Microscope and converter

Abstract

The utility model discloses a microscope and a converter, which are applied to the technical field of optical instruments. The microscope comprises an objective lens, a rear-end module and a converter. The rear-end module is arranged at the rear end of the objective lens; the converter comprises a fixed disc and a rotating seat, a light through hole is formed in the fixed disc, the light through hole penetrates through two opposite disc surfaces of the fixed disc, the rear-end module comprises an illumination system and a rear-end optical lens group, part or all of the illumination system extends into the light through hole, and the rear-end optical lens group is arranged on one side, far away from the objective lens, of the illumination system; the rotating seat is rotationally connected with the fixed disc, a mounting hole is formed in the rotating seat, the mounting hole is communicated with the light through hole, and the objective lens is mounted at the mounting hole. According to the technical scheme, the distance between the rear-end module and the objective lens is shortened, the imaging quality is improved, and the imaging requirements of diversified samples can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical instrument technology, and in particular to a microscope and converter. Background Technology

[0002] Modern digital microscopes, to meet customer needs, often offer observations at multiple magnifications. To achieve different magnification requirements, at least two objectives with different magnifications can be used simultaneously, and the transition lens can be used to switch between them. To enrich the observation methods for various samples, multiple illumination methods are often employed, such as coaxial incident illumination, dark-field illumination, and polarized illumination. These illumination structures are typically located between the objectives and the rear optical group. In traditional microscopes, the distance between the transition lens and the rear optical group behind the illumination structure is relatively large, causing some light to deviate from the optical system, resulting in vignetting and affecting image quality. Furthermore, the imaging effects of existing microscopes are relatively limited and cannot meet the imaging requirements of diverse samples.

[0003] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of this application and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a microscope that can shorten the distance between the objective lens and the rear optical lens group and meet the imaging requirements of diverse samples.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a microscope, including an objective lens, an illumination system, a rear optical lens group, and a converter, wherein the converter includes:

[0006] A fixed disk has light-transmitting holes that pass through two opposite surfaces of the fixed disk; the fixed disk has a positioning part whose projection on the fixed disk does not coincide with the projection of the light-transmitting holes on the fixed disk; and,

[0007] A rotating base is rotatably connected to the fixed disk, and the rotating base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes. The objective lens is mounted at the mounting holes, and at least one of the mounting holes communicates with the light-transmitting hole. The rear optical lens group is located at a position away from the objective lens from the light-transmitting hole.

[0008] The lighting system includes a ring lighting device for emitting ring-shaped light; the ring lighting device is partially or entirely located within the light-transmitting aperture.

[0009] In one embodiment, the entire ring illumination device is located within the light-transmitting aperture, or the end of the ring illumination device closest to the objective lens or furthest from the objective lens is located within the light-transmitting aperture.

[0010] In one embodiment, a gap is provided between the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole, and the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole are connected through the gap. The end of the annular illumination device near the objective lens passes through the light-transmitting hole and extends into the gap.

[0011] In one embodiment, the end of the annular illumination device near the objective lens is located inside the light-transmitting aperture and is flush with the port of the light-transmitting aperture near the objective lens.

[0012] In one embodiment, when the size of the light-transmitting aperture is greater than or equal to the size of the annular illumination device in the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the annular illumination device away from the objective lens is located inside the light-transmitting aperture;

[0013] When the size of the light-transmitting aperture is smaller than the size of the annular illumination device along the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the annular illumination device furthest from the objective lens is located outside the light-transmitting aperture.

[0014] In one embodiment, the annular lighting device includes at least one set of optical fiber bundles, which are distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture.

[0015] or,

[0016] The ring-shaped lighting device includes a lamp source group, which comprises a plurality of lamp sources arranged in an array along the circumferential wall of the light-transmitting hole.

[0017] In one embodiment, the annular lighting device includes at least one set of optical fiber bundles, which are distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture.

[0018] The ring lighting device further includes a lamp source group, which includes a plurality of lamp sources arranged in an array along the circumferential direction of the wall of the light-transmitting hole;

[0019] The fiber optic bundle is positioned close to the objective lens, and the lamp source group is located on the side of the fiber optic bundle away from the objective lens; or, the lamp source group is positioned close to the objective lens, and the fiber optic bundle is located on the side of the lamp source group away from the objective lens; or, the fiber optic bundle and the lamp source group are alternately positioned along the direction close to the objective lens.

[0020] In one embodiment, a gap is provided between the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole, the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole are connected through the gap, and the objective lens passes through the mounting hole and extends into the gap.

[0021] In one embodiment, the microscope further includes a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, wherein the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is disposed between the annular illumination device and the objective lens or between the annular illumination device and the rear optical lens group.

[0022] In one embodiment, the rotating seat includes:

[0023] A rotating ring, which is rotatably sleeved around the fixed disk; and

[0024] The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the rotating ring and is positioned opposite to the fixed disk. The mounting plate has the mounting holes.

[0025] The rolling element has a rolling groove formed on the outer side wall of the fixed disk and / or the inner side wall of the rotating ring. The rolling element is sandwiched between the outer side wall of the fixed disk and the inner side wall of the rotating ring and is located in the rolling groove.

[0026] One of the fixed disk and the rotating seat is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced retaining beads, and the other is provided with a retaining hole, wherein one of the retaining beads is engaged in the retaining hole.

[0027] In one embodiment, the fixing disk includes:

[0028] The disk body has the light-transmitting hole, and the rotating seat is rotatably connected to the disk body; and

[0029] A spring piece, one end of which is connected to the edge of the disk body, and the other end of which extends away from the center of the fixed disk and is disposed opposite to the rotating seat. The spring piece has a locking hole on the side facing the rotating seat; the rotating seat has a locking bead on the side facing the spring piece.

[0030] This invention proposes another microscope, including an objective lens, an illumination system, a rear optical lens group, and a converter, wherein the converter includes:

[0031] A fixed disk has light-transmitting holes that pass through two opposite surfaces of the fixed disk; the fixed disk has a positioning part whose projection on the fixed disk does not coincide with the projection of the light-transmitting holes on the fixed disk; and,

[0032] A rotating base is rotatably connected to the fixed disk, and the rotating base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, at least one of the mounting holes communicating with the light-transmitting hole. The objective lens is mounted at the mounting hole, and the rear optical lens group is located at a position away from the objective lens from the light-transmitting hole.

[0033] The lighting system includes a coaxial incident lighting device, a portion of which extends into the light-transmitting aperture.

[0034] In one embodiment, the coaxial incident illumination device includes a housing and a light source, a first lens, and a beam splitter disposed within the housing. The beam splitter extends partially or entirely into the light-transmitting aperture. The first lens is located between the light source and the beam splitter. The light beam emitted by the light source passes through the first lens and is directed to the beam splitter, so that it passes through the beam splitter to the objective lens and the reflected light beam is directed to the rear optical lens group.

[0035] In one embodiment, the end of the beam splitter near the objective lens is located inside the light-transmitting aperture and is flush with the port of the light-transmitting aperture near the objective lens.

[0036] In one embodiment, when the size of the light-transmitting aperture is greater than or equal to the size of the beam splitter in the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the beam splitter away from the objective lens is located within the light-transmitting aperture;

[0037] When the size of the light-transmitting aperture is smaller than the size of the beam splitter along the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the beam splitter furthest from the objective lens is located outside the light-transmitting aperture.

[0038] In one embodiment, the housing includes a first housing segment and a second housing segment connected to each other. The first housing segment is arranged side by side with the rear optical lens group and extends along the direction from the rear optical lens group to the fixed disk. The second housing segment extends from the end of the first housing segment near the fixed disk toward the light-transmitting hole, and a corner is formed at the connection between the first housing segment and the second housing segment. The light source is located in the first housing segment, and the first lens and the beam splitter are located in the second housing segment. A reflector is also provided at the corner to reflect the light beam emitted by the light source to the first lens.

[0039] In one embodiment, a diffuser is disposed inside the first housing section near the light source, and the light beam emitted by the light source is diffused by the diffuser and then transmitted to the first lens.

[0040] In one embodiment, a polarizer is further disposed within the first shell section, the polarizer being located between the light source and the reflector;

[0041] And / or, a second lens is also provided inside the first shell section, the second lens being located between the light source and the reflector.

[0042] In one embodiment, the microscope further includes a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, wherein the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is disposed between the beam splitter and the objective lens or between the beam splitter and the rear optical lens group.

[0043] In one embodiment, a gap is provided between the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole, the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole are connected through the gap, and the objective lens passes through the mounting hole and extends into the gap.

[0044] In one embodiment, the coaxial incident illumination device is L-shaped or Z-shaped.

[0045] In one embodiment, the rotating seat includes:

[0046] A rotating ring, which is rotatably sleeved around the fixed disk; and

[0047] Mounting plate, which is fixedly connected to the rotating ring and is disposed opposite to the fixed disk, and mounting holes are provided on the mounting plate;

[0048] The rolling element has a rolling groove formed on the outer side wall of the fixed disk and / or the inner side wall of the rotating ring. The rolling element is sandwiched between the outer side wall of the fixed disk and the inner side wall of the rotating ring and is located in the rolling groove.

[0049] One of the fixed disk and the rotating seat is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced retaining beads, and the other is provided with a retaining hole, wherein one of the retaining beads is engaged in the retaining hole.

[0050] In one embodiment, the fixing disk includes:

[0051] The disk body has the light-transmitting hole, and the rotating seat is rotatably connected to the disk body; and

[0052] A spring piece, one end of which is connected to the edge of the disk body, and the other end of which extends away from the center of the fixed disk and is disposed opposite to the rotating seat. The spring piece has a locking hole on the side facing the rotating seat; the rotating seat has a locking bead on the side facing the spring piece.

[0053] This utility model proposes yet another microscope, including an objective lens, an illumination system, a rear optical lens group, and a converter, wherein the converter includes:

[0054] A fixed disk has light-transmitting holes that pass through two opposite surfaces of the fixed disk; the fixed disk has a positioning part whose projection on the fixed disk does not coincide with the projection of the light-transmitting holes on the fixed disk; and,

[0055] A rotating base is rotatably connected to the fixed disk, and the rotating base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes, at least one of the mounting holes communicating with the light-transmitting hole. The objective lens is mounted at the mounting hole, and the rear optical lens group is located at a position away from the objective lens from the light-transmitting hole.

[0056] The lighting system includes a ring lighting device and a coaxial incident lighting device, wherein the ring lighting device is used to emit ring light;

[0057] The ring-shaped lighting device is located partially or entirely inside or outside the light-transmitting hole.

[0058] In one embodiment, the entire ring illumination device is located within the light-transmitting aperture, or the end of the ring illumination device closest to the objective lens or furthest from the objective lens is located within the light-transmitting aperture.

[0059] In one embodiment, the annular lighting device is partially or entirely located within the light-transmitting aperture, and the coaxial incident lighting device is partially extended into the light-transmitting aperture or entirely located outside the light-transmitting aperture.

[0060] In one embodiment, a gap is provided between the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole, and the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole communicate through the gap. The end of the annular illumination device near the objective lens passes through the light-transmitting hole and extends into the gap.

[0061] The projection of the portion of the coaxial incident illumination device extending into the light aperture onto the microscope stage falls within the projection of the annular illumination device onto the stage.

[0062] In one embodiment, the annular illumination device is partially or entirely located within the light-transmitting aperture, and the coaxial incident illumination device is disposed on the side of the annular illumination device facing the rear optical lens group.

[0063] In one embodiment, the coaxial incident illumination device extends partially into the light-transmitting aperture, while the annular illumination device is located outside the light-transmitting aperture.

[0064] In one embodiment, the end of the annular illumination device near the objective lens is located inside the light-transmitting aperture and is flush with the port of the light-transmitting aperture near the objective lens.

[0065] In one embodiment, when the size of the light-transmitting aperture is greater than or equal to the size of the annular illumination device in the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the annular illumination device away from the objective lens is located inside the light-transmitting aperture;

[0066] When the size of the light-transmitting aperture is smaller than the size of the annular illumination device along the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the annular illumination device furthest from the objective lens is located outside the light-transmitting aperture.

[0067] In one embodiment, the annular lighting device includes at least one set of optical fiber bundles, which are distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture.

[0068] or,

[0069] The ring-shaped lighting device includes a lamp source group, which comprises a plurality of lamp sources arranged in an array along the circumferential wall of the light-transmitting hole.

[0070] In one embodiment, the ring lighting device includes at least one set of optical fiber bundles, which are distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture; the ring lighting device also includes a lamp source group, which includes a plurality of lamp sources distributed circumferentially and in an array along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture.

[0071] The fiber optic bundle is positioned close to the objective lens, and the lamp source group is located on the side of the fiber optic bundle away from the objective lens; or, the lamp source group is positioned close to the objective lens, and the fiber optic bundle is located on the side of the lamp source group away from the objective lens; or, the fiber optic bundle and the lamp source group are alternately positioned along the direction close to the objective lens.

[0072] In one embodiment, the microscope further includes a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, wherein the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is disposed between the annular illumination device and the objective lens or between the annular illumination device and the rear optical lens group.

[0073] In one embodiment, the coaxial incident illumination device includes a housing and a light source, a first lens, and a beam splitter disposed within the housing. The beam splitter extends partially or entirely into the light-transmitting aperture. The first lens is located between the light source and the beam splitter. The light beam emitted by the light source passes through the first lens and is directed to the beam splitter, so that it passes through the beam splitter to the objective lens and the reflected light beam is directed to the rear optical lens group.

[0074] In one embodiment, the end of the beam splitter near the objective lens is located inside the light-transmitting aperture and is flush with the port of the light-transmitting aperture near the objective lens.

[0075] In one embodiment, when the size of the light-transmitting aperture is greater than or equal to the size of the beam splitter in the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the beam splitter away from the objective lens is located within the light-transmitting aperture;

[0076] When the size of the light-transmitting aperture is smaller than the size of the beam splitter along the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the beam splitter furthest from the objective lens is located outside the light-transmitting aperture.

[0077] In one embodiment, the housing includes a first housing segment and a second housing segment connected to each other. The first housing segment is arranged side by side with the rear optical lens group and extends along the direction from the rear optical lens group to the fixed disk. The second housing segment extends from the end of the first housing segment near the fixed disk toward the light-transmitting hole, and a corner is formed at the connection between the first housing segment and the second housing segment. The light source is located in the first housing segment, and the first lens and the beam splitter are located in the second housing segment. A reflector is also provided at the corner to reflect the light beam emitted by the light source to the first lens.

[0078] In one embodiment, a diffuser is disposed inside the first housing section near the light source, and the light beam emitted by the light source is diffused by the diffuser and then transmitted to the first lens.

[0079] In one embodiment, a polarizer is further disposed within the first shell section, the polarizer being located between the light source and the reflector;

[0080] And / or, a second lens is also provided inside the first shell section, the second lens being located between the light source and the reflector.

[0081] In one embodiment, the microscope further includes a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism;

[0082] When the annular illumination device is positioned closer to the objective lens than the beam splitter, the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism are positioned between the annular illumination device and the objective lens, or between the beam splitter and the rear optical lens group.

[0083] When the beam splitter is positioned closer to the objective lens than the annular illumination device, the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism are positioned between the beam splitter and the objective lens, or between the annular illumination device and the rear optical lens group.

[0084] In one embodiment, a gap is provided between the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole, the light-transmitting hole and the mounting hole are connected through the gap, and the objective lens passes through the mounting hole and extends into the gap.

[0085] In one embodiment, the coaxial incident illumination device is L-shaped or Z-shaped.

[0086] In one embodiment, the rotating seat includes:

[0087] A rotating ring, which is rotatably sleeved around the fixed disk; and

[0088] Mounting plate, which is fixedly connected to the rotating ring and is disposed opposite to the fixed disk, and mounting holes are provided on the mounting plate;

[0089] The rolling element has a rolling groove formed on the outer side wall of the fixed disk and / or the inner side wall of the rotating ring. The rolling element is sandwiched between the outer side wall of the fixed disk and the inner side wall of the rotating ring and is located in the rolling groove.

[0090] One of the fixed disk and the rotating seat is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced retaining beads, and the other is provided with a retaining hole, wherein one of the retaining beads is engaged in the retaining hole.

[0091] In one embodiment, the fixing disk includes:

[0092] The disk body has the light-transmitting hole, and the rotating seat is rotatably connected to the disk body; and

[0093] A spring piece, one end of which is connected to the edge of the disk body, and the other end of which extends away from the center of the fixed disk and is disposed opposite to the rotating seat. The spring piece has a locking hole on the side facing the rotating seat; the rotating seat has a locking bead on the side facing the spring piece.

[0094] This invention also proposes a converter for use in the microscope described above, the converter comprising:

[0095] A fixed plate, wherein a light-transmitting hole is provided on the fixed plate, the light-transmitting hole being disposed on two opposite surfaces of the fixed plate; the light-transmitting hole is used to allow part or all of the lighting system to extend into it; and

[0096] A rotating base is rotatably connected to the fixed disk, and the rotating base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the objective lens, at least one of the mounting holes being connected to the light transmission hole.

[0097] This utility model also proposes another microscope, including an objective lens, a rear optical lens group, and a converter, wherein the converter includes:

[0098] A fixed disk has light-transmitting holes that pass through two opposite surfaces of the fixed disk; the fixed disk has a positioning part whose projection on the fixed disk does not coincide with the projection of the light-transmitting holes on the fixed disk; and,

[0099] A rotating base is rotatably connected to the fixed disk, and the rotating base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes. The objective lens is mounted at the mounting holes, and at least one of the mounting holes communicates with the light-transmitting hole. The rear optical lens group is located at a position away from the objective lens from the light-transmitting hole.

[0100] The microscope further includes a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, wherein the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is disposed between the objective lens and the rear optical lens group, and part or all of the polarizing element and / or part or all of the differential interference contrast prism are located within the light-transmitting aperture.

[0101] This invention also proposes another converter for use in the microscope described above, the converter comprising:

[0102] A fixed disk has light-transmitting holes that pass through two opposite surfaces of the fixed disk; the light-transmitting holes allow partial or complete insertion of the polarization element and / or partial or complete insertion of the differential interference contrast prism; and

[0103] A rotating base is rotatably connected to the fixed disk, and the rotating base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the objective lens, at least one of the mounting holes being connected to the light transmission hole.

[0104] This invention's technical solution includes a converter comprising a fixed disk and a rotating base rotatably connected to the fixed disk. The rotating base has mounting holes for installing objectives, allowing the objectives to rotate with the rotating base. This enables the switching of different objectives to correspond with the sample, achieving different magnifications for the sample. The converter's rotation is achieved by a rolling groove between the fixed disk and the rotating base, with rollers within the groove, ensuring the converter's stability. While ensuring the converter's stability, the fixed disk has light-transmitting holes on two opposing surfaces. By using large openings in these holes, the rear-end module can extend partially or entirely into them, further shortening the distance between the objectives and the rear-end optical components. This allows the rear-end optical components behind the objectives to be very close, reducing the risk of light deviating from the optical system, minimizing vignetting, and improving image quality. In addition, the converter in this invention also has a positioning part, which is set separately from the light-passing hole. This can avoid interference between the positioning part and the installation of the rear module, and can also shorten the distance between the objective lens and the rear optical lens group. This can also reduce the risk of light deviating from the optical system, reduce vignetting, and improve image quality.

[0105] Furthermore, by incorporating a polarizing element within the microscope, positioned between the objective lens and the rear optical assembly, polarized illumination and imaging effects can be achieved. Conversely, by placing a differential interference contrast prism within the microscope, positioned between the objective lens and the rear optical assembly, imaging of transparent and low-contrast samples can be achieved, resulting in an embossed, three-dimensional image. Thus, by incorporating polarizing elements and / or differential interference contrast prisms, various imaging effects are realized, meeting the imaging requirements of diverse samples. Attached Figure Description

[0106] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0107] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the microscope of this utility model;

[0108] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the converter in the microscope of this invention from one perspective;

[0109] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional structural diagram of the converter in the microscope of this utility model;

[0110] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the converter in the microscope of this utility model;

[0111] Figure 5 This is another partial cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the microscope of this utility model.

[0112] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0113] 100. Objective lens; 200. Rear end module; 210. Illumination system; 211. Ring illumination device; 212. Coaxial incident illumination device; 2121. Housing; 2121a. First housing section; 2121b. Second housing section; 2122. Light entrance; 2123. First lens; 2124. Beam splitter; 2125. Mirror; 2126. Polarizer; 2127. Second lens; 220. Rear end optical lens group; 300. Transformer; 310. Fixing disk; 311. Disk body; 311a. Light passage hole; 311b. Positioning part; 312. Spring; 320. Rotating seat; 321. Rotating ring; 322. Mounting plate; 322a. Mounting hole; 330. Rolling element; 340. Clamping bead; 400. Gap.

[0114] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0115] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0116] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this utility model involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0117] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this utility model involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0118] This invention proposes a microscope.

[0119] In this embodiment of the utility model, please refer to the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2The microscope includes an objective lens 100, a rear end module 200, and a converter 300. The rear end module 200 is located at the rear end of the objective lens 100. The converter 300 includes a fixed disk 310 and a rotating base 320. The fixed disk 310 has a light-transmitting hole 311a, which passes through two opposite disk surfaces. The rear end module 200 includes an illumination system 210 and a rear end optical lens group 220. When the illumination system 210 includes a ring illumination device 211, part or all of the ring illumination device 211 extends into the light-transmitting hole 311a. The rear end optical lens group 220 is located in the light-transmitting hole 311a away from the objective lens 100, and is located on the side of the ring illumination device 211 away from the objective lens 100. When the illumination system 210 includes a coaxial incident illumination device 212, part of the coaxial incident illumination device 212 extends into the light-transmitting hole 311a. The rotating base 320 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 310, and the rotating base 320 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 322a, at least one mounting hole 322a is connected to the light transmission hole 311a, and the objective lens 100 is mounted at the mounting hole 322a.

[0120] In practical applications, the microscope also includes a stage on which a sample is placed for observation, and then imaged through the objective lens 100 and the subsequent rear optical lens group 220. It should be noted that the end of the objective lens 100 closest to the sample is the front end, and the end furthest from the sample is the rear end. Therefore, the module furthest from the sample of the objective lens 100 can be defined as the rear end module 200. The rear end module 200 may consist only of the rear optical lens group 220 located behind the objective lens 100. The rear optical lens group 220 can be a single tube lens, a switchable lens combination, or a continuous zoom optical system. The rear end module 200 may also include a ring illumination device 211 located between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, used to illuminate the sample. By setting up the illumination system 210, the image of the sample acquired by the rear end module 200 becomes clearer.

[0121] In this invention, the size of the light-transmitting aperture 311a is such that the illumination system 210 can extend partially or completely into the light-transmitting aperture 311a. Therefore, in the axial direction of the objective lens 100, the rear optical lens group 220 installed at the rear end of the illumination system 210 can be closer to the objective lens 100, shortening the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality.

[0122] In one example, in the rear module 200, only the illumination system 210 may be inserted into the light-transmitting aperture 311a. For example, the entire ring illumination device 211 may be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a, or the ring illumination device 211 may be located near one end of the objective lens 100, i.e., the front end may be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a, or the ring illumination device 211 may be located away from one end of the objective lens 100, i.e., the rear end may be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a.

[0123] In another example, in the rear module 200, all and part of the rear optical lens group 220 of the illumination system 210 can be extended into the light passage 311a. For example, the ring illumination device 211 can be entirely located in the light passage 311a, or the ring illumination device 211 can be located close to one end of the objective lens 100, i.e., the front end is located in the light passage 311a, and part of the rear optical lens group 220 can also extend into the light passage 311a and be close to the rear end of the ring illumination device 211.

[0124] It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the partial or complete insertion of the back-end module 200 into the light-transmitting hole 311a, the opening area of ​​the light-transmitting hole 311a in this utility model is large. The size of the light-transmitting hole 311a can be adaptively set according to the actual needs of the external contour of the component extending into the light-transmitting hole 311a. The shape of the light-transmitting hole 311a can be circular, rectangular, or other shapes. In one example, the opening area of ​​the light-transmitting hole 311a is not less than 10 cm². 2 For example, the opening area of ​​the light-transmitting aperture 311a can be 10 cm². 2 11cm 2 12cm 2 13cm 2 14cm 2 15cm 2 16cm 2 17cm 2 18cm 2 19cm 2 20cm 2 This arrangement allows the opening size of the light-transmitting hole 311a to be larger than the external dimensions of part or all of the lighting system 210 extending into the light-transmitting hole 311a, thus facilitating the partial or complete insertion of the lighting system 210 into the light-transmitting hole 311a. It should be noted that the actual size of the light-transmitting hole 311a in this invention can be adapted to the size of the lighting system 210, as long as it ensures that the light-transmitting hole 311a allows for partial or complete insertion of the lighting system 210.

[0125] To achieve different magnifications, the microscope may include at least two objectives 100, which are connected to a converter 300. Rotation of the converter 300 allows different objectives 100 to be positioned relative to the sample. The rotating base 320 may have at least two mounting holes 322a. The converter 300 includes a fixed disk 310 and a rotating base 320. The fixed disk 310 is connected to the microscope frame to ensure its stability. The rotating base 320 is rotatably connected to the fixed disk 310 and has mounting holes 322a. When the rotating base 320 rotates relative to the fixed disk 310, the objectives 100 rotate with it, allowing different objectives 100 to be positioned relative to the sample to achieve different magnifications. The fixed disk 310 is also provided with a light-transmitting hole 311a. The light-transmitting hole 311a passes through two opposite disk surfaces of the fixed disk 310, so that light can pass through the light-transmitting hole 311a, thereby allowing the light passing through the objective lens 100 to further enter the rear optical lens group 220 at the rear end of the objective lens 100 through the light-transmitting hole 311a.

[0126] In the present invention, as described above, the light-transmitting aperture 311a is also used to allow part or all of the rear-end module 200 to extend into it, thereby enabling the rear-end module 200 to be closer to the objective lens 100, reducing the influence of the thickness of the converter 300 on the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear-end optical lens group 220, shortening the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear-end optical lens group 220, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear-end optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality.

[0127] This invention's technical solution includes a converter 300 comprising a fixed disk 310 and a rotating base 320 rotatably connected to the fixed disk 310. The rotating base 320 has a mounting hole 322a for mounting an objective lens 100, allowing the objective lens 100 to rotate with the rotating base 320. This enables the switching of different objective lenses 100 to correspond with the sample, thus meeting the requirements for different magnifications of the sample. The rotation of the converter 300 in this invention is achieved by setting a rolling groove between the periphery of the fixed disk 310 and the rotating base 320, and by setting a rolling element within the rolling groove, thereby ensuring the stability of the converter 300. While ensuring the stability of the converter 300, the fixed plate 310 of the converter 300 has a light-transmitting hole 311a that penetrates the two opposite surfaces of the fixed plate 310. This utility model has a large opening area for the light-transmitting hole 311a on the fixed plate 310, so that part or all of the rear module 200 can extend into the light-transmitting hole 311a, thereby shortening the distance between the rear module 200 and the objective lens 100. In this case, the rear optical lens group 220 behind the objective lens 100 can be very close to the objective lens 100, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality. In addition, the converter 300 in this utility model also has a positioning part 311b as described below. The positioning part 311b is set separately from the light-passing hole 311a, which can avoid interference between the positioning part 311b and the installation of the rear module 200, and can also shorten the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220. This can also reduce the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality.

[0128] In one example, when the illumination system 210 includes a ring illumination device 211, the back-end module 200 may include a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, which is disposed between the objective lens 100 and the back-end optical lens group 220. Specifically, the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is disposed between the ring illumination device 211 and the objective lens 100 or between the ring illumination device 211 and the back-end optical lens group 220.

[0129] It should be noted that the polarizing element and / or differential interference contrast prism can coexist with the illumination system 210 within the same microscope; or the microscope may have an illumination system 210 without a polarizing element and / or differential interference contrast prism; or the microscope may have a polarizing element and / or differential interference contrast prism without an illumination system 210. Specifically, when the microscope has an illumination system 210, the polarizing element can be located between the ring illumination device 211 and the objective lens 100, or between the ring illumination device 211 and the rear optical lens group 220. Specifically, when the microscope has a ring illumination device 211, the differential interference contrast prism can be located between the ring illumination device 211 and the objective lens 100, or between the ring illumination device 211 and the rear optical lens group 220.

[0130] By incorporating a polarizing element within the microscope, positioned between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, polarized illumination and imaging effects can be achieved. Furthermore, by incorporating a differential interference contrast prism within the microscope, positioned between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, imaging effects can be achieved on transparent and low-contrast samples, producing an embossed, three-dimensional effect. Thus, by incorporating a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, various imaging effects are achieved, meeting the imaging requirements of diverse samples.

[0131] In one example, a gap 400 is provided between the light-transmitting hole 311a and the mounting hole 322a, and the light-transmitting hole 311a and the mounting hole 322a are connected through the gap 400; the end of the ring illumination device 211 near the objective lens 100 passes through the light-transmitting hole 311a and extends into the gap 400; and / or, the objective lens 100 passes through the mounting hole 322a and extends into the gap 400.

[0132] By forming a gap 400 between the light-transmitting hole 311a and the mounting hole 322a, and connecting the two holes through this gap 400, the contact surface between the rotating base 320 and the fixed disk 310 can be reduced, thereby reducing severe wear caused by the rotation of the rotating base 320 relative to the fixed disk 310. By inserting the end of the illumination system 210 near the objective lens 100 through the light-transmitting hole 311a and extending into the gap 400, the rear module 200 is brought closer to the objective lens 100. This makes the thickness of the converter 300 almost negligible in the imaging system, allowing the objective lens 100 to be closer to the rear module 200. This significantly shortens the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thus reducing vignetting and improving image quality. Of course, the objective lens 100 can also be inserted through the mounting hole 322a and extend into the gap 400. This arrangement can also bring the objective lens 100 closer to the rear module 200, thereby greatly shortening the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality.

[0133] In another example, the end of the ring illumination device 211 near the objective lens 100 is located inside the light aperture 311a and is flush with the port of the light aperture 311a near the objective lens 100.

[0134] This arrangement allows the illumination system 210 to be positioned as close as possible to the objective lens 100, thereby shortening the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical group 220 at the rear end of the illumination system 210. This reduces the risk of light deviating from the rear optical group 220, thus reducing vignetting and improving image quality. Furthermore, this arrangement prevents the objective lens 100 and the illumination system 210 from coming into contact, reducing the risk of wear and tear on both during rotation due to excessive friction between them.

[0135] Whether the end of the ring illumination device 211 furthest from the objective lens 100 is located outside or inside the light passage 311a depends on the size of the illumination system 210 along the axis of the objective lens 100 and the converter 300, specifically the difference in size between the light passage 311a and the objective lens 100 along the axis. It is understandable that when the size of the light passage 311a is smaller than the size of the ring illumination device 211 along the axis of the objective lens 100, i.e., when the size of the illumination system 210 is larger, the end of the illumination system 210 furthest from the objective lens 100 may be located outside the light passage 311a. This arrangement facilitates the connection between the rear optical lens group 220 and the illumination system 210. When the size of the light-transmitting aperture 311a is greater than or equal to the size of the ring illumination device 211 in the axial direction of the objective lens 100, that is, when the size of the illumination system 210 is small, the end of the illumination system 210 away from the objective lens 100 may be located inside the light-transmitting aperture 311a. This arrangement makes it easier to shorten the distance between the rear optical lens group 220 and the objective lens 100, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality.

[0136] In one example, please refer to the reference. Figure 2 and Figure 3 The fixed plate 310 is provided with a positioning part 311b, and the projection of the positioning part 311b on the fixed plate 310 does not coincide with the projection of the light-transmitting hole 311a on the fixed plate 310.

[0137] By providing a positioning part 311b on the fixed plate 310, the fixed plate 310 can be easily connected to the rack via the positioning part 311b, thereby ensuring the stability of the fixed plate 310 and even the stability of the entire converter 300. By ensuring that the projection of the positioning part 311b on the fixed plate 310 does not coincide with the projection of the light-transmitting hole 311a on the fixed plate 310, the fixed plate 310 will not interfere with the back-end module 200 when connected to the rack.

[0138] Specifically, the projection of the positioning part 311b on the fixed disk 310 can be aligned with the projection of the light-transmitting hole 311a on the fixed disk 310; or the projection of the positioning part 311b on the fixed disk 310 can be separated from the projection of the light-transmitting hole 311a on the fixed disk 310. The positioning part 311b can be a positioning hole, a positioning post, or other structures.

[0139] Furthermore, please refer to the following: Figure 2 and Figure 3 The rotating seat 320 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the fixed plate 310.

[0140] By rotatably connecting the rotating base 320 to the outer wall of the fixed disk 310, the rotatable connection structure between the rotating base 320 and the fixed disk 310 does not occupy additional space between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220 in the rear module 200. This results in a smaller overall thickness of the rotating base 320, further shortening the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220 in the rear module 200. This reduces the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality.

[0141] In one example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the rotating seat 320 includes a rotating ring 321 and a mounting plate 322. The rotating ring 321 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the fixed disk 310. The mounting plate 322 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 321 and is arranged opposite to the fixed disk 310. The mounting plate 322 has a mounting hole 322a.

[0142] By rotating the rotating ring 321 and fitting it around the fixed disk 310, the rotating seat 320 is rotatably connected to the fixed disk 310. By fixing the mounting plate 322 to the rotating ring 321 and positioning it opposite the fixed disk 310, the mounting plate 322 can rotate synchronously with the rotating ring 321. Because the mounting plate 322 has a mounting hole 322a, it can drive the objective lens 100 mounted at the mounting hole 322a to rotate synchronously as the mounting plate 322 rotates with the rotating ring 321, thus allowing for the arbitrary switching of different objective lenses 100 to cooperate with the rear module 200.

[0143] For ease of rotation, in one example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the converter 300 also includes a rolling element 330. The outer wall of the fixed disk 310 and / or the inner wall of the rotating ring 321 are provided with rolling grooves. The rolling element 330 is sandwiched between the outer wall of the fixed disk 310 and the inner wall of the rotating ring 321 and is located in the rolling groove.

[0144] In this example, a rolling groove can be formed on the outer wall of the fixed disk 310, and a rolling element 330 can be connected to the inner wall of the rotating ring 321; alternatively, the rolling element 330 can be connected to the outer wall of the fixed disk 310, while a rolling groove is formed on the inner wall of the rotating ring 321; or, rolling grooves can be formed on both the outer wall of the fixed disk 310 and the inner wall of the rotating ring 321, with the rolling element 330 disposed within the rolling groove and abutting against the outer wall of the fixed disk 310 and the inner wall of the rotating ring 321. With this configuration, when the rolling element 330 is located within the rolling groove, the relative rotational motion between the rotating ring 321 and the fixed disk 310 can be converted into the rolling motion of the rolling element 330 within the rolling groove. This reduces the sliding friction between the fixed disk 310 and the rotating ring 321, saving the driving force required to rotate the rotating ring 321; and also reduces wear between the fixed disk 310 and the rotating ring 321.

[0145] To ensure stability after the rotating base 320 has rotated to a certain angle, allowing the user to observe the sample image through the switched objective lens 100, please refer to the following reference. Figures 2 to 4 One of the fixed plate 310 and the rotating seat 320 is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced locking beads 340, and the other is provided with a locking hole, wherein one of the locking beads 340 is inserted into the locking hole.

[0146] In one example, the fixed disk 310 is provided with a retaining bead 340, and the rotating seat 320 is provided with a corresponding retaining hole. For example, the retaining hole can be provided on the side of the mounting plate 322 of the rotating seat 320 facing the fixed disk 310, and the retaining bead 340 can be provided on the side of the fixed disk 310 facing the mounting plate 322 of the rotating seat 320; or the retaining hole can be provided on the inner side wall of the rotating ring 321 of the rotating seat 320, and the retaining bead 340 can be provided on the outer side wall of the fixed disk 310. During the rotation of the rotating seat 320, the retaining bead 340 can disengage from the previous retaining hole, and as the rotating seat 320 rotates, another retaining hole of the rotating seat 320 is opposite to the retaining bead 340, so that the retaining bead 340 can be engaged in the other retaining hole.

[0147] In another example, the fixed disk 310 is provided with a locking hole, and the rotating seat 320 is provided with a locking bead 340. For example, the locking hole can be provided on the side of the fixed disk 310 facing the mounting plate 322 of the rotating seat 320, and the locking bead 340 can be provided on the side of the mounting plate 322 of the rotating seat 320 facing the fixed disk 310; or the locking hole can be provided on the outer wall of the fixed disk 310, and the locking bead 340 can be provided on the inner wall of the rotating ring 321 of the rotating seat 320. During the rotation of the rotating seat 320, the locking bead 340 can disengage from the previous locking hole and engage with the other locking hole as the rotating seat 320 rotates.

[0148] This configuration ensures that each time the locking bead 340 is inserted into a locking hole, the rotating seat 320 maintains a relatively stable state relative to the fixed disk 310, thereby ensuring that the user can obtain a clearer image when observing the sample through a microscope.

[0149] In one example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the fixed disk 310 includes a disk body 311 and a spring piece 312. The disk body 311 has a light-transmitting hole 311a, and the rotating seat 320 is rotatably connected to the disk body 311. One end of the spring piece 312 is connected to the edge of the disk body 311, and the other end of the spring piece 312 extends away from the center of the fixed disk 310 and is opposite to the rotating seat 320. A locking hole is formed on the side of the spring piece 312 facing the rotating seat 320. A locking bead 340 is provided on the side of the rotating seat 320 facing the spring piece 312.

[0150] This design gives the spring 312 an elastic structure, ensuring that the retaining bead 340 can be inserted into the retaining hole and easily disengaged. This avoids the need for a spring or other elastic structure on the side of the retaining bead 340 away from the retaining hole to facilitate its disengagement, thus simplifying the structure of the converter 300 in this example. Furthermore, by connecting the spring 312 to the edge of the disk body 311, the spring 312 does not interfere with the components located at the light-transmitting hole 311a on the fixed disk 310. Therefore, the spring 312 does not increase the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, indirectly improving the microscope's imaging quality.

[0151] To facilitate the installation and removal of the objective lens 100, in one example, the mounting hole 322a can be a threaded hole, and the objective lens 100 is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 322a.

[0152] This design reduces the number of connectors used, making it easier to assemble and disassemble the objective lens 100, thereby improving the efficiency of replacing or installing the objective lens 100. Additionally, it ensures the stability of the objective lens 100 during installation.

[0153] In one example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lighting system 210 includes a ring lighting device 211, which is distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting hole 311a and is used to emit ring light. The ring lighting device 211 is partially or entirely located within the light-transmitting hole 311a.

[0154] The ring illumination device 211 is mainly used to emit ring light, thereby providing wide-angle illumination for the sample and preventing direct light from entering the objective lens 100. The ring illumination device 211 is installed within the light-transmitting aperture 311a, making it very close to the objective lens 100. This almost negligibles the thickness of the converter 300, reducing the distance between the rear optical assembly 220 and the objective lens 100. This allows for a better match between the pupils of the rear optical assembly 220 and the objective lens 100, thus improving the imaging quality of the microscope. Understandably, in one example, to achieve the installation of the ring illumination device 211, the illumination system 210 may include a structural component on which the ring illumination device 211 is mounted and partially or completely extends into the light-transmitting aperture 311a. The ring illumination device 211 is evenly distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a to emit uniform ring light, improving the illumination effect. In other examples, the ring lighting device 211 may be installed on the inner wall of the light-transmitting hole 311a and distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the light-transmitting hole 311a to emit uniform ring light and improve the lighting effect.

[0155] In another example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the lighting system 210 includes a coaxial incident lighting device 212, a portion of which extends into the light-transmitting aperture 311a.

[0156] The coaxial incident illumination device 212 is used to project light emitted from the objective lens 100 onto the sample, thereby illuminating the sample. The light reflected from the sample then passes through the objective lens 100 into the rear optical lens group 220 for final imaging. The coaxial incident illumination device 212 can be L-shaped or Z-shaped. When the coaxial incident illumination device 212 is L-shaped or Z-shaped, its size in the axial direction of the objective lens 100 can be reduced; in addition, it can reduce its interference effect on the converter 300 when it is mounted on the frame.

[0157] In yet another example, such as Figure 1As shown, the illumination system 210 may simultaneously include a ring illumination device 211 and a coaxial incident illumination device 212, with at least one of the ring illumination device 211 and the coaxial incident illumination device 212 located within the light transmission aperture 311a. This configuration enables the collection of both scattered and direct light from the sample, thereby making the microscope imaging more diverse. Specifically, when the illumination system 210 simultaneously includes a ring illumination device 211 and a coaxial incident illumination device 212, the ring illumination device 211 may be partially or entirely located within the light transmission aperture 311a, and the coaxial incident illumination device 212 may be partially or entirely extended into the light transmission aperture 311a. Furthermore, the projection of the portion of the coaxial incident illumination device 212 extending into the light transmission aperture 311a onto the stage falls within the projection of the ring illumination device 211 onto the stage. Alternatively, when the lighting system 210 includes both a ring-shaped lighting device 211 and a coaxial spot lighting device 212, only the ring-shaped lighting device 211 extends into the light-transmitting aperture 311a, and the coaxial spot lighting device 212 is located at the rear end of the ring-shaped lighting device 211. Or, when the lighting system 210 includes both a ring-shaped lighting device 211 and a coaxial spot lighting device 212, only the coaxial spot lighting device 212 extends into the light-transmitting aperture 311a, and the ring-shaped lighting device 211 is located outside the light-transmitting aperture 311a.

[0158] In one example, when the lighting system 210 includes a ring lighting device 211, the ring lighting device 211 includes at least one set of optical fiber bundles, which are distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a. The optical fiber bundles can consist of multiple fibers, such as a bundle of hundreds of optical fibers, distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a, specifically around the wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a at least once. Depending on the lighting requirements, the ring lighting device 211 includes at least one set of optical fiber bundles; for example, fewer bundles are used when lighting requirements are low, and more bundles are used when lighting requirements are high. Optical fiber bundles offer high flexibility and adaptability, making them suitable for installation in confined spaces, occupying little space, and improving structural compactness. Optical fiber bundles also offer advantages such as high energy efficiency, good light uniformity, and high safety. Understandably, in one example, to achieve the installation of the ring lighting device 211, the lighting system 210 may be equipped with a structural component. An optical fiber bundle is mounted on this structural component and extends partially or completely into the light-transmitting aperture 311a. The optical fiber bundle is uniformly distributed circumferentially along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a to emit uniform ring light and improve the lighting effect. In other examples, the optical fiber bundle may be mounted on the inner wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a and distributed circumferentially along the inner wall to emit uniform ring light and improve the lighting effect.

[0159] When setting up the fiber bundle, one end of the fiber bundle near the objective lens 100 can be located inside the light-transmitting aperture 311a and flush with the port of the light-transmitting aperture 311a near the objective lens 100. Alternatively, the fiber bundle can pass through the light-transmitting aperture 311a and extend into the gap 400, thereby bringing the fiber bundle closer to the objective lens 100. This reduces the impact of the thickness of the converter 300 on the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, shortens the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, reduces the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, and thus reduces vignetting, thereby improving image quality.

[0160] In another example, when the lighting system 210 includes a ring lighting device 211, the ring lighting device 211 includes a lamp source group, which includes multiple lamp sources arranged in a ring and array along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a. The multiple lamp sources arranged in a ring and array along the wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a can be understood as multiple lamp sources arranged in a circle along the circumference of the light-transmitting aperture 311a, and multiple lamp sources arranged in multiple circles along the axial direction of the light-transmitting aperture 311a, thus presenting a multiple lamp source array arrangement. The number of lamp sources can be flexibly set according to actual conditions. For example, when the lighting demand is low, the number of lamp sources is small, the number of circles is small, and the density is low; when the lighting demand is high, the number of lamp sources is large, the number of circles is large, and the density is high. LED lamp sources can be used, which have the advantages of high energy efficiency, long lifespan, environmental friendliness, and fast response, and are also small in size, light in weight, and generate little heat. Understandably, in one example, multiple light sources are mounted on the structural components of the lighting system 210 and extend into the light-transmitting aperture 311a. These light sources are circumferentially and evenly distributed in an array along the wall of the aperture 311a to emit uniform annular light, thus improving the lighting effect. In other examples, multiple light sources may be mounted on the inner wall of the light-transmitting aperture 311a and evenly distributed in an array along the inner wall of the aperture 311a to emit uniform annular light, further improving the lighting effect.

[0161] When setting up the lamp source group, the end of the lamp source group near the objective lens 100 can be aligned with the port of the light passage 311a near the objective lens 100, or the lamp source group can pass through the light passage 311a and extend into the gap 400, thereby bringing the lamp source group closer to the objective lens 100. This reduces the impact of the thickness of the converter 300 on the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, shortens the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, reduces the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, and thus reduces vignetting, thereby improving image quality.

[0162] In another example, the ring lighting device 211 includes both an optical fiber bundle and a lamp source group, which can be flexibly configured according to the actual situation. The optical fiber bundle is closer to the objective lens 100 than the lamp source group, or the lamp source group is closer to the objective lens 100 than the optical fiber bundle, or the optical fiber bundle and the lamp source group can be alternately arranged in the direction close to the objective lens 100, etc. When setting up the fiber optic bundle and lamp source group, the fiber optic bundle or lamp source group at the end closest to the objective lens 100 can be flush with the port of the light-transmitting aperture 311a near the objective lens 100, or the fiber optic bundle or lamp source group at the end closest to the objective lens 100 can pass through the light-transmitting aperture 311a and extend into the gap 400. This allows the fiber optic bundle or lamp source group to be positioned closer to the objective lens 100, reducing the impact of the thickness of the converter 300 on the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220. Shortening the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220 reduces the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality. In this example, the fiber optic bundle has high flexibility and adaptability, making it suitable for installation in confined spaces, occupying little space, and improving structural compactness. The fiber optic bundle also has advantages such as high efficiency and energy saving, good light uniformity, and high safety. LED light sources can be used, which have the advantages of high energy efficiency, long life, environmental friendliness and fast response. They are also small in size, light in weight and generate little heat.

[0163] The ring illumination device 211 can emit ring light around the sample, illuminating the sample evenly from multiple angles, thereby reducing or eliminating shadows and facilitating clear observation or detection of sample surface features. Moreover, since the light is evenly illuminated from multiple directions, it can ensure consistent illumination throughout the entire field of view, improving imaging quality.

[0164] In one example, such as Figure 5 As shown, when the lighting system 210 includes a coaxial incident lighting device 212, the coaxial incident lighting device 212 includes a housing 2121 and a light source, a first lens 2123, and a beam splitter 2124 disposed in the housing 2121. The beam splitter 2124 extends partially or entirely into the light-transmitting aperture 311a. The first lens 2123 is located between the light source and the beam splitter 2124. The light beam emitted by the light source passes through the first lens 2123 and is directed to the beam splitter 2124, so that it passes through the beam splitter 2124 and is directed to the objective lens 100, and the reflected light beam is directed to the rear optical lens group 220.

[0165] Understandably, a beam channel is formed within the housing 2121, and an entrance port 2122 is formed near the light source. The light source, the first lens 2123, and the beam splitter 2124 are sequentially distributed along the direction of the beam channel. The beam splitter 2124 is positioned corresponding to the light-transmitting aperture 311a and extends partially or completely into the light-transmitting aperture 311a to be closer to the objective lens 100. During operation, the beam emitted by the light source is transmitted to the first lens 2123 through the entrance port 2122. The first lens 2123 converts the diverging light into a parallel beam that is directed towards the beam splitter 2124. The beam splitter 2124 can be a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror. Due to the beam splitting effect of the beam splitter 2124, a portion of the beam is directed towards the objective lens 100, which focuses this portion of the beam onto the sample surface. The other portion of the beam is either stray light and exits outside the beam channel or is absorbed by the light-absorbing material within the beam channel. Furthermore, the objective lens 100 collects the light beam reflected from the sample surface and refocuses it back onto the beam splitter 2124, which then directs the reflected light beam toward the rear optical lens group 220 for imaging.

[0166] The coaxial incident illumination device 212 allows the light beam emitted by the light source to illuminate the sample directly above, avoiding shadows. This is particularly suitable for flat sample surfaces with high reflectivity. Furthermore, the coaxial incident illumination device 212 can obtain high-contrast images, which is helpful for detecting fine surface features of the sample. In one example, a diffuser can be placed near the light source within the beam channel. The light beam emitted by the light source passes through the light inlet 2122 to the diffuser, is diffused by the diffuser, and then passes to the first lens 2123. By using a diffuser, the light beam passing through it is diffused, achieving a uniform illumination effect, improving illumination uniformity, and thus improving image quality.

[0167] Whether the end of the beam splitter 2124 furthest from the objective lens 100 is located outside or inside the light-transmitting aperture 311a depends on the size of the illumination system 210 along the axis of the objective lens 100 and the size of the converter 300, specifically the difference in size between the light-transmitting aperture 311a and the objective lens 100 along the axis. It is understandable that when the size of the light-transmitting aperture 311a is smaller than the size of the beam splitter 2124 along the axis of the objective lens 100, i.e., when the size of the illumination system 210 is larger, the end of the illumination system 210 furthest from the objective lens 100 may be located outside the light-transmitting aperture 311a. This arrangement facilitates the connection between the rear optical lens group 220 and the illumination system 210. When the size of the light-transmitting aperture 311a is greater than or equal to the size of the beam splitter 2124 along the axial direction of the objective lens 100, that is, when the size of the illumination system 210 is smaller, the end of the illumination system 210 away from the objective lens 100 may be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a. This arrangement facilitates shortening the distance between the rear optical lens group 220 and the objective lens 100, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality.

[0168] When the illumination system 210 includes a coaxial incident illumination device 212, the rear module 200 may include a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, which is disposed between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220. Specifically, the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is disposed between the beam splitter 2124 and the objective lens 100 or between the beam splitter 2124 and the rear optical lens group 220.

[0169] It should be noted that the polarizing element and / or differential interference contrast prism can coexist with the illumination system 210 within the same microscope; or the microscope can have an illumination system 210 without a polarizing element and / or differential interference contrast prism; or the microscope can have a polarizing element and / or differential interference contrast prism without an illumination system 210. Specifically, when the microscope is equipped with a coaxial incident illumination device 212, the polarizing element can be located between the beam splitter 2124 and the objective lens 100, or between the beam splitter 2124 and the rear optical lens group 220. Specifically, when the microscope is equipped with a coaxial incident illumination device 212, the differential interference contrast prism can be located between the beam splitter 2124 and the objective lens 100, or between the beam splitter 2124 and the rear optical lens group 220.

[0170] When the illumination system 210 includes a ring illumination device 211 and a coaxial incident illumination device 212, the rear module 200 may include a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, which is disposed between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220. Specifically, when the ring illumination device 211 is positioned closer to the objective lens 100 than the beam splitter 2124, the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is disposed between the ring illumination device 211 and the objective lens 100, or between the beam splitter 2124 and the rear optical lens group 220; when the beam splitter 2124 is positioned closer to the objective lens 100 than the ring illumination device 211, the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is disposed between the beam splitter 2124 and the objective lens 100, or between the ring illumination device 211 and the rear optical lens group 220.

[0171] It should be noted that the polarization element and / or differential interference contrast prism can coexist with the illumination system 210 in the same microscope; or the microscope may have an illumination system 210 but not a polarization element and / or differential interference contrast prism; or the microscope may have a polarization element and / or differential interference contrast prism but not an illumination system 210.

[0172] Specifically, when the microscope is equipped with a ring illumination device 211 and a coaxial incident illumination device 212, if the ring illumination device 211 is positioned closer to the objective lens 100 than the beam splitter 2124, the polarizing element and / or differential interference contrast prism is positioned between the ring illumination device 211 and the objective lens 100, or between the beam splitter 2124 and the rear optical lens group 220; if the beam splitter 2124 is positioned closer to the objective lens 100 than the ring illumination device 211, the polarizing element and / or differential interference contrast prism is positioned between the beam splitter 2124 and the objective lens 100, or between the ring illumination device 211 and the rear optical lens group 220.

[0173] In one example, the housing 2121 includes a first housing segment 2121a and a second housing segment 2121b connected to each other. The first housing segment 2121a is arranged side by side with the rear optical lens group 220 and extends along the direction from the rear optical lens group 220 to the fixed disk 310. The second housing segment 2121b extends from the end of the first housing segment 2121a near the fixed disk 310 toward the light-transmitting hole 311a, and the connection between the first housing segment 2121a and the second housing segment 2121b forms a corner. The light source is located in the first housing segment 2121a, and the first lens 2123 and the beam splitter 2124 are located in the second housing segment 2121b. A reflector 2125 is also provided at the corner to reflect the light beam emitted by the light source to the first lens 2123.

[0174] like Figure 5As shown, the housing 2121 is L-shaped and consists of a first housing segment 2121a and a second housing segment 2121b that are connected to each other. The first housing segment 2121a is located behind the second housing segment 2121b. The first housing segment 2121a is arranged side by side with the rear optical lens group 220. The first housing segment 2121a extends along the direction from the rear optical lens group 220 to the fixing plate 310, that is, the first housing segment 2121a extends vertically from back to front. The second housing segment 2121b extends laterally from the front end of the first housing segment 2121a toward the light-transmitting hole 311a. The first housing segment 2121a and the second housing segment 2121b are connected to form an L-shaped housing 2121. The L-shaped housing 2121 reduces its size in the axial direction of the objective lens 100 and can also reduce its interference effect on the converter 300 when it is mounted on the frame. The connection between the first shell segment 2121a and the second shell segment 2121b forms a corner. The light source is located inside the first shell segment 2121a, while the first lens 2123 and the beam splitter 2124 are located from left to right inside the second shell segment 2121b, a reasonable layout. Furthermore, a reflector 2125 is also provided at the corner inside the shell 2121. The reflector 2125 can reflect the light beam emitted by the light source back to the first lens 2123, achieving accurate and continuous propagation of the light beam emitted by the light source.

[0175] In one example, a polarizer 2126 is also provided inside the first housing segment 2121a. The polarizer 2126 is located between the light source and the reflector 2125. The light beam emitted by the light source passes through the polarizer 2126 and then shines on the reflector 2125, achieving the effect of polarized illumination and imaging. The polarizer 2126 is detachably installed inside the first housing segment 2121a and can be installed inside or removed from the first housing segment 2121a as needed, making it flexible and convenient to use.

[0176] In another example, a second lens 2127 is also provided within the first housing segment 2121a, located between the light source and the reflector 2125. By providing the second lens 2127, the light beam emitted by the light source passes through the second lens 2127 before reaching the reflector 2125. The second lens 2127 can concentrate the light beam emitted by the light source, allowing it to illuminate further, thus facilitating its path to the reflector 2125. By providing the second lens 2127, a Kohler illumination system can be formed with the first lens 2123. The Kohler illumination system can make the light illuminating the object more uniform, improving the illumination effect and thus improving the image quality.

[0177] In yet another embodiment, such as Figure 5As shown, the first housing segment 2121a contains both a polarizer 2126 and a second lens 2127. Both the polarizer 2126 and the second lens 2127 are located between the light source and the reflector 2125, with the second lens 2127 being closer to the light source than the polarizer 2126. By incorporating the polarizer 2126 and the second lens 2127, both polarized illumination and imaging effects can be achieved, and the beam emitted by the light source can be concentrated, allowing it to illuminate further and thus facilitating its path towards the reflector 2125.

[0178] In one example, a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism may be installed inside the microscope, without an illumination system 210. The polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism are located between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, and part or all of the polarizing element and / or part or all of the differential interference contrast prism are located within the light aperture 311a.

[0179] In one example, a polarizing element is disposed within the microscope, between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220. A portion of the polarizing element, such as its front or rear end, is located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a. Alternatively, the entire polarizing element may be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a.

[0180] In another example, a differential interference contrast prism is installed inside the microscope, positioned between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220. A portion of the differential interference contrast prism, such as its front or rear end, is located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a. Alternatively, the entire differential interference contrast prism may be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a.

[0181] In another example, a polarizing element and a differential interference contrast prism are arranged inside the microscope. The polarizing element and the differential interference contrast prism are located between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220. The polarizing element and the differential interference contrast prism can be arranged sequentially. Both the polarizing element and the differential interference contrast prism can be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a. Alternatively, the front end of one of the polarizing elements and the differential interference contrast prism located in front can be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a. Or, the rear end of one of the polarizing elements and the differential interference contrast prism located in rear can be located within the light-transmitting aperture 311a.

[0182] With this configuration, the size of the light-passing aperture 311a in this invention allows part or all of the polarization element and / or part or all of the differential interference contrast prism to extend into the light-passing aperture 311a. In the axial direction of the objective lens 100, the rear optical lens group 220 mounted at the rear end of the polarization element and / or the differential interference contrast prism can be closer to the objective lens 100, shortening the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, reducing vignetting, and improving image quality.

[0183] By incorporating a polarizing element within the microscope, positioned between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, polarized illumination and imaging effects can be achieved. Furthermore, by incorporating a differential interference contrast prism within the microscope, positioned between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220, imaging effects can be achieved on transparent and low-contrast samples, producing an embossed, three-dimensional effect. Thus, by incorporating a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, various imaging effects are achieved, meeting the imaging requirements of diverse samples.

[0184] This invention also proposes a converter 300, which is applied in the aforementioned microscope. The converter 300 includes a fixed disk 310 and a rotating base 320. The fixed disk 310 has a light-transmitting hole 311a, which passes through two opposite disk surfaces of the fixed disk 310. The light-transmitting hole 311a is used to allow part or all of the illumination system 210 in the microscope to extend into it, or to allow part or all of the polarization element and / or part or all of the differential interference contrast prism to extend into it. The rotating base 320 is rotatably connected to the fixed disk 310, and the rotating base 320 has a plurality of mounting holes 322a for mounting the objective lens 100 in the microscope. At least one mounting hole 322a communicates with the light-transmitting hole 311a.

[0185] In this invention, the converter 300 includes a fixed disk 310 and a rotating base 320 rotatably connected to the fixed disk 310. The rotating base 320 has a mounting hole 322a for mounting an objective lens 100, so the objective lens 100 can rotate with the rotation of the rotating base 320. This allows for switching between different objective lenses 100 corresponding to the sample, thus meeting the requirements for different magnifications of the sample. The rotation of the converter 300 in this invention is achieved by setting a rolling groove between the periphery of the fixed disk 310 and the rotating base 320, and by setting a rolling body within the rolling groove, thereby ensuring the stability of the converter 300. While ensuring the stability of the converter 300, the fixed plate 310 of the converter 300 has a light-transmitting hole 311a that penetrates the two opposite surfaces of the fixed plate 310. The purpose of this invention is to allow part or all of the illumination system 210 in the microscope to extend into the light-transmitting hole 311a, or to allow part or all of the polarization element and / or part or all of the differential interference contrast prism to extend into it, thereby shortening the distance between the rear optical lens group 220 and the objective lens 100. In this case, the rear optical lens group 220 can be very close to the objective lens 100, reducing the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality. In addition, the converter 300 in this invention may also have a positioning part 311b, which is separately arranged from the light-passing hole 311a. This can avoid interference between the positioning part 311b and the module at the rear end of the objective lens 100, and can also shorten the distance between the objective lens 100 and the rear optical lens group 220. This can also reduce the risk of light deviating from the rear optical lens group 220, thereby reducing vignetting and improving image quality.

[0186] The above description is only an optional embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A microscope, characterized in that The microscope comprises an objective, an illumination system, a rear optical group, and a converter, wherein the converter comprises: a fixed disc, a light passage hole is formed in the fixed disc, the light passage hole is arranged on the opposite disc surfaces of the fixed disc, a positioning part is arranged on the fixed disc, and a projection of the positioning part on the fixed disc is not coincident with a projection of the light passage hole on the fixed disc; and a rotating seat, the rotating seat is rotationally connected with the fixed disc, a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the rotating seat, the objective is mounted in the mounting holes, at least one of the mounting holes is in communication with the light passage hole, and the rear optical group is arranged at a position away from the objective and in the light passage hole; the illumination system comprises a ring-shaped illumination device for emitting ring-shaped light; the ring-shaped illumination device is partially or entirely arranged in the light passage hole; the ring-shaped illumination device comprises at least one group of optical fiber bundles, and at least one group of the optical fiber bundles is distributed along the hole wall of the light passage hole in a ring shape.

2. The microscope of claim 1, wherein, The ring-shaped illumination device is entirely arranged in the light passage hole, or one end of the ring-shaped illumination device close to the objective or one end of the ring-shaped illumination device away from the objective is arranged in the light passage hole. Alternatively, a gap is arranged between the light passage hole and the mounting hole, the light passage hole and the mounting hole are in communication through the gap, one end of the ring-shaped illumination device close to the objective passes through the light passage hole and extends into the gap. Alternatively, a gap is arranged between the light passage hole and the mounting hole, the light passage hole and the mounting hole are in communication through the gap, and the objective passes through the mounting hole and extends into the gap.

3. The microscope of claim 1, wherein, One end of the ring-shaped illumination device close to the objective is arranged in the light passage hole and is flush with the port of the light passage hole close to the objective.

4. The microscope according to claim 3, wherein when the size of the light passage hole is greater than or equal to the size of the ring-shaped illumination device in the axial direction of the objective, one end of the ring-shaped illumination device away from the objective is arranged in the light passage hole; when the size of the light passage hole is less than the size of the ring-shaped illumination device in the axial direction of the objective, one end of the ring-shaped illumination device away from the objective is arranged outside the light passage hole.

5. The microscope according to claim 1, wherein the ring-shaped illumination device further comprises a lamp source group, the lamp source group comprises a plurality of lamp sources which are distributed in an array along the hole wall of the light passage hole in a ring shape; the optical fiber bundles are arranged close to the objective, the lamp source group is located on the side of the optical fiber bundles away from the objective, or the lamp source group is arranged close to the objective, the optical fiber bundles are located on the side of the lamp source group away from the objective, or the optical fiber bundles and the lamp source group are alternately arranged in the direction close to the objective.

6. The microscope of claim 1, wherein, The microscope further comprises a polarization element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, and the polarization element and / or the differential interference contrast prism is arranged between the ring-shaped illumination device and the objective or between the ring-shaped illumination device and the rear optical group.

7. The microscope according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the fixed disc comprises: a disc body, and the disc body is provided with the light passage hole; and A spring sheet, one end of which is connected to the edge of the disc body, the other end of which extends away from the center of the fixed disc and is arranged opposite the rotating seat, and a clamping hole is formed on the side of the spring sheet facing the rotating seat; the rotating seat is provided with a plurality of clamping beads distributed along the circumference on the side facing the spring sheet, and one of the clamping beads is clamped into the clamping hole; The rotating seat comprises: A rotating ring which is rotatably sleeved on the disc body; and A mounting plate which is fixedly connected with the rotating ring and is arranged opposite the fixed disc, and the mounting hole is formed in the mounting plate; Rolling bodies, rolling grooves are formed in the outer side wall of the fixed disc and / or the inner side wall of the rotating ring, and the rolling bodies are clamped between the outer side wall of the fixed disc and the inner side wall of the rotating ring and located in the rolling grooves.

8. A microscope characterized by, The converter comprises: A fixed disc, a light passing hole is formed in the fixed disc, the light passing hole penetrates through the two disc surfaces opposite to each other of the fixed disc; a positioning portion is arranged on the fixed disc, and the projection of the positioning portion on the fixed disc does not coincide with the projection of the light passing hole on the fixed disc; and A rotating seat which is rotatably connected with the fixed disc, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the rotating seat, the objective lens is mounted at the mounting hole, at least one of the mounting holes is in communication with the light passing hole, and the rear optical lens group is arranged at a position away from the objective lens of the light passing hole; The illumination system comprises a ring-shaped illumination device for emitting ring-shaped light; Part or all of the ring-shaped illumination device is located in the light passing hole; The ring-shaped illumination device comprises a lamp source group, and the lamp source group comprises a plurality of lamp sources which are arranged in an array along the hole wall of the light passing hole.

9. A microscope, characterized by The converter comprises: A fixed disc, a light passing hole is formed in the fixed disc, the light passing hole penetrates through the two disc surfaces opposite to each other of the fixed disc; a positioning portion is arranged on the fixed disc, and the projection of the positioning portion on the fixed disc does not coincide with the projection of the light passing hole on the fixed disc; and A rotating seat which is rotatably connected with the fixed disc, and a plurality of mounting holes are formed in the rotating seat, at least one of the mounting holes is in communication with the light passing hole, and the objective lens is mounted at the mounting hole, and the rear optical lens group is arranged at a position away from the objective lens of the light passing hole; The illumination system comprises a coaxial downlighting device, and part of the coaxial downlighting device extends into the light passing hole.

10. The microscope of claim 9, wherein, The coaxial downlighting device comprises a housing, a light source, a first lens and a light splitter which are arranged in the housing, part or all of the light splitter extends into the light passing hole, the first lens is located between the light source and the light splitter, the light beam emitted by the light source is shot to the light splitter through the first lens, and the light beam is shot to the objective lens through the light splitter and is shot to the rear optical lens group after being reflected.

11. The microscope of claim 10, wherein, The end of the light splitter close to the objective lens is located in the light passing hole and is arranged flush with the port of the light passing hole close to the objective lens.

12. The microscope of claim 11, wherein, when the size of the light passage hole is greater than or equal to the size of the beam splitter in the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the beam splitter away from the objective lens is located within the light passage hole; when the size of the light passage hole is less than the size of the beam splitter in the axial direction of the objective lens, the end of the beam splitter away from the objective lens is located outside the light passage hole.

13. The microscope of claim 10, wherein, the housing comprises a first housing segment and a second housing segment connected to each other, the first housing segment is arranged side by side with the rear optical lens group and extends in the direction from the rear optical lens group to the fixed disc, the second housing segment extends from the end of the first housing segment close to the fixed disc towards the light passage hole, and the connection between the first housing segment and the second housing segment forms a corner, the light source is located in the first housing segment, the first lens and the beam splitter are located in the second housing segment, and a reflector for reflecting the light beam emitted by the light source to the first lens is arranged at the corner.

14. The microscope of claim 13, wherein, a diffusion sheet is arranged in the first housing segment close to the light source, and the light beam emitted by the light source is transmitted to the first lens after being diffused by the diffusion sheet.

15. The microscope of claim 13, wherein, a polarizing sheet is further arranged in the first housing segment, and the polarizing sheet is located between the light source and the reflector; and / or, a second lens is further arranged in the first housing segment, and the second lens is located between the light source and the reflector.

16. The microscope of claim 10, wherein, The microscope further comprises a polarizing element and / or a micro-interference contrast prism, and the polarizing element and / or the micro-interference contrast prism is arranged between the beam splitter and the objective lens or between the beam splitter and the rear optical lens group.

17. The microscope of claim 9, wherein, A gap is arranged between the light passage hole and the mounting hole, the light passage hole and the mounting hole are communicated through the gap, and the objective lens is arranged through the mounting hole and extends into the gap.

18. The microscope of any one of claims 9 to 17, wherein, The coaxial drop illumination device is in L shape or Z shape.

19. The microscope of any one of claims 9 to 17, wherein, the fixed disc comprises: a disc body, the disc body being provided with the light passage hole; and a spring sheet, one end of the spring sheet being connected to the edge of the disc body, the other end of the spring sheet extending away from the center of the fixed disc and being arranged opposite to the rotating seat, and the side of the spring sheet facing the rotating seat being formed with a clamping hole; and one of the plurality of clamping balls arranged on the side of the rotating seat facing the spring sheet is clamped into the clamping hole. the rotating seat comprises: a rotating ring, the rotating ring being rotatably sleeved on the outside of the disc body; and a mounting plate, the mounting plate being fixedly connected with the rotating ring and being arranged opposite to the fixed disc, and the mounting plate being provided with the mounting hole; a rolling body, the outer side wall of the fixed disc and / or the inner side wall of the rotating ring being provided with a rolling groove, and the rolling body being clamped between the outer side wall of the fixed disc and the inner side wall of the rotating ring and located in the rolling groove.

20. The microscope of any one of claims 9 to 17, wherein, the illumination system further comprises a ring-shaped illumination device for emitting ring-shaped light. The annular illuminator is partially or entirely located inside or outside the light tunnel.

21. The microscope of claim 20, wherein, The annular illuminator is entirely located inside the light tunnel, or the annular illuminator is located inside the light tunnel at one end close to the objective lens or at one end away from the objective lens. Alternatively, the annular illuminator is partially or entirely located inside the light tunnel, and the coaxial incident illuminator is located at the side of the annular illuminator facing the rear optical group. Alternatively, the coaxial incident illuminator partially extends into the light tunnel, and the annular illuminator is located outside the light tunnel.

22. The microscope of claim 20, wherein, The annular illuminator is partially or entirely located inside the light tunnel, and the coaxial incident illuminator partially extends into the light tunnel or is entirely located outside the light tunnel.

23. The microscope of claim 22, wherein, A gap is provided between the light tunnel and the mounting hole, the light tunnel and the mounting hole are in communication through the gap, and the annular illuminator extends into the gap through the light tunnel at one end close to the objective lens. The projection of the coaxial incident illuminator on the microscope stage falls within the projection of the annular illuminator on the stage.

24. The microscope of claim 20, wherein, The annular illuminator is located inside the light tunnel at one end close to the objective lens, and is flush with the end of the light tunnel close to the objective lens.

25. The microscope of claim 24, wherein, When the size of the light tunnel is greater than or equal to the size of the annular illuminator in the axial direction of the objective lens, the annular illuminator is located inside the light tunnel at one end away from the objective lens. When the size of the light tunnel is less than the size of the annular illuminator in the axial direction of the objective lens, the annular illuminator is located outside the light tunnel at one end away from the objective lens.

26. The microscope of claim 20, wherein, The annular illuminator comprises at least one set of fiber bundles, and at least one set of the fiber bundles is distributed annularly along the wall of the light tunnel. Alternatively, The annular illuminator comprises a lamp source group, and the lamp source group comprises a plurality of lamp sources distributed annularly and arrayed along the wall of the light tunnel.

27. The microscope of claim 20, wherein, The annular illuminator comprises at least one set of fiber bundles, and at least one set of the fiber bundles is distributed annularly along the wall of the light tunnel; the annular illuminator further comprises a lamp source group, and the lamp source group comprises a plurality of lamp sources distributed annularly and arrayed along the wall of the light tunnel; The fiber bundles are located close to the objective lens, the lamp source group is located at the side of the fiber bundles away from the objective lens, or the lamp source group is located close to the objective lens, the fiber bundles are located at the side of the lamp source group away from the objective lens, or the fiber bundles and the lamp source group are alternately located in the direction close to the objective lens.

28. A converter for use in a microscope as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that The converter comprises: a fixed disc, a light tunnel is provided on the fixed disc, the light tunnel passes through the two disc surfaces of the fixed disc opposite to each other, the light tunnel is used for partially or entirely extending into the illuminating system, and A rotating seat is rotatably connected with the fixed disc, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the rotating seat for mounting the objective lens.

29. A microscope, characterized by The microscope comprises an objective lens, a rear optical lens group, and a converter, wherein the converter comprises: A fixed disc is provided with a light passing hole, and the light passing hole penetrates through two opposite disc surfaces of the fixed disc; the fixed disc is provided with a positioning portion, and a projection of the positioning portion on the fixed disc does not coincide with a projection of the light passing hole on the fixed disc; and A rotating seat is rotatably connected with the fixed disc, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the rotating seat for mounting the objective lens, and at least one of the mounting holes is in communication with the light passing hole, and the rear optical lens group is arranged at a position away from the objective lens. The microscope further comprises a polarizing element and / or a differential interference contrast prism, the polarizing element and / or the differential interference contrast prism are arranged between the objective lens and the rear optical lens group, and part or all of the polarizing element and / or part or all of the differential interference contrast prism are located in the light passing hole.

30. A converter for use in a microscope as claimed in claim 29, characterized in that The converter comprises: A fixed disc is provided with a light passing hole, and the light passing hole penetrates through two opposite disc surfaces of the fixed disc; the light passing hole is used for inserting part or all of a polarizing element and / or part or all of a differential interference contrast prism; and A rotating seat is rotatably connected with the fixed disc, and a plurality of mounting holes are arranged on the rotating seat for mounting the objective lens, and at least one of the mounting holes is in communication with the light passing hole.

Images