Single-system multi-channel laser clearance radar
By integrating multi-channel functionality into a single-system laser air-clearing radar and utilizing the imaging properties of lenses, the problems of large size and high cost caused by multiple optical systems are solved, achieving efficient multi-angle laser ranging.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing laser air defense radars require multiple optical systems to achieve multi-channel and multi-angle measurements, resulting in large size and high cost.
A single-system multi-channel laser air-clearing radar is adopted, which integrates multi-channel and multi-angle measurement functions into a single optical system. It utilizes the imaging properties of out-of-axis rays at infinity through a lens to achieve multi-channel laser ranging through a transmitting lens and a receiving lens.
It enables multi-channel laser clearance measurement within a single system, reducing the number and cost of optical systems while improving imaging quality.
Smart Images
Figure CN224066992U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to laser radar technical field, especially single system multichannel laser clearance radar. BACKGROUND
[0002] Laser clearance radar is a monitoring system specially designed for wind turbines, which uses laser technology to measure the clearance distance between the wind turbine blades and the tower in real time. This technology is crucial for ensuring the safe operation and optimizing the performance of wind turbine units.
[0003] The working principle of laser clearance radar is to accurately determine the clearance distance between the blades and the tower in wind power by detecting the clearance distance of different positions of the blades. When the blade clearance value is close to the specified minimum clearance value, the fan unit main control can immediately take protective measures such as deceleration, pitch collection, etc.
[0004] The application of laser clearance radar on existing units can prevent tower scanning, remove dangerous unit power restrictions and thus improve power generation. The application of laser clearance radar on future units can reduce blade cost and design pressure.
[0005] In wind turbine units, in order to ensure comprehensive and accurate monitoring of the clearance distance between the blades and the tower, the laser clearance radar on the market generally realizes multi-channel and multi-angle measurement through multiple laser transmitting and receiving systems. For example, for a common three-blade wind turbine, three laser transmitters and receivers are usually installed on the top of the tower to cover 0 degrees, 120 degrees and 240 degrees respectively to ensure that the tip of each blade can be effectively monitored. For a two-blade wind turbine, two laser transmitters and receivers may be installed to cover 0 degrees and 180 degrees respectively. Such laser clearance radar requires multiple optical systems, which are generally large in size and require many optical components, resulting in high cost.
[0006] Therefore, how to provide a laser clearance radar that realizes multi-channel and multi-angle measurement with a single system is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. INVENTION CONTENTS
[0007] The utility model provides a kind of single system multichannel laser clearance radar to the above research status, and the multi-channel multi-angle measurement function is gathered in same optical system, utilizes the imaging property of lens infinite far axis outer light, realizes single system multichannel laser clearance radar function.
[0008] The single system multichannel laser clearance radar provided by the utility model is installed at the bottom of the nacelle of the wind turbine;It comprises a laser transmitting system and a laser receiving system;Wherein,
[0009] The laser emission system comprises an emitter group composed of a plurality of emitters and an emission lens located on an emission light path of the emitter group; the emission lens causes the laser beams emitted by the emitter group to diverge and project to a target range, and the target range covers a clearance distance between a wind turbine blade and a tower.
[0010] The laser receiving system comprises a receiver group composed of a plurality of receivers and a receiving lens located on a receiving light path of the receiver group; the receiving lens causes the laser beams reflected by the target range to converge to the receiver group.
[0011] Preferably, the emission lens is a positive lens.
[0012] Preferably, the emission lens is a lens group comprising a negative lens and a positive lens arranged in sequence along a propagation direction of the emission light path; the optical axes of the negative lens and the positive lens are coaxially arranged.
[0013] Preferably, a plurality of the emitters are distributed in a same emission plane, and the emission plane is perpendicular to an optical axis of the emission lens; a plurality of the emitters emit laser beams located at different image height positions of the emission lens, and the emitted laser beams converge towards the optical axis of the emission lens.
[0014] Preferably, the laser beams emitted by the emitters are divergent light, and parallel light is obtained by refraction of the emission lens, and the parallel light is projected at a set emission angle with respect to the emission lens.
[0015] Preferably, the emitters are arranged in columns in the emission plane.
[0016] Preferably, the different image height positions are symmetrical with respect to the optical axis of the emission lens.
[0017] Preferably, the receiving lens is a positive lens.
[0018] Preferably, the receiving lens is a lens group comprising a positive lens and a negative lens arranged in sequence along a propagation direction of the receiving light path; the optical axes of the negative lens and the positive lens are coaxially arranged.
[0019] Preferably, a plurality of the receivers are distributed in an image-side focal plane of a receiving prism, and the image-side focal plane is perpendicular to an optical axis of the receiving lens; a plurality of the receivers are located at image-side focal plane positions corresponding to different image height emitters to receive reflected laser beams of different angles.
[0020] Preferably, the receivers are arranged in columns in the image-side focal plane, and the positions of the receivers correspond to the positions of the emitters.
[0021] Preferably, the emitters are laser light emitting diodes.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] The utility model discloses a single system multi-channel laser clearance radar, which is characterized by the following technical scheme.
[0024] The laser emitting diode is arranged at different image height positions of the transmitting lens to realize laser emission at different angles. The laser receiver is arranged at different image height positions of the receiving lens to realize laser reception at different angles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the utility model, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative labor.
[0026] Figure 1 It is the installation side view of single system multi-channel laser clearance radar provided by the utility model embodiment;
[0027] Figure 2 It is the installation bottom view of single system multi-channel laser clearance radar provided by the utility model embodiment;
[0028] Figure 3 It is the single transmitting lens / single receiving lens optical path diagram of single system multi-channel laser clearance radar provided by the utility model embodiment;
[0029] Figure 4 It is the different angle transmitter / receiver optical path diagram of single system multi-channel laser clearance radar provided by the utility model embodiment;
[0030] Figure 5 It is the double transmitting lens / double receiving lens optical path diagram of single system multi-channel laser clearance radar provided by the utility model embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0031] The technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model, obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
[0032] This utility model discloses a single-system multi-channel laser air clearance radar 100, which is installed at the bottom of the nacelle 10 of a wind turbine. It includes a laser emitting system and a laser receiving system. The laser emitting system includes a transmitter group 2 composed of multiple transmitters and a transmitting lens 1 located in the output optical path of the transmitter group 2. The transmitting lens 1 disperses the laser beam emitted from the transmitter group 2 and projects it onto the target area, which covers the clearance distance between the wind turbine blades 20 and the tower 30. The laser receiving system includes a receiver group 4 composed of multiple receivers and a receiving lens 3 located in the receiving optical path of the receiver group 4. The receiving lens 3 converges the laser beam reflected back from the target area onto the receiver group 4.
[0033] like Figures 1-2 As shown, with the axis where the tower 30 is located as the Y-axis and the axis where the output shaft of the nacelle 10 is located as the X-axis, the laser beams emitted by multiple transmitters are refracted by the transmitting lens 1. The laser beams include the laser beam with the tilt angle toward the direction where the blade 20 is located, i.e., the positive direction of the X-axis, and the laser beam with the tilt angle toward the direction where the tower 30 is located, i.e., the negative direction of the X-axis, as well as the laser beam in the area between these, forming a fan-shaped multi-channel radar scanning area.
[0034] In one embodiment, the emitting lens 1 is a single lens, and it is a positive lens. It can be a convex lens or a plano-convex lens, such as... Figure 3 As shown.
[0035] In one embodiment, the lens group includes a negative lens and a positive lens arranged sequentially along the propagation direction of the outgoing light path; the optical axes of the negative lens and the positive lens are coaxially arranged, such as... Figure 5 As shown. This embodiment helps to lengthen the focal length, reduce the tilt angle between the emitters, and form an imaging spot with sharper edges, thereby improving image quality.
[0036] In both single-lens and double-lens configurations, the positive and / or negative lenses can be cemented lenses.
[0037] In this embodiment, multiple transmitters are distributed on the same emission plane, which is perpendicular to the optical axis of the emission lens 1; the multiple transmitters emit laser beams at different image heights of the emission lens 1, and the emitted laser beams converge toward the optical axis of the emission lens 1.
[0038] like Figure 3 , Figure 5 As shown, the transmitter / receiver at different image height positions are symmetrical with respect to the optical axis of transmitting lens 1 / receiving lens 3. Depending on the specific target range requirements, transmitters and receivers at corresponding image height positions are selectively activated to achieve accurate imaging of different clearance distances between the wind turbine blade 20 and the tower 30.
[0039] In this embodiment, the angular difference between adjacent transmitters / adjacent receivers is less than 5°, and further, it can be 2°. Figure 3 , Figure 5 In the diagram, the orientation angles of transmitters 21-25 are 4°, 2°, 0°, -2°, and -4°, respectively. The orientation angles of receivers 41-45 are 4°, 2°, 0°, -2°, and -4°, respectively. Here, 0° represents the direction along the Y-axis, i.e., the optical axis. A positive angle of 0° represents the beam tilted towards the positive X-axis, and a negative angle represents the beam tilted towards the negative X-axis.
[0040] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the laser beam emitted by the transmitter is divergent. After being refracted by the transmitting lens 1, it becomes parallel light, which is projected at a predetermined exit angle with the transmitting lens 1. It can be understood that multiple sets of parallel beams refracted by multiple transmitters through the transmitting lens 1 form a laser region with a certain divergence angle, which is projected onto the target area. It is necessary to explain the imaging properties of off-axis rays at infinity: after passing through a convex lens, off-axis parallel rays will always intersect at a point on the image-side focal plane; this point is the conjugate image point of the off-axis object point at infinity.
[0041] In one embodiment, the transmitters are arranged in a row on the transmitting plane. In this embodiment, the transmitter group 2 and the receiver group 4 can be two rows arranged side by side, along the axial direction of the cabin 10.
[0042] In one embodiment, the transmitter is a laser light-emitting diode.
[0043] In one embodiment, the receiving lens 3 is a single lens, and it is a positive lens. It can be a convex lens or a plano-convex lens, such as... Figure 3 As shown.
[0044] In one embodiment, the receiving lens 3 is a lens group, including a positive lens and a negative lens arranged sequentially along the propagation direction of the receiving light path; the optical axes of the negative lens and the positive lens are coaxially arranged, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the negative lens is a negative meniscus lens, and the positive lens is a plano-convex lens. This embodiment helps to lengthen the focal length, reduce the tilt angle between the receivers, and form an image spot with sharper edges, thereby improving image quality.
[0045] In both single-lens and double-lens configurations, the positive and / or negative lenses can be cemented lenses.
[0046] In this embodiment, multiple receivers are distributed on the image-side focal plane of the receiving prism, and the image-side focal plane is perpendicular to the optical axis of the receiving lens 3; multiple receivers are located at the image-side focal plane positions corresponding to different image height emitters, so as to receive reflected laser beams at different angles.
[0047] In this embodiment, the receivers are arranged in a row on the image-side focal plane, and their positions correspond to those of the transmitters. The positions of the transmitters and receivers can be interchanged.
[0048] The ranging process of the single-system multi-channel laser air defense radar 100 provided by this utility model is given below:
[0049] Turn on the transmitter and receiver at the required angle. For example, if a 0-degree beam is needed, turn on the 0-degree laser and the 0-degree receiver; if a 2-degree beam is needed, turn on the 2-degree laser and the 2-degree receiver. The transmitter at the corresponding angle in transmitter group 2 emits a laser beam, which passes through the emitting lens 1 and strikes the object under test. The returning laser beam passes through the receiving lens 3 and reaches the receiver at the corresponding angle in receiver group 4. The distance information is then obtained through software processing.
[0050] The above provides a detailed description of a single-system multi-channel laser air defense radar provided by this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
[0051] In this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.
Claims
1. A single system multi-channel laser-clear radar, characterized in that, The laser emission system is installed at the bottom of the nacelle of the wind turbine, and comprises a laser emission system and a laser receiving system. The laser emission system comprises a plurality of emitters and an emission lens located on the light path of the emitters. The laser receiving system comprises a plurality of receivers and a receiving lens located on the light path of the receivers.
2. A single system multichannel laser-clear radar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The emission lens is a positive lens.
3. A single system multichannel laser-clear radar according to claim 1, wherein, The emission lens is a lens group comprising a negative lens and a positive lens arranged in sequence along the light path.
4. A single system multichannel laser clearing radar according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The emitters are arranged in a column on the same emission plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the emission lens.
5. A single system multichannel laser-clear radar according to claim 4, wherein, The emitters emit divergent light which is refracted by the emission lens to obtain parallel light which is projected at a set emission angle with respect to the emission lens.
6. A single system multichannel laser-clear radar according to claim 4, wherein, The receivers are arranged in a column on the image plane of the receiving prism perpendicular to the optical axis of the receiving lens.
7. A single system multichannel laser clearing radar according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving lens is a positive lens.
8. A single system multichannel laser clearing radar according to claim 1, wherein, The receiving lens is a lens group comprising a positive lens and a negative lens arranged in sequence along the light path.
9. A single system multichannel laser clearing radar according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, The receivers are arranged in a column on the image plane of the receiving prism perpendicular to the optical axis of the receiving lens.
10. A single system multichannel laser-clear radar according to claim 9, wherein, The receivers are arranged in a column on the image plane of the receiving prism perpendicular to the optical axis of the receiving lens.