Forage grass drying device

Abstract

The utility model provides a pasture drying device. The pasture drying device comprises an extruder, a hay cutter, a drying chamber and a cyclone dust collector which are sequentially connected in series. The squeezer is connected with the liquid receiving tank; the drying chamber is further connected with an air heater and a fan in sequence; the drying chamber is further connected with the dry material storage bin. According to the device, grass stalks are flattened by arranging the extruder, the water content in the grass is reduced, the extruded grass is cut into sections by arranging the hay cutter, then the cut grass is transferred into the drying chamber, and hot air supplied by the hot air blower is adopted for fluidized drying; according to the device, harvested pasture is dried through cooperative use of the equipment, the drying time of the pasture is remarkably shortened, loss of nutritional ingredients of the pasture is reduced, pasture stalks are flattened through the arranged squeezer, drying of the pasture is facilitated, and meanwhile the problem that the pasture stalks are difficult to dry can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of forage processing, and particularly to a forage drying device. Background Art

[0002] With the booming development of intensive animal husbandry, protein feed resources have become increasingly scarce. Using grass powder, especially high-yield high-quality leguminous forage - alfalfa (Medicago Sativa, L) to supplement the shortage of protein and vitamin feed resources has become the key to the sustainable development of the global animal husbandry. However, the forage harvesting time is tight. If stored improperly, it will seriously affect the quality of forage. The moisture content of forage storage is a key parameter, which is related to the storage time of forage and directly affects the quality of forage. The traditional drying method is mainly natural air drying. During the process, due to the influence of climate such as long-term exposure to sunlight, rain, and enzyme decomposition, the nutritional loss is serious, and the drying time is long. To improve and enhance the quality and commercial value of forage, reduce the loss of nutrients during the drying process, and improve the drying efficiency, it is necessary to propose a forage drying device. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a forage drying device to solve the problems of long forage drying time and serious nutrient loss when traditional natural air drying of forage is adopted.

[0004] This application provides a forage drying device, including a squeezer, a hay cutter, a drying chamber, and a cyclone dust collector connected in series in sequence;

[0005] The squeezer is connected to a liquid receiving tank;

[0006] The drying chamber is further connected to a hot air blower and a fan in sequence;

[0007] The drying chamber is also connected to a dry material storage bin.

[0008] Optionally, the gas output end of the cyclone dust collector is further connected to a heat pump.

[0009] Optionally, the gas input end of the fan is further connected to an air filter.

[0010] Optionally, the squeezer includes an installation frame in a "冂" shape, and a driven roller and a driving roller are installed in the installation frame from top to bottom in sequence;

[0011] One end of the driving roller is meshed and connected to the driven roller through a gear, and the other end of the driving roller is connected to a power source through a power transmission mechanism.

[0012] Optionally, an auxiliary feeding frame is arranged on one side of the input end of the squeezer;

[0013] The auxiliary feed frame includes support frames on both sides and a feed platform connecting the support frames on both sides. The feed platform is horizontally set and located between the driven roller and the driving roller, and close to the driving roller.

[0014] Optionally, at least one air inlet is provided on the side of the bottom of the drying chamber, and an exhaust port is provided on the top. A filter screen is provided on the top of the drying chamber.

[0015] The middle of one side of the drying chamber is connected to the feeding hopper, and the lower part of one side of the drying chamber is provided with a discharge door, which is located between the air inlet and the feeding hopper.

[0016] An isolation net is installed inside the drying chamber, between the discharge door and the air inlet.

[0017] Optionally, the feed hopper and the drying chamber are separated by an isolation device;

[0018] The isolation device includes an isolation plate and slots located on both sides of the communication port between the feed hopper and the drying chamber. The isolation plate matches the slots and is slidably connected to them.

[0019] This application provides a forage drying device. It uses a presser to flatten the forage stalks, reducing the moisture content of the forage, and a chaff cutter to cut the flattened forage into sections. The cut forage is then transferred to a drying chamber where hot air supplied by a hot air blower is used for fluidized drying. This device, through the combined use of the above equipment, dries harvested forage, significantly shortening the drying time and reducing the loss of nutrients. Furthermore, the presser flattens the forage stalks, facilitating drying and solving the problem of difficult-to-dry forage stalks. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a forage drying device provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an extruder provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an extruder provided in another embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a drying chamber provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a drying chamber provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a drying chamber provided in one embodiment of this application from another angle.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 1. Extruder; 2. Chopper; 3. Drying chamber; 4. Cyclone dust collector; 5. Hot air blower; 6. Dry material storage silo; 7. Heat pump; 10. Fan; 11. Mounting frame; 12. Driven roller; 13. Driven roller; 14. Power source; 15. Auxiliary feeding frame; 20. Air filter; 31. Filter screen; 32. Feed hopper; 33. Discharge gate; 34. Isolation net; 100. Liquid receiving tank; 151. Support frame; 152. Feeding platform; 301. Air inlet; 302. Exhaust outlet; 321. Isolation device; 322. Isolation plate; 323. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a forage drying device, including a press 1, a chaff cutter 2, a drying chamber 3 and a cyclone dust collector 4 connected in series.

[0031] The extruder 1 is connected to the liquid receiving tank 100;

[0032] The drying chamber 3 is also connected in sequence to the hot air blower 5 and the fan 10;

[0033] The drying chamber 3 is also connected to the dry material storage silo 6.

[0034] In actual production, hot air drying of forage is also used, but the high water content of the forage stems makes them difficult to dry, affecting the drying efficiency.

[0035] The harvested hay (using alfalfa as an example, which can be freshly harvested hay or hay that has been left to dry naturally for 1-2 days after harvesting) is first conveyed to the press 1 via a conveyor belt for pressing, which flattens the hay stalks (reducing the moisture content of the stalks helps them dry). The hay sap that flows out during the flattening process falls naturally into the liquid receiving tank 100 located below the press 1. The pressed hay then falls onto the conveyor belt between the press 1 and the chaff cutter 2, and is then transported to the chaff cutter 2 to be cut into hay segments (e.g., 3-8cm, the specific length depending on the needs).

[0036] The chopped hay is fed into drying chamber 3 until a certain quantity is reached. Then, fan 10 is activated to draw air into hot air blower 5, which heats the hay to generate hot air (temperature 90-105℃, adjustable as needed). This hot air is then introduced into drying chamber 3, blowing the hay segments into a fluidized state. The hot air dries the hay, and this fluidized state ensures even heating, improving drying efficiency. The humid air and fine solid particles are discharged from the top of the drying chamber and enter cyclone dust collector 4 for dust removal and purification. The fine hay particles collected by cyclone dust collector 4 are transferred to appropriate containers (because these fine dust particles come from the entire hay drying process, their moisture content is higher than that of the dried hay; to avoid mixing with dried hay and affecting its storage, they must be collected separately). The hot air after dust removal can be reused or vented.

[0037] After drying is complete (a moisture monitor can be installed on the exhaust pipe of drying chamber 3; the drying endpoint is considered reached when the moisture content in the discharged hot air drops to a preset level), the dried hay segments are discharged, cooled, and collected in dry feed storage silo 6. Alternatively, after drying, the hot air fan 5 can be turned off, and the air drawn by the fan 10 can be directly introduced into drying chamber 3 for cold blowing to cool the dried hay.

[0038] During the drying process, it is important to note that as the hay gradually decreases in weight and becomes more brittle, the flow rate and air pressure of the incoming hot air must be carefully adjusted to avoid wasting hot air and excessive air pressure causing the hay to collide violently and break apart.

[0039] This application provides a forage drying device. By setting up an extruder 1 to flatten the forage stalks and reduce the moisture content of the forage, and setting up a chaff cutter 2 to cut the extruded forage into sections, the sectioned forage is then transferred to a drying chamber 3, where hot air supplied by a hot air blower 5 is used for fluidized drying. The device of this application dries harvested forage by using the above equipment in combination, which significantly shortens the drying time of forage and reduces the loss of nutrients in forage. Moreover, the extruder 1 flattens the forage stalks, which is beneficial to the drying of forage and can solve the problem of difficult drying of forage stalks.

[0040] Optionally, the gas output end of the cyclone dust collector 4 is also connected to the heat pump 7.

[0041] In this application, the hot air after dust removal is input into the heat pump 7 to recover the heat in the hot air to generate higher-grade heat, which is used in other heat-requiring sections in the factory, or is used to heat the air input into the drying chamber 3 and merged with the hot air heated by the hot air blower 5 for drying the forage grass.

[0042] As Figure 1 shown, optionally, the gas input end of the blower 10 is also connected to the air filter 20.

[0043] In this application, since the outside air may contain fine solid particles such as sand and dust, these solid particles will wear the pump body after entering the pump body of the blower 10, shortening the service life of the blower 10 and even causing damage to the blower 10. Therefore, an air filter 20 needs to be set to filter the air before inputting.

[0044] Optionally, as Figure 2 shown, the extruder 1 includes a mounting frame 11 in the shape of "冂", and a driven roller 12 and a driving roller 13 are sequentially installed in the mounting frame 11 from top to bottom;

[0045] One end of the driving roller 13 is connected to the driven roller 12 through gear meshing, and the other end of the driving roller 13 is connected to the power source 14 through a power transmission mechanism.

[0046] The harvested forage grass (taking alfalfa as an example, it can be freshly harvested forage grass or forage grass that has been naturally placed for 1 - 2 days after harvesting) is first conveyed to the extruder 1 through a conveyor belt for extrusion to flatten the stems of the forage grass (reducing the water content of the stems is beneficial to the drying of the stems). Specifically, the forage grass is spread on the conveyor belt along the direction parallel to the conveyor belt, the power source 14 (a motor in this application) is started, the driving roller 13 is driven to rotate through a power transmission mechanism (a pulley in this application), the driving roller 13 drives the driven roller 12 to rotate through the gear meshing with the driven roller 12, the forage grass transported from the conveyor belt moves into the gap between the driving roller 13 and the driven roller 12, the stems of the forage grass are flattened by the rolling extrusion of the driving roller 13 and the driven roller 12 and move forward, and the forage juice flowing out during the flattening process naturally falls into the liquid receiving tank 100 arranged below the extruder 1, and the extruded forage grass falls onto the conveyor belt between the extruder 1 and the hay cutter 2, and then is transported to the hay cutter 2 to be cut into forage grass segments (such as 3 - 8 cm, and the specific length can be determined according to requirements).

[0047] The forage juice collected in the liquid receiving tank 100 can be made into forage juice dry powder by drying (freeze drying or vacuum evaporation drying) for use in feed; or it can be made into liquid forage juice after sterilization for use in feed.

[0048] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, an auxiliary feed rack 15 is provided on one side of the input end of the extruder 1;

[0049] The auxiliary feed frame 15 includes support frames 151 on both sides and a feed table 152 connecting the support frames 151 on both sides. The feed table 152 is horizontally arranged and located between the driven roller 12 and the driving roller 13, and is close to the driving roller 13.

[0050] In this application, the feed platform 152 in the auxiliary feed rack 15 is close to the input end of the extruder 1 so that the material (the forage in this application) can smoothly enter the gap between the driven roller 12 and the driving roller 13 and be squeezed, thereby reducing the labor cost of manual feeding.

[0051] Optionally, such as Figures 4-6 As shown, the bottom side of the drying chamber 3 is provided with at least one air inlet 301, the top is provided with an exhaust port 302, and the top of the drying chamber 3 is provided with a filter screen 31.

[0052] The middle of one side of the drying chamber 3 is connected to the feeding hopper 32, and the lower part of one side of the drying chamber 3 is provided with a discharge door 33, which is located between the air inlet 301 and the feeding hopper 32.

[0053] An isolation net 34 is installed inside the drying chamber 3, and the isolation net 34 is located between the discharge door 33 and the air inlet 301.

[0054] In this application, during use, hay fragments are added to the drying chamber 3 through the connecting port to a certain amount. Then, the blower 10 is started to draw in air passing through the air filter 20 and transfer it to the hot air blower 5. The hot air blower 5 heats the air to generate hot air (temperature 90~105℃, which can also be adjusted according to specific needs). The generated hot air is then input into the drying chamber 3 through the air inlet 301 and blown upward through the isolation net 34, blowing the hay fragments into a fluidized state. The hot air dries the hay, and this fluidized state also ensures that the hay is heated evenly, thereby improving drying efficiency. The hot air after drying the hay carries the evaporated moisture and a small amount of hay debris upward through the filter net 31 set at the top of the drying chamber 3. Large hay debris particles in the hot air are trapped. The humid and hot air and fine solid particles pass through the filter net 31 and are discharged from the exhaust port 302 at the top of the drying chamber and enter the cyclone dust collector 4 for dust removal and purification.

[0055] During the drying process, it is important to note that as the hay gradually decreases in weight and becomes more brittle, the flow rate and air pressure of the incoming hot air must be carefully adjusted to avoid wasting hot air and excessive air pressure causing the hay to collide violently and break apart.

[0056] Optionally, the feed hopper 32 and the drying chamber 3 are separated by an isolation device 321;

[0057] The isolation device 321 includes an isolation plate 322 and slots 323 disposed on both sides of the communication port between the feed hopper 32 and the drying chamber 3. The isolation plate 322 matches the slots 323 and is slidably connected to the slots 323.

[0058] In this application, during material feeding, the isolation plate 322 is pulled up along the slot 323 to open the connection between the feeding hopper 32 and the drying chamber 3; after material feeding is completed, the isolation plate 322 is pulled down to close the connection between the feeding hopper 32 and the drying chamber 3.

[0059] The working process of a forage drying device is as follows:

[0060] Harvested hay (using alfalfa as an example, this can be freshly harvested hay or hay that has been left to dry naturally for 1-2 days after harvest) is first conveyed to the press 1 via a conveyor belt for pressing, flattening the hay stems (reducing the moisture content of the stems facilitates drying). Specifically, the hay is spread on the conveyor belt in a direction parallel to the conveyor belt, which is slightly higher than the feed platform 152 in the press 1 to ensure that the hay can be transported to the feed platform 152. The power source 14 (motor in this application) is started, driving the drive roller 13 to rotate through the power transmission mechanism (pulley in this application). The drive roller 13 drives the driven roller 12 to rotate through a gear meshing with the driven roller 12. The hay transported from the conveyor belt moves to the feed platform 152, and then... The forage is fed into the gap between the drive roller 13 and the driven roller 12 through the feed table 152. The rolling and squeezing of the drive roller 13 and the driven roller 12 flattens the forage stalks. The forage juice flowing out during the flattening process naturally falls into the liquid receiving tank 100 set below the press 1. The squeezed forage falls onto the conveyor belt between the press 1 and the chaff cutter 2, and is then transported to the chaff cutter 2 to be cut into forage segments (e.g., 3~8cm, the specific length can be determined according to the needs).

[0061] The chopped hay is fed into the drying chamber 3 for drying. Specifically, during use, the isolation plate 322 is pulled up along the slot 323 to open the connection between the feed hopper 32 and the drying chamber 3. The hay segments are added into the drying chamber 3 through the connection to a certain amount. Then, the isolation plate 322 is pulled down to close the connection between the feed hopper 32 and the drying chamber 3. At this time, the blower 10 is started to draw in the air passing through the air filter 20 and transfer it to the hot air blower 5. The hot air blower 5 heats the air to generate hot air (the temperature is 90~105℃, and the temperature can also be adjusted according to specific needs). The generated hot air is fed into the drying chamber 3 through the air inlet 301 and blown upward through the isolation net 34, blowing the hay segments into a fluidized state. The hot air dries the hay, and this fluidized state also allows the hay to be heated evenly, thereby improving the drying efficiency. The hot air after drying the hay carries the evaporated moisture and a small amount of hay debris upwards through the filter screen 31 set at the top of the drying chamber 3. The large hay debris particles in the hot air are trapped. The humid hot air and fine solid particles pass through the filter screen 31 and are discharged from the exhaust port 302 at the top of the drying chamber and enter the cyclone dust collector 4 for dust removal and purification. The fine hay particles collected by the cyclone dust collector 4 are transferred to the corresponding containers (since these fine dust particles come from the entire hay drying process, their moisture content is higher than that of the dried hay. In order to avoid mixing with the dried hay and affecting the storage of the dried hay, they need to be collected separately from the dried hay). The dust-removed hot air is input into the heat pump 7 to recover the heat in the hot air to generate higher-grade heat, which is used for other sections of the factory that require heat, or to heat the air input into the drying chamber 3 and combine it with the hot air heated by the hot air blower 5 for drying hay.

[0062] After drying is complete (a moisture monitor can be installed on the exhaust pipe of drying chamber 3; when the moisture content in the discharged hot air drops to a preset level, it is considered the drying endpoint), open the discharge door 33 to discharge the dried hay segments, let them cool, and collect them in the dry material storage silo 6 for storage. Alternatively, after drying, the hot air fan 5 can be turned off, and the air drawn by the fan 10 can be directly introduced into the drying chamber 3 for cold blowing to cool the dried hay. However, the hot air discharged during the cold blowing process has very low energy and a small volume, so the hot air discharged during the cold blowing process can be discharged after dust removal by the cyclone dust collector 4.

[0063] During the drying process, it is important to note that as the hay gradually decreases in weight and becomes more brittle, the flow rate and air pressure of the incoming hot air must be carefully adjusted to avoid wasting hot air and excessive air pressure causing the hay to collide violently and break apart.

[0064] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A grass drying apparatus, characterised in that, It includes an extruder (1), a chaff cutter (2), a drying chamber (3), and a cyclone dust collector (4) connected in series successively; The extruder (1) is connected to a liquid receiving tank (100); The drying chamber (3) is also connected to a hot air blower (5) and a blower (10) successively; The drying chamber (3) is also connected to a dry material storage bin (6).

2. The forage drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein The gas output end of the cyclone dust collector (4) is also connected to a heat pump (7).

3. The forage drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein The gas input end of the blower (10) is also connected to an air filter (20).

4. The forage drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extruder (1) includes an installation frame (11) in a "冂" shape. Inside the installation frame (11), a driven roller (12) and a driving roller (13) are installed successively from top to bottom; One end of the driving roller (13) is connected to the driven roller (12) through gear meshing, and the other end of the driving roller (13) is connected to a power source (14) through a power transmission mechanism.

5. The forage drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, On one side of the input end of the extruder (1), an auxiliary feeding frame (15) is provided; The auxiliary feeding frame (15) includes support frames (151) on both sides and a feeding table (152) connecting the support frames (151) on both sides. The feeding table (152) is horizontally arranged, located between the driven roller (12) and the driving roller (13), and close to the driving roller (13).

6. The forage drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the side of the bottom of the drying chamber (3), at least one air inlet (301) is provided, and an exhaust port (302) is opened at the top. A filter screen (31) is provided at the top inside the drying chamber (3); In the middle of one side surface of the drying chamber (3), a feeding bin (32) is connected. At the lower part of one side surface of the drying chamber (3), a discharge door (33) is provided. The discharge door (33) is arranged between the air inlet (301) and the feeding bin (32); An isolation net (34) is provided inside the drying chamber (3). The isolation net (34) is arranged between the discharge door (33) and the air inlet (301).

7. The forage drying device according to claim 6, characterized in that, Between the feeding bin (32) and the drying chamber (3), they are separated by an isolation device (321); The isolation device (321) includes an isolation board (322) and slots (323) arranged on both sides of the communication port between the feeding bin (32) and the drying chamber (3). The isolation board (322) is matched with the slots (323) and is slidably connected to the slots (323).

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