Parallel rail surface placed train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a train fault linear array photographing device placed on parallel rail surfaces and having a self-cleaning function, belongs to the technical field of photographing devices, and aims to solve the problems that a traditional train fault linear array photographing device is unreasonable in arrangement height and poor in cleaning adaptability to an image acquisition area during working. A line scanning imaging system and a control and data processing unit are installed in the protection shell, the control and data processing unit is used for controlling the line scanning imaging system to conduct image collection and sending collected images to a terminal after conducting primary processing on the collected images, and a self-cleaning system is installed at the outer top of the protection shell; and the self-cleaning system is used for cleaning an image acquisition area at the front end of the protective shell. The linear array image acquisition device is mainly used for train bottom and wheel set fault detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of photographic device technology, specifically relating to a linear array photographic device for photographing train malfunctions with a self-cleaning function, placed parallel to the rail surface. Background Technology

[0002] Train fault line array photography devices are important information acquisition structures in train fault detection systems. Traditional train fault line array photography devices mostly use cameras that are installed vertically or laterally, which has the problem of excessive installation height. When carrying out railway maintenance work, such as tamping, it is necessary to move the detection equipment before the work can be carried out, which is inconvenient; or skip the section of railway to carry out the work, which creates hidden dangers.

[0003] Meanwhile, the acquisition range of line scan cameras is easily interfered with in harsh environments such as rain, snow, and dust, resulting in blurred images or false or missed detections. Frequent manual cleaning is required, which leads to high maintenance costs. Existing technology generally connects the camera box wipers to the motor extension shaft via a coupling and a rotating shaft, which drives the wipers to swing. The rotating shaft and the motor extension shaft can only be installed vertically to the top cover of the camera box. This not only results in a bulky structure that occupies a lot of camera box space, but also limits the cleaning of the horizontal top cover to a fixed angle, making it unsuitable for various applications.

[0004] Therefore, in order to overcome the problems of unreasonable placement height and poor adaptability to cleaning of the image acquisition area in traditional train fault linear array imaging devices, a train fault linear array imaging device with self-cleaning function that is placed parallel to the rail surface is provided. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to solve the problems of unreasonable placement height and poor adaptability to cleaning of the image acquisition area in traditional train fault linear array imaging devices, this utility model provides a train fault linear array imaging device with self-cleaning function that is placed parallel to the rail surface.

[0006] A train fault line array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface. The photographing device includes a protective shell. Inside the protective shell, a line scanning imaging system and a control and data processing unit are installed. The control and data processing unit is used to control the line scanning imaging system to acquire images and to send the acquired images to a terminal after preliminary processing. A self-cleaning system is installed on the top of the protective shell. The self-cleaning system is used to clean the image acquisition area at the front end of the protective shell.

[0007] The line scan imaging system includes a camera, with a supplementary light on one side of the camera. The camera and supplementary light are fixed to the bottom of the protective housing via a mounting bracket. A reflector is located in front of the camera's shooting end and is also fixed to the bottom of the protective housing via a mounting bracket. The reflector is positioned corresponding to the image acquisition area on the protective housing. A laser generator is located above the supplementary light and is mounted on the top of the protective housing via a laser generator temperature control unit and connected to the supplementary light via an optical fiber. The laser generator produces a laser to provide supplementary lighting for the camera. The supplementary light is used to change the shape of the laser so that it covers the photographed vehicle body. The reflector is used to change the light output direction of the camera and the laser so that the camera and supplementary light can be placed parallel to the track surface.

[0008] Preferably, the laser generator temperature control unit includes a heat dissipation mounting shell, a heating element, and a cooling element. The heat dissipation mounting shell is installed on the outer top of the protective shell and communicates with the inside of the protective shell. A laser generator mounting bracket is fixedly connected to the lower part of the heat dissipation mounting shell. The laser generator is installed in the laser generator mounting bracket. The heating element is fixed to the bottom of the laser generator. The cooling element is fixed to the top of the laser generator. Heat dissipation fins are installed between the cooling element and the inner top of the heat dissipation mounting shell.

[0009] Preferably, a cooling fan is provided on one side of the heat dissipation fins. The cooling fan is fixed to the inner top of the heat dissipation mounting shell, and the airflow output end of the cooling fan is directed towards the heat dissipation fins.

[0010] Preferably, the protective housing includes a lower housing, in which the camera, fill light, and reflector are all installed. An upper housing is detachably connected to the top of the lower housing. The front end of the upper housing is inclined and an image acquisition window is machined at the front end of the upper housing. A light-transmitting glass plate is embedded in the image acquisition window. The laser generator is installed on the top of the upper housing through a laser generator temperature control unit.

[0011] Preferably, the inclination angle of the front end of the upper housing is 45~60°;

[0012] Preferably, the self-cleaning system includes a mounting housing and a wiper. The mounting housing is fixed to the top of the protective housing. A wiper motor is installed inside the mounting housing. A wiper control component is integrated on the wiper motor. The wiper is located outside the mounting housing. The drive end of the wiper extends into the mounting housing and is connected to the power output shaft of the wiper motor. The working end of the wiper is correspondingly set to the light-transmitting glass. The wiper motor serves as a power source to drive the wiper to perform a cleaning action on the light-transmitting glass.

[0013] Preferably, the wiper includes a rotating shaft, one end of which extends into the mounting housing and is connected to the power output shaft of the wiper motor. The other end of the rotating shaft is disposed in the mounting housing and hinged to one end of the wiper arm. A brush head corresponding to the light-transmitting glass is hinged to the other end of the wiper arm. A spring is provided between the wiper arm and the rotating shaft, and the spring tension ensures that the wiper head makes tight sliding contact with the upper surface of the light-transmitting glass.

[0014] Preferably, the self-cleaning system further includes a blower, the housing of which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective housing, and the air output end of the blower is oriented towards the image acquisition area on the protective housing.

[0015] Preferably, the self-cleaning system also includes a water spray nozzle, which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective housing via a mounting bracket, and the spraying end of the water spray nozzle is positioned facing the image acquisition area on the protective housing.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this application compared to the prior art are:

[0017] 1. This application provides a train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface. By changing the structure of the protective shell in the train fault linear array photographing device and optimizing its front end to be set at an angle, and by using a reflector to change the light output direction of the camera and laser, the camera and supplementary light can be placed parallel to the rail surface, reducing the overall installation height of the train fault linear array photographing device so that it does not exceed the height of the sleeper and will not affect the tamping operation.

[0018] 2. This application provides a train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed on a parallel rail surface, which carries a cleaning structure that can clean the tilted image acquisition area. Unlike the cleaning structure in traditional train fault linear array photographing devices, the wiper in this application is equipped with a spring, and under the action of the spring tension, the wiper head slides tightly in contact with the upper surface of the light-transmitting glass, ensuring the stability of cleaning the tilted image acquisition area.

[0019] 3. The parallel rail surface placement train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function provided in this application further includes a laser generator temperature control unit to ensure the working stability of the laser generator. The laser generator temperature control unit adaptively heats or cools the laser generator based on the temperature information fed back by the temperature sensor built into the laser generator. The advantage of this design is that in cold winter environments, heating the laser generator through the heating element can quickly bring the laser generator to the working temperature, reducing the start-up time of the laser generator. In hot summer environments, cooling the laser generator through the cooling element can keep the laser generator within the working temperature, which is conducive to improving the stability of the laser generator's operation and its service life.

[0020] 4. The parallel rail surface placed train fault line array photographing device with self-cleaning function provided in this application integrates the control and data processing unit inside the protective housing, which effectively reduces the external cable layout, reduces the number of fault points, and is not easily affected by the external environment during operation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the train fault linear array photographic device described in this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a side view of the interior of the train fault linear array photographic device described in this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a top view of the internal structure of the train fault linear array photographic device described in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a side view of the train fault linear array photographic device described in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the train fault linear array photographic device described in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the wiper section in the train fault linear array photographic device described in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the train fault linear array photographic device described in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a front view schematic diagram of the train fault linear array photographic device described in this utility model;

[0029] The components in the diagram are labeled as follows: 1. Line scan imaging system; 11. Camera; 12. Laser generator; 13. Fill light; 14. Reflector; 15. Laser generator temperature control unit; 151. Heating element; 152. Cooling element; 153. Cooling fan; 154. Heat sink fins; 155. Heat sink mounting housing; 156. Laser generator mounting bracket; 2. Protective housing; 21. Lower housing; 22. Upper housing; 23. Transparent glass plate; 3. Self-cleaning system; 31. Wiper blade; 311. Brush head; 312. Wiper arm; 313. Rotating shaft; 314. Spring; 32. Blower fan; 33. Wiper control assembly; 34. Wiper motor; 35. Water spray nozzle; 36. Mounting housing; and 4. Control and data processing unit. Detailed Implementation

[0030] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1 to 8This embodiment describes a train fault line array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface. The photographing device includes a protective housing 2. Inside the protective housing 2, a line scanning imaging system 1 and a control and data processing unit 4 are installed. The control and data processing unit 4 is used to control the line scanning imaging system 1 to perform image acquisition and to send the acquired images to the terminal after preliminary processing. A self-cleaning system 3 is installed on the top of the protective housing 2. The self-cleaning system 3 is used to clean the image acquisition area at the front end of the protective housing 2.

[0031] The line scan imaging system 1 includes a camera 11, with a supplementary light 13 on one side of the camera 11. The camera 11 and the supplementary light 13 are fixed to the bottom of the protective housing 2 by a mounting bracket. A reflector 14 is provided in front of the shooting end of the camera 11. The reflector 14 is fixed to the bottom of the protective housing 2 by a mounting bracket, and the reflector 14 is set to correspond to the image acquisition area on the protective housing 2. A laser generator 12 is provided above the supplementary light 13. The laser generator 12 is installed on the top of the protective housing 2 through a laser generator temperature control unit 15 and is connected to the supplementary light 13 through an optical fiber. The laser generator 12 generates laser light to supplement the camera 11. The supplementary light 13 is used to change the shape of the laser so that the laser covers the photographed vehicle body. The reflector 14 is used to change the light output direction of the camera 11 and the laser so that the camera 11 and the supplementary light 13 can be placed parallel to the track surface.

[0032] The laser generator temperature control unit 15 includes a heating element 151, a cooling element 152, and a heat dissipation mounting shell 155. The heat dissipation mounting shell 155 is installed on the outer top of the protective shell 2 and communicates with the inside of the protective shell 2. A laser generator mounting bracket 156 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the heat dissipation mounting shell 155. The laser generator 12 is installed in the laser generator mounting bracket 156. The heating element 151 is fixed to the bottom of the laser generator 12, and the cooling element 152 is fixed to the top of the laser generator 12. A heat dissipation fin 154 is installed between the cooling element 152 and the inner top of the heat dissipation mounting shell 155.

[0033] A cooling fan 153 is provided on one side of the heat dissipation fin 154. The cooling fan 153 is fixed to the inner top of the heat dissipation mounting shell 155, and the air output end of the cooling fan 153 is set towards the heat dissipation fin 154.

[0034] In this embodiment, the heating element 151 is a PI electrothermal film, which is adhered to the bottom of the laser generator 12 housing. It is thin and does not occupy internal space in the camera housing. The cooling element 152 is a semiconductor cooling element with a thin sheet structure, installed on the top of the laser generator 12 housing and coated with thermal grease. Both the heating element 151 and the cooling element 152 are connected to an external power supply via wires. One side of the cooling element 152 is the cooling side, and the other side is the heat dissipation side. The cooling side is installed close to the laser generator 12, and the heat dissipation side faces the heat dissipation mounting shell 155. When the cooling element is working, it can transfer the heat generated by the laser generator 12 to the heat dissipation fins 154 through heat conduction, and then dissipate the heat to the external environment through the heat dissipation fins 154 via natural heat dissipation. When the laser generator 12 generates excessive heat during prolonged operation, and the natural heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins 154 cannot control the temperature, the cooling fan 153 can be activated to dissipate heat to the heat dissipation fins 154. The fins 154 blow air to perform forced convection cooling in an air-cooling manner, ensuring that the temperature of the laser generator 12 is within a suitable range. The temperature control system operates automatically and can heat or cool according to the real-time temperature feedback from the temperature sensor inside the laser generator 12, keeping the temperature of the laser generator 12 within the required specific range, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the laser generator 12. The control and data processing unit 4 uses the GD32 camera control board produced by GigaDevice. The signal output terminal of the control and data processing unit 4 is connected to the signal input terminal of the camera 11 and the signal input terminal of the laser generator 12 through wires, so as to transmit working instructions to the camera 11 and the laser generator 12. The image signal output terminal of the camera 11 is connected to the image information output terminal of the control and data processing unit 4 through wires. The control and data processing unit 4 can receive the images acquired by the camera 11 and transmit the images to the terminal for further processing.

[0035] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment further defines the protective housing 2 described in Specific Embodiment 1. The protective housing 2 includes a lower housing 21, in which the camera 11, fill light 13, and reflector 14 are all installed. An upper housing 22 is detachably connected to the top of the lower housing 21. The front end of the upper housing 22 is inclined, and an image acquisition window is machined at the front end of the upper housing 22. A light-transmitting glass plate 23 is embedded in the image acquisition window. The laser generator 12 is installed on the top of the upper housing 22 via a laser generator temperature control unit 15. The tilt angle of the front end of the upper housing 22 is 45~60°. Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0036] In this embodiment, the lower housing 21 and the upper housing 22 are connected by bolts. The front end of the upper housing 22 is inclined and has an image acquisition window. The light-transmitting glass plate 23 is installed at the image acquisition window to prevent light from returning along the original path after refraction and affecting the camera 11 to take pictures. At the same time, the surface of the light-transmitting glass plate 23 is coated with an anti-reflection film, which can further reduce the interference of light refraction.

[0037] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment further defines the self-cleaning system 3 described in Specific Embodiment 1. The self-cleaning system 3 includes a mounting housing 36 and a wiper 31. The mounting housing 36 is fixed to the top of the protective housing 2. A wiper motor 34 is installed inside the mounting housing 36. A wiper control component 33 is integrated on the wiper motor 34. The wiper 31 is disposed outside the mounting housing 36. The drive end of the wiper 31 extends into the mounting housing 36 and is connected to the power output shaft of the wiper motor 34. The working end of the wiper 31 is correspondingly disposed with the light-transmitting glass plate 23. The wiper motor 34 serves as a power source to drive the wiper 31 to perform a cleaning action on the light-transmitting glass plate 23.

[0038] The wiper 31 includes a rotating shaft 313. One end of the rotating shaft 313 extends into the mounting housing 36 and is connected to the power output shaft of the wiper motor 34. The other end of the rotating shaft 313 is disposed in the mounting housing 36 and hinged to one end of the wiper arm 312. A brush head 311 corresponding to the light-transmitting glass 23 is hinged to the other end of the wiper arm 312. A spring 314 is provided between the wiper arm 312 and the rotating shaft 313. The tension of the spring 314 causes the wiper head 311 to slide in close contact with the upper surface of the light-transmitting glass 23. Other components and connection methods are the same as in Specific Embodiment 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, the self-cleaning system 3 is designed with full consideration of the bulky structure of traditional camera box wipers. Installing them inside the camera box requires a significant amount of space, sometimes even necessitating an external separate box for the wiper module, resulting in a cumbersome camera box structure and increased installation and maintenance workload. Furthermore, the wiper rotation shafts in camera boxes are designed with a vertical top cover, limiting cleaning to the horizontal surface of the glass. The wiper swing angle is also fixed and cannot be adjusted, making it less adaptable. In this embodiment, the wiper arm 312 is a curved design, with its two ends hinged to the rotation shaft 313 and the wiper head 311 respectively via hinge shafts. Driven by the wiper motor 34 and controlled by the wiper control component 33, the wiper head 311 can swing back and forth to clean the upper surface of the light-transmitting glass 23. The wiper motor 34... The wiper control assembly 33 uses a small, compact stepper motor, resulting in a compact structure and minimal space requirements. The wiper control board 33 is a GD32 motor control board manufactured by GigaDevice Semiconductor. This board includes a circuit board and microswitches. When the wiper arm swings, it touches a microswitch to change direction; touching another microswitch triggers the change again, repeating this process as the wiper arm swings back and forth on the surface of the translucent glass 23. By adjusting the relative position of the wiper arm and the microswitches, the wiper can swing at any angle, adapting to different sizes of translucent glass. The self-cleaning system 3 provided in this application, through its curved wiper arm, multiple pins, and tension spring combination design, allows for a large vertical clearance in the wiper arm, ensuring the wiper head does not detach from the translucent glass. This allows the wiper to clean horizontal or tilted translucent glass surfaces, broadening its adaptability.

[0040] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment further defines the self-cleaning system 3 described in Embodiment 3. The self-cleaning system 3 also includes a blower 32, the housing of which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective housing 2, and the air output end of the blower 32 is positioned facing the image acquisition area on the protective housing 2. Other components and connections are the same as in Embodiment 3.

[0041] In this embodiment, the purpose of the blowing fan 32 is to blow air onto the light-transmitting glass sheet 23, which can prevent dust from falling onto the light-transmitting glass sheet 23 and ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the light-transmitting glass sheet 23.

[0042] Specific Implementation Method Five: Combining Figures 1 to 8 This embodiment further defines the self-cleaning system 3 described in Embodiment 3. The self-cleaning system 3 also includes a water spray nozzle 35, which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective housing 2 via a mounting bracket, with the spray end of the nozzle 35 facing the image acquisition area on the protective housing 2. Other components and connection methods are the same as in Embodiment 3.

[0043] In this embodiment, the spray nozzle 35 needs to be connected to an external water tank and use a small water pump as a power source to spray water during operation. The spray nozzle 35 can evenly spray the cleaning agent onto the light-transmitting glass sheet 23 to cooperate with the wiper head 311 to clean the light-transmitting glass sheet 23 and ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the light-transmitting glass sheet 23.

[0044] The present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed structure and technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0045] Working principle

[0046] The train fault linear array photographing device described in this application is installed parallel to the track. The main imaging components, such as the internal camera 11 and laser generator 12, are all horizontally placed, which helps to reduce the vertical space occupied during installation. A reflector 14 is set in front of the camera 11 and the supplementary light 13 inside the photographing device. After the horizontal light emitted by the camera 11 and the supplementary light 13 is refracted by the reflector 14, the light path becomes vertical and upward. While ensuring that the total light path travel remains unchanged, the installation space height is greatly reduced.

[0047] The train fault linear array photography device provided in this application integrates a laser generator 12 and a control and data processing unit 4 into the camera housing. The laser generated by the laser generator 12 is directly connected to the supplementary light 13 to provide supplementary lighting for the camera 11. This shortens the fiber optic cable length, reduces the attenuation of laser power and the influence of the external environment on the external fiber optic cable, and makes it less susceptible to interference. The control and data processing unit 4 can perform preliminary processing on the images captured by the camera 11 and send them to the terminal simultaneously. Meanwhile, a corresponding temperature control system is configured for the laser generator 12. The built-in temperature sensor monitors the operating temperature of the laser generator 12 in real time. When the operating temperature of the laser generator 12 is too high, the cooling chip 152 is activated. The cooling chip 152 conducts the heat generated by the laser generator 12 to the heat sink fins 154, and then transfers it to the air through the heat sink fins 154. If the heat is too high, the heat sink fins 154 alone cannot achieve the purpose of timely heat dissipation. The cooling fan 153 can be activated to forcibly remove the heat from the heat sink fins 154. When the ambient temperature is too low, causing the laser generator 12 to be too cold and unable to reach the operating temperature quickly, the heating chip 151 can be activated to supplement the heat of the laser generator 12, shorten the preheating time of the laser generator 12, and improve the working efficiency of the laser generator 12. All the above heating and cooling operations are automatically controlled by the temperature sensor built into the laser generator 12 to ensure that the laser is in the optimal operating temperature range.

[0048] When the linear array camera encounters severe weather such as rain, snow, or dust during operation, the self-cleaning system 3 can be activated to clean the transparent glass plate 23. The blower 32 blows the top of the transparent glass plate 23 to prevent dust and rain from falling onto the transparent glass plate 23 and affecting the photography. If the surface of the transparent glass plate 23 is accidentally contaminated by dust or other contaminants after the linear array camera has been operating for a long time due to a train malfunction, the water spray nozzle 35 can be activated to spray cleaning agent onto the transparent glass, and then the wiper system can be activated to clean the transparent glass. After cleaning is completed, the blower 32 can be activated to blow away any remaining cleaning agent from the surface of the transparent glass.

[0049] The specific working process of the train fault linear array photographic device provided in this application in actual operation is as follows:

[0050] After the train fault linear array photography device provided in this application is powered on, the laser generator temperature control system 15 starts to work. It heats or cools the laser generator 12 according to the temperature feedback from the built-in temperature sensor, so that the laser generator 12 is kept within a certain operating temperature range and the laser generator 12 is kept working stably. When the camera 11 starts to capture the image, the laser generator 12 generates a laser to provide supplementary lighting for the object being photographed. After image acquisition, the control and data processing unit 4 processes the captured images and finally sends them to the terminal. After long-term operation, the self-cleaning system 3 can be used to clean the surface of the light-transmitting glass plate 23. After cleaning, the blower 32 is started to remove residual water marks on the surface of the light-transmitting glass plate 23. In case of rain, the blower 32 can be started separately to prevent raindrops from falling onto the surface of the light-transmitting glass plate 23. When there is a lot of wind and sand, the blower 32 can also be started to blow away the wind and sand on the surface of the light-transmitting glass plate 23 to avoid excessive sand accumulation on the light-transmitting glass plate 23, which would cause the subsequent spray nozzle 35 to spray a mixture of adhering mud and sand, affecting the operation of the wiper head 311.

Claims

1. A linear array photographic device for photographing train malfunctions with a self-cleaning function, placed parallel to the rail surface, characterized in that: The camera includes a protective housing (2), inside which a line scanning imaging system (1) and a control and data processing unit (4) are installed. The control and data processing unit (4) is used to control the line scanning imaging system (1) to acquire images and to send the acquired images to the terminal after preliminary processing. A self-cleaning system (3) is installed on the top of the protective housing (2). The self-cleaning system (3) is used to clean the image acquisition area at the front end of the protective housing (2). The self-cleaning system (3) includes a mounting housing (36) and a wiper (31). The mounting housing (36) is fixed to the top of the protective housing (2). A wiper motor (34) is installed inside the mounting housing (36). A wiper control component (33) is integrated on the wiper motor (34). The wiper (31) is located outside the mounting housing (36). The drive end of the wiper (31) extends into the mounting housing (36) and is connected to the power output shaft of the wiper motor (34). The working end of the wiper (31) is correspondingly set with the light-transmitting glass plate (23). The wiper motor (34) serves as a power source to drive the wiper (31) to clean the image acquisition area at the front end of the protective housing (2).

2. The train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: The line scan imaging system (1) includes a camera (11), with a supplementary light (13) on one side of the camera (11). The camera (11) and the supplementary light (13) are fixed to the bottom of the protective housing (2) by a mounting bracket. A reflector (14) is provided in front of the shooting end of the camera (11). The reflector (14) is fixed to the bottom of the protective housing (2) by a mounting bracket, and the reflector (14) is set to correspond to the image acquisition area on the protective housing (2). A laser is provided above the supplementary light (13). The laser generator (12) is installed on the top of the protective housing (2) through the laser generator temperature control unit (15) and connected to the fill light (13) through the optical fiber. The laser generator (12) generates laser light to fill the camera (11). The fill light (13) is used to change the shape of the laser so that the laser covers the photographing vehicle body. The reflector (14) is used to change the light output direction of the camera (11) and the laser so that the camera (11) and the fill light (13) can be placed parallel to the track surface.

3. A train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser generator temperature control unit (15) includes a heating element (151), a cooling element (152), and a heat dissipation mounting shell (155). The heat dissipation mounting shell (155) is installed on the outer top of the protective shell (2) and communicates with the inside of the protective shell (2). A laser generator mounting bracket (156) is fixedly connected to the lower part of the heat dissipation mounting shell (155). The laser generator (12) is installed in the laser generator mounting bracket (156). The heating element (151) is fixed at the bottom of the laser generator (12). The cooling element (152) is fixed at the top of the laser generator (12). Heat dissipation fins (154) are installed between the cooling element (152) and the inner top of the heat dissipation mounting shell (155).

4. A train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cooling fan (153) is provided on one side of the heat dissipation fins (154). The cooling fan (153) is fixed to the inner top of the heat dissipation mounting shell (155), and the air output end of the cooling fan (153) is set towards the heat dissipation fins (154).

5. A train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface, as described in claim 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that: The protective housing (2) includes a lower housing (21), a camera (11), a fill light (13) and a reflector (14) are installed in the lower housing (21), and an upper housing (22) is detachably connected to the top of the lower housing (21). The front end of the upper housing (22) is inclined, and an image acquisition window is processed on the front end of the upper housing (22). A light-transmitting glass plate (23) is embedded in the image acquisition window. The laser generator (12) is installed on the top of the upper housing (22) through the laser generator temperature control unit (15).

6. A train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tilt angle of the front end of the upper shell (22) is 45~60°.

7. A train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wiper (31) includes a rotating shaft (313), one end of which extends into the mounting housing (36) and is connected to the power output shaft of the wiper motor (34). The other end of the rotating shaft (313) is located in the mounting housing (36) and is hinged to one end of the wiper arm (312). A brush head (311) corresponding to the light-transmitting glass plate (23) is hinged to the other end of the wiper arm (312). A spring (314) is provided between the wiper arm (312) and the rotating shaft (313). The spring (314) tensions the wiper head (311) to make it slide in close contact with the upper surface of the light-transmitting glass plate (23).

8. A train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface according to claim 1, 6 or 7, characterized in that: The self-cleaning system (3) also includes a blower (32), the housing of which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective housing (2), and the wind output end of the blower (32) is set towards the image acquisition area on the protective housing (2).

9. A train fault linear array photographing device with self-cleaning function placed parallel to the rail surface according to claim 8, characterized in that: The self-cleaning system (3) also includes a water nozzle (35), which is fixedly connected to one side of the protective housing (2) by a mounting bracket, and the spray end of the water nozzle (35) is set towards the image acquisition area on the protective housing (2).

Images