Triboelectric separation device with adjustable electric field intensity
By using a triboelectric separator with adjustable electric field strength, electrostatic separation technology, and adjustable electrode structure, the problem of low purity in the separation of grain husks and aleurone layers is solved, achieving a highly efficient and energy-saving separation effect.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-03
AI Technical Summary
In existing dry processing technologies, the separation purity of grain husks and aleurone layers is low and the efficiency is low, requiring multiple screenings for separation, resulting in poor separation effects.
A triboelectric separator with adjustable electric field strength is used. It utilizes electrostatic separation technology and separates grain components by adjusting the distance and tilt angle between the positive and negative plates, taking advantage of the charge difference after friction. The electric field strength is adjusted by combining a slide rail and push rod mechanism.
It improves the separation purity and efficiency of grain components, saves energy, avoids damage to grains due to collisions in the electric field, and enhances the separation effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN224072249U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to a triboelectric separator with adjustable electric field strength, and more particularly to a triboelectric separator for grains, belonging to the field of grain electrostatic separation technology. Background Technology
[0002] Grains, such as wheat, need to have their bran and aleurone layer separated after milling. Current milling technology mainly uses dry processing technology.
[0003] Dry processing utilizes mechanical force to shear, squeeze, and impact-crush wheat bran, followed by separation based on differences in physical properties. Dry processing first uses a dehulling machine to remove the epidermis and pericarp layers, then shortens the dehulling process. The subsequent milling stage uses a smooth roller mill to mill the aleurone layer. The milled aleurone layer is mixed with other components such as the seed coat. Subsequent screening processes typically separate the aleurone layer from other components using sieves. The resulting purity is low, and multiple screenings and purification processes are usually required, leading to poor separation efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a triboelectric separator that uses electrostatic separation technology to separate grain components and has an adjustable electric field strength, which can improve the separation effect and efficiency.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution proposed by this utility model is as follows: a triboelectric separator with adjustable electric field strength, comprising a triboelectric pipe and an electrostatic separation chamber. One end of the triboelectric pipe is provided with a feed inlet, and the other end is connected to the inlet of the electrostatic separation chamber. The electrostatic separation chamber is provided with a discharge outlet at the end opposite to the inlet. A positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate are provided oppositely between the inlet and the discharge outlet in the electrostatic separation chamber. A slide rail is provided on the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber, and the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are slidably connected to the slide rail. The distance between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate can be adjusted by sliding the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate along the slide rail.
[0006] A further design of the above technical solution is as follows: the entrance of the electrostatic separation chamber is located at the top center, and the positive and negative plates are symmetrical about the entrance within the electrostatic separation chamber.
[0007] The top surface of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber is symmetrically provided with two sets of horizontally arranged slide rails 1 relative to the entrance, and the two side walls are symmetrically provided with two sets of vertically arranged slide rails 2 relative to the entrance. The upper and lower ends of the positive and negative plates are respectively slidably connected to one set of slide rails 1 and slide rails 2. Sliding the positive and negative plates can adjust the tilt angle of the positive and negative plates in the electrostatic separation chamber, thereby adjusting the distance between the positive and negative plates at the entrance of the electrostatic separation chamber.
[0008] The upper and lower ends of the positive and negative plates are respectively hinged to slider one and slider two, which are slidably connected to slide rail one and slide rail two respectively.
[0009] The top of the electrostatic separation chamber is provided with a groove corresponding to a slide rail. One end of the slider extends out of the electrostatic separation chamber through the groove. A push rod mechanism is provided at the top of the electrostatic separation chamber. The push rod mechanism pushes the slider to slide along the groove and slide rail. When the push rod mechanism pushes the slider to slide along slide rail towards the entrance, the slider will slide upward along slide rail, increasing the tilt angle of the positive or negative electrode plate. When the push rod mechanism pushes the slider to slide away from the entrance along slide rail, the slider will slide downward along slide rail, decreasing the tilt angle of the positive or negative electrode plate.
[0010] The discharge port of the electrostatic separation chamber is equipped with two baffle modules, which divide the discharge port into three parts along the electric field direction inside the electrostatic separation chamber.
[0011] The baffle module includes a vertically arranged upper baffle and two inclined and symmetrically arranged lower baffles, with one end of the upper baffle and the two lower baffles connected together.
[0012] The friction pipe has an air inlet near the feed inlet and a separation chamber near the electrostatic separation chamber. The outlet of the separation chamber is connected to the inlet of the electrostatic separation chamber, and the top of the separation chamber has an air outlet.
[0013] The friction pipe is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and has several bends.
[0014] The inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber is coated with polyurethane paint.
[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0016] The device of this invention utilizes the principle that different components of grain have different charges after friction when ground, and uses electrostatic separation technology to separate different components, which can effectively improve the enrichment of different components, improve the purity of separation and improve separation efficiency.
[0017] The device of this invention sets the positive and negative electrodes to have an adjustable tilt angle, which can adjust the distance between the two electrodes at the entrance of the electrostatic separation chamber, thereby increasing the electric field strength and enhancing the separation effect. Compared with increasing the voltage to enhance the electric field strength, this method saves energy.
[0018] The device of this invention uses tilted electrodes to increase the electrode spacing along the falling path of the grain components, thereby gradually reducing the electric field strength. This effectively prevents the grains from colliding with the electrodes under the influence of the electric field while ensuring the separation effect. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic separation chamber in Example 1;
[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section of the guide rail;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the electrostatic separation chamber structure in Example 2;
[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a section of the guide rail;
[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Sectional view along line A.
[0025] In the diagram: 1-feed inlet, 2-friction pipe, 21-air inlet, 22-separation chamber, 3-airflow outlet, 4-electrostatic separation chamber, 41-inlet, 42-positive electrode plate, 421-slider one, 422-slider two, 43-negative electrode plate, 44-slide rail one, 45-slide rail two, 46-baffle module, 47-slide groove, 48-push rod mechanism, 5-receiving trolley. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0027] Example 1
[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the adjustable electric field strength triboelectric separator of this embodiment includes a friction pipe 2 and an electrostatic separation chamber 4. One end of the friction pipe 2 is provided with an air inlet 21, and the friction pipe 2 is provided with a feed inlet 1 perpendicular to the pipe direction at that end.
[0029] The other end of the friction pipe 2 is provided with a separation chamber 22. The bottom outlet of the separation chamber 22 is connected to the inlet 41 of the electrostatic separation chamber 4. The top of the separation chamber 22 is provided with an air outlet 3.
[0030] The electrostatic separation chamber 4 has a discharge port at one end opposite to the inlet 41. Inside the electrostatic separation chamber 4, there are positive electrode plates 42 and negative electrode plates 43 arranged opposite to each other between the inlet 41 and the discharge port. The inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber 4 is provided with a slide rail. The inlet 41 of the electrostatic separation chamber 4 is located at the top middle position. The positive electrode plates 42 and negative electrode plates 43 are symmetrical about the inlet inside the electrostatic separation chamber 4.
[0031] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3In this embodiment, the top surface of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber 4 is symmetrically provided with two sets of horizontally arranged slide rails 44 relative to the entrance, and the bottom of the two side walls is symmetrically provided with two sets of vertically arranged slide rails 45 relative to the entrance. The upper and lower ends of the positive electrode plate 42 and the negative electrode plate 43 are respectively hinged to sliders 421 and 422, which are slidably connected to slide rails 44 and 45, respectively. This allows the upper and lower ends of the positive electrode plate 42 and the negative electrode plate 43 to be slidably connected to slide rails 44 and 45. Sliding the positive electrode plate 42 and the negative electrode plate 43 along the guide rails adjusts the tilt angle of the positive and negative electrode plates within the electrostatic separation chamber 4, thereby adjusting the electrostatic separation... The distance between the positive and negative plates at the entrance of the chamber is as follows: When slider 421 slides along slide rail 44 towards the entrance 41, slider 422 slides upward along slide rail 45, which increases the tilt angle of the positive or negative plate 42 relative to the electrostatic separation chamber 4, decreases the distance between the positive plate 42 and the negative plate 43 near the entrance 41, and increases the electric field strength. Similarly, when slider 421 slides along slide rail 44 away from the entrance, slider 422 slides downward along slide rail 45, decreases the tilt angle of the positive or negative plate 42, increases the distance between the positive plate 42 and the negative plate 43 near the entrance 41, and decreases the electric field strength.
[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, the discharge port of the electrostatic separation chamber 4 is equipped with two baffle modules 46. The two baffle modules 46 divide the discharge port into three parts along the electric field direction inside the electrostatic separation chamber 4. The baffle module 46 includes a vertically arranged upper baffle and two inclined and symmetrically arranged lower baffles. One end of the upper baffle and the two lower baffles are connected together. A receiving cart 5 is set at the bottom of the discharge port. The receiving cart 5 is equipped with three storage boxes, which correspond to the three parts of the discharge port that are divided. The separated materials enter the two storage boxes at both ends, and a small amount of unseparated material enters the middle storage box. The inclined lower baffle can guide the materials entering different areas to enter the corresponding storage boxes.
[0033] This embodiment takes wheat bran as an example. After grinding, the outer pericarp and aleurone layer need to be separated. The ground wheat bran is fed into the feed inlet 1, and a certain flow rate of gas is introduced from the air inlet 21 at one end of the friction pipe 2. The gas carries the material and rubs against the pipe wall and each other in the friction pipe 2. The outer pericarp and aleurone layer carry different charges. After the material enters the separation chamber 22, the space becomes larger and the gas flow rate decreases. The material falls downward into the electrostatic separation chamber 4 under the action of gravity, while most of the gas is discharged through the air outlet 3 at the top of the separation chamber 22. The material falling into the electrostatic separation chamber 4 passes through the electric field area formed by the positive and negative plates. The aleurone powder migrates to the vicinity of the negative plate under the action of the electric field, and the outer pericarp migrates to the vicinity of the positive plate and falls into the corresponding storage box respectively. A small amount of unseparated material enters the middle storage box, thereby improving the separation effect and efficiency of different components of the grain.
[0034] As the tilt angle of the positive and negative plates increases, the electric field strength at the inlet increases, the electrode spacing increases, and the electric field strength gradually decreases. As the material moves to both sides under the action of the electric field, the electrodes with gradually increasing spacing can effectively prevent the grain from colliding with the electrodes under the action of the electric field while ensuring the separation effect.
[0035] Example 2
[0036] The structure of the triboelectric separator in this embodiment is basically the same as that in Embodiment 1, except that:
[0037] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the top of the electrostatic separation chamber 4 is provided with a groove 47 corresponding to the slide rail 44. One end of the slider 421 extends out of the electrostatic separation chamber 4 through the groove 47. Figure 6 As shown, the top of the electrostatic separation chamber 4 is provided with a push rod mechanism 48. In this embodiment, the push rod mechanism 48 is an electric push rod or a hydraulic push rod. The push rod mechanism 48 pushes the slider 421 to slide back and forth along the slide groove 47 and the slide rail 44, thereby realizing the adjustment of the tilt angle of the positive plate or the negative plate.
[0038] In this embodiment, the friction pipe 2 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The outer pericarp and aleurone layer in the ground material rub against the pipe wall and acquire different charges. After passing through the electric field formed by the positive and negative plates, they are subjected to different electric forces. The aleurone layer powder migrates to the vicinity of the negative plate under the action of the electric field, and the outer pericarp migrates to the vicinity of the positive plate, thus being separated. The friction pipe 2 has several bends to increase the chance of friction between the material and the pipe wall.
[0039] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber 4 is coated with polyurethane paint to achieve the effect of insulation, and the angle of the positive and negative plates can be adjusted from 0 to 15°.
[0040] The technical solutions of this utility model are not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions obtained by equivalent substitution fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.
Claims
1. A triboelectric sorting device with adjustable electric field strength, characterized by: The utility model relates to a friction pipeline and electrostatic separation chamber, the friction pipeline is equipped with a feeding port at one end and is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic separation chamber at the other end, the electrostatic separation chamber is equipped with a discharging port at the opposite end of the inlet, and the electrostatic separation chamber is equipped with oppositely arranged positive plates and negative plates between the inlet and the discharging port, the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber is equipped with sliding rails, and the positive plates and the negative plates are slidingly connected to the sliding rails.
2. The triboelectric device of claim 1, wherein: The inlet of the electrostatic separation chamber is arranged at the middle position of the top, and the positive plates and the negative plates are symmetrically arranged in the electrostatic separation chamber relative to the inlet.
3. The triboelectric device of claim 2, wherein: The top surface of the inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber is symmetrically equipped with two groups of sliding rails one arranged horizontally, and the two side walls are symmetrically equipped with two groups of sliding rails two arranged longitudinally relative to the inlet, and the upper and lower ends of the positive plates and the negative plates are slidingly connected to a group of sliding rails one and sliding rails two respectively; the positive plates and the negative plates are slidingly adjusted to adjust the inclination angle of the positive plates and the negative plates in the electrostatic separation chamber and the distance between the positive plates and the negative plates at the inlet of the electrostatic separation chamber.
4. The triboelectric device of claim 3, wherein: The upper and lower ends of the positive plates and the negative plates are respectively hingedly connected with sliding blocks one and sliding blocks two, and the sliding blocks one and the sliding blocks two are slidingly connected to the sliding rails one and the sliding rails two respectively.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 wherein: the electric field strength is adjustable. The top of the electrostatic separation chamber is equipped with a sliding groove corresponding to the sliding rails one, one end of the sliding blocks one extends out of the electrostatic separation chamber through the sliding groove, the top of the electrostatic separation chamber is equipped with a push rod mechanism, and the push rod mechanism pushes the sliding blocks one to slide along the sliding groove and the sliding rails one; when the push rod mechanism pushes the sliding blocks one to slide along the sliding rails one towards the inlet, the sliding blocks two slide upwards along the sliding rails two, and the inclination angle of the positive plates or the negative plates increases; when the push rod mechanism pushes the sliding blocks one to slide along the sliding rails one away from the inlet, the sliding blocks two slide downwards along the sliding rails two, and the inclination angle of the positive plates or the negative plates decreases.
6. A triboelectric selection device of adjustable electric field strength according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The discharging port of the electrostatic separation chamber is equipped with two baffle modules, and the two baffle modules divide the discharging port into three parts along the direction of the electric field in the electrostatic separation chamber.
7. The triboelectric device of claim 6, wherein: The baffle module comprises an upper baffle arranged vertically and two lower baffles arranged symmetrically and inclinedly, and one end of the upper baffle and the two lower baffles is connected together.
8. The triboelectric device of claim 7, wherein: The friction pipeline is equipped with an air inlet near the feeding port and a separation bin near the electrostatic separation chamber, the outlet of the separation bin is connected with the inlet of the electrostatic separation chamber, and the separation bin is equipped with an air outlet at the top.
9. The triboelectric device of claim 8, wherein: The friction pipeline is made of polytetrafluoroethylene material and is equipped with a plurality of bends.
10. The triboelectric device of claim 9, wherein: The inner wall of the electrostatic separation chamber is coated with polyurethane paint.