Integrated device suitable for independent toilet black water treatment

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated device suitable for independent toilet black water treatment, which comprises a reaction tank provided with a black water inlet pipe and a black water outlet pipe, and is characterized in that a dynamic membrane component device is also mounted in an inner cavity of the reaction tank, is integrally cylindrical, and comprises two bottom plates positioned on the end surfaces of the two ends; the first biofilm hanging net component is located on the outermost side between the bottom plates, second biofilm hanging net components which are coaxially arranged are arranged on the inner side of the first biofilm hanging net component at intervals, water pumping pipelines are arranged in the second biofilm hanging net components, and the water inlet end of the black water outlet pipe is connected into the reaction tank and communicated with the water pumping pipelines. The device is designed for black water treatment of the independent toilets, the requirement for small-quantity black water treatment of the independent toilets can be met immediately and efficiently, a feasible solution is provided for black water treatment of the independent toilets such as public toilets (such as scenic spot toilets) in rural areas and remote areas, and resource utilization of the toilet black water is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of wastewater treatment technology, specifically an integrated device suitable for treating black water in independent toilets. Background Technology

[0002] Blackwater refers to sewage, primarily originating from toilet waste and wastewater from flushing. With rapid urban population growth and rising living standards, toilet emissions are continuously increasing, especially blackwater from toilet flushing, which has become a significant component of urban domestic sewage. Blackwater contains high concentrations of organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, pathogenic microorganisms, and suspended solids, characterized by high pollution load, significant treatment difficulty, and high hygiene risks. Furthermore, the current dual pressures of water scarcity and environmental pollution highlight the increasing importance of blackwater treatment. On the one hand, if discharged directly without proper treatment, the high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in blackwater will lead to eutrophication, severely disrupting the ecosystem balance. On the other hand, pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and parasite eggs carried in blackwater may also pose a threat to public health and safety. Therefore, promoting the efficient treatment and resource utilization of blackwater not only helps improve environmental quality but also plays a crucial role in achieving wastewater reduction, harmlessness, and resource recovery.

[0003] Blackwater from urban toilets is typically mixed directly with regular domestic sewage before being discharged into wastewater treatment plants. However, the high concentration of substances to be treated in blackwater increases the load on wastewater treatment systems. Some wastewater treatment plants have dedicated systems for blackwater treatment, but these require multiple treatment steps and specialized treatment tanks, resulting in complex structures and cumbersome processes.

[0004] Meanwhile, in vast rural areas, black wastewater from toilets is typically discharged directly into septic tanks for natural fermentation and then used as fertilizer. The unsanitary conditions are so poor that they no longer meet the needs of some rural residents who seek a higher quality of life. Furthermore, in some scenic areas far from cities, the treatment of black wastewater from toilets usually requires transporting it by vehicle to a sewage treatment plant, which is extremely inconvenient.

[0005] Therefore, how to design a small, integrated device with a simple structure that can better treat black water from independent toilets, so as to reduce pollutant emissions while achieving energy recovery, and provide a practical solution for black water treatment in independent toilets in rural and remote areas (such as toilets in scenic areas), has become a problem that needs to be considered and solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is: how to provide a miniaturized integrated device for black water treatment in independent toilets, so that it can meet the black water treatment needs of independent toilets in a timely and efficient manner, and provide a practical solution for black water treatment in public toilets (such as toilets in scenic areas) in rural and remote areas.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] An integrated device for treating black water in independent toilets includes a reaction tank with a black water inlet pipe and a black water outlet pipe. The device is characterized by having a dynamic membrane assembly installed inside the reaction tank. The dynamic membrane assembly is cylindrical in shape and includes two bottom plates at both ends and a first membrane-attached mesh component located on the outermost side between the bottom plates. Second membrane-attached mesh components are coaxially arranged on the inner side of the first membrane-attached mesh component, and a pumping pipe is installed inside the second membrane-attached mesh component. The inlet end of the black water outlet pipe connects to the inside of the reaction tank and is connected to the pumping pipe. The second membrane-attached mesh component is used for the attachment of water treatment microorganisms to generate a dynamic membrane. The mesh size of the first membrane-attached mesh component is larger than that of the second membrane-attached mesh component.

[0009] This is because the black water from toilets contains a large number of large-diameter solid particles from feces and toilet paper. Therefore, the device of this invention is equipped with two layers of attached membrane mesh components. The mesh size of the second attached membrane mesh component in the second layer is set according to the mesh size that can generate a dynamic membrane. The dynamic membrane water treatment technology is an existing new water treatment technology. Its basic principle is to use a dynamic membrane instead of a traditional static membrane. By using a mesh substrate with large pores as the attached membrane mesh component, an activated sludge filter cake layer formed rapidly by water treatment microorganisms is attached to it to achieve high-precision separation, while simultaneously achieving the purpose of enhanced denitrification and reduced energy consumption. The activated sludge filter cake layer formed by this attachment is the dynamic membrane. In this invention, based on the traditional dynamic membrane structure, a first biofilm component with a larger mesh size is added to the outside. This first biofilm component also attaches microorganisms to form a membrane-like active bacterial community structure, while retaining a larger mesh size. Thus, this first biofilm component enables preliminary biochemical treatment of the flowing wastewater, while also achieving physical filtration of the wastewater, blocking the passage of large-diameter solid particles and preventing them from entering and damaging the second biofilm component. Therefore, this equipment is more suitable for the direct treatment of black wastewater from toilets.

[0010] Furthermore, both the first and second film-attached mesh components are made of stainless steel mesh.

[0011] This design offers advantages such as structural stability, reliability, and low cost.

[0012] Furthermore, the mesh size of the first biofilm-attached mesh component ranges from 90 to 100 μm, with an optimal value of 96 μm, while the mesh size of the second biofilm-attached mesh component ranges from 45 to 55 μm, with an optimal value of 48 μm. This design better ensures the formation of the dynamic membrane and facilitates the aforementioned water treatment process.

[0013] Furthermore, the water outlet end of the dynamic membrane module device is also provided with a water outlet chamber interlayer. The water pumping pipes are multiple and arranged in a ring at adjacent locations inside the second membrane mesh component. Water pumping holes are evenly distributed on each water pumping pipe. One end of the water pumping pipe is connected to the water outlet chamber interlayer. The water outlet chamber interlayer is connected to the water inlet end of the black water outlet pipe.

[0014] This structure offers two key advantages: First, it ensures a more uniform and consistent water intake efficiency along the axial direction of the second biofilm mesh component, guaranteeing a stable and consistent rate of dynamic biofilm formation and preventing uneven biofilm formation caused by inconsistent water flow velocities, which could negatively impact water treatment efficiency. Second, the pumping pipe itself forms a substrate for water treatment bacteria, further enriching the types of bacteria and improving treatment effectiveness. Specifically, this creates a triple-layered active biofilm in different locations. The outermost layer (on the first biofilm mesh component) is in initial contact with the blackwater, where the higher oxygen content results in a relatively high proportion of aerobic bacteria. The middle layer (on the second biofilm mesh component) exhibits a decrease in aerobic bacteria and an increase in anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. The innermost layer, located in the pumping pipe, further reduces aerobic bacteria and increases the proportion of anaerobic, facultative anaerobic, and anaerobic bacteria. This results in a richer and more comprehensive water treatment bacterial community, significantly improving the biochemical treatment of blackwater.

[0015] Furthermore, the dynamic membrane assembly is a vertically oriented cylindrical shape and is fixed in the middle of the reaction vessel.

[0016] This better ensures the uniformity of water treatment in all directions.

[0017] Furthermore, a stirring device is installed at the bottom of the reaction tank's inner cavity. This allows for better stirring and treatment of the black water, breaking down solid materials such as feces and toilet paper in the black water for easier subsequent processing.

[0018] Furthermore, the stirring device is a magnetic stirring device, which includes a magnetic stir bar located at the bottom of the reaction vessel's inner cavity and a magnetic stirring base located outside the lower end of the reaction vessel. This enables contactless stirring and avoids the risk of wastewater overflow.

[0019] Furthermore, the black water inlet pipe is connected to the lower side of the reaction tank, and the inlet end of the black water inlet pipe is connected to a black water storage tank. A stirring mechanism is installed in the black water storage tank, and an inlet pump is installed on the black water inlet pipe.

[0020] In this way, the black water storage tank is used to initially store and ferment toilet sewage and feces. The stirring mechanism initially breaks down solid materials such as feces and toilet paper, making them evenly mixed with sewage, so that the water pump can easily draw in water.

[0021] Furthermore, the black water outlet pipe is connected to the upper end of the reaction tank, and a water pressure gauge and a water pump are also installed on the black water outlet pipe. In this way, the water pump can better provide water circulation power, while the water pressure gauge can better detect and record the transmembrane pressure difference of the dynamic membrane module.

[0022] Furthermore, an exhaust pipe is installed at the top of the reaction vessel, which is connected to a gas collection device.

[0023] This allows for better collection of biogas generated from biochemical reactions, which can then be recycled and treated as combustible fuel.

[0024] Furthermore, a nitrogen gas pipe with a switch valve is connected to the upper end of the reaction vessel, and the nitrogen gas pipe is connected to a nitrogen cylinder. In this way, when needed, nitrogen can be released from the nitrogen cylinder to expel the air inside the reaction vessel, thereby better achieving an anaerobic environment inside the reaction vessel.

[0025] Furthermore, a treatment agent dosing pipe is connected to the upper end of the reaction vessel, and a treatment agent quantitative dosing device is installed on the treatment agent dosing pipe.

[0026] In this way, auxiliary treatment materials such as biochar can be added to the reaction tank through a quantitative dosing device. In specific implementation, manganese-loaded biochar material can be added. Manganese-loaded biochar is an existing biochar material that is modified by loading manganese oxides onto biochar. This results in a large number of small manganese oxide particles on the surface of the biochar material, increasing the surface roughness, external surface area, pore volume, and introducing new functional groups, which can better improve the black water treatment effect.

[0027] Furthermore, a drain pipe with a switch valve is installed at the bottom of the reaction tank, allowing sludge to be periodically pumped out and discharged.

[0028] Compared with traditional anaerobic membrane technology, the effective results of this invention are: (1) Better membrane fouling control: The dynamically formed filter cake layer is looser than that of traditional anaerobic membrane technology, making it easier to remove by hydraulic scouring, reducing the risk of membrane pore blockage and reducing the frequency of chemical cleaning. (2) Increased membrane flux: Under the same operating conditions, the membrane flux of dynamic membranes is usually 20%-50% higher than that of traditional anaerobic membrane technology, because the dynamic mechanism reduces concentration polarization and filter cake layer resistance, thereby improving treatment efficiency. (3) Reduced operating costs: Traditional anaerobic membrane technology relies on high-cost microfiltration membranes and nanofiltration membranes, and high-energy-consuming intermittent backwashing or high cross-flow rate to control fouling. Dynamic membranes, on the other hand, utilize low-cost, large-pore, inexpensive materials, and reduce the frequency of physical and chemical cleaning through mechanical or hydraulic self-cleaning, thereby reducing mechanical damage and chemical corrosion of membrane materials, extending the membrane replacement cycle by more than 30%, reducing energy consumption, and resulting in lower long-term operating costs.

[0029] In summary, this device is designed for black water treatment in independent toilets. It can meet the small-scale black water treatment needs of independent toilets in a timely and efficient manner. It can directly discharge black water that meets standards after treatment and generate clean energy. It provides a practical solution for black water treatment in independent toilets in rural and remote areas (such as toilets in scenic areas) and is conducive to the resource utilization of toilet black water. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0032] Optimal Implementation: See Figure 1 An integrated device for treating black water in independent toilets includes a reaction tank 1, a black water inlet pipe 2 and a black water outlet pipe 3. The device is characterized by a dynamic membrane assembly installed inside the reaction tank. The dynamic membrane assembly is cylindrical in shape and includes two bottom plates 4 at both ends and a first membrane-attached mesh component 5 located on the outermost side between the bottom plates 4. Second membrane-attached mesh components 6 are coaxially arranged on the inner side of the first membrane-attached mesh component 5, and a water pumping pipe 7 is installed inside the second membrane-attached mesh component 6. The inlet end of the black water outlet pipe 3 connects to the inside of the reaction tank and is connected to the water pumping pipe 7. The second membrane-attached mesh component 6 is used for the attachment of water treatment microorganisms to generate a dynamic membrane. The mesh size of the first membrane-attached mesh component 5 is larger than that of the second membrane-attached mesh component 6.

[0033] This is because the black water from toilets contains a large number of large-diameter solid particles from feces and toilet paper. Therefore, the device of this invention is equipped with two layers of attached membrane mesh components. The mesh size of the second attached membrane mesh component in the second layer is set according to the mesh size that can generate a dynamic membrane. The dynamic membrane water treatment technology is an existing new water treatment technology. Its basic principle is to use a dynamic membrane instead of a traditional static membrane. By using a mesh substrate with large pores as the attached membrane mesh component, an activated sludge filter cake layer formed rapidly by water treatment microorganisms is attached to it to achieve high-precision separation, while simultaneously achieving the purpose of enhanced denitrification and reduced energy consumption. The activated sludge filter cake layer formed by this attachment is the dynamic membrane. In this invention, based on the traditional dynamic membrane structure, a first biofilm component with a larger mesh size is added to the outside. This first biofilm component also attaches microorganisms to form a membrane-like active bacterial community structure, while retaining a larger mesh size. Thus, this first biofilm component enables preliminary biochemical treatment of the flowing wastewater, while also achieving physical filtration of the wastewater, blocking the passage of large-diameter solid particles and preventing them from entering and damaging the second biofilm component. Therefore, this equipment is more suitable for the direct treatment of black wastewater from toilets.

[0034] The first film-attached mesh component 5 and the second film-attached mesh component 6 are both stainless steel mesh.

[0035] This design offers advantages such as structural stability, reliability, and low cost.

[0036] The first biofilm-attached mesh component has a mesh size of 96 μm (which can also be adjusted within the range of 90-100 μm), and the second biofilm-attached mesh component has a mesh size of 48 μm (which can also be adjusted within the range of 45-55 μm). This design better ensures the formation of the dynamic membrane and enables the aforementioned water treatment process.

[0037] The dynamic membrane module device is provided with an outlet chamber 8 at the outlet end. Multiple pumping pipes 7 are arranged in a ring inside the second membrane mesh component. Pumping holes are evenly distributed on each pumping pipe 7. One end of the pumping pipe is connected to the outlet chamber 8. The outlet chamber 8 is connected to the inlet end of the black water outlet pipe 3.

[0038] This structure offers two key advantages: First, it ensures a more uniform and consistent water intake efficiency along the axial direction of the second biofilm mesh component, guaranteeing a stable and consistent rate of dynamic biofilm formation and preventing uneven biofilm formation caused by inconsistent water flow velocities, which could negatively impact water treatment efficiency. Second, the pumping pipe itself forms a substrate for water treatment bacteria, further enriching the types of bacteria and improving treatment effectiveness. Specifically, this creates a triple-layered active biofilm in different locations. The outermost layer (on the first biofilm mesh component) is in initial contact with the blackwater, where the higher oxygen content results in a relatively high proportion of aerobic bacteria. The middle layer (on the second biofilm mesh component) exhibits a decrease in aerobic bacteria and an increase in anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. The innermost layer, located in the pumping pipe, further reduces aerobic bacteria and increases the proportion of anaerobic, facultative anaerobic, and anaerobic bacteria. This results in a richer and more comprehensive water treatment bacterial community, significantly improving the biochemical treatment of blackwater.

[0039] The dynamic membrane assembly is a vertically arranged cylindrical shape and is fixed in the middle of the reaction vessel 1.

[0040] This better ensures the uniformity of water treatment in all directions.

[0041] The bottom of the inner cavity of reaction tank 1 is also equipped with a stirring device. This allows for better stirring and treatment of the black water, breaking down solid materials such as feces and toilet paper in the black water for easier subsequent processing.

[0042] The stirring device is a magnetic stirring device, which includes a magnetic stir bar 9 located at the bottom of the reaction vessel's inner cavity and a magnetic stirring base 10 located outside the lower end of the reaction vessel. This enables contactless stirring and avoids the risk of wastewater overflow.

[0043] The black water inlet pipe 2 is connected to the lower side of the reaction tank. The inlet end of the black water inlet pipe is connected to a black water storage tank 11. A stirring mechanism is installed in the black water storage tank. A water pump 12 is installed on the black water inlet pipe.

[0044] In this way, the black water storage tank is used to initially store and ferment toilet sewage and feces. The stirring mechanism initially breaks down solid materials such as feces and toilet paper, making them evenly mixed with sewage, so that the water pump can easily draw in water.

[0045] The black water outlet pipe 3 is connected to the upper end of the reaction tank, and a water pressure gauge 13 and a water pump 14 are also installed on the black water outlet pipe 3. In this way, the water pump can better provide water power for water circulation, and the water pressure gauge can better detect and record the transmembrane pressure difference of the dynamic membrane module.

[0046] The upper end of the reaction vessel 1 is also equipped with an exhaust pipe 15, which is connected to a gas collection device 16.

[0047] This allows for better collection of biogas generated from biochemical reactions, which can then be recycled and treated as combustible fuel.

[0048] The upper part of the reaction vessel is also connected to a nitrogen pipe 17 with a switch valve, which is connected to a nitrogen cylinder 18. This allows nitrogen to be released from the nitrogen cylinder when needed to expel the air inside the reaction vessel, thus better achieving an anaerobic environment inside the reaction vessel.

[0049] The upper end of the reaction vessel is also connected to a treatment agent dosing pipe, and a treatment agent quantitative dosing device 19 is installed on the treatment agent dosing pipe.

[0050] In this way, auxiliary treatment materials such as biochar can be added to the reaction tank through a quantitative dosing device. In specific implementation, manganese-loaded biochar material can be added. Manganese-loaded biochar is an existing biochar material that is modified by loading manganese oxides onto biochar. This results in a large number of small manganese oxide particles on the surface of the biochar material, increasing the surface roughness, external surface area, pore volume, and introducing new functional groups, which can better improve the black water treatment effect.

[0051] The bottom of the reaction tank is also equipped with a drain pipe 20 with a switch valve, which allows for the periodic removal and discharge of sludge.

[0052] This device can efficiently treat toilet wastewater and recover clean energy within a single reactor, reducing treatment costs, achieving the goal of resource utilization of toilet wastewater, and directly meeting discharge standards. Verified by the applicant, the integrated device can treat wastewater to a concentration of 5000 mg / L. After treatment, the pollutant concentrations in the wastewater are: COD 120 mg / L, meeting the discharge standards of "Urban Wastewater Discharge Standard GB18918-2002".

Claims

1. A kind of integrated device suitable for independent toilet black water treatment, comprising reaction tank, black water inlet pipe and black water outlet pipe are provided on reaction tank, it is characterized in that, A dynamic membrane assembly device is also installed in the inner cavity of the reaction tank, which is in the shape of a cylinder as a whole, including two end plates at the two ends and a first membrane-hanging net component at the outermost position between the two end plates, and a second membrane-hanging net component is coaxially arranged at the inner side of the first membrane-hanging net component at intervals, and a water pumping pipeline is arranged in the second membrane-hanging net component, and the water inlet end of the black water outlet pipeline is connected to the inside of the reaction tank and communicates with the water pumping pipeline, and the second membrane-hanging net component is used for the attachment of water treatment microbial bacteria to generate a dynamic membrane, and the mesh size of the first membrane-hanging net component is larger than that of the second membrane-hanging net component.

2. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 1, wherein: The first membrane-hanging net component and the second membrane-hanging net component are both stainless steel nets.

3. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 2, wherein: The mesh size of the first membrane-hanging net component is 90-100 μm, and the mesh size of the second membrane-hanging net component is 45-55 μm.

4. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 1, wherein: The dynamic membrane assembly is in the shape of a vertically arranged cylinder and is fixed at the middle position of the reaction tank.

5. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 1, wherein: A stirring device is also arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the reaction tank.

6. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 5, wherein: The stirring device is a magnetic stirring device, which includes a magnetic stirring sub arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the reaction tank and a magnetic stirring base arranged at the outer lower end of the reaction tank.

7. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 1, wherein: The black water inlet pipeline is connected to the lower end position of the side of the reaction tank, and a black water storage pool is connected to the water inlet end of the black water inlet pipeline, and a stirring mechanism is arranged in the black water storage pool, and a water inlet pump is installed on the black water inlet pipeline.

8. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 1, wherein: The black water outlet pipeline is connected to the upper end position of the reaction tank, and a water pressure gauge and a water outlet pump are also installed on the black water outlet pipeline.

9. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 1, wherein: An exhaust pipe is also arranged at the upper end of the reaction tank, and the exhaust pipe is connected to a gas collecting device.

10. The integrated device suitable for blackwater treatment in standalone toilet according to claim 1, wherein: A nitrogen pipeline with a switch valve is also connected to the upper end of the reaction tank, and the nitrogen pipeline is connected to a nitrogen cylinder. A treatment agent adding pipeline is also connected to the upper end of the reaction tank, and a treatment agent quantitative adding device is installed on the treatment agent adding pipeline. A blowdown pipeline with a switch valve is also installed at the bottom of the reaction tank.

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