Tailing leakage prevention device for drainage well seat of tailing pond

Abstract

The utility model discloses a tailing leakage prevention device for a drainage well seat of a tailing pond, relates to the field of safe operation and environmental protection of the tailing pond, and aims to solve the problem that the secondary leakage risk coefficient of the tailing pond is increased due to the fact that an existing tailing sealing component is prone to structural fracture or brittle fracture under the action of a critical load. Tailing slurry is prevented from being discharged and invaded into a riverway system through a drainage well-drainage tunnel through a dynamic sealing assembly, a drainage well seat is arranged in the well seat, the drainage well seat is orthogonally communicated with a drainage tunnel portal, a derrick is arranged above the drainage well seat, the derrick is fixedly connected with the well seat, and the well seat is fixedly connected with the drainage well. The dynamic sealing device has the advantages that tailing slurry is prevented from invading a riverway system through the dynamic sealing assembly, the impact load borne by the sealing plate when the tailing pond collapses is reduced, and the sealing effect of the sealing plate on the drainage tunnel portal is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tailings dam safety operation and environmental protection technology, and in particular to a tailings dam drainage well base anti-tailings leakage device. Background Technology

[0002] Tailings dams, as key facilities for storing tailings in metal and non-metal mines, are inherently man-made hazards with high potential energy. During long-term operation, the height of the tailings accumulation continuously increases, forming a potential debris flow hazard. Statistics show that multiple tailings dam leakage accidents occur annually, primarily due to the following technical defects:

[0003] 1. Defects in the construction quality of traditional drainage well frames and insufficient strength of arch plate materials make them prone to structural collapse during service.

[0004] 2. After the drainage well base is taken out of service, the sealing process has problems such as poor sealing and poor material durability, which creates leakage channels;

[0005] 3. The leakage accident caused tailings slurry to enter the river system, causing a series of environmental disasters—initially causing water pollution, in the middle stage causing river siltation and regional flooding, and in extreme cases, it will evolve into a large-scale debris flow, posing a devastating threat to downstream residential areas.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, various improvement solutions have been proposed in the prior art. For example, Chinese patent application CN202421222599.9 discloses a tailings dam drainage well seat anti-tailings leakage device, the technical solution of which includes: "A tailings dam drainage well seat anti-tailings leakage device, comprising a well seat, with multiple equally angled well frames fixedly connected to the side edge of the well seat, a groove provided inside the well seat, a support shaft fixedly connected to the groove, sealing covers hinged to both sides of the support shaft, a first traction rope provided on the upper side of the sealing cover, the two ends of the first traction rope respectively installed on the outer sides of the two sealing covers, a second traction rope fixedly connected to the middle of the first traction rope, a brake connected to the upper end of the second traction rope, a crossbeam connected to the brake, and the crossbeam fixedly installed on the upper end of the well frame."

[0007] This device achieves dynamic sealing of the wellhead through a mechanical sealing cover, which can effectively prevent tailings leakage under normal operating conditions. However, engineering verification has revealed certain technical defects: when the drainage well support collapses, the arch plate breaks, or the tailings accumulation collapses and leaks, the load on the upper part of the sealing cover increases non-linearly, while the unsupported hollow structure formed by the lower part of the cover and the bottom of the well leads to a significant stress concentration effect. The thickness and rigidity of the sealing cover need to be increased according to different well diameters to offset the load, which will increase production costs, installation costs, and operating costs, and is not conducive to energy conservation and consumption reduction. Utility Model Content

[0008] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, this utility model provides a tailings dam drainage well seat anti-tailings leakage device. This design can effectively solve the problem that the tailings sealing components of the prior art are prone to structural fracture or brittle failure under critical load, which increases the risk factor of secondary leakage of the tailings dam.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention includes a well base, a drainage well base is provided inside the well base, a drainage tunnel opening is orthogonally connected to the drainage well base, a well frame is provided above the drainage well base, the well frame is fixedly connected to the well base, and a dynamic sealing component for controlling the opening and closing of the drainage tunnel opening is provided inside the drainage well base.

[0010] The dynamic sealing assembly includes a sealing plate, and the drainage well seat is provided with a linear guide groove for the sealing plate to slide. A brake actuator is provided on the side of the linear guide groove, and the brake actuator locks the sealing plate at a preset height higher than the inlet plane of the drainage tunnel.

[0011] Preferably, the dynamic sealing assembly further includes two sets of symmetrically distributed fixed rings, each set of fixed rings having a first traction rope fixedly connected to it. The other end of the first traction rope is fixedly connected to a collar, which is fitted inside the brake actuator. A fixed pulley is fitted in the middle of the first traction rope, and the fixed pulley is rotatably connected to the sealing plate.

[0012] Preferably, the brake actuator includes a limit rod, a first electric latch, and a second electric latch. The limit rod has through holes at both ends that cooperate with the first and second electric latches. The first and second electric latches are fixedly connected inside the well base. A support block is provided on the side of the limit rod. The support block is fixedly connected to the well base. The support block has a limit groove that cooperates with the first and second electric latches.

[0013] Preferably, the support block is located above the brake actuator.

[0014] Preferably, the drainage tunnel opening has an arc-shaped cross-section structure, the arc axis of the sealing plate is collinear with the axis of the drainage well seat, and a lifting assembly is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sealing plate.

[0015] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a balance rope, the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the sealing plate, and the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a second traction rope. The upper end of the second traction rope is connected to an electric winch, and the electric winch is fixedly connected to a crossbeam, which is fixedly connected to the derrick.

[0016] Preferably, the lower end of the balance rope is provided with three fixed ends, and the three fixed ends are evenly distributed on the upper end of the sealing plate.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the outstanding advantages of this utility model are:

[0018] In this invention, the dynamic sealing assembly provides longitudinal sealing at the entrance of a drainage tunnel. In the event of drainage scaffold collapse, arch damage, or tailings spillage, the longitudinal sealing plate does not bear the impact load of the vertical gravitational acceleration of the object, but only a small lateral pressure. This better ensures the stability of the sealing plate, eliminates the risk of secondary leakage due to sealing plate damage, and also helps save materials and energy. The dynamic actuator provides limit control for the sealing plate, allowing for timely and rapid release of the sealing plate in emergencies. This enables the sealing plate to respond quickly and prevents tailings slurry from entering the river system through the tunnel. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the derrick connection structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the fit between the sealing plate and the well base of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the well base structure of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing plate structure of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first traction rope connection structure of this utility model.

[0025] The diagram labels are as follows: 1. Well base; 2. Drainage well base; 3. Drainage tunnel entrance; 4. Well frame; 5. Sealing plate; 6. Linear guide groove; 7. Brake actuator; 701. Limiting rod; 702. First electric locking pin; 703. Second electric locking pin; 704. Through hole; 705. Support block; 706. Limiting groove; 8. Fixing ring; 9. First traction rope; 10. Collar; 11. Pulley; 12. Lifting assembly; 1201. Balance rope; 1202. Second traction rope; 1203. Electric winch; 1204. Crossbeam. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0027] Please see the appendix Figure 1-6 This embodiment of the tailings dam drainage well seat anti-tailings leakage device includes a well seat 1, a drainage well seat 2 inside the well seat 1, a drainage tunnel opening 3 orthogonally connected to the drainage well seat 2, a derrick 4 above the drainage well seat 2, the derrick 4 being fixedly connected to the well seat 1, and a dynamic sealing component for controlling the opening and closing of the drainage tunnel opening 3 inside the drainage well seat 2; the dynamic sealing component includes a sealing plate 5, and a linear guide groove 6 for sliding the sealing plate 5 inside the drainage well seat 2, with a brake actuator 7 on the side of the linear guide groove 6, the brake actuator 7 locking the sealing plate 5 at a preset height higher than the inlet plane of the drainage tunnel opening 3.

[0028] The well base 1 has an overall L-shaped structure. The vertical opening inside the well base 1 is the drainage well base 2, and the horizontal opening is the drainage tunnel entrance 3. The drainage well base 2 and the drainage tunnel entrance 3 are perpendicular to each other. The derrick 4 above the well base 1 is pre-cast reinforced concrete. The derrick 4 has perforated slots around its perimeter. As the tailings dam accumulates, arched plates are installed on the outer side of the derrick 4 to ensure that the highest point of the arched plates is always higher than the top of the tailings dam. The dynamic sealing component is placed vertically on the drainage well base 2 and seals the well opening of the drainage tunnel entrance 3. In the event of a sudden tailings dam collapse, the sealing plate 5 inside the dynamic sealing component falls vertically to seal the drainage tunnel entrance 3. Because the sealing plate 5 is placed vertically, it experiences only a small lateral force compared to the horizontally placed sealing cover. The sealing plate 5 experiences less force, thus preventing breakage and secondary leakage. The linear guide groove 6 is located on the side wall of the drainage well seat 2, and the front and rear sides of the sealing plate 5 are locked in the linear guide groove 6, which prevents the sealing plate 5 from tipping over to the right. At the same time, the linear guide groove 6 guides the vertical sliding of the sealing plate 5. When the brake actuator 7 releases the limit on the sealing plate 5, the sealing plate 5 instantly falls to the bottom along the linear guide groove 6, achieving the purpose of quickly sealing the drainage tunnel opening 3. The initial height of the sealing plate 5 is above the inlet of the drainage tunnel opening 3, so as not to affect the normal operation of the well seat 1 and the drainage tunnel opening 3. The sealing plate 5 is made of a material with strong impact resistance and good corrosion resistance, thus ensuring the stability of the sealing plate during use. In addition, the bottom of the linear guide chute is lower than the bottom surface of the drainage tunnel opening, which improves the sealing effect of the sealing plate on the drainage tunnel opening. Furthermore, the bottom of the linear guide chute is provided with a buffer layer, which is used to buffer the impact force of the sealing plate falling down, and avoid the problem of deformation of the sealing plate due to excessive impact.

[0029] The left side of the sealing plate 5 is an arc-shaped structure, and the right side of the sealing plate 5 is a horizontal surface. There are two sets of symmetrically distributed fixed rings 8 and fixed pulleys 11 on the right side of the sealing plate 5. The lifting fixed rings 8 are located on the upper side of the fixed pulleys 11. The first traction ropes 9 are connected to both fixed rings 8. The first traction rope 9 connected to the front fixed ring 8 passes around the fixed pulley 11 on the rear side and is connected to the dynamic actuator. The first traction rope 9 connected to the rear fixed ring 8 passes around the fixed pulley 11 on the front side and is connected to the dynamic actuator. The two first traction ropes 9 intersect in space at the middle. In order to avoid friction between them, a rope-separating groove is installed on the sealing plate 5 to separate the two first traction ropes 9 to the left and right.

[0030] The ends of the two first traction ropes 9 are connected to collars 10 and are connected to the limiting rods 701 of the dynamic actuator through the collars 10. The collars 10 can reduce the friction between the limiting rods 701, facilitating the subsequent disengagement of the limiting rods 701 from the sleeve. The two ends of the limiting rods 701 are fixed by first electric locking pins 702 and second electric locking pins 703. Both the first electric locking pins 702 and the second electric locking pins 703 are electrically controlled fixing pins. Both the first electric locking pins 702 and the second electric locking pins 703 can be... For remote control, the first electric locking pin 702 and the second electric locking pin 703 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. In this device, the dynamic control of the sealing plate 5 is achieved by inserting and removing the second electric locking pin 703 and the first electric locking pin 702 into the through holes 704 of the limiting rod 701. The collar 10 is located on the limiting rod 701 between the two through holes 704. The first electric locking pin 702 and the second electric locking pin 703 are respectively inserted into the two through holes 704 of the limiting rod 701, and the two locks control the limiting rod 701. Supports are provided at both ends to keep the limiting rod 701 in a horizontal position. The limiting rod 701 provides a fixed-point traction effect on the collar 10 and the first traction rope 9. In case of an emergency, if one or both of the first electric locking pin 702 or the second electric locking pin 703 disengage from the through hole 704, the limiting rod 701 will rotate downwards or fall. Without a support point, the sealing plate 5 will fall downwards, sealing the drainage tunnel opening 3. To ensure the safety of the first electric locking pin 702 and the second electric locking pin... To enhance the stability of the limiting rod 701, a support block 705 is added to the outside of the limiting rod 701. The support block 705 is located above the first electric latch 702 and the second electric latch 703, providing protection for the first electric latch 702 and the second electric latch 703. At the same time, the limiting groove 706 on the support block 705 allows the first electric latch 702 and the second electric latch 703 to be inserted, providing support for both and improving their load-bearing capacity.

[0031] The arc axis of the sealing plate 5 is collinear with the axis of the drainage well seat 2, which allows the sealing plate 5 to fit more closely to the inner wall of the drainage well seat 2, ensuring the sealing performance of the sealing plate 5 to the well opening of the drainage tunnel 3. Furthermore, for convenient subsequent maintenance, a lifting assembly 12 is installed above the sealing plate 5. The balance rope 1201 of the lifting assembly 12 has three fixed points to the upper end of the sealing plate 5. Two of the fixed ends are located at the intersection of the straight line and the arc, respectively, and the other fixed end is located at the midpoint of the arc. These three fixed ends allow the tension of the second traction rope 1202 to be evenly distributed onto the sealing plate 5. The upper end of the second traction rope 1202 is connected to an electric winch 1203. 203 has the same structure as the winch in the lifting equipment and belongs to the prior art. Here, it is used for the winding and unwinding of the second traction rope 1202. The electric winch 1203 is installed on the crossbeam 1204, which is fixed to the top of the derrick 4. The electromagnetic brake in the electric winch is an inductive brake. In case of an emergency and the sealing plate needs to be blocked downward, the electromagnetic brake, the first electric locking pin and the second electric locking pin are released simultaneously to ensure the downward movement of the sealing plate. When maintenance is required in the future, the electromagnetic brake will pull and limit the second traction rope. The second traction rope can share the weight of the sealing plate with the first traction rope to avoid the first traction rope being overloaded.

[0032] Furthermore, to ensure the normal operation of the first electric locking pin, the second electric locking pin, and the electric winch in the event of a sudden power outage during extreme weather, solar photovoltaic panels and wind turbines are installed on the derrick. Solar and wind power generation are connected to energy storage batteries via inverters as backup power sources. In the event of a power outage on the normal power line, the backup power source automatically starts to supply power, ensuring the device's ability to respond to emergencies. Remote video monitoring devices are installed on the derrick and at the wellhead. These devices, together with the first electric locking pin, the second electric locking pin, the electric winch, and the remote monitoring room, form an intelligent Internet of Things system. The video monitoring allows real-time viewing of the drainage well's status via a display screen in the monitoring room. This monitoring is used to monitor the verticality of the derrick and the discharge of tailings. An alarm is immediately triggered when the derrick tilts by more than three degrees or when abnormal water quality is detected. At this point, the sealing plate falls vertically. Further operations are determined after observation and confirmation.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A tailings dam drainage well base anti-tailings leakage device, characterized in that: Includes a well base (1), a drainage well base (2) is provided inside the well base (1), the drainage well base (2) is orthogonally connected to a drainage tunnel opening (3), a well frame (4) is provided above the drainage well base (2), the well frame (4) is fixedly connected to the well base (1), and a dynamic sealing component for controlling the opening and closing of the drainage tunnel opening (3) is provided inside the drainage well base (2); The dynamic sealing assembly includes a sealing plate (5), and the drainage well seat (2) is provided with a linear guide groove (6) for the sealing plate (5) to slide. The side of the linear guide groove (6) is provided with a brake actuator (7), which locks the sealing plate (5) at a preset height higher than the inlet plane of the drainage tunnel (3).

2. The tailings dam drainage well base anti-tailings leakage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dynamic sealing assembly also includes two sets of symmetrically distributed fixed rings (8), each set of fixed rings (8) is fixedly connected to a first traction rope (9), the other end of the first traction rope (9) is fixedly connected to a collar (10), the collar (10) is sleeved inside the brake actuator (7), the middle part of the first traction rope (9) is fitted with a fixed pulley (11), the fixed pulley (11) is rotatably connected to the sealing plate (5).

3. The tailings dam drainage well base anti-tailings leakage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The brake actuator (7) includes a limit rod (701), a first electric latch (702), and a second electric latch (703). The limit rod (701) has through holes (704) at both ends that cooperate with the first electric latch (702) and the second electric latch (703). The first electric latch (702) and the second electric latch (703) are fixedly connected in the well base (1). The side of the limit rod (701) is provided with a support block (705). The support block (705) is fixedly connected to the well base (1). The support block (705) is provided with a limit groove (706) that cooperates with the first electric latch (702) and the second electric latch (703).

4. The tailings dam drainage well base anti-tailings leakage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support block (705) is located above the brake actuator (7).

5. The tailings dam drainage well base anti-tailings leakage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage tunnel opening (3) has an arc-shaped cross-section structure. The arc axis of the sealing plate (5) is collinear with the axis of the drainage well seat (2). A lifting assembly (12) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sealing plate (5).

6. The tailings dam drainage well base anti-tailings leakage device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (12) includes a balance rope (1201), the lower end of which is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (5), and the upper end of which is fixedly connected to a second traction rope (1202). The upper end of the second traction rope (1202) is connected to an electric winch (1203), and the electric winch (1203) is fixedly connected to a crossbeam (1204). The crossbeam (1204) is fixedly connected to the derrick (4).

7. The tailings dam drainage well base anti-tailings leakage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end of the balance rope (1201) is provided with three fixed ends, which are evenly distributed on the upper end of the sealing plate (5).

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