the clamping needs to be released, the hydraulic pressure is reduced, the spring 14 pushes the wedge-shaped locking block 13 to reset, the upper and lower clamping teeth 10, 19 retract, and the whipstock is pulled out smoothly with the drill pipe. The chrome plating treatment of the pressure guide core pipe 7 reduces friction loss and ensures the reliability of multiple cycles.

[0064] In summary, the whipstock realizes efficient clamping, accurate guiding and stable sealing through the cooperation of hydraulic pressure and machinery, has a compact structure, and significantly improves the efficiency and safety of drilling operations.

[0065] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacement or change within the technical range disclosed by the present application according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A guide device, characterized in that, include: The main body (6) is wedge-shaped and cylindrical, with a large-diameter cavity and a small-diameter cavity inside, and a side wall annular groove on the side wall. The first end of the main body (6) is connected in sequence to the pressure guiding core tube (7), the upper liquid cylinder (9), the upper clamping tooth (10), the upper cone (15), the intermediate pad ring (17), the lower cone (18), the lower clamping tooth (19), the lower liquid cylinder (20), and the guide head (21). The second end is connected in sequence to the pressure guiding core tube (7), the fixing ring (4), the insertion tube (3), the delivery tube (2), and the upper connector (1). The large-diameter end of the pressure guiding core tube (7) is provided with a left-hand internal thread and a pressure guiding core tube annular groove, and is sealed by the first sealing ring (8); the upper liquid cylinder (9) and the lower liquid cylinder (20) are symmetrically arranged and are connected by a threaded intermediate gasket (17). The inner wall of the upper liquid cylinder (9) is provided with an upper liquid cylinder clamping tooth, which cooperates with the wedge-shaped locking block (13) of the upper cone (15); the upper clamping tooth (10) is fixed to the upper cone (15) by the clamping tooth fixing pin (11), and the lower clamping tooth (19) is fixed to the lower cone (18); the wedge-shaped grooves of the upper cone (15) and the lower cone (18) are both provided with spring-driven wedge-shaped locking blocks (13) to achieve bidirectional clamping; the eccentric inner hole of the fixing ring (4) is adapted to the stepped structure of the insertion tube (3) to ensure coaxiality of the connection; the conical end of the insertion tube (2) cooperates with the stepped conical hole of the upper connector (1) to form a high-pressure sealing channel.

2. The guide device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The left-hand internal thread of the pressure guiding core tube (7) is chrome-plated, and a fluororubber sealing ring is embedded in the annular groove.

3. The guide device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sidewalls of the upper liquid cylinder (9) and the lower liquid cylinder (20) are evenly distributed with three large rectangular holes and three small rectangular holes, and the hole positions are staggered along the axial direction.

4. A guide device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper cone (15) and lower cone (18) are provided with a wear-resistant coating in their wedge-shaped grooves, with a coating thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

5. A guide device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The external thread of the intermediate gasket (17) is opposite to the internal thread of the upper liquid cylinder (9) and the lower liquid cylinder (20).

6. A guide device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped surface of the fixing ring (4) has an inclination angle of 2°-5°.

7. A guide device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The guide head (21) has a hard alloy wear-resistant layer at the trapezoidal cross-section end.

8. A guide device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The inner ring groove of the pressure guiding core tube (7) is provided with a second sealing ring (12) to seal with the upper cone (15), and the upper cone (15) and the upper liquid cylinder (9) are sealed by a third sealing ring (16).

9. A guide device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drill pipe thread of the upper connector (1) is an API standard NC50 type thread.

10. A guide device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The surface hardness of the body (6) after high-frequency quenching treatment of the inclined surface is HRC58-62.

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