Replacement structure for preventing salt freezing damage of water conveyance canal without ice cover in winter in seasonal frozen soil region

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of salt freezing prevention of water conveyance canals, and particularly relates to a replacement structure for salt freezing damage prevention of a water conveyance canal without an ice cover in winter in a seasonal frozen soil region. The problems that in the prior art, a seasonal water conveying channel cannot effectively isolate salt migration and cannot actively regulate and control the temperature are solved. Comprising composite gradient replacement, composite gradient replacement, a phase change energy storage interlayer and an intelligent drainage system filling layer. Through composite gradient replacement, a phase change energy storage interlayer, an intelligent drainage system filling layer and the like, the upper portion of the water conveying channel is buried through a prefabricated plate, then self-adaptive repairing is conducted through an elastic supporting block, when water permeates, water is rapidly discharged into surrounding soil through the composite gradient replacement, meanwhile, salt can be discharged along with the water, and therefore the salt content of the water conveying channel is reduced. Normal work of the water conveying channel is prevented from being affected by severe winter damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of anti-salt freezing technology for water conveyance channels, specifically a replacement structure for preventing damage from salt freezing in water conveyance channels without ice cover in winter in seasonally frozen soil areas. Background Technology

[0002] The replacement structure used in seasonally frozen soil regions to prevent salt frost damage to ice-free water conveyance channels in winter is a special structure that can effectively prevent channel damage caused by salt frost. It is usually composed of a variety of materials and components.

[0003] Currently available replacement structures are generally single-layer gravel replacement and single-layer insulation layer replacement. However, such replacement structures cannot effectively block salt migration and temperature conduction. In addition, single insulation layer replacement is prone to aging and cannot actively regulate temperature. Therefore, we propose a replacement structure for preventing salt freezing damage in ice-free water conveyance channels in seasonally frozen soil regions during winter. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems of existing seasonal water conveyance channels failing to effectively prevent salt migration and actively regulate temperature, this invention provides a replacement structure for ice-free water conveyance channels in seasonally frozen soil regions to prevent salt frost damage in winter. Through composite gradient replacement, phase change energy storage interlayer, and intelligent drainage system filling layer, the top of the water conveyance channel is covered with precast slabs and then adaptively repaired using elastic support blocks. When water seeps in, the composite gradient replacement rapidly discharges the water into the surrounding soil, while simultaneously removing salt along with the water, preventing damage from severe winters from affecting the normal operation of the water conveyance channel.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution is as follows: a replacement structure for preventing salt frost damage in ice-free water conveyance channels in seasonally frozen soil regions during winter, comprising,

[0006] A composite gradient replacement layer is installed along the channel slope within a range of 1.2-1.5 times the freezing depth above the water level, and from top to bottom, it consists of:

[0007] (a) Graded gravel layer, 20-30cm thick, with a permeability coefficient ≥1×10⁻⁶. -3 m / s;

[0008] (b) Hydrophobic perlite insulation layer, 8-12cm thick, with a thermal conductivity ≤0.05W / (m·K);

[0009] (c) A composite layer of bentonite waterproofing blanket and geomembrane, 3-5 mm thick, with a permeability coefficient ≤1×10⁻⁶. -9 m / s;

[0010] A phase change energy storage interlayer is disposed between the graded gravel layer and the bentonite waterproof blanket, containing a paraffin-based phase change material, with a thickness of 3-5 cm and a phase change temperature of 0-5 °C.

[0011] The intelligent drainage system filling layer includes an HDPE corrugated pipe with a pressure sensor buried along the bottom of the composite gradient replacement layer. The corrugated pipe is connected to the drainage pump through an Internet of Things terminal, and a blind ditch with a check valve is set at the toe of the slope.

[0012] The adaptive lining structure is composed of modular precast concrete connecting slabs, with 5-8mm expansion joints reserved between the slabs and filled with silicone sealant. Elastic support pads are set at the bottom of the slabs, and the compression modulus is 15-20MPa.

[0013] Furthermore, the replacement width of the composite gradient replacement layer decreases with depth, forming a trapezoidal cross-section, with the bottom width being 60-80% of the top width. Thermally conductive reinforcing fibers are uniformly distributed within the phase change energy storage interlayer, with a fiber diameter of 0.1-0.3 mm, a length of 5-10 mm, and a volume percentage of 3-5%.

[0014] Furthermore, the HDPE corrugated pipe surface of the filling layer of the intelligent drainage system is provided with a micropore array with a pore size of 0.5-1.0mm and an open porosity of 15-20%, and an integrated temperature sensor. The elastic support pad is made of closed-cell rubber and plastic foam material with a thickness of 2-3cm and a water absorption rate of ≤0.5%.

[0015] Furthermore, the surface of the precast concrete connecting plate is provided with anti-slip ridges, the ridge height is 3-5mm and the spacing is 10-15mm.

[0016] Furthermore, the check valve has an opening pressure of 5-10 kPa, and the valve body material is cold-resistant rubber with a Shore hardness of 60-70A.

[0017] Furthermore, a frost-resistant drainage ditch is provided at the toe of the composite gradient replacement layer, with a depth of 1.0-1.5 times the freezing depth, and the ditch is filled with graded crushed stone with a particle size of 20-40mm.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are at least as follows:

[0019] 1) When using composite gradient replacement layers, phase change energy storage interlayers, and intelligent drainage system filling layers, the gravel layer in the composite gradient replacement layer, with its excellent permeability, can efficiently drain water that has seeped into the soil, greatly reducing the risk of frost heave; the hydrophobic perlite insulation layer provides good thermal insulation performance, effectively reducing heat loss and alleviating the freezing degree of the soil around the channel; the bentonite waterproof blanket and the geomembrane composite layer work closely together to prevent water from continuing to seep down, maintaining the stability of the channel in all aspects. Through the above design, it is possible to effectively isolate salt migration and actively regulate temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the upper internal layer of this utility model.

[0023] The diagram shows: 1. Water conveyance channel; 2. Composite gradient replacement; 3. Phase change energy storage interlayer; 4. Intelligent drainage system filling layer; 5. Corrugated pipe; 6. Anti-expansion drainage ditch; 7. Elastic support block; 8. Adaptive lining structure. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, these embodiments do not limit the present invention, and any structural, methodological, or functional modifications made by those skilled in the art based on these embodiments are included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model aims to provide a replacement structure for preventing salt frost damage in ice-free water conveyance channels in seasonally frozen soil regions during winter, in order to solve the problems of existing seasonal water conveyance channels being unable to effectively isolate salt migration and unable to actively regulate temperature. Based on the above functions, the entire device includes a water conveyance channel 1, a composite gradient replacement 2, a phase change energy storage interlayer 3, and an intelligent drainage system filling layer 4.

[0026] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the composite gradient replacement layer 2 is set along the channel slope within a range of 1.2-1.5 times the freezing depth above the water level line, and from top to bottom, it consists of:

[0027] (a) Graded gravel layer, 20-30cm thick, with a permeability coefficient ≥1×10⁻⁶. -3 m / s;

[0028] (b) Hydrophobic perlite insulation layer, 8-12cm thick, with a thermal conductivity ≤0.05W / (m·K);

[0029] (c) A composite layer of bentonite waterproofing blanket and geomembrane, 3-5 mm thick, with a permeability coefficient ≤1×10⁻⁶. -9 m / s;

[0030] Phase change energy storage interlayer 3 is disposed between the graded gravel layer and the bentonite waterproof blanket, contains paraffin-based phase change material, has a thickness of 3-5 cm, and a phase change temperature of 0-5 °C.

[0031] The intelligent drainage system filling layer 4 includes an HDPE corrugated pipe 5 with a pressure sensor buried along the bottom of the composite gradient replacement layer 2. The corrugated pipe 5 is connected to the drainage pump through an Internet of Things terminal, and a blind ditch with a check valve is set at the slope toe.

[0032] The adaptive lining structure 8 is composed of modular precast concrete interlocking slabs, with 5-8mm expansion joints between the slabs filled with silicone sealant. Elastic support pads 7 are installed at the bottom of the slabs. The compressive modulus is 15-20MPa. The replacement width of the composite gradient replacement layer 2 decreases with depth, forming a trapezoidal cross-section, with the bottom width being 60-80% of the top width. Thermally conductive reinforcing fibers are uniformly distributed within the phase change energy storage interlayer, with fiber diameters of 0.1-0.3mm, lengths of 5-10mm, and a volume percentage of 3-5%. The surface of the HDPE corrugated pipe 5 in the intelligent drainage system filling layer 4 is provided with a microporous array, with pore sizes of 0.5- The precast concrete connecting slab has anti-slip ridges with a height of 3-5mm and a spacing of 10-15mm. The 7 elastic support pads are made of closed-cell rubber-plastic foam material with a thickness of 2-3cm and a water absorption rate of ≤0.5%. The surface of the precast concrete connecting slab is provided with anti-slip ridges with a height of 3-5mm and a spacing of 10-15mm. The opening pressure of the check valve is 5-10kPa, and the valve body material is cold-resistant rubber with a Shore hardness of 60-70A. The slope foot of the composite gradient replacement layer is provided with an anti-freezing drainage ditch 5 with a depth of 1.0-1.5 times the freezing depth and the ditch is filled with graded crushed stone with a particle size of 20-40mm.

[0033] Specifically, before construction, a total station was used to locate the center line of the water conveyance channel 1 according to the design drawings. A control stake was designed every 5m along the slope direction. The result was calculated based on the freezing depth, and the height control line of the top and bottom surfaces of the replacement layer was marked on the slope. Then, the outline of the composite gradient replacement 2 was sprinkled with lime.

[0034] After completing the above steps, mechanical excavation of the composite gradient replacement 2 is carried out, with a 30cm manual cleaning layer reserved. After excavation, the original soil is compacted using a plate vibrator, and a 10cm layer of crushed stone is laid on top. A waterproof blanket and geomembrane composite layer are laid along the direction of the water conveyance channel 1 and welded using a specialized welding machine. Then, for the construction facilities in the phase change energy storage interlayer 3, the paraffin-based phase change material is mixed with fiber according to the design ratio and constructed using mechanical spreading, with a layer thickness ≤5cm. The layers are compacted to the design thickness using a wooden rammer. Temperature sensors are embedded at intervals ≤2m to achieve real-time data transmission with IoT terminals. Finally, at the center of the composite gradient replacement 2 centerline... A 30×30cm trench was excavated at the line location, with a 5cm thick layer of medium-coarse sand laid at the bottom. Corrugated pipe 5 was installed at a 1% slope with the micropores facing downwards, and the joints were welded by hot melt. Pressure sensors were installed every 10m and tested in conjunction with the IoT terminal. Prefabricated pads made of closed-cell rubber and plastic foam material, 100×100×20mm in size, were arranged in a quincunx pattern with a spacing of 30cm and fixed with epoxy resin. Finally, drainage ditches 1.2 times the freezing depth were excavated 1.5m away from both sides of the water conveyance channel 1. The ditches were backfilled in layers with crushed stone (particle size 20-40mm) and medium sand, with each layer compacted to a degree ≥93%, in order to isolate salt migration and autonomously regulate temperature.

[0035] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0036] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible implementations of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent implementations or modifications made without departing from the spirit of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A replacement structure for preventing salt damage of a channel for water conveyance without ice cover in winter in a seasonally frozen ground region, characterized by: Comprise, The composite gradient replacement layer is arranged along the range of 1.2-1.5 times of the freezing depth above the water level line of the channel slope, and is sequentially provided with the following layers from top to bottom: (a) graded sand-gravel layer, thickness 20-30 cm, permeability coefficient > 1 x 10 -3 m / s; (b) a hydrophobic perlite thermal insulation layer with a thickness of 8-12 cm and a thermal conductivity of ≤0.05 W / (m·K); (c) bentonite waterproof blanket and geomembrane composite layer, thickness 3-5mm, permeability coefficient ≤1x10 -9 m / s; The phase change energy storage interlayer is arranged between the graded sand gravel layer and the bentonite waterproof blanket, contains a paraffin-based phase change material, has a thickness of 3-5 cm, and has a phase change temperature of 0-5℃; The intelligent drainage system filling layer comprises an HDPE corrugated pipe with a pressure sensor arranged along the bottom of the composite gradient replacement layer, the corrugated pipe is connected with a drainage pump through an Internet of Things terminal, and a blind drain with a non-return valve is arranged at the slope foot; The self-adaptive lining structure is composed of modular prefabricated concrete connecting plates, 5-8 mm deformation joints are reserved between the plates and filled with silicone sealant, and elastic support cushion blocks are arranged at the bottom of the plates and have a compression modulus of 15-20 MPa.

2. The replacement structure for preventing salt damage of the channel in the seasonally frozen ground region in winter without ice cover for water delivery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The replacement width of the composite gradient replacement layer decreases with the depth, forming a trapezoidal section, the bottom width is 60-80% of the top width, the phase change energy storage interlayer is uniformly distributed with heat-conducting enhancement fibers, the fiber diameter is 0.1-0.3 mm, the length is 5-10 mm, and the volume fraction is 3-5%.

3. The replacement structure for preventing salt damage of the channel in the seasonally frozen ground region in winter without ice cover for water delivery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The HDPE corrugated pipe of the intelligent drainage system filling layer is provided with a micropore array on the surface, the pore diameter is 0.5-1.0 mm, the opening rate is 15-20%, and the temperature sensor is integrated inside, the elastic support cushion block is made of closed-cell rubber-plastic foaming material, the thickness is 2-3 cm, and the water absorption rate is ≤0.5%.

4. The replacement structure for preventing salt damage of the channel with no ice cover in winter in seasonally frozen ground region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The prefabricated concrete connecting plate is provided with anti-slip ridges on the surface, the ridge height is 3-5 mm, and the spacing is 10-15 mm.

5. The replacement structure for preventing salt damage of the channel with no ice cover in winter in seasonally frozen ground region according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening pressure of the non-return valve is 5-10 kPa, the valve body material is cold-resistant rubber, and the Shore hardness is 60-70A.

6. The replacement structure for preventing salt damage of the channel in the seasonally frozen ground region in winter without ice cover water conveyance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope foot of the composite gradient replacement layer is provided with a frost heaving drainage ditch, the ditch depth is 1.0-1.5 times of the freezing depth, and the ditch is filled with graded gravel with a particle size of 20-40 mm.

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