Double-shaft spine vertebral pedicle screw-setting guiding and positioning device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a double-shaft spinal pedicle screw placement guiding and positioning device which comprises a first dial, the first dial is arranged in an arc shape, one end of the first dial is fixedly connected with a guiding pipe A, the guiding pipe A is arranged in the radial direction of the first dial, and a fixed rod is fixedly inserted into the guiding pipe A; the second dial is arranged in an arc shape, a sliding block is fixedly connected to the second dial in a position-adjustable mode, a guide pipe B is arranged on the sliding block, and a drill bit is inserted into the guide pipe B; wherein a through hole A is formed in the center of the second dial, and the first dial penetrates through the through hole A and is adjustably fixed on the second dial. According to the double-shaft spine vertebral pedicle screw placement guiding positioner, the double-shaft angle of the drill bit can be accurately adjusted, so that the precision and efficiency of vertebral pedicle screw placement are improved, and the high clinical application value is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The utility model relates to orthopedics medical instrument field especially relates to a double -shaft spinal pedicle screw placement guide positioner. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of spinal (cervical vertebra, thoracic vertebra, lumbar vertebra, sacral vertebra) surgery, often need to carry out pedicle screw placement and reconstruct spinal stability. Spinal pedicle is adjacent to important structures such as blood vessels and nerves, due to the different morphologies of spinal pedicle, the risk of manual screw placement is extremely high, and pedicle screw misplacement can cause serious complications such as blood vessel and nerve injury, resulting in surgical failure, and even endanger life. Although various devices such as O-arm navigation, electromagnetic navigation, robot navigation and other auxiliary spinal pedicle screw placement have appeared in clinic, due to the disadvantages of complex operation and high cost, they have not been widely popularized. How to improve the accuracy of spinal pedicle screw placement and increase the safety of screw placement has become a hot topic in clinical discussion. SUMMARY

[0003] The utility model solves the technical problem in the prior art, provides a novel double -shaft spinal pedicle screw placement guide positioner, the double -shaft spinal pedicle screw placement guide positioner of the utility model can realize the accurate adjustment of the double -shaft angle of drill bit, to improve the precision and efficiency of pedicle screw placement, and has strong clinical application value.

[0004] To achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model takes the technical scheme that:

[0005] A double -shaft spinal pedicle screw placement guide positioner, comprising,

[0006] The first dial is arranged in an arc shape, and one end of the first dial is fixedly connected with a guide pipe A; the guide pipe A is arranged radially along the first dial; and a fixed rod is inserted and fixed in the guide pipe A.

[0007] The second dial is arranged in an arc shape, and a slide block is fixedly connected to the second dial in an adjustable position; a guide pipe B is arranged on the slide block; and a drill bit is inserted in the guide pipe B.

[0008] The second dial is provided with a through hole A in the center, the first dial is fixed to the second dial in an adjustable position through the through hole A, and the first dial and the second dial are projected in a cross shape when viewed from above.

[0009] Further, the middle part of the first dial is protruded in a circular arc shape, the size of the through hole A matches the size of the cross section of the first dial, the second dial is provided with a positioning block fixed thereon, the through hole A is arranged through the positioning block, and a screw A is threadedly connected to a communication through hole on the positioning block.

[0010] Further, the slider is provided with a sliding groove matching the cross-sectional size of the second dial, and the slider is provided with a screw B threadedly connected with the sliding groove.

[0011] Further, the guide pipe A is fixedly connected with a fixed block at the upper end, the fixed block is provided with a threaded hole B, the threaded hole B is coaxially arranged with the guide pipe A, the fixed rod is provided with an external thread on the rod body, and the fixed rod passes through and is threadedly connected with the threaded hole B.

[0012] Further, one end of the fixed rod is in the shape of an internal hexagonal bolt head, and the other end is provided with a sharp head.

[0013] Further, when the second dial and the fixed block are attached to each other, and the slider and the fixed block are attached to each other, the opening angle formed by the fixed rod and the circular arc surface of the second dial is 0°, and the head or tail inclination angle formed by the fixed rod and the drill bit is 5°.

[0014] Further, the corresponding central angle of the first dial is 50°-90°, and the corresponding central angle of the second dial is 60°-120°.

[0015] Further, the first dial and the second dial are arc lengths on a circle with the same radius, and the circle radius ranges from 20 cm to 40 cm.

[0016] The utility model discloses the beneficial effect lies in,

[0017] By setting the arc-shaped first dial and the second dial, the extension angle and the head or tail inclination angle are formed by setting the top rod and the drill bit, the relative position of the first dial and the second dial is adjusted, and in addition, the arc-shaped use is more attached to the patient's waist.

[0018] By setting the positioning block and the screw A, the relative position of the first dial and the second dial is controlled, and the operation is convenient and fast.

[0019] By setting the sliding groove and the screw B to cooperate with each other to adjust the position of the drill bit, the position of the drill bit can be effectively adjusted and fixed.

[0020] By setting the threaded hole B in the fixed block and the thread on the fixed rod, the length of the fixed rod inserted into the guide pipe A can be effectively controlled.

[0021] By setting the internal hexagonal bolt head at one end of the fixed rod to facilitate adjustment, and setting the sharp head at the other end to facilitate puncture operation. DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first dial.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the outward-facing corner.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the head (tail) horn structure.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during surgery. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a biaxial spinal pedicle screw placement guide and locator includes,

[0030] The first dial 10 is arc-shaped, and a guide tube A102 is fixedly connected to one end of it. The guide tube A102 is arranged radially along the first dial 10, and a fixed rod 103 is inserted and fixed inside the guide tube A102.

[0031] The second dial 20 is arc-shaped and has a slider 201 fixedly connected to it in an adjustable position. The slider 201 is provided with a guide tube B202 and a drill bit 203 is inserted into the guide tube B202.

[0032] The second dial 20 has a through hole A204 at its center. The first dial 10 passes through the through hole A204 and is fixed to the second dial 20 in an adjustable position. The first dial 10 and the second dial 20 form a cross shape when viewed from above.

[0033] Furthermore, the first dial 10 has a circular arc protrusion in the middle, and the size of the through hole A204 matches the cross-sectional size of the first dial 10. A positioning block 205 is fixed on the second dial 20, and the through hole A204 passes through the positioning block 205. A screw A2051 connecting the through hole A204 is threaded onto the positioning block 205.

[0034] Furthermore, the slider 201 is provided with a groove 2011 whose shape matches the cross-sectional size of the second dial 20, and the slider 201 is provided with a screw B2012 threadedly connected to the groove 2011.

[0035] Furthermore, a fixing block 101 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the guide tube A102. The fixing block 101 is provided with a threaded through hole B1011. The threaded through hole B1011 is coaxially arranged with the guide tube A102. The fixed rod 103 is provided with an external thread on its body. The fixed rod 103 passes through the threaded through hole B1011 and is threadedly connected to it.

[0036] Furthermore, one end of the fixed rod 103 is shaped like an internal hex bolt head 1031, and the other end is provided with a pointed head 1032.

[0037] Furthermore, when the second dial 20 is moved to fit against the fixed block 101 and the slider 201 is fitted against the fixed block 101, the outward angle formed by the arcuate angle between the fixed rod 103 and the second dial 20 is 0°, and the head or tail tilt angle formed by the angle between the fixed rod 103 and the drill bit 203 is 5°.

[0038] Furthermore, the central angle corresponding to the first dial 10 is 50°~90°, and the central angle corresponding to the second dial 20 is 60°~120°.

[0039] Furthermore, the first dial 10 and the second dial 20 are arc lengths on circles with the same radius, and the radius of the circle ranges from 20 to 40 cm.

[0040] Specifically

[0041] During the surgery, the first dial 10 is oriented along the patient's waistline, while the two ends of the second dial 20 point towards the head and tail. By moving the positioning block 205 and the slider 201, the angle of the drill bit 203 relative to the fixed rod 103 can be adjusted, thereby changing the abduction angle and head (tail) tilt angle of the drill bit 203, allowing it to penetrate the pedicle of the spine at a specific abduction angle and head (tail) tilt angle. The abduction angle is the angle between the drill bit 203 and the fixed rod 103 in the patient's waistline plane, and the head (tail) tilt angle is the angle between the drill bit and the fixed rod in the patient's head and tail plane.

[0042] In this embodiment, the first dial 10 has a central angle of 60° and a radius of 20cm, and the second dial 20 has a central angle of 100° and a radius of 20cm.

[0043] This allows for an abduction angle of 0-60° and a head (tail) tilt angle of 5-45°. To overcome this limitation, the pedicle locator can be rotated 90° so that the first dial points towards the head or tail, and the second dial's arc curves around the patient's waistline. This interchanges the abduction and head (tail) tilt angles, increasing the drill's dual-axis angle range to 0-45° and 5-60°. This expands the drill's working range.

[0044] Based on the different anatomical characteristics of each patient's spinal pedicles, the pedicle screw placement path is planned preoperatively, and individualized screw placement is performed during the operation according to the planned angle and direction, which improves the accuracy of pedicle screw placement and reduces the incidence of complications related to screw misplacement.

[0045] Before the operation, the pedicle screw placement path was planned on the spinal CT, and the abduction angle (a) and head (tail) tilt angle of the pedicle screw placement were measured.

[0046] Figure 5 In the image, Figure A shows a transverse CT scan of the spine (lumbar vertebrae); Figure B shows a sagittal CT scan of the spine (lumbar vertebrae).

[0047] Solid red line: Central axis of the transverse section;

[0048] Blue solid line: horizontal line in the sagittal plane;

[0049] Yellow line: Pedicle screw placement trajectory;

[0050] Red dashed line: parallel to the red solid line, with an angle α between it and the yellow line;

[0051] The dashed blue line is parallel to the solid blue line and forms an angle of b with the yellow line.

[0052] Green dot: Pedicle screw placement point (this point can be seen during the operation after the paraspinal muscles are dissected);

[0053] a: The abduction angle of the pedicle screw placement;

[0054] b: Head (tail) tilt angle of pedicle screw placement.

[0055] The patient is placed in a prone position. The operating table is adjusted to make the surgical area horizontal. During the operation, the paraspinal muscles are dissected to expose the entry point of the pedicle on the surface of the spine. First, the fixed rod 103 is fixed to the entry point on the surface of the pedicle through the guide tube A102 and is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The second scale 20 is kept parallel to the spinous process of the spine. Then, the second scale 20 is slid on the first scale 10 to adjust to the abduction angle α of the pedicle screw placement measured before the operation. The slider 201 is slid on the second scale 20 to the head (tail) tilt angle b of the pedicle screw placement measured before the operation. Finally, the drill bit 203 is drilled through the guide tube B202 to prepare the pedicle screw placement channel. After removing the drill bit 203, the pedicle screw is inserted along the channel.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A biaxial spinal pedicle screw placement guide and locator, characterized in that, include, The first dial (10) is arc-shaped and has a guide tube A (102) fixedly connected to one end. The guide tube A (102) is arranged radially along the first dial (10) and a fixed rod (103) is inserted and fixed inside the guide tube A (102). The second dial (20) is arc-shaped. A slider (201) is fixedly connected to the second dial (20) in an adjustable position. A guide tube B (202) is provided on the slider (201). A drill bit (203) is inserted into the guide tube B (202). The second dial (20) has a through hole A (204) at its center. The first dial (10) passes through the through hole A (204) and is fixed to the second dial (20) in an adjustable position. The first dial (10) and the second dial (20) are cross-shaped when viewed from above.

2. The biaxial spinal pedicle screw placement guide and locator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dial (10) has a circular arc protrusion in the middle. The size of the through hole A (204) matches the cross-sectional size of the first dial (10). A positioning block (205) is fixed on the second dial (20). The through hole A (204) passes through the positioning block (205). A screw A (2051) connecting the through hole A (204) is threaded on the positioning block (205).

3. The biaxial spinal pedicle screw placement guide and locator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slider (201) is provided with a groove (2011) whose shape matches the cross-sectional size of the second dial (20), and the slider (201) is provided with a screw B (2012) threadedly connected to the groove (2011).

4. The biaxial spinal pedicle screw placement guide and locator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the guide tube A (102) is fixedly connected to a fixing block (101), and the fixing block (101) is provided with a threaded through hole B (1011). The threaded through hole B (1011) is coaxially arranged with the guide tube A (102). The fixed rod (103) is provided with an external thread, and the fixed rod (103) passes through the threaded through hole B (1011) and is threadedly connected to it.

5. A biaxial spinal pedicle screw placement guide and locator according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the fixed rod (103) is shaped like an internal hex bolt head (1031), and the other end is provided with a pointed head (1032).

6. A biaxial spinal pedicle screw placement guide and locator according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the second dial (20) is moved to fit against the fixed block (101) and the slider (201) is fitted against the fixed block (101), the outward angle formed by the arc angle between the fixed rod (103) and the second dial (20) is 0°, and the head or tail tilt angle formed by the angle between the fixed rod (103) and the drill bit (203) is 5°.

7. A biaxial spinal pedicle screw placement guide and locator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central angle corresponding to the first dial (10) is 50°~90°, and the central angle corresponding to the second dial (20) is 60°~120°.

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