Siphon spider-shaped water turbine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a siphon spider-shaped water turbine. The water turbine is composed of a high-level water storage unit, a siphon flow guide unit and a power generation unit. The high-level water storage unit is provided with a reservoir or a barrage at the top of a water head, and is internally provided with structures such as a flow guide partition plate and a grating plate; the siphon diversion unit adopts a full-sealed siphon and conveys water obliquely according to terrain; the power generation unit comprises a water turbine 50cm below the water surface, a power generator and a power transformation mechanism, and the water turbine is provided with innovative structures such as a spider-shaped water inlet and a hyperboloid rotating wheel. Based on the siphon principle, water impacts a turbine runner through a siphon by means of water level difference to drive a generator to generate electricity, and a power transformation mechanism guarantees the electric energy quality. Compared with a traditional water turbine, the water turbine can adapt to complex terrains, the installed capacity can be improved by at least 80% when the water turbine is matched with other units on the same dam, the power generation efficiency is improved by optimizing the structure, cyclic utilization of water resources is achieved, and economic and environment-friendly values are both achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydropower equipment technology, specifically to a siphon-type spider turbine, which is particularly suitable for scenarios where water resource utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency can be improved by optimizing the structure of the hydropower system under different terrain conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of continuously growing global energy demand, hydropower, as a clean and renewable energy source, has been widely adopted. Traditional hydropower equipment, such as common water turbines, typically rely on the drop in water level caused by natural flow or the water level difference created by dam impoundment to drive the turbine, which in turn drives the generator to produce electricity. However, these traditional water turbines have many limitations.

[0003] On the one hand, traditional hydroelectric turbines have stringent requirements for terrain and water flow conditions. In areas with complex terrain or small water level differences, they struggle to fully utilize their efficiency, leading to inadequate water resource utilization. On the other hand, existing hydroelectric power generation systems typically only allow one unit to be installed at the same dam or water flow location, resulting in limited installed capacity and ineffective utilization of all water energy resources. This leads to energy waste and limits the improvement of power generation efficiency. Furthermore, the structural design of traditional hydroelectric turbines results in low efficiency due to the impact of water flow on the runner, leading to significant energy losses during conversion and reducing overall power generation efficiency. Moreover, during power generation, the instability of water flow and the inherent characteristics of the power generation equipment make power quality susceptible to issues such as harmonic interference, increasing the difficulty and cost of power transmission and grid connection.

[0004] With the continuous development of energy technology, higher requirements are placed on hydropower equipment. There is an urgent need for a new type of hydropower equipment that can adapt to different terrain conditions, improve water resource utilization efficiency, increase installed capacity and power generation efficiency, and at the same time ensure power quality. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned technical problems by providing a siphon-type spider turbine.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by this utility model is: a siphon-type spider turbine, comprising:

[0007] A high-level water storage unit includes a water storage tank or dam located at the top of the water head, and a water collection chamber with a water level sensor at its bottom;

[0008] The siphon diversion unit includes a fully sealed siphon tube communicating with the water collection chamber, which extends downward along the terrain at an angle of 15-35°.

[0009] The power generation unit comprises a water turbine arranged 50 cm below the water surface, a generator coaxially connected with the water turbine, and a transformer mechanism, the water turbine is provided with 6-8 water inlets arranged in a spider shape in the circumferential direction of the water turbine, and the axis of each water inlet forms an angle of 90° with the radial direction of the water turbine.

[0010] Further, the high water storage unit further comprises:

[0011] A first V-shaped guide baffle vertically arranged in the water storage pool, the opening end of the baffle faces the water collecting cavity;

[0012] The first and second grid plates are arranged in parallel, and the distance between the two grid plates is 1 / 3-1 / 2 of the width of the water storage pool;

[0013] The water inlet end of the siphon pipe is located in the cavity formed between the second grid plate and the inner wall of the water storage pool, and is provided with a vortex prevention cover, and the pipe diameter gradually decreases along the water flow direction at a ratio of 1:1.2-1.5.

[0014] Further, a water level sensor is installed in the high water storage unit, and a water supplement pipe is arranged on the side away from the siphon pipe, the water supplement pipe is used to supplement water source into the water storage pool.

[0015] Further, the water turbine comprises:

[0016] A double-curved surface runner, the blade surface of which is provided with a nano hydrophobic coating;

[0017] A plurality of guide rings arranged around the runner, the distance between the guide rings decreases in an arithmetic sequence along the radial direction;

[0018] A pressure balance cavity arranged at the center of the runner shaft and forming a Venturi effect structure with the water inlet.

[0019] Further, the transformer mechanism adopts a multi-stage voltage transformation structure, comprising:

[0020] The first-stage voltage transformation module dynamically adjusts the output voltage according to the rotation speed of the water turbine;

[0021] The second-stage filter module comprises an adaptive harmonic suppression circuit;

[0022] The third-stage grid connection module has an island effect detection and automatic off-grid function.

[0023] Further, the siphon pipe is a fully sealed pipe, and the connection part of the pipe adopts a sealing structure to avoid air entering and water leakage, and to ensure the stable formation of siphon phenomenon and efficient transportation of water flow.

[0024] Further, the high water storage unit is arranged at the dam, and the water outlet of the water turbine is connected with the river, so that the water flow can be discharged into the river after doing work through the water turbine.

[0025] Further, the high water storage unit is arranged on the flat ground, and the water outlet of the water turbine is connected with the water outlet pipeline.

[0026] The power transformation mechanism is a power transformation box, which is used for carrying out preliminary voltage transformation on the electric energy generated by the generator.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages that:

[0028] 1. The water storage pool or the river dam is arranged on the water head, so that the water flow can be effectively collected and stored, a stable water level difference is formed, even in the area with complex terrain or small water level difference, the water resource can be fully utilized for power generation, compared with the traditional hydroelectric power generation equipment, the utilization efficiency of the water resource is greatly improved.

[0029] 2. In the same dam or water flow, the traditional technology can only install one unit, but the siphon spider type water turbine unit can be used in cooperation with other types of water turbines, so that the installed capacity is doubled, and the installed capacity is at least improved by 80%. This not only fully utilizes the limited water resource, but also significantly improves the power generation benefit and reduces the investment cost of unit power.

[0030] 3. The unique structure design of the water turbine includes the water inlet with a specific included angle, the double-curved runner, the multi-stage guide ring and the pressure balance cavity, which optimizes the impact mode of the water flow on the runner and the energy conversion process, reduces the energy loss and improves the overall power generation efficiency. At the same time, the application of the nano hydrophobic coating further reduces the friction between the water flow and the blade, and enhances the energy conversion effect.

[0031] 4. The power transformation mechanism adopts a multi-stage voltage transformation structure, which can dynamically adjust the voltage, filter the harmonic wave, detect the island effect and other functions, effectively ensure the power quality, reduce the difficulty and cost of power transmission and grid connection, and improve the stability and reliability of the power generation system.

[0032] 5. Whether at the dam or on the flat ground, the utility model can realize effective power generation through reasonable system design. At the dam, the water outlet of the water turbine can be directly connected with the river; on the flat ground, the water circulation system is formed by arranging the water outlet pipeline and other components, so that the application range of the equipment is expanded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1It is a structure schematic view of the siphon spider type water turbine.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the water turbine of the siphon spider type water turbine. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved by the utility model more clearly understood, the utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model.

[0036] In the description of the utility model, it should be pointed out that unless there are explicit provisions and limitations, the term "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integrally connected, and the specific meaning of the above-mentioned term in the utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances for ordinary skilled persons in the art.

[0037] I. Working principle of the utility model:

[0038] The siphon spider type water turbine provided by the utility model mainly comprises three core parts of a high water storage unit, a siphon flow guide unit and a power generation unit.

[0039] The high water storage unit comprises a water storage pool or a river dam arranged at the top of the water head, and a water collecting cavity with a water level sensor is arranged at the bottom of the water storage pool. A first V-shaped flow guide partition plate is vertically arranged in the water storage pool, and the open end of the first V-shaped flow guide partition plate faces the water collecting cavity, so as to guide the water flow to flow to the water collecting cavity and improve the water flow collection efficiency. Meanwhile, a first grid plate and a second grid plate are arranged in parallel, the width of the first grid plate and the second grid plate is 1 / 4-1 / 3 of the width of the water storage pool, and the first grid plate and the second grid plate are used for filtering impurities in the water and preventing large particles of impurities from entering the siphon pipe and the water turbine and affecting the normal operation of the equipment. The water inlet end of the siphon pipe 2 is located in the cavity formed between the second grid plate and the inner wall of the water storage pool, and a vortex prevention cover is arranged, and the pipe diameter of the siphon pipe 2 is gradually reduced along the water flow direction at a ratio of 1:1.2-1.5. In addition, a water level sensor is arranged in the high water storage unit, which is used for monitoring the water level in the water storage pool in real time, and a water supplement pipe is arranged on the side away from the siphon pipe 2, so that when the water level is lower than the set value, the water source in the water storage pool is supplemented through the water supplement pipe, so as to ensure the stability of the water storage.

[0040] Siphon flow guide unit

[0041] The siphon flow guide unit comprises a fully sealed siphon pipe 2 in communication with the water collecting cavity, and the siphon pipe 2 extends downward at an inclination angle of 15-35° along the terrain. The siphon pipe adopts a fully sealed structure, and the connection part adopts a sealed structure, so as to avoid air entering and water leakage, and ensure the stable formation of the siphon phenomenon and the efficient transportation of the water flow.

[0042] Power generation unit

[0043] The power generation unit comprises a water turbine 3 arranged at a position 50 cm below the water surface, a generator and a transformer mechanism coaxially connected with the water turbine 3. A plurality of water inlets 301 distributed in a spider shape are arranged in the circumferential direction of the water turbine 3, and the axis of each water inlet 301 forms an angle of 90° with the radial direction of the water turbine 3, so that the impact of water flow on the water turbine blade is the largest, and the power generation effect is the best. The water turbine 3 comprises a double-curved runner, and the surface of the blade of the runner is provided with a nano-hydrophobic coating, so as to reduce the friction between the water flow and the blade and improve the energy conversion efficiency; a plurality of guide rings are further arranged, and the guide rings are arranged at the periphery of the runner and are arranged in an equal-difference sequence along the radial direction, so as to optimize the guide path of the water flow and enhance the impact force on the runner; and a pressure balance cavity is arranged at the position of the axis of the runner and forms a Venturi effect structure with the water inlet, so as to further improve the driving effect of the water flow on the runner. The transformer mechanism adopts a multi-stage voltage transformation structure, and comprises a first-stage voltage transformation module, a second-stage filter module and a third-stage grid-connected module. The output voltage of the first-stage voltage transformation module can be dynamically adjusted according to the rotating speed of the water turbine; the second-stage filter module comprises an adaptive harmonic suppression circuit and is used for filtering the harmonic in the electric energy and improving the electric energy quality; and the third-stage grid-connected module has an islanding effect detection and automatic off-grid function, so as to ensure the safety and stability of the connection between the power generation system and the power grid.

[0044] The utility model discloses based on siphon principle and energy conversion principle work. Setting up the water storage pool or the dam in the high water head top, through the collection and storage water flow, form stable water level height difference water head. When the air in the siphon pipe is discharged, forms the vacuum state, under the action of atmospheric pressure and water level difference, water from the water storage pool through siphon pipe flows to the water turbine. Siphon pipe along the topography with specific inclination angle downward extends, utilizes the gravity of water head to make the water flow form high -speed flow in the pipeline, converts the potential energy of water into kinetic energy.

[0045] After the water flow enters the water turbine, the water flow impacts the runner blade at a more efficient angle through the water inlets distributed in a spider shape in the circumferential direction and having a specific angle. The special design of the double-curved runner and the nano-hydrophobic coating on the surface of the blade reduce the water flow resistance, the multi-stage guide ring optimizes the water flow path, and the Venturi effect structure formed by the pressure balance cavity and the water inlet further enhances the impact force of the water flow on the runner, so that the runner rotates at high speed and converts the kinetic energy of the water flow into mechanical energy. The runner is coaxially connected with the generator through the main shaft, drives the generator to generate electricity, and converts the mechanical energy into electric energy.

[0046] The transformer mechanism performs multi-stage processing on the electric energy generated by the generator, the first-stage voltage transformation module dynamically adjusts the output voltage according to the rotating speed of the water turbine, adapts to the power generation demand under different working conditions, the second-stage filter module filters the harmonic through the adaptive harmonic suppression circuit, and improves the electric energy quality, and the third-stage grid-connected module detects the islanding effect and realizes automatic off-grid, so as to ensure that the electric energy is safely and stably connected to the power grid.

[0047] II. Embodiments

[0048] Example One: Application at a dam

[0049] A water storage pool is built at the top of the dam as a high-level water storage unit. A first V-shaped flow guide baffle, a first grid plate, and a second grid plate are installed vertically and parallel in the water storage pool. The first V-shaped flow guide baffle has an open end facing the water collection cavity. The first grid plate and the second grid plate have a width of 1 / 3 of the width of the water storage pool. The water inlet end of a siphon pipe 2 is installed in the cavity between the second grid plate 103 and the inner wall of the water storage pool, and an anti-vortex cover is installed. The diameter of the siphon pipe gradually decreases by a ratio of 1:1.2 along the direction of the water flow. The siphon pipe extends downward at an inclination angle of 25° along the terrain of the dam and is connected to a water turbine 3 arranged 50 cm below the water surface.

[0050] A plurality of water inlets 301 are installed in the circumferential direction of the water turbine 3 in a spider-like distribution. Each water inlet 301 has an axis that forms a 90° angle with the radial direction of the water turbine 3. A double-curved runner is installed inside the water turbine, and the surface of the blades is coated with a nano-hydrophobic coating. A plurality of guide rings are installed, and the spacing between each guide ring decreases in an arithmetic sequence along the radial direction. A pressure balance cavity is arranged at the center of the runner shaft to form a Venturi effect structure with the water inlet. The water turbine 3 is connected to a generator through a main shaft, and the generator is connected to a power transformation mechanism. The power transformation mechanism adopts a power transmission station form and is used to transmit the electrical energy generated by the generator to the power grid after being boosted and processed. The water outlet of the water turbine 3 is directly connected to the river below the dam.

[0051] Operation process

[0052] The water storage pool collects and stores water flow, guides the water flow to the water collection cavity through the first V-shaped flow guide baffle, and filters impurities in the water through the first grid plate and the second grid plate. When the air in the siphon pipe is discharged to form a siphon phenomenon, the water flows to the water turbine at high speed under the action of the water head and atmospheric pressure. The water flow impacts the runner of the water turbine at a specific angle through the water inlet, drives the runner to rotate at high speed, and then drives the generator to generate electricity. The electrical energy generated by the generator is boosted and transmitted to the power grid after being dynamically adjusted in voltage by the first voltage transformation module, filtered in harmonic by the second filter module, and automatically disconnected from the grid after detecting island effect by the third grid connection module. The water level sensor monitors the water level of the water storage pool in real time, and when the water level is insufficient, the water storage pool is supplemented with water through the water supplementing pipe.

[0053] Example Two: Application on flat ground

[0054] The high water storage unit is built on the flat ground, and the first V-shaped diversion baffle, the first grid plate, the second grid plate, the water level sensor and the water supplement pipe are also installed.

[0055] Operation process

[0056] The high water storage unit stores water flow, which is transported to the water turbine 3 through the siphon diversion unit. The working process of the water turbine is the same as that of the first embodiment. The water flow impacts the runner to drive the generator to generate electricity. The electricity generated by the generator is preliminarily transformed by the transformer box. The water flow at the water outlet of the water turbine is discharged through the water outlet pipe. When the water flow energy is insufficient, the electric auxiliary driving module is started to transport the water to the water supplement pipe, and the water is returned to the high water storage unit, so that the water resources are recycled. The water level sensor monitors the water level in real time to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0057] In summary, the utility model has obvious innovation and practicability in the field of hydroelectric power generation through the unique structure design and working principle, can effectively solve many problems in the prior art, has wide application prospect and huge economic value.

[0058] The utility model and its implementation mode have been described above, and this description is not restrictive. The embodiment shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the utility model, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, if a person skilled in the art is inspired thereby, without departing from the creative purpose of the utility model, without creative design, similar structure modes and embodiments of the technical scheme should belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A siphon-type spider turbine, characterized in that: include: A high-level water storage unit includes a water storage tank or dam located at the top of the water head, and a water collection chamber with a water level sensor at its bottom; The siphon diversion unit includes a fully sealed siphon tube (2) communicating with the water collection chamber, the siphon tube (2) extending downward along the terrain at an angle of 15-35°. The power generation unit includes a water turbine (3) located 50 cm below the water surface, a generator and a transformer mechanism coaxially connected to the water turbine (3). The water turbine (3) has 6-8 water inlets (301) arranged in a spider-like pattern on its circumference. The axis of each water inlet (301) forms a 90° angle with the radial direction of the water turbine (3). The bottom of the water turbine (3) has a water outlet (6) connected to a water outlet pipe (302).

2. The siphon-type spider turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevated water storage unit also includes: The first V-shaped flow guide baffle is vertically installed in the water storage tank, with its open end facing the water collection chamber; The first and second grid plates are arranged in parallel, and the first and second grid plates are 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the width of the water storage tank. The inlet end of the siphon (2) is located in the cavity formed between the second grid plate and the inner wall of the water storage tank, and is equipped with an anti-vortex cover. Its pipe diameter gradually decreases along the water flow direction at a ratio of 1:1.2-1.

5.

3. The siphon-type spider turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The high-level water storage unit is equipped with a water level sensor and a water supply pipe is provided on the side away from the siphon pipe. The water supply pipe is used to replenish water to the water storage tank.

4. The siphon-type spider turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water turbine (3) comprises: Hyperboloid rotor, whose blade surface is coated with a nano-hydrophobic coating; Multi-stage guide rings are set around the outer periphery of the impeller, and the spacing between each guide ring decreases radially in an arithmetic sequence. The pressure balance chamber is located at the center of the impeller shaft and forms a Venturi effect structure with the water inlet.

5. The siphon-type spider turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substation adopts a multi-stage transformer structure, including: The first-stage transformer module dynamically adjusts its output voltage according to the turbine speed. The second-stage filtering module includes an adaptive harmonic suppression circuit. The third-level grid-connected module has islanding effect detection and automatic disconnection functions.

6. The siphon-type spider turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The siphon pipe (2) is a fully sealed pipe, and the connection is sealed to prevent air from entering and water from leaking, thus ensuring the stable formation of the siphon phenomenon and the efficient delivery of water.

Images