Feed forming machine and conditioner for feed processing
By integrating conditioning functions into the screw extrusion mechanism, and utilizing water supply pipelines and enhanced heating devices to achieve rapid and uniform heating of materials, the problems of large size and high cost of existing equipment are solved, achieving efficient and economical conditioning results.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-07
AI Technical Summary
In existing feed forming machines and extruders, the conditioner is independently located above the screw extrusion mechanism, resulting in bulky equipment, high manufacturing costs, low conditioning efficiency, and a complex external steam supply system, which increases the complexity of the transmission system and maintenance costs.
By integrating the conditioning function into the screw extrusion mechanism, and by arranging water supply pipelines and strengthening heating devices in the conditioning and extrusion conveying section, the material can be quickly and fully conditioned. The external steam supply system is eliminated, and the equipment structure is simplified by adopting a modular design.
This design achieves a compact and cost-effective equipment structure, improves conditioning efficiency, reduces equipment height and manufacturing costs, avoids complex transmission system issues, and ensures rapid and uniform heating and conditioning of materials.
Smart Images
Figure CN224084618U_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The utility model relates to feed forming machine and feed processing with conditioner. BACKGROUND
[0002] Feed forming machine is an important equipment in feed processing, which is usually used to process powder or granular feed raw materials into granular feed with specific form and quality. The feed forming process needs to pretreat and extrude the raw materials, which not only changes the physical form of the raw materials, but also improves the nutritional value and digestibility of the feed through thermal-mechanical treatment. In the processing process, the nutritional ingredients such as starch and protein in the material will undergo a series of physical and chemical changes, such as starch gelatinization and protein denaturation, which is beneficial to improve the nutritional value and palatability of the feed. The main feed forming machine refers to the puffing machine.
[0003] Specifically, the puffing machine usually processes the raw materials into loose puffed feed through high-temperature, high-pressure and high-shear puffing process. In the processing process, the raw materials are first pretreated in the conditioner: a proper amount of water vapor is added in the conditioner to make the moisture and temperature of the material reach a certain range (usually 60-80℃, moisture content is 15-25wt%); during the conditioning process, the addition and uniform distribution of water improve the flexibility and flowability of the material, and the water vapor heating makes part of the starch particles preliminary gelatinize, which enhances the plasticity and cohesiveness of the material, thus providing more suitable physical conditions for subsequent extrusion processing; therefore, the material is heated and softened, which improves its plasticity and uniformity, facilitating subsequent extrusion processing. The conditioned material enters the screw extrusion mechanism, which is further heated and undergoes starch gelatinization and protein denaturation under high pressure and high shear force. Finally, when the material is discharged from the puffing die, due to the rapid reduction of pressure, the internal water vaporizes and expands, and then is cut by the shearing mechanism to form low-density puffed granular feed.
[0004] Figure 1 The product drawing of the puffing machine currently produced by the applicant. As Figure 1As shown, the main parts of the bulking machine host include a feeder 1, a conditioner 2, a screw extrusion mechanism 3, a bulking die 4, a shearing mechanism 5, a transmission box 6, a driving motor 7, and a machine base 8. Among them, the screw extrusion mechanism 3, the transmission box 6, and the driving motor 7 are respectively installed on the machine base 8, the screw in the screw extrusion mechanism 3 is connected with the driving motor 7 through the transmission box 6, the bulking die 4 is arranged at the outlet end of the screw extrusion mechanism 3, the shearing mechanism 5 is arranged at the outlet of the bulking die 4, the conditioner 2 is arranged above the feeding port of the screw extrusion mechanism 3, and the feeder 1 is arranged on the feeding port of the conditioner 2, and the feeder 1 is used for directly conveying powder or granular material to the conditioner 2. In addition, the conditioner 2 is also connected with an external steam supply system through a steam conveying pipeline. Among them, the conditioner 2 adopts a normal-pressure cylinder, and stirring paddles are distributed on the rotating shaft in the cylinder, which is used for uniformly mixing and conveying materials, and a plurality of steam nozzles are arranged in the cylinder, and the water vapor from the external steam supply system is uniformly distributed in the materials through the nozzles, so that the heating and wetting of the materials are more uniform.
[0005] The above bulking machine has the following technical defects: first, the conditioner 2 heats and wets the materials through the multi-point steam nozzles, and due to the low heat transfer efficiency of water vapor, it is difficult to realize the rapid and sufficient conditioning of the materials; second, in order to make up for the insufficient conditioning effect of a single layer, a multi-layer (for example, two or three layers) conditioner is often designed in series, which prolongs the conditioning time, but also causes problems such as excessive weight, complex structure, and height increase of the equipment, and the temperature loss of the materials in the multi-layer transfer process affects the conditioning effect; third, the conditioner 2 is connected with the external steam supply system through the steam conveying pipeline, and the external steam supply system is a complex skid-mounted equipment, which contains a large number of valves and instruments, resulting in a significant increase in the manufacturing cost of the external steam supply system; finally, the conditioner 2 and the screw extrusion mechanism 3 adopt independent driving mode, which not only increases the complexity of the transmission system, but also significantly increases the manufacturing and maintenance cost of the equipment. Overall, the above bulking machine has the problems of large equipment and high manufacturing cost. Content of the utility model
[0006] The main purpose of the present application is to provide an improved feed forming machine and bulking machine to solve the technical problems of large equipment and high manufacturing cost caused by the independent setting of the conditioner above the screw extrusion mechanism in the feed forming machine and bulking machine. Another purpose of the present application is to provide an improved conditioner for feed processing to solve the technical problems of low working efficiency and long conditioning time of the existing conditioner.
[0007] In a first aspect, a bulking machine is provided, comprising: a screw extrusion mechanism including a barrel and a screw cooperatively arranged in the barrel; and a bulking die arranged at an outlet end of the screw extrusion mechanism; the screw extrusion mechanism has a conditioning extrusion conveying section and a bulking extrusion conveying section arranged in sequence along a material movement direction, the barrel has a conditioning extrusion conveying section barrel and a bulking extrusion conveying section barrel corresponding to the conditioning extrusion conveying section and the bulking extrusion conveying section respectively, and the screw has a conditioning extrusion conveying section screw cooperatively arranged in the conditioning extrusion conveying section barrel and a bulking extrusion conveying section screw cooperatively arranged in the bulking extrusion conveying section barrel; the conditioning extrusion conveying section barrel is arranged with a water supplement pipeline and a reinforcing heating device, the water supplement pipeline is used to be connected with a water supplement device and add water and / or steam into a material conveying chamber of the conditioning extrusion conveying section, and the reinforcing heating device is capable of reinforcing heating in the material conveying chamber so that the conditioning extrusion conveying section reaches a required conditioning capacity.
[0008] In a second aspect, a bulking processing method is provided, which obtains a bulking material through the bulking machine of the first aspect, and cuts the bulking material through a shearing mechanism located at an outlet of the bulking die to obtain a bulking granular material.
[0009] In a third aspect, a feed forming machine is provided, comprising: a screw extrusion mechanism including a barrel and a screw cooperatively arranged in the barrel; and a forming die arranged at an outlet end of the screw extrusion mechanism; the screw extrusion mechanism has a conditioning extrusion conveying section and a forming extrusion conveying section arranged in sequence along a material movement direction, the barrel has a conditioning extrusion conveying section barrel and a forming extrusion conveying section barrel corresponding to the conditioning extrusion conveying section and the forming extrusion conveying section respectively, and the screw has a conditioning extrusion conveying section screw cooperatively arranged in the conditioning extrusion conveying section barrel and a forming extrusion conveying section screw cooperatively arranged in the forming extrusion conveying section barrel; the conditioning extrusion conveying section barrel is arranged with a water supplement pipeline and a reinforcing heating device, the water supplement pipeline is used to be connected with a water supplement device and add water and / or steam into a material conveying chamber of the conditioning extrusion conveying section during working, and the reinforcing heating device is capable of reinforcing heating in the material conveying chamber so that the conditioning extrusion conveying section reaches a required conditioning capacity.
[0010] In a fourth aspect, a conditioner for feed processing is provided, which includes a screw extrusion mechanism, the screw extrusion mechanism comprising a press barrel, a screw cooperatively arranged in the press barrel, and a rotary driving device for driving the screw, a discharge port is arranged at a front end of the press barrel, and a feeding port is arranged at an upper side of a rear end of the press barrel; wherein the screw extrusion mechanism has a conditioning extrusion conveying section, the press barrel has a conditioning extrusion conveying section press barrel corresponding to the conditioning extrusion conveying section, and the screw has a conditioning extrusion conveying section screw cooperatively arranged in the conditioning extrusion conveying section press barrel; a water supplement pipeline and a reinforced heating device are arranged in the conditioning extrusion conveying section press barrel, the water supplement pipeline is connected with a water supplement device and adds water or water vapor into a material conveying chamber of the conditioning extrusion conveying section during work, and the reinforced heating device can perform reinforced heating on the material conveying chamber so that the conditioning extrusion conveying section reaches a required conditioning capacity.
[0011] The feed forming machine / puffing machine of the utility model has the innovative design of arranging the conditioning extrusion conveying section and the forming extrusion conveying section / puffing extrusion conveying section in the screw extrusion mechanism, integrates the conditioning function into the screw extrusion mechanism, can (but not necessarily) eliminate the layout of the conditioner independently arranged above the screw extrusion mechanism in the traditional equipment, arranges the water supplement pipeline and the reinforced heating device in the conditioning extrusion conveying section press barrel, can realize the rapid and sufficient conditioning of the material, and ensures the conditioning effect. The design helps to simplify the equipment structure, reduce the equipment height and manufacturing cost, can also improve the complexity problem of the transmission system caused by the independent driving of the conditioner and the screw extrusion mechanism in the traditional equipment, and realizes the technical effects of compact structure and economical cost.
[0012] The conditioner for feed processing of the utility model adopts the screw extrusion mechanism design, configures the water supplement pipeline and the reinforced heating device in the conditioning extrusion conveying section press barrel, can accurately control the conditioning moisture of the material through the water supplement pipeline, can also ensure that the material reaches the required conditioning temperature rapidly through the reinforced heating device, simultaneously promotes the sufficient mixing of the material and the moisture by the extrusion conveying effect of the screw, thereby effectively improves the conditioning effect, improves the working efficiency of the conditioner, and can reduce the conditioning time.
[0013] The utility model will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. The additional aspects and advantages provided by the utility model will be partially given in the following description, partially will become obvious from the following description, or will be known by practice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0014] The drawings constituting a part of this specification are used to assist the understanding of the utility model, the content provided in the drawings and the related description in the specification can be used to explain the utility model, but do not constitute improper limitation on the utility model.
[0015] Figure 1 A product drawing of a bulking machine currently produced by the applicant.
[0016] Figure 2 A structural schematic view of a bulking machine according to the first embodiment of the present application.
[0017] Figure 3 For Figure 2 A structural schematic view of a screw extrusion mechanism and a bulking die in the bulking machine.
[0018] Figure 4 For Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a pressure barrel of a conditioning extrusion conveying section in the bulking machine.
[0019] In the drawing, reference signs are as follows: a feeder 1, a conditioner 2, a screw extrusion mechanism 3, a conditioning extrusion conveying section 3A, a bulking extrusion conveying section 3B, a pressure barrel 31, a conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure barrel 31A, a bulking extrusion conveying section pressure barrel 31B, a feeding port 311, a screw 32, a conditioning extrusion conveying section screw 32A, a bulking extrusion conveying section screw 32B, a flange pipe 33, a bulking die 4, a shearing mechanism 5, a transmission box 6, a driving motor 7, a machine base 8, a water supplementing pipeline 9, and a heating device 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. Before the present application is disclosed with reference to the drawings, it is to be particularly noted that:
[0021] The technical solutions and technical features provided in each part including the following descriptions can be combined with each other without conflict. In addition, in the case of possibility, these technical solutions, technical features and related combinations can be given a specific technical subject and protected by a related patent.
[0022] The embodiments of the present application involved in the following descriptions are usually only a part of the embodiments but not all the embodiments. Based on these embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of patent protection.
[0023] The terms "include", "contain", "have" and any variations thereof in the present specification and corresponding claims and related parts are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. Other related terms and units can be reasonably interpreted based on the related content provided in the present specification.
[0024] Figure 1This is a product image of an extruder currently manufactured by the applicant. This extruder is primarily used for producing feed for floating fish. Figure 1 As shown, the main body of the extruder includes several major parts: a feeder 1, a conditioner 2, a screw extrusion mechanism 3 (including a press barrel and a screw fitted in the press barrel), an extrusion die 4, a shearing mechanism 5, a transmission box 6, a drive motor 7, and a machine base 8. The screw extrusion mechanism 3, the transmission box 6, and the drive motor 7 are respectively mounted on the machine base 8. The screw in the screw extrusion mechanism 3 is connected to the drive motor 7 through the transmission box 6. The extrusion die 4 is located at the outlet end of the screw extrusion mechanism 3, and the shearing mechanism 5 is located at the outlet of the extrusion die 4. The conditioner 2 is located above the feed inlet of the screw extrusion mechanism 3, and the feeder 1 is located at the feed inlet of the conditioner 2. The feeder 1 is used to directly feed powder or granular material into the conditioner 2. Furthermore, the conditioner 2 is connected to an external steam supply system via a steam delivery pipeline. Among them, the conditioner 2 adopts an atmospheric pressure cylinder, and the rotating shaft inside the cylinder is equipped with stirring blades for uniform mixing and conveying of materials. The cylinder is also equipped with multiple steam nozzles, and water vapor from the external steam supply system is evenly distributed in the material through the nozzles to ensure more uniform heating and wetting of the material.
[0025] The aforementioned extruders generally suffer from several technical defects: First, the conditioner 2 heats and moistens the material through multiple steam nozzles. Due to the low heat transfer efficiency of steam, it is difficult to achieve rapid and thorough conditioning of the material. Second, to compensate for the insufficient conditioning effect of a single layer, a multi-layer (e.g., two or three layers) conditioner series design is often adopted. Although this prolongs the conditioning time, it also results in excessive equipment weight, complex structure, and increased height. Furthermore, the material is prone to temperature loss during multi-layer transfer, affecting the conditioning effect. Third, because the conditioner 2 is connected to an external steam supply system through a steam delivery pipeline, and this external steam supply system is a complex skid-mounted device containing numerous valves and instruments, the manufacturing cost of the external steam supply system is significantly increased. Finally, the conditioner 2 and the screw extrusion mechanism 3 use independent drive methods, which not only increases the complexity of the transmission system but also significantly increases the manufacturing and maintenance costs of the equipment. Overall, the aforementioned extruders suffer from large size and high manufacturing costs.
[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an extruder according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model. Figure 3 for Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the screw extrusion mechanism and the extrusion die in the extruder. Figure 4 for Figure 2 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of the press cylinder in the conditioning and extrusion conveying section of the extruder. (See attached diagram.) Figures 2-4As shown, for the problem of the above puffed machine, the puffed machine of the embodiment one of the utility model directly cancels the original conditioner 2 (including external steam supply system), by lengthening the length of the screw extrusion mechanism 3 and arranging the water supplement pipeline 9 and the reinforced heating device 10 on the screw extrusion mechanism 3, so that the latter section of the screw extrusion mechanism 3 has the conditioning effect similar to or even better than the original conditioner 2. Experiments show that the puffed machine of the embodiment one of the utility model has the advantages of significantly reduced manufacturing cost, and the floating water fish feed produced by the puffed machine has the same form and quality as Figure 1 The floating water fish feed produced by the puffed machine has the same form and quality as
[0027] Specifically, the puffed machine of the embodiment one of the utility model still includes a feeder 1, a screw extrusion mechanism 3 (including a pressure machine cylinder 31 and a screw 32 arranged in the pressure machine cylinder), a puffed die head 4, a shearing mechanism 5, a transmission box 6, a driving motor 7, and a machine base 8, wherein the screw extrusion mechanism 3, the transmission box 6, and the driving motor 7 are respectively installed on the machine base 8, the screw in the screw extrusion mechanism 3 is connected with the driving motor 7 through the transmission box 6, the puffed die head 4 is arranged at the outlet end of the screw extrusion mechanism 3, the shearing mechanism 5 is arranged at the outlet of the puffed die head 4, the last end of the screw extrusion mechanism 3 is connected with the transmission box and the upper side is provided with a feeding port, and the feeder 1 is arranged above the feeding port of the screw extrusion mechanism 3, and the feeder 1 is used for directly conveying powder or granular material to the feeding port.
[0028] The screw extrusion mechanism 3 has a conditioning extrusion conveying section 3A and a puffing extrusion conveying section 3B arranged in sequence along the material movement direction, the pressure machine cylinder 31 has a conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder 31A and a puffing extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder 31B corresponding to the conditioning extrusion conveying section 3A and the puffing extrusion conveying section 3B respectively, and the screw 32 has a conditioning extrusion conveying section screw 32A arranged in the conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder 31A and a puffing extrusion conveying section screw 32B arranged in the puffing extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder 31B. In addition, the conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder 31A is arranged with a water supplement pipeline 9 and a reinforced heating device 10, the water supplement pipeline 9 is used for being connected with a water supplement device and adding water into a material conveying chamber of the conditioning extrusion conveying section 3A, and the reinforced heating device 10 can perform reinforced heating on the material conveying chamber so that the conditioning extrusion conveying section 3A reaches the required conditioning capacity.
[0029] It can be seen that the extruder of the embodiment one of the utility model realizes seamless connection from conditioning to extrusion, and improves energy utilization efficiency.
[0030] More specifically, in the extruder of the embodiment one of the utility model, the conditioning extrusion conveying section 3A integrates the conditioning function into the screw extrusion structure, directly adds water through the water supplement pipeline 9 and performs efficient heating by the reinforced heating device 10, the water is rapidly converted into water vapor, and the rotation and extrusion of the conditioning extrusion conveying section screw 32A promote the contact, mixing, heating and homogenization of the material and the water vapor, so that the starch is pre-gelatinized and the protein is preliminarily denatured, preparing for subsequent expansion; and after receiving the pretreated material, the expansion extrusion conveying section 3B performs high-temperature and high-pressure extrusion and strong shearing by the expansion extrusion conveying section screw 32B, so that the starch is completely gelatinized, the protein is completely denatured and a network structure is formed, and the material is instantaneously expanded after passing through the expansion die 4, and finally a floating fish feed product with a porous structure is formed. It can be seen that the above-mentioned whole process realizes seamless connection from conditioning to extrusion, and improves energy utilization efficiency.
[0031] In addition, there is an essential difference in working principle between the traditional conditioner 2 and the conditioning extrusion conveying section 3A of the application. The traditional conditioner 2 adopts a normal pressure cylinder structure, relies on internal stirring paddles to mix the material (the gap between the material and the normal pressure cylinder is large), and sprays water vapor to the material through a multi-point vapor nozzle for indirect heating conditioning, so that the heat transfer efficiency is low, and multiple layers are often connected in series to prolong the conditioning time; and in the extruder of the embodiment one of the utility model, the conditioning function is integrated between the conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure cylinder 31A and the conditioning extrusion conveying section screw 32A, liquid water is directly injected through the water supplement pipeline 9 and heat is provided by the reinforced heating device 10, and the extrusion force, shearing force and mechanical heat generated by the rotation of the conditioning extrusion conveying section screw 32A are combined to promote the material to rapidly absorb water, uniformly heat and plasticize under a certain pressure condition (the pressure is usually lower than that in the expansion extrusion conveying section 3B, but is significantly higher than that in the traditional conditioner), so that more efficient heat transfer and more sufficient conditioning effect are realized, the complexity of the external vapor supply system and the need for an additional drive system are completely eliminated, the equipment structure is more compact, and the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced.
[0032] The screw extrusion mechanism 3 can be a single screw extrusion mechanism, a double screw extrusion mechanism, or even a triple screw extrusion mechanism.
[0033] In the screw extrusion mechanism of the bulking machine, the gap between the screw and the press cylinder (specifically, the radial single-sided gap between the outer diameter of the screw and the inner diameter of the screw cooperation part in the press cylinder, that is, half of the difference between the outer diameter of the screw and the inner diameter of the screw cooperation part in the press cylinder) is usually 0.1-0.5mm. In the bulking machine of Embodiment One of the present application, the radial single-sided gap between the outer diameter of the screw 32 and the inner diameter of the screw cooperation part in the press cylinder 31 is still 0.1-0.5mm.
[0034] In combination with Figures 1-3 the drawings, the screw extrusion mechanism of the current bulking machine is mostly designed as follows: the press cylinder 31 is composed of multiple flange pipes 33 of the same specification connected horizontally in series, the flange pipe 33 (in Figure 3 the flange pipe with serial number VIII) at the front end of the press cylinder 31 is connected to the bulking die head 4, the flange pipe 33 (in Figure 3 the flange pipe with serial number I) at the rear end of the press cylinder 31 is connected to the transmission box 6 and has a feed inlet 311 on the upper side, and the rear end of the screw 32 is connected to the transmission mechanism in the transmission box 6 through the flange pipe 33 at the rear end of the press cylinder 31.
[0035] The design that the press cylinder 31 is composed of multiple flange pipes 33 of the same specification connected horizontally in series has the following advantages: the modular design of the press cylinder 31 is realized through the standardized flange pipes 33, which facilitates flexible adjustment of the total length of the screw extrusion mechanism 3 according to process requirements, and simplifies the manufacturing and assembly process of the press cylinder 31; the standardized flange pipes 33 facilitate batch production and reduce manufacturing costs; in addition, when replacement or maintenance is required, only the flange pipe 33 at a specific position needs to be disassembled without replacing the entire press cylinder 31, thereby reducing maintenance time and spare parts costs.
[0036] Currently, the flange pipe 33 of the screw extrusion mechanism of the bulking machine is usually designed as follows: with each additional flange pipe 33, the length of the screw extrusion mechanism is increased by approximately 4:1 of the length-diameter ratio (that is, the ratio of the length of the screw 32 in the part of the press cylinder 31 to the outer diameter of the screw 32). The screw extrusion mechanism of the traditional bulking machine generally uses four to five flange pipes (five flange pipes are used in Figure 1 ). That is, the length-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion mechanism of the traditional bulking machine is usually 16-20 (when four flange pipes are used, the length-diameter ratio is 4*4=16, and when five flange pipes are used, the length-diameter ratio is 5*4=20).
[0037] The extruder in Embodiment 1 of this utility model continues the design where the press barrel 31 is formed by horizontally connecting multiple flange pipes 33 of the same specification. This design has a particular advantage for this utility model: when the press barrel 31 is formed by horizontally connecting multiple flange pipes 33 of the same specification, it facilitates the functional zoning of the screw extrusion mechanism (tempering extrusion conveying section 3A and extrusion extrusion conveying section 3B), and allows for the installation of water supply pipes 9 and enhanced heating devices 10 on flange pipes 33 at different locations as needed.
[0038] Specifically, in the extruder of Embodiment 1 of this utility model, the number of flange tubes 33 is increased to eight sections, with the first four sections of flange tubes 33 (i.e. Figure 3 The flanges numbered V, VI, VII, and VIII in the middle section constitute the press cylinder 31B of the expansion and extrusion conveying section, and the last four flanges 33 (i.e. Figure 3 The flanges numbered II, III, and IV in the middle section constitute the press barrel 31A of the tempering and extrusion conveying section. Furthermore, the flange 33 located at the rear end of the press barrel 31 (i.e., Figure 3 The flange 33 (i.e., the flange pipe following the flange pipe in serial number I) used to constitute the press cylinder 31A of the tempering and extrusion conveying section. Figure 3 The flanges (numbered II, III, and IV) are equipped with a water supply pipe 9 and an enhanced heating device 10. Of course, Figure 3 Water supply pipe 9 and enhanced heating device 10 can also be arranged in flange pipe 33 of serial number I.
[0039] In other words, in the extruder of Embodiment 1 of this utility model, the length-to-diameter ratio of the screw extrusion mechanism 3 is increased to 32 (8*4=32); and the ratio of the length of the press barrel of the tempering extrusion conveying section to the length of the press barrel of the extrusion extrusion conveying section is 1:1.
[0040] Furthermore, based on the extruder design of Embodiment 1 of this utility model, the range of length-to-diameter ratio and the range of the ratio of the length of the press barrel in the tempering extrusion conveying section to the length of the press barrel in the extrusion extrusion conveying section can be reasonably expanded. For example, the ratio of the length of the portion of the screw 32 located in the press barrel 31 to the outer diameter of the screw 32 can be set to 24-60, and the ratio of the length of the press barrel 31A in the tempering extrusion conveying section to the length of the press barrel 31B in the extrusion extrusion conveying section can be set to 0.5-2.5.
[0041] Based on the concept of this utility model, by increasing or decreasing the number of flange pipes 33 and adjusting the distribution ratio of the number of flange pipes 33 between the tempering extrusion conveying section 3A and the puffing extrusion conveying section 3B, different length-to-diameter ratios and the ratio of the length of the press cylinder in the tempering extrusion conveying section to the length of the press cylinder in the puffing extrusion conveying section can be configured. This modular design allows the extruder to adapt to different material characteristics and processing requirements. For example, for easily plasticized materials, the length of the press cylinder 31A in the tempering extrusion conveying section can be reduced (the ratio of the length of the press cylinder 31A in the tempering extrusion conveying section to the length of the press cylinder 31B in the puffing extrusion conveying section can be reduced to 0.5), while for materials that are difficult to temper, the length of the press cylinder 31A in the tempering extrusion conveying section can be extended (the ratio of the length of the press cylinder 31A in the tempering extrusion conveying section to the length of the press cylinder 31B in the puffing extrusion conveying section can be increased to 2.5). Meanwhile, a lower length-to-diameter ratio (e.g., 24-28) is suitable for materials that are easy to condition and expand, resulting in high processing efficiency and low energy consumption; a higher length-to-diameter ratio (e.g., 40-60) can provide more material processing time and greater mechanical energy input, allowing the material to stay in the press barrel 31 for a longer time. This ensures that the water added by the water supply pipe 9 and the heat provided by the enhanced heating device 10 are fully mixed with the material under the extrusion and shearing forces of the screw 32A in the conditioning and extrusion conveying section, effectively improving the expansion processing effect of difficult-to-process materials.
[0042] Let X be the ratio of the length of the screw 32 located in the part of the press barrel 31 to the outer diameter of the screw 32. The press barrel is formed by Y sections of flange pipe 33 connected horizontally in series. Then the combination of X and Y usually includes the following cases: First case: X=28 and Y=7; Second case: X=32 and Y=8; Third case: X=36 and Y=9; Fourth case: X=40 and Y=10; Fifth case: X=44 and Y=11; Sixth case: X=48 and Y=12; Seventh case: X=52 and Y=13.
[0043] In other words, generally speaking, the extruder of this utility model can include the following seven types:
[0044] Type 1: 7-section flanged pipe, with a length-to-diameter ratio of 28 (7×4) for the screw extrusion mechanism;
[0045] The second type: 8-section flange pipe, with a length-to-diameter ratio of 32 (8×4) for the screw extrusion mechanism;
[0046] The third type: 9-section flange pipe, with a length-to-diameter ratio of 36 (9×4) for the screw extrusion mechanism;
[0047] The fourth type: 10-section flange pipe, with a length-to-diameter ratio of 40 (10×4) for the screw extrusion mechanism;
[0048] Fifth type: 11-section flange pipe, with a length-to-diameter ratio of 44 (11×4) for the screw extrusion mechanism;
[0049] The sixth kind: 12 flange pipe, the length-diameter ratio of screw extrusion mechanism 48 (12*4);
[0050] The seventh kind: 13 flange pipe, the length-diameter ratio of screw extrusion mechanism 52 (13*4).
[0051] In the extruder of the embodiment one, the gear set is installed in the transmission box 8, the rear end of the screw 32 is connected with the output shaft of the gear set, and the input shaft of the gear set is connected with the driving motor 7.
[0052] In the extruder of the embodiment one, the water supplement device comprises a water pump, the input end of the water pump is connected with a water source, and the output end of the water pump is connected with each water inlet end of the water supplement pipeline.
[0053] Compared with the traditional extruder using an external steam supply system, the design of directly conveying liquid water from the water source to the water supplement pipeline by the water pump has a significant cost advantage: the traditional external steam supply system is a complex skid-mounted device, needs to be equipped with a large number of valves and instruments, and has high manufacturing cost; and the water supplement device has simple equipment structure and can greatly save equipment investment.
[0054] In the extruder of the embodiment one, the reinforcing heating device 10 can adopt at least one of an electric heater, a microwave heater, a press cylinder electromagnetic induction heater and an infrared radiation heater.
[0055] Specifically, in the extruder of the embodiment one, the reinforcing heating device 10 actually adopts the electric heater, and a plurality of electric heaters are surrounded in the pipe wall of the flange pipe 33, so that the pipe wall is heated to heat and reinforce the material conveying chamber.
[0056] In an optional embodiment, the microwave heater is arranged on the inner wall of the corresponding flange pipe 33, the microwave generated by the microwave heater can directly heat the material in the material conveying chamber, and the heating and warming speed is fast.
[0057] In an optional embodiment, the induction coil (press cylinder electromagnetic induction heater) is installed on the periphery of the corresponding flange pipe 33, the pipe wall is rapidly heated through the electromagnetic induction principle, the pipe wall is heated to heat and reinforce the material conveying chamber.
[0058] In an optional embodiment, the infrared radiation heater is arranged on the inner wall of the corresponding flange pipe 33, and the material is heated by using the infrared radiation heat.
[0059] In the extrusion processing method, the extruded material is obtained through the extruder of the embodiment one, and the extruded granular material is obtained by cutting the extruded material through the shearing mechanism 5 located at the outlet of the extrusion die 4.
[0060] Based on the extruder of the embodiment one of the utility model, the utility model further provides a conditioner for feed processing, including screw extrusion mechanism, the screw extrusion mechanism contains pressure machine cylinder, the screw that is set in the pressure machine cylinder in cooperation and the rotary drive device of drive this screw, the front end of pressure machine cylinder is equipped with the discharge gate, and the rear end upside of pressure machine cylinder is equipped with the feed inlet, wherein, the screw extrusion mechanism has conditioning extrusion conveying section, the pressure machine cylinder has with conditioning extrusion conveying section corresponding conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder, the screw has the conditioning extrusion conveying section screw that is set in conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder in cooperation, the conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder is arranged with the water supply pipeline and the reinforcing heating device, the water supply pipeline is used for being connected with water supply device and adding water in the material conveying chamber of conditioning extrusion conveying section when working, the reinforcing heating device can reinforce heating in the material conveying chamber to make this conditioning extrusion conveying section reach the conditioning capacity required.
[0061] Wherein, the length of the screw in the conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder and the outer diameter of the screw are set to 8-36, and the gap between the conditioning extrusion conveying section screw and the conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder is 0.1-0.5mm.
[0062] Wherein, the reinforcing heating device adopts at least one of an electric heater, a microwave heater, a pressure machine cylinder electromagnetic induction heater, and an infrared radiation heater.
[0063] Wherein, the water supply device includes a water pump, the input end of the water pump is connected to a water source, and the output end of the water pump is connected to each water inlet of the water supply pipeline.
[0064] The above conditioner for feed processing can be a special conditioner for the extruder for feed processing. When in use, the screw extrusion mechanism of the conditioner for feed processing and the screw extrusion mechanism of the extruder are the same screw extrusion mechanism, the screw extrusion mechanism has the conditioning extrusion conveying section and the puffing extrusion conveying section arranged in sequence along the material movement direction, the pressure machine cylinder has the conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder and the puffing extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder corresponding to the conditioning extrusion conveying section and the forming extrusion conveying section respectively, and the screw has the conditioning extrusion conveying section screw arranged in the conditioning extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder and the forming extrusion conveying section screw arranged in the puffing extrusion conveying section pressure machine cylinder. At this time, the extruder is the extruder of the embodiment one of the utility model.
[0065] In a possible case, the screw extrusion mechanism of the conditioner for feed processing and the screw extrusion mechanism of the extruder are independent and different screw extrusion mechanisms. For example, the conditioner for feed processing can be arranged above the screw extrusion mechanism of the extruder in a manner similar to the conditioner 2 in the extruder. Figure 1
[0066] The conditioner for feed processing is similar to Figure 1 The scheme of arranging the conditioner 2 above the screw extruder of the bulking machine is a compromise, which can still solve the problem of low efficiency of the traditional conditioner, but does not fully exert the advantages of the integrated design in the first embodiment of the present application.
[0067] The relevant content of the present application has been described above. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the present application based on these descriptions. Based on the above content of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor shall fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims
1. Feed forming machine, including: A screw extrusion mechanism includes a press barrel and a screw that is fitted into the press barrel; as well as A forming die head is located at the outlet end of the screw extrusion mechanism; Its features are: The screw extrusion mechanism has a tempering extrusion conveying section and a forming extrusion conveying section arranged sequentially along the material movement direction. The press barrel has a tempering extrusion conveying section press barrel and a forming extrusion conveying section press barrel, which are respectively corresponding to the tempering extrusion conveying section and the forming extrusion conveying section. The screw has a tempering extrusion conveying section screw and a forming extrusion conveying section screw that are configured in the tempering extrusion conveying section press barrel. The press cylinder of the tempering and extrusion conveying section is equipped with a water supply pipeline and an enhanced heating device. The water supply pipeline is connected to the water supply device and adds water / or water vapor to the material conveying chamber of the tempering and extrusion conveying section during operation. The enhanced heating device can enhance the heating of the material conveying chamber, thereby enabling the tempering and extrusion conveying section to achieve the required tempering capacity.
2. The feed forming machine as described in claim 1, characterized in that: As an extruder for feed processing, the forming extrusion conveying section is an extrusion extrusion conveying section, the screw of the forming extrusion conveying section is an extrusion extrusion conveying section screw, the forming die head is an extrusion die head, and a shearing mechanism is provided at the outlet of the extrusion die head.
3. The feed forming machine as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The press barrel is composed of multiple flanged pipes of the same specification connected horizontally in series. The flanged pipe at the front end of the press barrel is connected to the expansion die, and the flanged pipe at the rear end of the press barrel is connected to the transmission box and has a feed port on its upper side. The flanged pipe of the press barrel serving as the tempering extrusion conveying section is equipped with a water supply pipe and an enhanced heating device. The rear end of the screw passes through the flanged pipe at the rear end of the press barrel and is connected to the transmission mechanism in the transmission box. The ratio of the length of the screw portion located in the press barrel to the outer diameter of the screw is set to 24-60, and the ratio of the length of the tempering extrusion conveying section press barrel to the length of the expansion extrusion conveying section press barrel is 0.5-2.
5.
4. The feed forming machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A feeder is provided above the feed inlet, which is used to directly feed powder or granules into the feed inlet; and / or, the screw extrusion mechanism is a twin-screw extrusion mechanism, and the press barrel is composed of multiple rectangular flange tubes connected in series horizontally.
5. The feed forming machine as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Let X be the ratio of the length of the portion of the screw located in the press barrel to the outer diameter of the screw. The press barrel is composed of Y flange pipes connected horizontally in series. Then the combinations of X and Y include the following cases: First case: X=28 and Y=7; Second case: X=32 and Y=8; Third case: X=36 and Y=9; Fourth case: X=40 and Y=10; Fifth case: X=44 and Y=11; Sixth case: X=48 and Y=12; Seventh case: X=52 and Y=13.
6. The feed forming machine as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The press cylinder of the puffing and extrusion conveying section is composed of four to five flanged pipes connected in series horizontally.
7. The feed forming machine according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The enhanced heating device employs at least one of an electric heater, a microwave heater, a press cylinder electromagnetic induction heater, and an infrared radiation heater; and / or, the water replenishment device includes a water pump, the input end of which is connected to a water source, and the output end of which is connected to each inlet end of the water replenishment pipeline.
8. A conditioner for feed processing, characterized in that: The device includes a screw extrusion mechanism, which comprises a press barrel, a screw disposed in the press barrel, and a rotary drive device for driving the screw. The front end of the press barrel is provided with a discharge port, and the upper rear end of the press barrel is provided with a feed port. The screw extrusion mechanism has a tempering extrusion conveying section, the press barrel has a tempering extrusion conveying section press barrel corresponding to the tempering extrusion conveying section, and the screw has a tempering extrusion conveying section screw that is fitted into the tempering extrusion conveying section press barrel. The press cylinder of the tempering and extrusion conveying section is equipped with a water supply pipeline and an enhanced heating device. The water supply pipeline is connected to the water supply device and adds water / or water vapor to the material conveying chamber of the tempering and extrusion conveying section during operation. The enhanced heating device can enhance the heating of the material conveying chamber, thereby enabling the tempering and extrusion conveying section to achieve the required tempering capacity.
9. The conditioner for feed processing as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The ratio of the length of the screw located in the press barrel of the tempering and extrusion conveying section to the outer diameter of the screw is set to 8-36, and the gap between the screw in the tempering and extrusion conveying section and the press barrel in the tempering and extrusion conveying section is 0.1-0.5mm; And / or, the enhanced heating device employs at least one of an electric heater, a microwave heater, a press cylinder electromagnetic induction heater, and an infrared radiation heater; And / or, the water replenishment device includes a water pump, the input end of which is connected to a water source, and the output end of which is connected to each water inlet of the water replenishment pipeline.
10. The conditioner for feed processing as described in claim 8, characterized in that: A special conditioner for extruders used in feed processing; When in use, its screw extrusion mechanism is the same as the screw extrusion mechanism of the extruder. This screw extrusion mechanism has a conditioning extrusion conveying section and an extrusion extrusion conveying section arranged sequentially along the material movement direction. The press barrel has a conditioning extrusion conveying section press barrel and an extrusion extrusion conveying section press barrel corresponding to the conditioning extrusion conveying section and the extrusion extrusion conveying section, respectively. The screw has a conditioning extrusion conveying section screw that is matched and arranged in the conditioning extrusion conveying section press barrel and an extrusion extrusion conveying section screw that is matched and arranged in the extrusion extrusion conveying section press barrel. Alternatively, the screw extrusion mechanism of the extruder and the screw extrusion mechanism of the puffing machine can be separate and independent screw extrusion mechanisms during use.