Micro hole opener

Abstract

The utility model provides a micro hole opener, which relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, and comprises a shell which is of a sectional type cylindrical structure, two ends of the shell are respectively provided with a large cylinder, the middle of the shell is provided with a small cylinder, the side wall of the small cylinder is provided with a plurality of first groups of edge belts and a plurality of second groups of edge belts, and the first groups of edge belts and the second groups of edge belts are alternately arranged, the first group of edge belts is of a trapezoidal structure, the second group of edge belts is of an arc-shaped structure, and wear-resistant layers are arranged on the surfaces of the first group of edge belts and the second group of edge belts; the first group of edge belts, the second group of edge belts and the shell are integrally formed; the first set of edge belts and the second set of edge belts are used for expanding the circular pipe wall and removing rock debris, the wear-resisting layer is used for resisting wear, and the shell, the first set of edge belts and the second set of edge belts are of an integrally-formed structure, so that the firmness and stability of the structure are guaranteed, and the durability of the micro hole opener is improved; abrasion or faults possibly generated by connecting parts are avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of oil drilling, specifically is a micro reamer. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the oil drilling operation, the micro reamer is used for expanding the hole diameter, correcting the well wall or removing the obstacles in the well, and is particularly suitable for directional wells, horizontal wells or easy collapse strata.

[0003] However, the traditional micro reamer is fast due to the edge band wear, which leads to the short service life of the micro reamer in the complex stratum. UTILITY MODEL CONTENT

[0004] The utility model discloses to the deficiency in prior art, provide a kind of micro reamer, to solve the problems raised in above background.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model embodiment is as follows:

[0006] A kind of micro reamer, comprising: shell, the shell is segmented cylindrical structure, two ends are large cylinder respectively, middle is small cylinder, the side wall of the small cylinder is respectively provided with a plurality of first group of edge bands and second group of edge bands, and the first group of edge bands and the second group of edge bands are alternately arranged, wherein, the first group of edge bands is trapezoidal structure, the second group of edge bands is arc structure, and the surface of the first group of edge bands, the second group of edge bands is all provided with wear-resistant layer;

[0007] The first group of edge bands, the second group of edge bands and the shell are integrally formed;

[0008] The first group of edge bands, the second group of edge bands are all used for expanding pipe wall and removing rock debris, and the wear-resistant layer is used for resisting wear.

[0009] Further, in the utility model, the first group of edge bands includes:

[0010] First edge band A, first edge band B are obliquely and symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the shell;

[0011] Equal number of first wear-resistant columns are arranged on the side wall of the same side end of the first edge band A and the first edge band B.

[0012] Second edge band A, second edge band B are obliquely and symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the shell;

[0013] Equal number of second wear-resistant columns are arranged on the side wall of the same side end of the second edge band A and the second edge band B.

[0014] Further, in the utility model, the wear -resisting layer includes: first wear -resisting layer, second wear -resisting layer, first wear -resisting layer sets up in the opposite end top of first edge tape A, first edge tape B,

[0015] Second wear -resisting layer sets up in the opposite end top of second edge tape A, second edge tape B.

[0016] Further, in the utility model, the first wear -resisting column, the second wear -resisting column are located in the same side and staggered arrangement.

[0017] Further, in the utility model, the first wear -resisting layer, the second wear -resisting layer are tungsten carbide alloy wear -resisting layer.

[0018] Further, in the utility model, the first wear -resisting column, the second wear -resisting column end all are provided with diamond composite sheet.

[0019] Further, in the utility model, one the end of big cylinder is provided with taper thread hole, and the other end of big cylinder is provided with taper threaded column.

[0020] Beneficial effect, the technical scheme of the application has the following technical effects:

[0021] The first group of edge strips and the second group of edge strips are provided with wear-resistant layers on surfaces, which can significantly improve the service life and reliability of the micro-expanding device by reducing the friction coefficient, enhancing the surface hardness and corrosion resistance; the wear-resistant layers can reduce the wear and scratches of the first group of edge strips and the second group of edge strips in complex strata or high-load operations, avoid the problems of jamming, occlusion or rusting caused by intensified friction, and reduce the maintenance frequency due to the self-lubricating property, adapt to harsh working conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, and finally realize efficient and stable cutting or reaming operation.

[0022] Meanwhile, the shell and the first group of edge strips and the second group of edge strips are integrally formed by high-temperature and high-pressure sintering technology and nano-enhanced material compounding process; the technology uniformly mixes hard alloy powder and nano-level enhanced materials (such as cubic boron nitride and graphene), forms a transition layer between the first group of edge strips and the second group of edge strips and the shell through gradient matching in a mold, and combines the two into a whole at the atomic level by using ultra-high pressure sintering; this way eliminates the interface defects of traditional welding or bonding, greatly improves the bonding strength and impact resistance, disperses stress through nano materials, avoids the first group of edge strips and the second group of edge strips from falling off the shell, significantly prolongs the service life of the micro-expanding device, and the first group of edge strips and the second group of edge strips are alternately arranged, which not only enhances the guidance and stability, but also optimizes the chip removal effect.

[0023] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and the additional concepts described in more detail below can be considered as part of the utility model subject matter of this disclosure, provided that such concepts do not contradict each other.

[0024] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will become apparent from the following description or may be learned through practice of specific embodiments according to the teachings of the present invention. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in the various figures may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Fig. 1 A structural diagram of a micro-eye expander provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Fig. 2 A partial enlarged view of a micro-eye expander provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0028] Fig. 3 A plan view of a micro-eye expander provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0029] In the figure, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows: 1-shell; 11-large cylinder; 12-small cylinder; 13-tapered threaded hole; 14-tapered threaded post; 2-first set of ribs; 21-first rib A; 22-first rib B; 23-first wear-resistant layer; 24-first wear-resistant post; 3-second set of ribs; 31-second rib A; 32-second rib B; 33-second wear-resistant layer; 34-second wear-resistant post. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To better understand the technical content of this utility model, specific embodiments are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Various aspects of this utility model are described in this disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate numerous illustrative embodiments. The embodiments of this disclosure are not necessarily defined to include all aspects of this utility model. It should be understood that the various concepts and embodiments described above, as well as those described in more detail below, can be implemented in any of many ways, because the concepts and embodiments disclosed in this utility model are not limited to any particular implementation. Furthermore, some aspects of this utility model can be used alone or in any suitable combination with other aspects disclosed in this utility model.

[0031] As Figs. 1-3 shown, a micro reamer, comprising: a shell 1, the shell 1 is a segmented cylindrical structure, both ends are large cylinders 11, the middle is a small cylinder 12, a plurality of first group of ribbons 2 and second group of ribbons 3 are arranged on the side wall of the small cylinder 12 respectively, and the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 are arranged alternately, the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 are distributed on the shell 1 at equal intervals, wherein the first group of ribbons 2 is a trapezoidal structure, and the end close to the large cylinder 11 is low, and the end away from the large cylinder 11 is high, the end close to the large cylinder 11 of the second group of ribbons 3 is an arc structure, and the end away from the large cylinder 11 is a square structure; the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 are used for expanding the pipe wall and removing rock debris; and the surface of the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 is provided with a wear-resistant layer, the wear-resistant layer is used for resisting wear; the first group of ribbons 2, the second group of ribbons 3 and the shell 1 are integrally formed.

[0032] In the present application, the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 are provided with a wear-resistant layer on the surface, which can significantly improve the service life and reliability of the micro reamer by reducing the friction coefficient, enhancing the surface hardness and corrosion resistance; the setting of the wear-resistant layer can reduce the wear and scratch of the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 in complex strata or high-load operation, avoid the problems of jamming, occlusion or corrosion caused by increased friction, and at the same time, the self-lubricating property can reduce the maintenance frequency, adapt to harsh working conditions such as high temperature and high pressure, and finally realize efficient and stable cutting or reaming operation.

[0033] Meanwhile, the shell 1, the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 are integrally formed through high-temperature and high-pressure sintering technology and nano-enhanced material composite process; the technology uniformly mixes hard alloy powder and nano-level reinforced materials (such as cubic boron nitride and graphene), forms a transition layer of the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 and the shell 1 through gradient matching in the mold, and then combines the two into a whole at the atomic level by using ultra-high pressure sintering; this way eliminates the interface defects of traditional welding or bonding, greatly improves the bonding strength and impact resistance, and at the same time, disperses stress through nano materials to avoid the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 from falling off the shell 1, significantly prolonging the service life of the micro reamer; the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3 are arranged alternately, which not only enhances the guidance and stability, but also optimizes the chip removal effect.

[0034] Further, the first group of ribbons 2 comprises: first ribbons A21 and first ribbons B22, which are obliquely and symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the shell 1, and the top of the opposite ends of the first ribbons A21 and the first ribbons B22 are respectively provided with first wear-resistant layers 23; and the side wall of the same side end of the first ribbons A21 and the first ribbons B22 is provided with an equal number of first wear-resistant columns 24; the second group of ribbons 3 comprises: second ribbons A31 and second ribbons B32, which are obliquely and symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the shell 1, and the top of the opposite ends of the second ribbons A31 and the second ribbons B32 are respectively provided with second wear-resistant layers 33; and the side wall of the same side end of the second ribbons A31 and the second ribbons B32 is provided with an equal number of second wear-resistant columns 34.

[0035] In the embodiment, the first ribbons A21 and the first ribbons B22, and the second ribbons A31 and the second ribbons B32 are symmetrically and obliquely arranged on the shell 1. This design not only enhances the guidance and stability of the tool, so that the micro reamer remains centered and reduces the risk of deviation during drilling, but also optimizes the chip removal effect. The oblique ribbons effectively guide the rock debris out, avoiding blockage. In addition, the symmetric layout ensures uniform pressure distribution during operation, reduces the risk of equipment damage caused by local stress concentration, and improves wear resistance, because the wear is more evenly distributed on the contact surface, prolonging the service life of the micro reamer.

[0036] Further, the wear-resistant layers comprise: first wear-resistant layers 23 and second wear-resistant layers 33, the first wear-resistant layers 23 are arranged on the top of the opposite ends of the first ribbons A21 and the first ribbons B22; and the second wear-resistant layers 33 are arranged on the top of the opposite ends of the second ribbons A31 and the second ribbons B32.

[0037] In the embodiment, the first wear-resistant layers 23 and the second wear-resistant layers 33 are tungsten carbide alloy wear-resistant layers. The laser cladding technology is used to form a coating with specific properties on the surface of the first wear-resistant layers 23 and the second wear-resistant layers 33. This process is achieved by precisely controlling the energy density and scanning speed of the laser, ensuring good metallurgical bonding between the cladding layer and the substrate. This technology can significantly improve the hardness and wear resistance of the surface of the first group of ribbons 2 and the second group of ribbons 3. Laser cladding is an advanced surface treatment technology that uses a high-energy laser beam to melt and deposit selected materials (usually in powder or filament form) onto the surface of the substrate material. At the same time, the tungsten carbide alloy wear-resistant layer has extremely high hardness and can effectively resist wear. Its arrangement can significantly prolong the service life of the micro reamer.

[0038] Further, the first wear-resistant columns 24 and the second wear-resistant columns 34 are located on the same side and are staggered.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first group of ribbons 2 has 4 wear-resistant columns 24 each, and the second group of ribbons 3 has 3 wear-resistant columns 34 each. Each wear-resistant column 24 on the first ribbons A21 and B22 is staggered with each wear-resistant column 34 on the second ribbons A31 and B32, and all wear-resistant columns 24 and 34 are arranged on the same side. This design can significantly improve the wear resistance and working efficiency of the tool. The staggered wear-resistant columns not only increase the key support points when contacting the formation, but also improve the cutting stability and guidance. Moreover, the wear distribution is more uniform, reducing the risk of local excessive wear, thereby prolonging the service life of the tool. In addition, such a layout helps to optimize the debris discharge path and prevent clogging, further improving the stability and efficiency during drilling. Overall, this design enhances the adaptability and reliability of the equipment in complex geological conditions.

[0040] Further, the first wear-resistant column 24 and the second wear-resistant column 34 are each provided with a diamond compact. Diamond compact is a composite material sintered from polycrystalline diamond powder and hard alloy substrate under high temperature and high pressure. It has extremely high hardness and wear resistance, significantly improving its wear resistance compared to existing hard alloys. Diamond compact can also maintain cutting efficiency for a long time under extreme conditions, reducing the frequency of replacement. It can also improve drilling efficiency, especially in soft to medium hard formations, as it can more effectively cut rock and reduce drilling time.

[0041] At the same time, by adding nanoscale materials (such as cubic boron nitride or graphene) to the diamond compact, it can disperse the impact force of the diamond compact like a "cushion", reducing stress concentration between the diamond layer and the substrate. This significantly improves the impact resistance of the diamond compact, making it less likely to fall off the ribbons, thereby prolonging the service life of the micro-expander.

[0042] Further, one end of the large cylinder 11 is provided with a tapered threaded hole 13, and the other end of the large cylinder 11 is provided with a tapered threaded column 14. The tapered threaded hole 13 is usually connected with a drill pipe, a drill collar or other downhole tool assembly, and the tapered threaded column 14 is usually directly connected with other drilling tools such as a drill bit, a stabilizer or another section of drill pipe.

[0043] The standard parts used in the application file can be purchased from the market, and can be ordered according to the description and drawings, and the specific connection mode of each part adopts the conventional means such as bolt, rivet and welding in the prior art, the mechanical, part and equipment adopt the conventional type in the prior art, the control mode is automatically controlled through the controller, the control circuit of the controller can be realized through simple programming of the person skilled in the art, and it belongs to the common knowledge in the art, and the application is mainly used to protect the mechanical device, so the control mode and the circuit metal are not explained in detail.

[0044] Although the utility model has disclosed as above with preferable embodiment, it is not used to limit the utility model. Those skilled in the art belonging to the utility model technical field can make various changes and decorations without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the utility model shall be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A micro-reamer, characterized by, The utility model relates to a casing (1) for the drilling of oil and gas wells, comprising: a casing (1) which is a segmented cylindrical structure, both ends of which are large cylinders (11) and the middle of which is a small cylinder (12), the side wall of the small cylinder (12) is provided with a plurality of first groups of rib belts (2) and second groups of rib belts (3), and the first groups of rib belts (2) and the second groups of rib belts (3) are arranged alternately, wherein the first groups of rib belts (2) are trapezoidal structures, the second groups of rib belts (3) are arc structures, and the surfaces of the first groups of rib belts (2) and the second groups of rib belts (3) are provided with wear-resistant layers; the first groups of rib belts (2) and the second groups of rib belts (3) are integrally formed with the casing (1); the first groups of rib belts (2) and the second groups of rib belts (3) are used for expanding the pipe wall and removing rock debris, and the wear-resistant layers are used for resisting wear.

2. The micro-reamer of claim 1, wherein, the first groups of rib belts (2) comprise: first rib belts A (21) and first rib belts B (22) which are inclined and symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the casing (1); the side wall of the same side end of the first rib belts A (21) and the first rib belts B (22) is provided with an equal number of first wear-resistant columns (24); the second groups of rib belts (3) comprise: second rib belts A (31) and second rib belts B (32) which are inclined and symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the casing (1); the side wall of the same side end of the second rib belts A (31) and the second rib belts B (32) is provided with an equal number of second wear-resistant columns (34).

3. The micro-reamer of claim 2, wherein, the wear-resistant layers comprise first wear-resistant layers (23) and second wear-resistant layers (33), the first wear-resistant layers (23) are arranged on the top of the opposite ends of the first rib belts A (21) and the first rib belts B (22); the second wear-resistant layers (33) are arranged on the top of the opposite ends of the second rib belts A (31) and the second rib belts B (32).

4. The micro-reamer of claim 2, wherein, the first wear-resistant columns (24) and the second wear-resistant columns (34) are located on the same side and are staggered.

5. The micro-reamer of claim 3, wherein, the first wear-resistant layers (23) and the second wear-resistant layers (33) are tungsten carbide alloy wear-resistant layers.

6. The micro-reamer of claim 4, wherein, the ends of the first wear-resistant columns (24) and the second wear-resistant columns (34) are provided with diamond composite pieces.

7. The micro-reamer of claim 1, wherein, one end of one of the large cylinders (11) is provided with a tapered threaded hole (13), and the other end of the other large cylinder (11) is provided with a tapered threaded column (14).

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