Automatic speed change type hydraulic motor

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic transmission, in particular to a hydraulic motor with an automatic speed changing function. An automatic speed change type hydraulic motor comprises a fixed shell and further comprises a valve bank shell which is arranged on one side of the fixed shell and used for controlling inlet and outlet of hydraulic oil. A first oil port and a second oil port are formed in the valve bank shell side by side and serve as an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the hydraulic motor respectively. Three valve channels are arranged in the valve bank shell and are respectively used for reversing, speed changing and displacement operations of hydraulic oil; the rotating disc is connected to the other side of the fixed shell through a bearing in a nested mode and used for power transmission; an oil distribution disc, a stator and a rear cover sequentially abut against one side of the rotating disc. Bolts which penetrate through the oil distribution disc and the stator and are connected with the rotating disc are evenly arranged on the upper portion of the rear cover in the circumferential direction at intervals. A hollow cavity is formed in the rotating disc, the oil distribution disc and the stator, a linkage shaft is arranged at the axis position in the cavity, and an oil distribution sleeve in spline connection with the linkage shaft is arranged at the position, located on the rotating disc, of the upper portion of the linkage shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydraulic transmission technology, specifically to a hydraulic motor with automatic speed change function. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of hydraulic transmission technology, hydraulic motors, as key actuators that convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, are widely used in many fields such as engineering machinery, ships, and aerospace. Traditional hydraulic motors have certain limitations in speed regulation and steering control, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern industry for efficient and precise operation of equipment.

[0003] In existing technologies, hydraulic motors generally lack automatic speed change function. In actual operation, changes in load often require hydraulic motors to automatically adjust their speed to adapt to different working conditions. However, traditional hydraulic motors cannot automatically adjust their speed according to load changes, resulting in serious energy waste under light loads and insufficient power under heavy loads. This not only increases the operating cost of the equipment, but also limits the application of hydraulic motors in a wider range of fields. Utility Model Content

[0004] The problem this application aims to solve is that existing hydraulic motors lack automatic speed control and cannot adapt to different working conditions.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides an automatic speed-changing hydraulic motor, including a fixed housing and a valve assembly housing disposed on one side of the fixed housing for controlling the inlet and outlet of hydraulic oil. The valve assembly housing has a first oil port and a second oil port arranged side-by-side inside, serving as the inlet and outlet of the hydraulic motor, respectively. Three valve passages are arranged inside the valve assembly housing for hydraulic oil reversing, speed changing, and position changing operations. A rotating disc is connected to the other side of the fixed housing via a bearing nesting for power transmission. A distribution plate, a stator, and a rear cover are sequentially abutted against one side of the rotating disc. Bolts are evenly spaced and arranged circumferentially on the upper part of the rear cover, penetrating the distribution plate and stator and connecting to the rotating disc. A hollow cavity is formed inside the rotating disc, distribution plate, and stator. A linkage shaft is arranged at the axial center of the cavity. An oil distribution sleeve connected to the linkage shaft via a spline is arranged on the upper part of the linkage shaft at the position of the rotating disc for hydraulic oil distribution. A rotor connected to the linkage shaft via a spline is arranged on the upper part of the linkage shaft at the position of the stator to achieve power conversion.

[0006] Because the hydraulic motor of this application is designed with a valve housing that has reversing, speed changing and position changing operations, it can realize the automatic switching operation between low speed and high torque and high speed and low torque of the hydraulic motor according to the oil pressure through the valve housing. This solves the problem that the existing hydraulic motors lack automatic speed changing function and cannot adapt to different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0007] Figure 1 This is a side view of the structure of an embodiment.

[0008] Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of an embodiment.

[0009] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment.

[0010] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk structure in an embodiment.

[0011] Figure 5 This is a side view of the valve assembly housing structure in an embodiment.

[0012] Figure 6 This is a front view structural diagram of the valve assembly housing in an embodiment.

[0013] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at point AA.

[0014] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at point BB.

[0015] Figure 9 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure at point CC.

[0016] Figure 10 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0017] Figure 11 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0018] Figure 12 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure at point AA.

[0019] Figure 13 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure at point AA.

[0020] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of seven needle rollers.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Valve assembly housing; 2. Fixed housing; 3. Rotating disc; 4. Oil distribution disc; 5. Stator; 6. Rear cover; 7. Oil distribution sleeve; 8. Linkage shaft; 9. Rotor; 10. Needle roller; 11. Bushing; 12. Bearing; 13. First oil port; 14. Second oil port; 15. Sealing ring; 16. First sealing ring; 17. Outer sleeve; 18. Inner sleeve; 19. Tension spring; 20. Second sealing ring; 21. Rubber gasket; 22. Third oil passage; 23. First oil passage; 24. Second oil passage; 25. First valve passage; 26. Second valve passage; 27. Third valve passage; 28. Reversing assembly; 29. ​​Speed ​​change assembly; 30. Position change assembly; 31. First valve stem; 32. First valve cover; 33. First spring; 34. Check valve; 35. First chamber; 36. First flow path; 37. Second valve stem; 38. Second valve cover; 39. Second spring; 40. Second chamber; 41. Motor passage; 42. Third valve stem; 43. Third valve cover; 44. Third spring; 45. Valve seat; 46. Valve sleeve; 47. Second flow path; 48. Third flow path; 49. Fourth flow path; 50. Fifth flow path; 51. Sixth flow path. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] This application relates to an automatic speed-changing hydraulic motor, such as... Figure 1-13 As shown, the hydraulic motor is mainly composed of key components such as a fixed housing 2, a valve assembly housing 1, a rotating disc 3, a distribution disc 4, a stator 5, a rear cover 6, a linkage shaft 8, a distribution sleeve 7, a rotor 9, and a bushing 11. The fixed housing 2 serves as the basic support structure for the entire hydraulic motor. One side of the fixed housing is connected to the valve assembly housing 1 by bolts for controlling the inlet and outlet of hydraulic oil; the other side is connected to the rotating disc 3 by a bearing 12 to achieve power transmission.

[0024] The valve housing 1 has a first oil port 13 and a second oil port 14 arranged side by side inside, which serve as the oil inlet and oil outlet (or reverse oil inlet) of the hydraulic motor, respectively. When the first oil port 13 is used as the oil inlet, the hydraulic motor rotates clockwise; when the second oil port 14 is used as the oil inlet, the hydraulic motor rotates counterclockwise. This design allows the direction of the hydraulic motor to be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs.

[0025] One side of the rotating disk 3 is sequentially abutted by an oil distribution plate 4, a stator 5, and a rear cover 6. The upper part of the rear cover 6 is evenly and spaced in the circumferential direction with bolts that penetrate the oil distribution plate 4 and the stator 5 and are connected to the rotating disk 3 to ensure a stable connection between the components. The rotating disk 3, the oil distribution plate 4, and the stator 5 form a hollow cavity. A linkage shaft 8 is arranged at the axial position inside the cavity. An oil distribution sleeve 7 connected to the linkage shaft 8 by a spline is arranged at the upper part of the linkage shaft 8 at the position of the rotating disk 3 for distributing hydraulic oil. A rotor 9 connected to the linkage shaft 9 by a spline is arranged at the upper part of the linkage shaft 8 at the position of the stator 5 to realize power conversion.

[0026] The stator 5 has outwardly recessed semi-circular slots evenly and at intervals along its circumference. Cylindrical needle rollers 10 are arranged in the slots. The rotor 9 has inwardly recessed arc-shaped toothed grooves evenly and at intervals along its circumference. The number of needle rollers 10 is one more than the number of toothed grooves. There are seven or nine needle rollers 10. This design allows the toothed grooves to intermittently contact the surface of the needle rollers 10 when the rotor 9 rotates, thereby driving the needle rollers 10 to reciprocate up and down in the slots of the stator 5 to realize the flow operation of hydraulic oil.

[0027] To improve the sealing between the rotating disk 3 and the fixed shell 2, a sealing ring 15 and a sealing ring for axial sealing are arranged between the rotating disk 3 and the fixed shell 2. The sealing ring 15 has a ridge-shaped cross section, and the sealing ring is O-shaped and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sealing ring 15, divided into a first sealing ring 16 and a second sealing ring 20. Multiple straight cylindrical first oil passages 23 are arranged side by side on the upper part of the outer side wall of the fixed shell 2, and multiple arc-shaped grooved second oil passages 24 are arranged side by side on the upper part of the inner side wall. The first oil passages 23 and the second oil passages 24 are connected to each other to ensure the smooth flow of hydraulic oil.

[0028] The bushing 11 is divided into an outer sleeve 17 and an inner sleeve 18. The outer sleeve 17 has countersunk holes evenly spaced on its surface. The inner sleeve 18, which can slide back and forth, is fitted inside the countersunk holes. A tension spring 19 is arranged in the countersunk holes and abuts against the inner sleeve 18. The surface of the inner sleeve 18 is provided with a groove. A sealing ring and a rubber gasket 21 are fitted inside the groove. A third oil passage 22 for oil flow is opened in the center of the inner sleeve 18. This design allows the inner sleeve 18 to move dynamically along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 17, realize oil supply compensation operation, and improve the working efficiency and stability of the hydraulic motor.

[0029] In order to achieve automatic adjustment of oil flow rate, three valve channels are arranged inside the valve assembly housing 1, which are used for reversing, speed changing and position changing operations respectively. The valve channels are divided into a first valve channel 25, a second valve channel 26 and a third valve channel 27. The first valve channel 25 is equipped with a reversing component 28, the second valve channel 26 is equipped with a speed changing component 29 and the third valve channel 27 is equipped with a position changing component 30.

[0030] The reversing assembly 28 includes a first valve stem 31, a first valve cover 32, a first spring 33, and a one-way valve 34. The first valve stem 31 is transversely positioned inside the first valve passage 25 and can slide back and forth along its axial direction. The first valve cover 32 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the first valve passage 25 and threadedly connected to it. The two ends of the first valve stem 31 form two first chambers 35 between themselves and the first valve passage 25, and the first spring 33 is arranged inside each chamber. The first valve stem 31 is a hollow rod-shaped structure with uniformly spaced and intermittently formed surfaces that conform to the first valve stem 34. The first flow path 36, which is internally connected, has one-way valves 34 arranged at both ends for unidirectional flow of oil. When the first oil port 13 is used as the oil inlet, the oil drives the first valve stem 31 to move to the right, applying deformation pressure to the first spring 33 on the right side, so that the first valve stem 31 moves from the initial central position to the forward oil inlet position. When the second oil port 14 is used as the oil inlet, the first valve stem 31 moves in the opposite direction to the other end. When the hydraulic motor is not working, the first valve stem 31 is in the central position under the action of the first spring 33.

[0031] The transmission assembly 29 includes a second valve stem 37, a second valve cover 38, and a second spring 39. The second valve stem 37 is transversely placed inside the second valve passage 26 and can slide back and forth along its axial direction. The second valve cover 38 is symmetrically arranged at both ends of the second valve passage 26 and threadedly connected to it. The two ends of the second valve stem 37 form two second chambers 40 between themselves and the second valve passage 26. A second spring 39 is arranged at one end inside the second valve passage 26, which abuts against the second valve cover 38 and the second valve stem 37. Under normal conditions, the second valve stem 37 is in the middle position. Two of the four motor passages 41 are used for oil inflow. The motor passages 41 are located below the valve assembly housing 1 and communicate with the second valve passage 26. The other two are used for outflow. When the third valve passage 27 supplies hydraulic oil into the second valve passage 26, the second valve stem 37 is offset to one end of the corresponding second chamber 40 according to the oil flow direction, so that three motor passages 41 are used for oil inflow and one is used for outflow.

[0032] The displacement assembly 30 includes a third valve stem 42, a third valve cover 43, a third spring 44, a valve seat 45, and a valve sleeve 46. The third valve stem 42 is horizontally placed inside the third valve passage 27. The third valve cover 43 is threaded to one end of the opening. The third spring 44 is arranged between the third valve cover 43 and one end of the third valve stem 42. The valve seat 45 is arranged inside the third valve passage 27 at one end and abuts against the other end of the third valve stem 42. The valve sleeve 46 is fitted outside the third valve stem 42, and a second flow path 47 is evenly opened on its surface. A third flow path 48 is evenly opened on the surface of the third valve stem 42. A fourth flow path 49 communicating with the third valve stem 42 is opened inside the valve seat 45. The valve assembly housing 1 is vertically arranged... A fifth flow path 50 is provided, which is connected to the middle of the third valve stem 42; a sixth flow path 51, which is connected to the middle of the second valve path 26, is arranged at the end of the third valve passage 27 near the valve seat 45. When oil is supplied to the fifth flow path 50, the oil flows into the valve sleeve 46 and drives the third spring 44 to compress, creating a gap between the third valve stem 42 and the valve seat 45. The oil flows into the second valve passage 26 along the fourth flow path 49 of the valve seat 45 and the sixth flow path 51 between the third valve passage 27 and the second valve passage 26, causing the second spring 39 to generate pressure to shift to one side, changing the position of the second valve stem 37, and thus changing the oil inlet motor passage 41, realizing the automatic speed change operation of the hydraulic motor.

[0033] The automatic speed change hydraulic motor in this embodiment achieves automatic speed change and steering adjustment functions through a unique structural design and working principle, improving the working efficiency and stability of the hydraulic motor and making it suitable for various industrial application scenarios that require precise control of speed and steering.

[0034] In operation, the hydraulic system is activated, allowing hydraulic oil to enter the hydraulic motor through either the first port 13 or the second port 14 on the valve assembly housing 1. When the first port 13 is the inlet, the hydraulic motor rotates clockwise; when the second port 14 is the inlet, the hydraulic motor rotates counterclockwise. By controlling the flow direction of the hydraulic oil, the direction of rotation of the hydraulic motor can be flexibly adjusted. The speed of the hydraulic motor can be controlled by adjusting the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic system. Increasing the flow rate or pressure will increase the speed of the hydraulic motor; conversely, decreasing the flow rate or pressure will decrease the speed. Furthermore, this hydraulic motor also has an automatic speed-changing function; when it is necessary to change the speed of the hydraulic motor… Hydraulic oil can be supplied to the fifth flow path 50 of the third valve passage 27 to drive the third valve stem 42 to move, thereby changing the position of the second valve stem 37 and changing the oil inlet motor passage 41, thus realizing the automatic speed change of the hydraulic motor. During the operation of the hydraulic motor, its operating status should be closely monitored, including parameters such as speed, temperature, and noise. If any abnormality is found, the machine should be stopped immediately for inspection. Regularly check whether the various components of the hydraulic motor are worn or damaged, especially vulnerable parts such as seals and springs. If necessary, they should be replaced in time. Keep the hydraulic oil clean, change the hydraulic oil regularly, and clean the filter screen and oil pipes of the hydraulic system.

[0035] Generally speaking, terms should be understood at least in part by their use in context. For example, at least in part by context, the term "one or more" as used in the text can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic of the singular meaning, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics of the plural meaning. Similarly, at least in part by context, terms such as "a" or "the" can also be understood to convey either singular or plural usage.

[0036] It should be readily understood that the terms “on,” “above,” and “on top of” in this disclosure should be interpreted in the broadest possible sense, such that “on” means not only “directly on something” but also “on something” with an intermediate feature or layer therebetween, and that “above” or “on top of” means not only “on top of something” but also “on top of something” without an intermediate feature or layer therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0037] Furthermore, for ease of explanation, spatially relative terms such as "below," "below," "under," "above," and "above" may be used to describe the relationship of one element or feature relative to other elements or features as shown in the figures. Spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation other than those shown in the figures. The device may have other orientations (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An automatic transmission type hydraulic motor comprising a fixed casing, characterized by: Also includes Valve group shell, arranged on one side of the fixed shell, for hydraulic oil inlet and outlet control; The first oil port and the second oil port are arranged side by side inside the valve group shell, and are respectively used as the oil inlet and the oil outlet of the hydraulic motor; Three valve channels are arranged inside the valve group shell, respectively used for hydraulic oil reversing, speed changing and position changing operations; The rotating disc is connected to the other side of the fixed shell through bearing nesting, used for power transmission; The side of the rotating disc is sequentially abutted with the oil distribution disc, the stator and the rear cover, the upper part of the rear cover is uniformly and spaced arranged in the circumferential direction, and the bolts penetrating the oil distribution disc and the stator are connected with the rotating disc; The rotating disc, the oil distribution disc and the stator form a hollow cavity inside, and a linkage shaft is arranged at the axial position inside the cavity, the oil distribution sleeve is arranged at the upper part of the linkage shaft and connected with the spline of the rotating disc, used for hydraulic oil distribution; The rotor is arranged at the upper part of the linkage shaft and connected with the spline of the stator, realizing power conversion.

2. The hydraulic motor according to claim 1, wherein: The reversing assembly is arranged inside the first valve channel, and the reversing assembly includes a first valve rod, a first valve cover, a first spring and a one-way valve, the first valve rod is horizontally arranged inside the first valve channel and can reciprocate along the axial direction, the first valve cover is symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the first valve channel and is threadedly connected with the first valve channel, the two ends of the first valve rod are respectively connected with the first valve channel to form two first chambers, and the first spring is arranged inside the two first chambers.

3. The hydraulic motor according to claim 2, wherein: The first valve rod is a hollow rod structure, and the two ends of the first valve rod are arranged with the one-way valve inside, used for one-way flow of oil.

4. The automatic variable displacement hydraulic motor of claim 1, wherein: The speed changing assembly is arranged inside the second valve channel, and the speed changing assembly includes a second valve rod, a second valve cover and a second spring, the second valve rod is horizontally arranged inside the second valve channel and can reciprocate along the axial direction, the second valve cover is symmetrically arranged at the two ends of the second valve channel and is threadedly connected with the second valve channel, the two ends of the second valve rod are respectively connected with the second valve channel to form two second chambers, and the second spring is arranged inside the two second chambers.

5. The hydraulic motor of claim 4, wherein: Four motor passages are arranged inside the second valve channel, when the second valve rod is at different positions in the second valve channel, the number of oil inlet and outlet of the motor passages is adaptively changed to change the oil flow.

6. The automatic variable displacement hydraulic motor of claim 1, wherein: The position changing assembly is arranged inside the third valve channel, and the position changing assembly includes a third valve rod, a third valve cover, a third spring, a valve seat and a valve sleeve, the third valve rod is horizontally arranged inside the third valve channel, the third valve cover is threadedly connected at one end of the opening, the third spring is arranged between the third valve cover and one end of the third valve rod, the valve seat is arranged at one end inside the third valve channel and abuts against the other end of the third valve rod, and the valve sleeve is sleeved outside the third valve rod.

7. The hydraulic motor of claim 6, wherein: Second flow paths are uniformly arranged on the surface of the valve sleeve, third flow paths are uniformly arranged on the surface of the third valve rod, and a fourth flow path is arranged inside the valve seat and connected with the third valve rod.

8. The hydraulic motor of claim 7, wherein: A fifth flow path is vertically arranged inside the valve group shell and connected with the middle part of the third valve rod, and a sixth flow path is arranged at one end of the third valve channel and connected with the middle part of the second valve channel.

9. The hydraulic motor of claim 1, wherein: Half-circular notches are uniformly and spaced arranged in the circumferential direction inside the stator, and cylindrical rollers are arranged in the notches, and arc-shaped tooth grooves are uniformly and spaced arranged in the circumferential direction outside the rotor.

10. The hydraulic motor of claim 1, wherein: The number of rollers is one more than the number of tooth grooves, and the number of rollers is seven or nine.

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