Single cell unit and fuel cell stack
By setting support bridges, venting grooves, overflow grooves, and discharge grooves on the hydrogen monopole plate, combined with injection molding lines and sealing grooves, the bonding problem between the membrane electrode assembly and the bipolar plate was solved, improving the stability and power generation of the fuel cell stack, reducing production costs, and increasing the yield rate.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-27
AI Technical Summary
In existing fuel cell stacks, the bonding between the membrane electrode assembly and the bipolar plate is prone to detachment or the formation of trapped gas, resulting in poor stack stability, reduced power generation, and poor consistency at the connection points, which affects the yield rate.
Support bridges, venting grooves, overflow grooves, and discharge grooves are set on the hydrogen monopolar plate to remove air bubbles and excess glue. Combined with injection molding lines and sealing grooves, the connection strength and stability are improved, and the production difficulty is reduced.
This effectively prevents trapped gas at the bonding interface between the membrane electrode assembly and the bipolar plate, improving the stability and power generation of the fuel cell stack, reducing production costs, and increasing the yield of finished products.
Smart Images
Figure CN224053153U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to fuel cell technical field especially single cell unit and fuel cell stack. BACKGROUND
[0002] Fuel cell stack, generally by a plurality of single cell unit laminated, single cell unit includes laminated setting's hydrogen single pole plate, oxygen single pole plate and membrane electrode assembly, wherein, hydrogen single pole plate and oxygen single pole plate between through silk screen adhesive form bipolar plate, in form fuel cell stack, membrane electrode assembly's both sides respectively with a piece of bipolar plate adhesive, specifically, one side of membrane electrode assembly and a piece of bipolar plate between adopt heat-sensitive adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive or epoxy adhesive and stick, adopt heat-sensitive adhesive or pressure-sensitive adhesive and stick with bipolar plate, in fuel cell stack operation process, easy to fall off, if adopt epoxy adhesive and stick, then in membrane electrode assembly and the adhesive place of bipolar plate easy to form trapped gas (that is, appear bubble), or epoxy adhesive easy to overflow and enter reaction zone, lead to the active area of stack reduces, power generation capacity drops. Another side of membrane electrode and another piece of bipolar plate connect, bipolar plate adopt point adhesive technology and connect with membrane electrode assembly, process is more complex, and point adhesive height is difficult to control, lead to the connecting place between single cell unit is poor in consistency, affect the yield of fuel cell stack finished product. SUMMARY
[0003] The utility model aims at providing a kind of single cell unit and fuel cell stack, avoid the adhesive place of one side of membrane electrode assembly and bipolar plate between through epoxy adhesive and stick form trapped gas and adhesive overflow, improve the stability and power generation capacity of fuel cell stack;In addition, reduce the connecting difficulty between another side of membrane electrode assembly and bipolar plate, reduce production cost, improve the yield of fuel cell stack finished product.
[0004] To achieve the above object, the utility model provides a kind of single cell unit, with first direction and second direction that intersect each other, including laminated setting's hydrogen single pole plate, oxygen single pole plate and membrane electrode assembly,
[0005] One side of the hydrogen single pole plate is connected with the oxygen single pole plate, and the other side of the hydrogen single pole plate is connected with the membrane electrode assembly by sealing glue.
[0006] One side of the hydrogen single pole plate facing the membrane electrode assembly is provided with a support bridge, an exhaust groove, a glue overflow groove and a glue discharge groove. The support bridges are distributed in the first direction and the second direction, respectively. The exhaust groove is arranged between adjacent support bridges. The glue overflow groove is connected to the exhaust groove near the outer edge of the hydrogen single pole plate. One side of the glue overflow groove is in communication with the exhaust groove, and the other side is in communication with the glue discharge groove. The other end of the glue discharge groove extends to the edge of the hydrogen single pole plate.
[0007] The side of the membrane electrode assembly away from the hydrogen single pole plate is provided with an injection plastic line, and the side of the oxygen single pole plate away from the hydrogen single pole plate is provided with a sealing groove corresponding to the injection plastic line.
[0008] Further, the support bridge has a length L1 and a width W1, 3mm≤L1≤8mm, and 1mm≤W1≤3mm.
[0009] Further, the exhaust groove has a width W2 and a depth H1, 0.3mm≤W2≤0.8mm, and 0.1mm≤H1≤0.5mm.
[0010] Further, the overflow groove has a width W3 and a depth H2, 0.5mm≤W3≤1mm, and 0.2mm≤H2≤0.5mm.
[0011] Further, the glue discharge groove has a width W4 and a depth H3, 0.3mm≤W4≤0.8mm, and 0.2mm≤H3≤0.4mm.
[0012] Further, the hydrogen single pole plate is provided with a protection groove on the side facing the membrane electrode assembly, the protection groove is arranged around the center of the hydrogen single pole plate, and is arranged away from the outer edge of the hydrogen single pole plate on the side close to the exhaust groove.
[0013] Further, the protection groove has a width W5 and a depth H4, 0.3mm≤W5≤0.8mm, and 0.1mm≤H4≤0.3mm.
[0014] Further, the hydrogen single pole plate is provided with a recessed avoiding step on the side facing the membrane electrode assembly.
[0015] Further, the hydrogen single pole plate, the oxygen single pole plate and the membrane electrode assembly are respectively provided with a hydrogen cavity, an oxygen cavity and a cooling liquid cavity at two ends in the first direction.
[0016] The utility model further provides a fuel cell stack, including any one of the single cell unit, a plurality of the single cell unit is stacked and is arranged and forms the fuel cell stack, the injection plastic line of the single cell unit is combined with the sealing groove of adjacent the single cell unit.
[0017] The single cell unit and fuel cell stack of the utility model embodiment compared with prior art, its beneficial effect lies in: the side of the hydrogen single pole plate towards the membrane electrode assembly is equipped with support bridge, exhaust groove, overflow glue groove and glue discharge groove, support bridge is distributed in the first direction and second direction respectively, exhaust groove is equipped between adjacent support bridges, overflow glue groove is connected with exhaust groove close to the outer edge of the hydrogen single pole plate, one side of overflow glue groove is communicated with exhaust groove, the other side is communicated with glue discharge groove, the other end of glue discharge groove extends to the edge of the hydrogen single pole plate, wherein, exhaust groove is used for discharging the bubble that appears between membrane electrode assembly and hydrogen single pole plate through epoxy adhesive bonding, avoids the adhesion of membrane electrode assembly and bipolar plate to form the gas, overflow glue groove and glue discharge groove cooperate, are used for guiding the excess epoxy adhesive to the edge of the hydrogen single pole plate or discharging, avoid the overflow of epoxy adhesive to the center reaction area of the hydrogen single pole plate, improve the stability and power generation of fuel cell stack.In addition, the side of the membrane electrode assembly away from the hydrogen single pole plate is equipped with injection glue line, the side of the oxygen single pole plate away from the hydrogen single pole plate is equipped with the sealing groove corresponding with injection glue line, reduce the connection difficulty between the other side of membrane electrode assembly and bipolar plate, reduce production cost, improve the yield of fuel cell stack finished product. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 It is the structure schematic view of the membrane electrode assembly of the single cell unit of the utility model embodiment;
[0019] Figure 2 It is the structure schematic view of the hydrogen single pole plate of the single cell unit of the utility model embodiment;
[0020] Figure 3 It is Figure 2 Partial enlarged view in;
[0021] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 Partial enlarged view in;
[0022] Figure 5 It is the connection schematic view of the membrane electrode assembly and hydrogen single pole plate, oxygen single pole plate of the single cell unit of the utility model embodiment;
[0023] In the drawing, 1, hydrogen single pole plate;11, support bridge;12, exhaust groove;13, overflow glue groove;14, glue discharge groove;15, protection groove;16, avoiding step;2, oxygen single pole plate;21, sealing groove;3, membrane electrode assembly;31, injection glue line;4, hydrogen cavity;5, oxygen cavity;6, cooling liquid cavity;X, first direction;Y, second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The specific implementation of the utility model is described in further detail below in combination with the drawings and examples.The following examples are used to illustrate the utility model, but not to limit the scope of the utility model.
[0025] In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the position or location relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer" and the like in the utility model is based on the position relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device and element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the utility model.
[0026] In the description of the utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first", "second" and the like are used to describe various information in the utility model, but these information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the utility model, "first" information can also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information can also be referred to as "first" information.
[0027] As Figures 1 to 5As shown, the single cell unit of the preferred embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of single cell unit can form fuel cell stack, with two two intersecting first direction X and second direction Y, single cell unit includes the lamination setting of hydrogen monopolar plate 1, oxygen monopolar plate 2 and membrane electrode assembly 3, for the convenience of explanation, define the length direction of hydrogen monopolar plate 1 as first direction X, the width direction as second direction Y, specifically, one side of hydrogen monopolar plate 1 is connected with oxygen monopolar plate 2, the other side of hydrogen monopolar plate 1 is connected with membrane electrode assembly 3 through sealing glue;Wherein, sealing glue selects epoxy glue, for the convenience of the adhesion support of sealing glue, simultaneously, it is convenient to discharge the air between hydrogen monopolar plate 1 and membrane electrode assembly 3 when bonding, avoid the air of bonding place to appear, simultaneously avoid epoxy glue overflow to the central reaction area of hydrogen monopolar plate 1, therefore, one side of hydrogen monopolar plate 1 towards membrane electrode assembly 3 is equipped with support bridge 11, exhaust groove 12, overflow glue groove 13 and glue discharge groove 14, specifically, support bridge 11 is spaced apart distribution in first direction X, second direction Y respectively, exhaust groove 12 is equipped between adjacent support bridge 11, overflow glue groove 13 is connected with exhaust groove 12 close to the outer edge of hydrogen monopolar plate 1, one side of overflow glue groove 13 communicates with exhaust groove 12, the other side communicates with glue discharge groove 14, the other end of glue discharge groove 14 extends to the edge of hydrogen monopolar plate 1, when membrane electrode assembly 3 is bonded with hydrogen monopolar plate 1, the epoxy glue is coated on one side of hydrogen monopolar plate 1 to form sealing glue line, then with membrane electrode assembly 3 is adhered and hot-pressed, heating temperature is 70-90 DEG C, holding time is 1min-5min, epoxy glue solidifies, membrane electrode assembly 3 is bonded with bipolar plate to form a single cell unit. For the convenience of the quick bonding between adjacent single cell units, the side of membrane electrode assembly 3 away from hydrogen monopolar plate 1 is equipped with injection glue line 31, the side of oxygen monopolar plate 2 away from hydrogen monopolar plate 1 is equipped with sealing groove 21 corresponding with injection glue line 31, by extruding injection glue line 31, the adjacent single cell units are sealed, the single cell unit is stacked and assembled to form fuel cell stack, reduce the connection difficulty between the other side of membrane electrode assembly 3 and bipolar plate, reduce production cost, improve the yield of fuel cell stack finished product.
[0028] In some embodiments, in order to guarantee the structural strength of hydrogen monopolar plate 1, and ensure the connection strength between hydrogen monopolar plate 1 and membrane electrode assembly 3, as Figure 4As shown, the length of the support bridge 11 is L1, and the width is W1, 3mm≤L1≤8mm, 1mm≤W1≤3mm. If L1 and W1 are too small, the connection strength between the hydrogen single pole plate 1 and the membrane electrode assembly 3 is poor, and if L1 and W1 are too large, the active area of the stack is reduced, and the power generation capacity is reduced. Similarly, in order to facilitate exhaust, the width of the exhaust groove 12 is W2, and the depth is H1, 0.3mm≤W2≤0.8mm, 0.1mm≤H1≤0.5mm. If W2 and H1 are too large, the contact area between the hydrogen single pole plate 1 and the membrane electrode assembly 3 is small, which reduces the connection strength, and if W2 and H1 are too small, it is not conducive to exhaust, which causes the adhesion between the hydrogen single pole plate 1 and the membrane electrode assembly 3 to form a gas, reducing the connection strength.
[0029] Further, in some embodiments, the width of the glue overflow groove 13 is W3, and the depth is H2, 0.5mm≤W3≤1mm, 0.2mm≤H2≤0.5mm. If W3 and H2 are too small, the excess glue is easy to overflow to the reaction area, which reduces the active area of the stack and affects the power generation capacity, and if W3 and H2 are too large, the glue between the hydrogen single pole plate 1 and the membrane electrode assembly 3 overflows, reducing the connection strength. Further, the width of the glue discharge groove 14 is W4, and the depth is H3, 0.3mm≤W4≤0.8mm, 0.2mm≤H3≤0.4mm. If W4 and H3 are too small, it is not easy to quickly discharge the excess glue in the glue overflow groove 13, and the glue is easy to overflow to the reaction area, and if W4 and H3 are too large, the epoxy glue required for the adhesion between the hydrogen single pole plate 1 and the membrane electrode assembly 3 increases, which increases the production cost.
[0030] Further, in some embodiments, in order to prevent the glue from overflowing to the center reaction area, the side of the hydrogen single pole plate 1 facing the membrane electrode assembly 3 is provided with a protection groove 15, which is arranged around the center of the hydrogen single pole plate 1 and is arranged away from the side of the exhaust groove 12 away from the outer edge of the hydrogen single pole plate 1. In order to facilitate the setting of the size of the protection groove 15, the width of the protection groove 15 is W5, and the depth is H4, 0.3mm≤W5≤0.8mm, 0.1mm≤H4≤0.3mm. Among them, if W5 and H4 are too large, the active area of the stack is reduced, and the power generation capacity is reduced, and if W5 and H4 are too small, the risk of glue overflowing to the center reaction area is increased.
[0031] Further, in the prior art, the membrane electrode assembly 3 is composed of a cathode carbon paper, a catalyst coating film, an anode carbon paper and a frame, since the frame is in the shape of a Chinese character, the overall thickness of the two sides of the frame is greater than the thickness of the central reaction area after the two sides of the frame are bonded with the cathode carbon paper and the anode carbon paper respectively, in order to avoid excessive compression of the overlap area of the hydrogen single-pole plate 1, which leads to pressure loss of the hydrogen single-pole plate 1 or the membrane electrode assembly 3, and to avoid excessive overlap, which leads to the fact that the reaction area cannot be compacted, therefore, the side of the hydrogen single-pole plate 1 facing the membrane electrode assembly 3 is inwardly recessed to form an avoidance step 16. In the embodiment, the protection groove 15 is arranged on the avoidance step 16.
[0032] Further, in order to facilitate the fuel cell stack reaction feed and reduce the fuel cell stack reaction temperature, the hydrogen single-pole plate 1, the oxygen single-pole plate 2 and the membrane electrode assembly 3 are respectively provided with a hydrogen cavity 4, an oxygen cavity 5 and a cooling liquid cavity 6 in the first direction X.
[0033] The utility model also provides a kind of fuel cell stack, including the single cell unit of any one of above, multiple single cell units are stacked to form fuel cell stack, and the injection glue line 31 of single cell unit is attached with the sealing groove 21 of adjacent single cell unit.
[0034] In summary, the utility model embodiment provides a kind of single cell unit and fuel cell stack, the side of the hydrogen single-pole plate 1 facing the membrane electrode assembly 3 is provided with support bridge 11, exhaust groove 12, overflow glue groove 13 and glue discharge groove 14, support bridge 11 is respectively distributed in the first direction X, second direction Y with interval, exhaust groove 12 is arranged between adjacent support bridge 11, overflow glue groove 13 is connected with exhaust groove 12 close to the outer edge of hydrogen single-pole plate 1, one side of overflow glue groove 13 is communicated with exhaust groove 12, the other side is communicated with glue discharge groove 14, and the other end of glue discharge groove 14 extends to the edge of hydrogen single-pole plate 1;Wherein, exhaust groove 12 is used for discharging the bubble that appears between membrane electrode assembly 3 and hydrogen single-pole plate 1 by epoxy adhesive bonding, to avoid the fact that air is trapped in the bonding place of membrane electrode assembly 3 and bipolar plate, overflow glue groove 13 and glue discharge groove 14 cooperate, for guiding the excess epoxy adhesive into the edge of hydrogen single-pole plate 1 or discharging, to avoid that epoxy adhesive overflows to the central reaction area of hydrogen single-pole plate 1, improve the stability and power generation of fuel cell stack.In addition, the side of membrane electrode assembly 3 away from hydrogen single-pole plate 1 is provided with injection glue line 31, and the side of oxygen single-pole plate 2 away from hydrogen single-pole plate 1 is provided with sealing groove 21 corresponding to injection glue line 31, to reduce the bonding difficulty between the other side of membrane electrode assembly 3 and bipolar plate, reduce production cost, and improve the yield of fuel cell stack finished product.
[0035] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, it should be pointed out that, for the ordinary skilled person in the art, without departing from the technical principles of the utility model, a number of improvements and substitutions can be made, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A single cell unit having a first direction and a second direction that intersect each other, characterized by: The fuel cell stack comprises a hydrogen single pole plate, an oxygen single pole plate and a membrane electrode assembly which are stacked together, One side of the hydrogen single pole plate is connected with the oxygen single pole plate, and the other side of the hydrogen single pole plate is connected with the membrane electrode assembly through sealing glue. The side of the hydrogen single pole plate facing the membrane electrode assembly is provided with a support bridge, an exhaust groove, a glue overflow groove and a glue discharge groove. The support bridges are distributed in the first direction and the second direction respectively, and the exhaust grooves are arranged between adjacent support bridges. The glue overflow groove is connected with the exhaust groove near the outer edge of the hydrogen single pole plate. One side of the glue overflow groove is in communication with the exhaust groove, and the other side is in communication with the glue discharge groove. The other end of the glue discharge groove extends to the edge of the hydrogen single pole plate. The side of the membrane electrode assembly away from the hydrogen single pole plate is provided with an injection glue line, and the side of the oxygen single pole plate away from the hydrogen single pole plate is provided with a sealing groove corresponding to the injection glue line.
2. The single cell unit of claim 1, wherein: The length of the support bridge is L1, and the width is W1, 3mm≤L1≤8mm, and 1mm≤W1≤3mm.
3. The single cell unit of claim 1, wherein: The width of the exhaust groove is W2, and the depth is H1, 0.3mm≤W2≤0.8mm, and 0.1mm≤H1≤0.5mm.
4. The single cell unit of claim 1, wherein: The width of the glue overflow groove is W3, and the depth is H2, 0.5mm≤W3≤1mm, and 0.2mm≤H2≤0.5mm.
5. The single cell unit of claim 1, wherein: The width of the glue discharge groove is W4, and the depth is H3, 0.3mm≤W4≤0.8mm, and 0.2mm≤H3≤0.4mm.
6. The single cell unit of claim 1, wherein: The side of the hydrogen single pole plate facing the membrane electrode assembly is provided with a protection groove, which surrounds the center of the hydrogen single pole plate and is arranged away from the outer edge of the hydrogen single pole plate.
7. The single cell unit of claim 6, wherein: The width of the protection groove is W5, and the depth is H4, 0.3mm≤W5≤0.8mm, and 0.1mm≤H4≤0.3mm.
8. The single cell unit of claim 1, wherein: The side of the hydrogen single pole plate facing the membrane electrode assembly is inwardly recessed to form an avoidance step.
9. The single cell unit of claim 1, wherein: The hydrogen single pole plate, the oxygen single pole plate and the membrane electrode assembly are respectively provided with a hydrogen cavity, an oxygen cavity and a cooling liquid cavity at both ends in the first direction.
10. A fuel cell stack comprising the single cell unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A plurality of single cell units are stacked to form the fuel cell stack, and the injection glue line of the single cell unit is attached to the sealing groove of the adjacent single cell unit.