Crane with adjustable and telescopic suspension arm

Abstract

The utility model provides a crane with an adjustable and telescopic suspension arm. The crane comprises a crane main body and the suspension arm, the lifting arm comprises a large arm, a small arm and a lifting hook; a hydraulic cylinder is arranged in the large arm and used for controlling the small arm to stretch out and draw back. The cross sections of the large arm and the small arm are of octagonal geometric structures; the small arm is slidably connected to the interior of the large arm; a guide rail module used for promoting the small arm to move linearly is installed on the outer side wall of the large arm through a bolt. A gravity compensation mechanism is mounted at the top of the large arm; a locking assembly used for locking the position of the small arm is installed at the bottom of the large arm. Compared with a traditional suspension arm with a quadrilateral or circular section, the octagonal suspension arm has the advantages that the cross-sectional inertia moment is obviously improved under the condition that the material consumption is not increased through the alternate distribution design of the four plane side walls and the four inclined planes, so that the torsional rigidity of the suspension arm is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cranes, and more particularly to a crane with an adjustable and telescopic boom. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of industrial technology, cranes are playing an increasingly important role in engineering construction, logistics and transportation and other fields. The crane boom, as a key component, is responsible for lifting and moving heavy objects. Traditional crane booms mostly adopt quadrilateral or circular cross-section structures. This design meets the usage requirements to a certain extent, but with the increase in engineering complexity and changes in the usage environment, traditional booms have gradually revealed some limitations.

[0003] When bearing the same load, a boom with a quadrilateral or circular cross-section requires more material to achieve the required strength and rigidity. This not only increases manufacturing costs but also increases the overall weight of the crane. Traditional booms are prone to stress concentration when dealing with eccentric loads or torsional forces, leading to structural deformation or even damage, which affects service life and safety. Moreover, due to the complex structure and harsh working environment of the boom, maintenance and replacement become very complicated and time-consuming once a failure or wear occurs. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the problems of insufficient torsional resistance of crane boom and easy wear and displacement of telescopic adjustment in the existing technology, this utility model provides a crane with adjustable telescopic boom;

[0005] The crane with an adjustable and telescopic boom provided by this utility model adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A crane with an adjustable telescopic boom includes a crane body and a boom; the boom includes a jib, a forearm, and a hook; a hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the jib to control the extension and retraction of the forearm; both the jib and forearm have octagonal cross-sectional shapes; the forearm is slidably connected inside the jib; a guide rail module for promoting linear movement of the forearm is bolted to the outer wall of the jib; a gravity compensation mechanism is installed at the top of the jib; and a locking component for locking the position of the forearm is installed at the bottom of the jib.

[0007] Furthermore, the guide rail module includes an outer trim panel, a rotating bracket, and guide wheels; the two vertical opposite sidewalls of the forearm are respectively provided with guide rail grooves, and each sidewall has at least two guide rail grooves; the two sidewalls of the upper arm with the same guide rail grooves are respectively bolted with outer trim panels; the outer trim panels are fitted to the octagonal outer sidewall of the upper arm; the sidewall of the upper arm corresponding to the guide rail groove is provided with a slot; several rotating brackets are welded to the inner sidewall of the outer trim panel; guide wheels are rotatably connected inside the rotating brackets; the guide wheels can be embedded in the guide rail grooves to allow the forearm to slide relative to each other; the guide wheels and the guide rail grooves are in a transition fit;

[0008] Furthermore, the four inclined surfaces of the octagonal outer sidewall of the forearm are respectively provided with ball grooves; the four inclined surfaces of the octagonal inner sidewall of the upper arm are respectively provided with balls corresponding to the ball grooves, and the balls are tightly fitted in the ball grooves and roll relative to each other.

[0009] Furthermore, the gravity compensation mechanism includes a winch, a rope, and a pulley. The winch is bolted to the top of the boom. One end of the rope is fixed to the output end of the winch. A pulley is also bolted to the top of the boom. The other end of the rope is wound around the pulley and fixed to the top of the front end of the forearm.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom of the forearm is bolted with positioning teeth; the bottom of the upper arm has a through groove for the positioning teeth to pass through; the locking assembly includes a suspension bracket, a positioning bracket, a cylinder, and a locking block; the bottom of the upper arm is welded with a suspension bracket; the bottom of the suspension bracket is bolted with a positioning bracket; the top of the positioning bracket is bolted with a cylinder; the cylinder is wirelessly connected to an external control terminal; the output end of the cylinder is bolted with a locking block for engaging the positioning teeth; the structure of the locking block allows it to be simultaneously engaged and fixed by fitting into the gaps between three positioning teeth.

[0011] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] Compared to traditional quadrilateral or circular cross-section booms, the octagonal structure of this invention significantly improves the moment of inertia of the cross-section without increasing the amount of material used, thereby enhancing the torsional stiffness of the boom, through the alternating distribution of four planar sidewalls and four inclined planes. The four planar sidewalls of the octagonal structure provide rigid support surfaces for the hydraulic cylinder installation and guide rail module, while the four 45° inclined planes optimize stress distribution through geometric symmetry.

[0013] This invention, through the introduction of a transitional fit design between the guide wheel and the guide rail groove, can not only effectively control the lateral offset during the extension and retraction of the boom, but also significantly reduce the coefficient of sliding friction; it ensures that the boom is always in a linear motion state throughout the entire stroke, further improving the stability and accuracy of the boom; the use of the inclined ball bearing system greatly reduces the resistance of the boom extension and retraction, and significantly extends the service life of the guide rail. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the guide rail module of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a plan view of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the locking component of this utility model.

[0019] As shown in the figure: 1-upper arm, 2-lower arm, 3-hook, 4-guide rail groove, 41-ball bearing groove, 5-outer trim panel, 51-rotating bracket, 52-guide wheel, 6-hoisting device, 61-pull rope, 62-pulley, 7-positioning tooth, 8-suspension bracket, 81-positioning bracket, 82-cylinder, 83-locking block. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The present invention will be further described in detail below:

[0021] This utility model discloses a crane with an adjustable and telescopic boom, such as... Figure 1As shown, a crane with an adjustable telescopic boom includes a crane body and a boom. The boom includes a jib 1, a forearm 2, and a hook 3. A hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the jib 1 to control the telescopic movement of the forearm 2. Both the jib 1 and the forearm 2 have octagonal cross-sectional shapes. The forearm 2 is slidably connected inside the jib 1. A guide rail module for promoting the linear movement of the forearm 2 is bolted to the outer wall of the jib 1. A gravity compensation mechanism is installed at the top of the jib 1. A locking component for locking the position of the forearm 2 is installed at the bottom of the jib 1. In this embodiment, compared with traditional quadrilateral or circular cross-section booms, the octagonal structure, through the alternating distribution of four planar sidewalls and four inclined planes, increases the moment of inertia and torsional stiffness with the same material usage. The four planar sidewalls provide rigid support surfaces for the hydraulic cylinder installation and the guide rail module, while the four 45° inclined planes optimize stress distribution through geometric symmetry. When lifting eccentric loads, the inclined plane structure can decompose bending stress into axial components, reducing local stress concentration.

[0022] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the guide rail module includes an outer trim panel 5, a rotating bracket 51, and guide wheels 52; the two vertical opposite sidewalls of the forearm 2 are respectively provided with guide rail grooves 4, and each sidewall has at least two guide rail grooves 4; the two sidewalls of the upper arm 1 with the same guide rail grooves 4 are respectively bolted to the outer trim panel 5; the outer trim panel 5 fits into the octagonal outer sidewall of the upper arm 1; the sidewall of the upper arm 1 corresponding to the guide rail groove 4 is provided with a groove; several rotating brackets 51 are welded to the inner sidewall of the outer trim panel 5; the guide wheels 52 are rotatably connected inside the rotating brackets 51; the guide wheels 52 can be embedded in the guide rail grooves 4 to allow the forearm 2 to slide relative to each other. The guide wheel 52 and the guide rail groove 4 are in a transition fit. In this embodiment, the transition fit design between the guide wheel 52 and the guide rail groove 4 can effectively control the lateral offset during the extension and retraction of the forearm 2, while reducing the coefficient of sliding friction. The guide wheel 52 adopts a polyurethane edge-wrapped structure, and its elastic modulus forms a damping effect with the steel material of the guide rail groove 4. When the forearm 2 is subjected to lateral force, the elastic deformation of the guide wheel 52 can absorb the impact energy and avoid jamming caused by rigid contact. The layout of the rotating bracket 51 ensures that the forearm 2 is always in a linear motion state throughout the entire stroke through the three-point support principle.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, the four inclined surfaces of the octagonal outer sidewall of the forearm 2 are respectively provided with ball grooves 41; the four inclined surfaces of the octagonal inner sidewall of the upper arm 1 are respectively provided with balls corresponding to the ball grooves 41, and the balls are tightly fitted in the ball grooves 41 and roll relative to each other; in this embodiment, the inclined ball system reduces the extension resistance of the forearm 2 and significantly extends the life of the guide rail; the balls are arranged in a double row staggered arrangement in the ball grooves 41, and this layout decomposes the axial load into two inclined components, which cancel out the lateral vibration through vector superposition;

[0024] like Figure 1 , 4As shown, the gravity compensation mechanism includes a winch 6, a pull rope 61, and a pulley 62. The winch 6 is bolted to the top of the boom 1. One end of the pull rope 61 is fixed to the output end of the winch 6. The pulley 62 is also bolted to the top of the boom 1. The other end of the pull rope 61 is wound around the pulley 62 and fixed to the top of the front end of the forearm 2. In this embodiment, the linkage control between the winch 6 and the hydraulic cylinder reduces the power consumption of the hydraulic system. The energy-saving effect is particularly significant during long-distance extension and retraction. The tension of the pull rope 61 is adjusted in real time by the torque closed-loop control of the servo motor. When the forearm 2 extends, the system avoids the over-compensation or under-compensation problems caused by traditional fixed counterweights based on feedback from the displacement sensor.

[0025] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown, the bottom of the forearm 2 is bolted with a positioning tooth 7; the bottom of the upper arm 1 has a through groove for the positioning tooth 7 to pass through; the locking assembly includes a suspension bracket 8, a positioning bracket 81, a cylinder 82, and a locking block 83; the bottom of the upper arm 1 is welded with a suspension bracket 8; the bottom of the suspension bracket 8 is bolted with a positioning bracket 81; the top of the positioning bracket 81 is bolted with a cylinder 82; the cylinder 82 is wirelessly connected to an external control terminal; the output end of the cylinder 82 is bolted with a locking block 83 for engaging the positioning tooth 7; the structure of the locking block 83 allows it to be simultaneously embedded in the gap between three positioning teeth 7 for engagement and fixation; in this embodiment, the design of the locking block 83 simultaneously embedding in the gap between three positioning teeth 7 makes the shear strength many times that of single-tooth locking; the inclined angle of the wedge-shaped locking block 83 and the trapezoidal tooth profile of the positioning tooth 7 form a self-locking angle difference; when subjected to external force, the angle difference will generate a mechanical self-tightening effect, causing the normal pressure on the contact surface to increase linearly with the increase of load; the double-acting design of the cylinder 82 can also achieve rapid unlocking through reverse ventilation.

[0026] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. The various components mentioned in this utility model are common technologies in the existing field. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A crane with an adjustable telescopic boom, comprising a crane body and a boom; the boom comprising a boom (1), a forearm (2) and a hook (3); the boom (1) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder for controlling the telescopic extension and retraction of the forearm (2); characterized in that; The cross-sectional shape of the upper arm (1) and the lower arm (2) is an octagonal geometric structure; the lower arm (2) is slidably connected inside the upper arm (1); the outer wall of the upper arm (1) is bolted with a guide rail module for causing the lower arm (2) to move linearly; the guide rail module includes an outer trim panel (5), a rotating bracket (51), and a guide wheel (52); a gravity compensation mechanism is installed on the top of the upper arm (1); the gravity compensation mechanism includes a winch device (6), a pull rope (61), and a pulley (62); a locking component for locking the position of the lower arm (2) is installed on the bottom of the upper arm (1).

2. A crane with an adjustable telescopic boom according to claim 1, characterized in that... The forearm (2) has two vertical opposite sidewalls respectively provided with guide rail grooves (4), and each sidewall has at least two guide rail grooves (4); the two sidewalls of the upper arm (1) with the same guide rail grooves (4) are respectively bolted with outer trim panels (5); the outer trim panels (5) are fitted with the octagonal outer sidewall of the upper arm (1); the sidewall of the upper arm (1) corresponding to the guide rail groove (4) is provided with a groove; the inner sidewall of the outer trim panel (5) is welded with several rotating brackets (51); the rotating brackets (51) are rotatably connected to guide wheels (52); the guide wheels (52) can be embedded in the guide rail grooves (4) to make the forearm (2) slide relative to each other; the guide wheels (52) and the guide rail grooves (4) are in transition fit.

3. A crane with an adjustable telescopic boom according to claim 1, characterized in that... The forearm (2) has four inclined surfaces on the octagonal outer sidewall, each with a ball groove (41); the upper arm (1) has four inclined surfaces on the octagonal inner sidewall, each with a ball corresponding to the ball groove (41), and the balls are tightly fitted in the ball groove (41) and roll relative to each other.

4. A crane with an adjustable and telescopic boom according to claim 1, characterized in that... The gravity compensation mechanism includes a winch (6), a pull rope (61), and a pulley (62). The winch (6) is bolted to the top of the boom (1). One end of the pull rope (61) is fixed to the output end of the winch (6). The pulley (62) is also bolted to the top of the boom (1). The other end of the pull rope (61) is wound around the pulley (62) and fixed to the top of the front end of the forearm (2).

5. A crane with an adjustable and telescopic boom according to claim 1, characterized in that... The bottom of the forearm (2) is bolted with a positioning tooth (7); the bottom of the upper arm (1) is provided with a through groove for the positioning tooth (7) to pass through.

6. A crane with an adjustable telescopic boom according to claim 5, characterized in that... The locking assembly includes a suspension bracket (8), a positioning bracket (81), a cylinder (82), and a locking block (83); the bottom of the boom (1) is welded with a suspension bracket (8); the bottom of the suspension bracket (8) is bolted with a positioning bracket (81); the top of the positioning bracket (81) is bolted with a cylinder (82); the cylinder (82) is wirelessly connected to an external control terminal; the output end of the cylinder (82) is bolted with a locking block (83) for engaging the positioning teeth (7).

7. A crane with an adjustable telescopic boom according to claim 6, characterized in that... The structure of the locking block (83) allows it to be simultaneously engaged and fixed by fitting into the gap between the three positioning teeth (7).

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