Polarized antenna
By installing polarized antenna substrates at specific angles next to tracks or buildings, and combining horizontal and dual-polarized antenna arrays, the problem of vertical polarization components reflecting back to the train windows in long-bridge, small-gauge track scenarios was solved, thus improving energy utilization.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-04-14
AI Technical Summary
In the long-gauge track gauge scenario at Changqiao Station, the vertical polarization component of the antenna is reflected back by the train window, resulting in energy waste.
Design a polarized antenna including first and second antenna substrates. A horizontally polarized antenna array is disposed on the first substrate, and a dual-polarized antenna array is disposed on the second substrate. The antennas are mounted at a specific angle on an antenna mast next to a track or building, so that the dual-polarized antenna array covers an area with a smaller incident angle while retaining polarization diversity, and the horizontally polarized antenna array covers an area with a larger incident angle, thereby improving transmittance.
It effectively solves the problem of vertical polarization components being reflected back, improves energy utilization, and especially under large incident angles, horizontal polarization has better transmittance.
Smart Images
Figure CN224123519U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wireless technology, and in particular to a polarized antenna. Background Technology
[0002] In the long-gauge scenario at Changqiao Station, the azimuth angle of the antenna's normal relative to the track is relatively large (88°). When the antenna-radiated signal enters the train through the window, the electromagnetic wave incident angle is within the large incident angle range for 95% of the distance. According to the theory of electromagnetic wave incidence in a medium, the electric field component perpendicular to the incident surface will generate higher penetration loss at large incident angles. Therefore, the vertically polarized component of the traditional ±45° plate polarization will be reflected back by the window, thus wasting some energy. However, the horizontally polarized component, as the incident angle increases, its transmission coefficient first increases and then decreases, resulting in better overall transmission performance than the vertically polarized component. Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a polarized antenna to solve the problem in the prior art where the vertical polarization component of the antenna is reflected back by the car window, resulting in a waste of energy.
[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a polarized antenna, comprising:
[0005] A first antenna substrate, on which a horizontally polarized antenna array is disposed;
[0006] The second antenna substrate has a first edge connected to the second edge of the first antenna substrate, and the first antenna substrate and the second antenna substrate are at a first preset angle; a dual-polarized antenna array is disposed on the second antenna substrate.
[0007] Optionally, the polarized antenna further includes:
[0008] A third antenna substrate is provided with a horizontally polarized antenna array; the third edge of the third antenna substrate is connected to the fourth edge of the second antenna substrate, and the third antenna substrate and the second antenna substrate are at a second preset angle; wherein, the fourth edge is the edge opposite to the first edge.
[0009] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the first preset angle is equal to the second preset angle, or the first preset angle is not equal to the second preset angle.
[0010] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 180°.
[0011] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the first antenna substrate includes multiple sets of first antenna arrays perpendicular to the second edge, and each set of first antenna arrays is provided with a first port.
[0012] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the beamwidth of the second antenna substrate is not less than 60°.
[0013] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the first edge and the second edge are rotatably connected by a first connector;
[0014] The third edge and the fourth edge are rotatably connected by a second connector.
[0015] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the second antenna substrate includes at least one set of the dual-polarized antenna arrays, and each set of the dual-polarized antenna arrays is provided with at least two second ports.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned technical solution of this utility model are as follows:
[0017] In the above scheme, the first antenna substrate and the second antenna substrate, set at a predetermined first angle, are mounted on an antenna mast next to the track or building, so that the second antenna substrate faces the track or building. The beam formed by the dual-polarized antenna array corresponds to the coverage area with a smaller incident angle. In areas where the vertically polarized wave has good penetration performance, the polarization diversity effect is retained. The first antenna substrate is correspondingly set on the side of the antenna mast, and the beam formed by the horizontally polarized antenna array corresponds to the coverage area with a larger incident angle. Horizontal polarization has better projection than vertical polarization, thus solving the problem in the prior art where the vertical polarization component of the antenna is reflected back by the car window, causing a waste of some energy. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the polarized antenna described in the embodiment of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the polarized antenna described in an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the polarized antenna in its installation state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation state of the polarized antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0022] Symbol explanation:
[0023] 100 - First antenna substrate; 110 - Second edge; 200 - Second antenna substrate; 210 - First edge; 220 - Fourth edge; 300 - Third antenna substrate; 310 - Third edge; 400 - First port; 500 - Second port. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] This invention addresses the problem that most existing technologies for improving vehicle small offset collision ratings involve complex structures, high costs, and long development times, which severely impact vehicle production efficiency. It provides a side panel reinforcement structure and a vehicle.
[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the present invention provides a polarized antenna, comprising:
[0027] A first antenna substrate 100 is provided with a horizontally polarized antenna array.
[0028] The second antenna substrate 200 has a first edge 210 connected to the second edge 110 of the first antenna substrate 100, and the first antenna substrate 100 and the second antenna substrate 200 are at a first preset angle; a dual-polarized antenna array is provided on the second antenna substrate 200.
[0029] In this embodiment, the first antenna substrate 100 and the second antenna substrate 200, which are set at the first preset angle, are mounted on an antenna mast next to a track or building, so that the second antenna substrate 200 faces the track or building. The beam formed by the dual-polarized antenna array corresponds to the coverage area with a smaller incident angle. In areas where vertically polarized waves have good penetration performance, the polarization diversity effect is retained. The first antenna substrate 100 is correspondingly set on the side of the antenna mast. The beam formed by the horizontally polarized antenna array corresponds to the coverage area with a larger incident angle. Horizontal polarization has better projection than vertical polarization, thereby solving the problem in the prior art where the vertical polarization component of the antenna is reflected back by the car window, causing a waste of some energy.
[0030] It should be noted that the polarized antenna is mounted on an antenna mast. The dual-polarized antenna array of the first antenna substrate 100 faces the track or building to be covered, and the second antenna substrate 200 is disposed on the side of the antenna mast. The normal of the horizontally polarized antenna array points to the farthest point of coverage of the track or building. Depending on the needs, the polarized antennas on the antenna mast are typically installed in a pair symmetrically to achieve a left-right opposing configuration for the base station antennas.
[0031] Optionally, the polarized antenna further includes:
[0032] A third antenna substrate 300 is provided with a horizontally polarized antenna array; the third edge 310 of the third antenna substrate 300 is connected to the fourth edge 220 of the second antenna substrate 200, and the third antenna substrate 300 and the second antenna substrate 200 are at a second preset angle; wherein, the fourth edge 220 is the edge opposite to the first edge 210.
[0033] In this embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, this utility model provides another embodiment, in the second antenna substrate 200 (i.e. Figure 2 The third antenna substrate 300 is disposed at the fourth edge 220 of the A2 portion of the third antenna substrate. Figure 2 The third edge 310 of the second antenna substrate 200 is connected to the third edge of the second antenna substrate 100, such that the first antenna substrate 100 (i.e., the first antenna substrate 100) is respectively disposed on the left and right sides of the second antenna substrate 200. Figure 2 The first antenna substrate 100 and the second antenna substrate 200 are at the second preset angle, as are the third antenna substrate 300 and the second antenna substrate 200.
[0034] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the first preset angle is equal to the second preset angle, or the first preset angle is not equal to the second preset angle.
[0035] In this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first antenna substrate 100 and the third antenna substrate 300 are symmetrically arranged relative to the second antenna substrate 200. In this case, the first preset angle is equal to the second preset angle. However, due to the practical requirement of mounting the polarized antenna on an antenna mast, the first antenna substrate 100 and the third antenna substrate 300 may not be symmetrically arranged relative to the second antenna substrate 200. In this case, the first preset angle and the second preset angle are not equal.
[0036] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 180°.
[0037] In this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first preset angle between the first antenna substrate 100 and the second antenna substrate 200, and between the third antenna substrate 300 and the second antenna substrate 200, is adjusted within an angle range greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 180° according to installation requirements.
[0038] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the first antenna substrate 100 includes multiple sets of first antenna arrays perpendicular to the second edge 110, and each set of first antenna arrays is provided with a first port 400.
[0039] In this embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first antenna substrate 100 (i.e. Figure 2 The A3 section of the antenna array has three sets of first antenna arrays perpendicular to the second edge 110. Each set of first antenna arrays corresponds to a first port 400. Ports 6, 7, and 8 (three horizontal ports) each correspond to one set of the first antenna array. When the number of horizontal ports is greater than or equal to two, a horizontal beam scanning function can be achieved. Figure 4 As shown, the shaded portion occupies one-third of the beam 3 formed by the first antenna substrate 100, which is the scanning area corresponding to one of the three horizontal ports. Similarly, the third antenna substrate 300 is configured the same as the first antenna substrate 100, including three horizontal ports: PORT1, PORT2, and PORT3.
[0040] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the beamwidth of the second antenna substrate 200 is not less than 60°.
[0041] In this embodiment, such as Figure 4 As shown, the beam of the second antenna substrate 200 is beam 2, which is a dual-polarized wide beam with a unit beamwidth of not less than 60°, facing the track or building to be covered. In the case of covering the track, due to the small station gauge, its 6dB coverage range is mainly 120°, acting on the coverage area corresponding to the left and right incident angles of less than 50-60°, and retaining the polarization grading effect in areas where vertically polarized waves have good penetration performance.
[0042] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the first edge 210 and the second edge 110 are rotatably connected by a first connector;
[0043] The third edge 310 and the fourth edge 220 are rotatably connected by a second connector.
[0044] In this embodiment, the first edge 210 and the second edge 110, and the third edge 310 and the fourth edge 220 are rotatably connected by the first connector and the second connector, respectively, and can be bent mechanically, as shown in the figure. Figure 4 The positional relationship shown, when mounted on the antenna mast, allows for the formation of three beams: beam 1, beam 2, and beam 3. Beam 3 from the first antenna substrate 100 and beam 1 from the third antenna substrate 300 point to the left and right sides of the mast, respectively. When multiple channels are present in the horizontal dimension in sections A1 and A3, a high-gain narrow beam can be formed and digitally scanned through array synthesis. Their maximum gains are in the normal directions of sections A1 and A3, pointing towards the farthest point of coverage.
[0045] Optionally, in the polarized antenna, the second antenna substrate 200 includes at least one set of the dual-polarized antenna arrays, and each set of the dual-polarized antenna arrays is provided with at least two second ports 500.
[0046] In this embodiment, such as Figure 2 As shown, the dual-polarized antenna array on the second antenna substrate 200 is provided with two horizontal ports, PORT4 and PORT5, which are the second ports 500.
[0047] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.
Claims
1. A polarized antenna, characterized in that, include: A first antenna substrate (100) is provided with a horizontally polarized antenna array. The second antenna substrate (200) has a first edge (210) connected to the second edge (110) of the first antenna substrate (100), and the first antenna substrate (100) and the second antenna substrate (200) are at a first preset angle; a dual-polarized antenna array is provided on the second antenna substrate (200).
2. The polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A third antenna substrate (300) is provided with a horizontally polarized antenna array; The third edge (310) of the third antenna substrate (300) is connected to the fourth edge (220) of the second antenna substrate (200), and the third antenna substrate (300) and the second antenna substrate (200) are at a second preset angle; wherein the fourth edge (220) is the edge opposite to the first edge (210).
3. The polarized antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first preset angle is equal to the second preset angle, or the first preset angle is not equal to the second preset angle.
4. The polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first preset angle is greater than or equal to 0° and less than or equal to 180°.
5. The polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna substrate (100) includes multiple sets of first antenna arrays perpendicular to the second edge (110), and each set of first antenna arrays is provided with a first port (400).
6. The polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The beamwidth of the second antenna substrate (200) is not less than 60°.
7. The polarized antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first edge (210) and the second edge (110) are rotatably connected by a first connector; The third edge (310) and the fourth edge (220) are rotatably connected by a second connector.
8. The polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second antenna substrate (200) includes at least one set of the dual-polarized antenna arrays, and each set of the dual-polarized antenna arrays is provided with at least two second ports (500).