Combine harvester

Abstract

The combine harvester comprises a winnowing mechanism and a vibrating screen assembly, the winnowing mechanism comprises a partition plate assembly located on one side of a draught fan, the partition plate assembly is obliquely arranged towards the vibrating screen assembly, and the partition plate assembly is used for forming a plurality of air channels; an air guide mechanism is arranged at the end of the surface of the partition plate assembly and comprises an air guide plate erected on the surface of the partition plate assembly, and the air guide plate is used for guiding airflow in the air duct. The air guide mechanism is movably connected with the partition plate assembly through the positioning piece and can swing around the positioning piece. By adjusting the angle of the air guide mechanism, the air flow in the air duct can be efficiently guided. And the direction and strength of airflow in the winnowing process are flexibly controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of harvester technology, specifically to a combine harvester. Background Technology

[0002] A combine harvester is a harvesting machine suitable for harvesting grains from various crops. It is a non-road self-propelled machine that integrates walking, harvesting, threshing, winnowing, and storage. Its primary crop is rice, but it is also suitable for wheat, sorghum, corn, soybeans, and other crops. Because the screening method is winnowing, the airflow from the air duct always has a high velocity in the middle and a low velocity on the sides. Therefore, the sides of the harvester frame tend to get dirty, easily accumulating short stalks and small crop leaves.

[0003] Authorization Announcement No.: CN 206413421 U, Application Date: 2016.12.26, Utility Model Name: Combine Harvester. This utility model provides a combine harvester, which aims to solve the problem of poor maintainability near the winnowing device when a sensor for detecting blockage of the winnowing device is installed. The combine harvester has a threshing device on one side of the machine frame and a grain bin on the other side. The threshing device includes: a processing chamber with a processing cylinder mounted on a shaft; a oscillating screening frame disposed below the processing cylinder, which screens grains and foreign objects by reciprocating the airflow of an air separator and the direction of airflow; and a winnowing device that transfers the grains screened by the oscillating screening frame to the grain bin. At the upper end of the winnowing device, a support member is provided to support a pre-filter for supplying external air to the engine, and a sensor for detecting blockage of the winnowing device is provided on the support member.

[0004] The aforementioned prior art uses the airflow of the air separator to separate grains and foreign objects. However, the airflow from the air separator has different speeds. The airflow speed is high in the middle of the air duct, making it easier to blow away foreign objects. However, the airflow speed is low on both sides of the air duct, making it easier for foreign objects to mix with grains. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the high impurity rate of grains in the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a combine harvester with a guiding mechanism that can regulate the airflow in the air duct.

[0006] The technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A combine harvester includes an air separation mechanism and a vibrating screen assembly.

[0008] The air separation mechanism includes a baffle assembly located on one side of the fan, the baffle assembly being inclined toward the vibrating screen assembly, and the baffle assembly being used to form several air ducts;

[0009] The end of the surface of the partition assembly is provided with an air guiding mechanism, which includes an air guiding plate erected on the surface of the partition assembly. The air guiding plate is used to guide the airflow in the air duct.

[0010] The air guiding mechanism is movably connected to the partition assembly via a positioning element, and the air guiding mechanism can swing around the positioning element.

[0011] Furthermore, the surface of the partition assembly is provided with at least one air guiding mechanism.

[0012] Furthermore, the air guiding mechanism includes a first air guiding section and a second air guiding section, and the two ends of the connecting rod are movably connected to the first air guiding section and the second air guiding section, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the first air guide is movably connected to the partition assembly via a first positioning member, and the second air guide is movably connected to the partition assembly via a second positioning member;

[0014] When the first air guide oscillates around the first positioning member, the connecting rod is used to drive the second air guide to oscillate synchronously around the second positioning member.

[0015] Furthermore, the air guide plate is perpendicular to the surface of the partition assembly, and the air guide plate includes a first air guide plate and a second air guide plate;

[0016] The first air guide plate is disposed on the first air guide section, and the second air guide plate is disposed on the second air guide section; an air passage is formed between the first air guide plate and the second air guide plate.

[0017] Furthermore, the first air guide plate and the second air guide plate are parallel to each other.

[0018] Furthermore, the first air guide section is provided with a guide rail closed at both ends, and the partition assembly is provided with a first limiting member, and the guide rail is slidably connected to the first limiting member;

[0019] The first air guide section is limited by fastening the second limiting member that is compatible with the first limiting member.

[0020] Furthermore, the first limiting member and the second limiting member are bolt assemblies.

[0021] Furthermore, along the height direction of the combine harvester, the partition assembly includes, from top to bottom, an upper fan volute, a second partition, a third partition, and a lower fan volute;

[0022] The first air duct is formed between the upper volute of the fan and the second baffle.

[0023] A second air duct is formed between the second and third partitions;

[0024] The third baffle plate and the upper volute of the fan form a third air duct.

[0025] Furthermore, along the height direction of the combine harvester, the air guiding mechanism can be installed on the upper surface of the second partition, the third partition, and the lower volute of the fan.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0027] (1) This utility model achieves efficient airflow guidance within the air duct by adjusting the angle of the air guide mechanism. Through this adjustment, the direction and intensity of the airflow during the air separation process can be flexibly controlled, thereby effectively improving the adaptability and processing efficiency of the combine harvester's air separation mechanism to various crops, meeting the diverse needs under complex operating scenarios, and providing a reliable guarantee for the efficient operation of agricultural production.

[0028] (2) This utility model can achieve flexible adjustment and stable fixation of the air guiding mechanism. The guide rail and the first limiting member on the partition plate of the air guiding mechanism form a sliding connection structure. With this connection method, the air guiding mechanism can swing freely within a preset angle range, thereby realizing the air guiding function of multiple angles. When the air guiding mechanism swings to the required angle, the movement freedom of the air guiding mechanism can be effectively restricted by fastening the second limiting member, thereby realizing the overall angle fixation of the air guiding mechanism, ensuring stability during use, and meeting the air guiding needs under different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vibrating screen assembly in one embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partition plate in the air separator mechanism of one embodiment of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide mechanism in one embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air guide plate structure in one embodiment of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning element structure in one embodiment of this application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of multiple second air guides in one embodiment of this application.

[0035] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0036] Baffle assembly 1, upper volute of the fan 11, second baffle 12, third baffle 13, lower volute of the fan 14;

[0037] Vibrating screen assembly 2;

[0038] Air guide mechanism 3, first air guide section 31, first air guide plate 311, first positioning component 312, guide rail 313; second air guide section 32, second air guide plate 321, second positioning component 322; connecting rod 33, first limiting component 34. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To further understand the content of this utility model, a detailed description of this utility model will be provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] The structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model. Furthermore, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of implementation. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention's implementation.

[0041] The combine harvester collects crops through the front header, which is equipped with sharp cutting separators at both ends. The teeth on the blade repeatedly open and close to cut the crops from the root. The pickup wheel pushes the crops downwards toward the blades, and the screw transports the cut crops to the center. The crops are then lifted into the main body of the combine harvester via a conveyor belt.

[0042] The cut crop enters the threshing drum, which strikes the crop, causing the grain to fall from the stalk.

[0043] After threshing, the grains and impurities enter the collection bin, where internal sieves separate them. Unwanted impurities are conveyed to the rear of the machine. Grains that fall off during this process can be collected again in the collection bin. Finally, the threshed crop is collected in the storage tank inside the combine harvester, while the husks and straw are discharged from the cleaning box by a centrifugal fan and a vibrating screen.

[0044] Combine harvesters complete harvesting, threshing, stalk separation, and debris removal in one operation, greatly shortening the harvest time for crops, improving agricultural production efficiency, and reducing the labor intensity of farmers.

[0045] The threshing and air separation systems of combine harvesters can effectively separate grains from straw and remove most impurities. In existing technologies, tracked combine harvesters use a combination of a fan and a vibrating screen for screening. Simultaneously, the fan and baffles form an air duct, which creates an airflow field that blows away and cleans the grains and impurities.

[0046] However, since the fan speed is constant and the vibration frequency of the vibrating screen is also constant, the airflow field in the cleaning box is also constant. Due to the structural limitations of the centrifugal fan, the wind blowing out from the air duct always has a high wind speed in the middle and a low wind speed on both sides. Therefore, the sides of the combine harvester frame are relatively dirty and tend to accumulate short straw and small crop leaves.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] This application discloses a combine harvester, primarily focusing on improvements to the air separation mechanism. The air separation mechanism includes a baffle assembly 1 located on one side of the blower, inclined towards a vibrating screen assembly 2. The baffle assembly 1 comprises several baffles, with air ducts formed between adjacent baffles. The inclined structure of the baffle assembly 1, oriented towards the vibrating screen assembly 2, is designed to guide the airflow from the blower. Through this optimized inclination, the airflow is effectively utilized, efficiently transporting lightweight debris such as short straw and small crop leaves generated during harvesting to the straw separator at the end of the vibrating screen assembly 2. This improves cleaning efficiency while ensuring effective separation of debris from the grain.

[0049] At least one partition assembly 1 has an air guiding mechanism 3 on its surface, preferably located at both ends of the partition assembly 1. The air guiding mechanism 3 includes an air guide plate erected on the surface of the partition assembly 1. The air guide plate guides the airflow within the air duct. The air guiding mechanism 3 is connected to the partition assembly 1 via a positioning member and can swing around the positioning member. That is, the swinging of the air guiding mechanism 3 drives the air guide plate to swing, thereby achieving adjustable angle of the air guide plate. This adjustable structural design can control the direction and intensity of airflow during the wind separation process according to the physical characteristics and harvesting requirements of different crops, thereby effectively improving the adaptability and processing efficiency of the wind separation mechanism 1 to various crops.

[0050] For example, when harvesting relatively dry crops such as rice or wheat, dust, straw, and leaf debris accumulate on both sides of the combine harvester frame, resulting in high impurity content in the grains. Furthermore, because the crops are relatively dry, the air separation threshold is relatively low, making it easy for grains to be blown out of the cleaning box by the larger airflow field in the center, causing spillage losses. By adjusting the angle of the air guide mechanism 3 and increasing the opening width along the airflow direction in the center of the air duct, the air velocity on both sides and in the center of the lower air duct becomes stable, effectively solving the problems of high grain impurity content and spillage losses.

[0051] When processing crops like soybeans and corn kernels, the air separation threshold is relatively high, and the debris such as straw and corn husks is relatively large. In this case, by adjusting the air guide mechanism 3 in the reverse direction to reduce the opening width along the airflow direction in the middle of the air duct, the airflow field intensity in the middle of the air duct can be effectively increased. The enhanced airflow field not only provides sufficient wind power to smoothly blow out the larger debris such as straw and corn husks, but also, due to the high air separation threshold of soybeans and corn, even with a significant increase in wind pressure, it will not cause damage or unnecessary losses, thus ensuring efficient and accurate cleaning operations.

[0052] It is worth noting that the critical value of air separation refers to the wind speed at which different components in the selected material can be effectively separated based on their own characteristics (such as density, particle size, shape, etc.).

[0053] More specifically, the air guiding mechanism includes a first air guiding section 31 and a second air guiding section 32. The two ends of the connecting rod 33 are movably connected to the first air guiding section 31 and the second air guiding section 32, respectively, forming a four-bar linkage structure. The first air guiding section 31 is provided with a first air guiding plate 311, and the second air guiding section 32 is provided with a second air guiding plate 321. An air passage is formed between the first air guiding plate 311 and the second air guiding plate 321.

[0054] The first air guide plate 31 is movably connected to the partition assembly 1 through the first positioning member 312. The first air guide plate 31 can swing around the first positioning member 312. The second air guide part 32 is movably connected to the partition assembly 1 through the second positioning member 322. The second air guide part 32 can swing around the second positioning member 322.

[0055] When the first air guide 31 swings around the first positioning member 312, the connecting rod 33 drives the second air guide 32 to swing synchronously around the second positioning member 322, thereby realizing the adjustable angle between the first air guide plate 211 and the second air guide plate 321.

[0056] Preferably, the first air guide plate 311 and the second air guide plate 321 are parallel to each other.

[0057] The first air guide section 31 is provided with a guide rail 313 closed at both ends, and the partition assembly 1 is provided with a first limiting member 34. The guide rail 313 is slidably connected to the first limiting member 34. By fastening a second limiting member (not shown in the figure) that is compatible with the first limiting member 34, the first air guide section 31 is limited, and the angles of the first air guide plate 311 and the second air guide plate 321 are fixed.

[0058] The first limiting member 34 and the second limiting member are preferably bolt assemblies.

[0059] It is worth noting that fixing the first air guide 31 or the second air guide 32 through other means also falls within the protection scope of this application. For example, the connection end between the connecting rod 33 and the first air guide 31 is an adjustable connection (e.g., a bolt assembly). When the first air guide 31 or the second air guide 32 is adjusted to a certain angle, the first air guide 31 is fixed by tightening the connection end between the connecting rod 33 and the first air guide 31, thereby achieving relative fixation of the entire four-bar linkage.

[0060] More specifically, along the height direction of the combine harvester, the baffle assembly 1 includes, from top to bottom, an upper fan volute 11, a second baffle 12, a third baffle 13, and a lower fan volute 14. A first air duct is formed between the upper fan volute 11 and the second baffle 12, a second air duct is formed between the second baffle 12 and the third baffle 13, and a third air duct is formed between the third baffle 13 and the lower fan volute 14.

[0061] The air guiding mechanism 3 is provided on the upper surface of at least one of the second partition 12, the third partition 13, and the lower volute of the fan 14.

[0062] The upper and lower surfaces of the second partition 12 and the third partition 13 located in the middle can be equipped with air guiding mechanisms 3 according to actual needs.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This application discloses a combine harvester whose basic principle is the same as that of Embodiment 1, but the structure of the air guide structure 3 is slightly different. Multiple second air guide sections 32 can be provided, and the connecting rod 33 is movably connected to the first air guide section 31 and the multiple second air guide sections 32 respectively. Similar to Embodiment 1, each second air guide section 32 is movably connected to the partition plate via a second positioning member 322.

[0065] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above illustratively. This description is not restrictive, and the figures shown are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the present invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combine harvester, comprising an air separation mechanism and a vibrating screen assembly (2), characterized in that: The air separation mechanism includes a baffle assembly (1) located on one side of the fan. The baffle assembly (1) is inclined toward the vibrating screen assembly (2). The baffle assembly (1) is used to form several air ducts. The end of the surface of the partition assembly (1) is provided with an air guide mechanism (3), the air guide mechanism (3) includes an air guide plate erected on the surface of the partition assembly (1), the air guide plate is used to guide the airflow in the air duct; The air guide mechanism (3) is movably connected to the partition assembly (1) through a positioning member, and the air guide mechanism (3) can swing around the positioning member.

2. A combine harvester according to claim 1, characterised in that: The surface of the partition assembly (1) is provided with at least one air guiding mechanism (3).

3. A combine harvester according to claim 1, characterised in that: The air guiding mechanism (3) includes a first air guiding part (31) and a second air guiding part (32), and the two ends of the connecting rod (33) are movably connected to the first air guiding part (31) and the second air guiding part (32) respectively.

4. A combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first air guide (31) is movably connected to the partition assembly (1) via the first positioning member (312), and the second air guide (32) is movably connected to the partition assembly (1) via the second positioning member (322); When the first air guide (31) swings around the first positioning member (312), the connecting rod (33) is used to drive the second air guide (32) to swing synchronously around the second positioning member (322).

5. A combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air guide plate is perpendicular to the surface of the partition assembly (1), and the air guide plate includes a first air guide plate (311) and a second air guide plate (321); The first air guide plate (311) is disposed on the first air guide section (31), and the second air guide plate (321) is disposed on the second air guide section (32); an air passage is formed between the first air guide plate (311) and the second air guide plate (321).

6. A combine harvester according to claim 5, characterised in that: The first air guide plate (311) and the second air guide plate (321) are parallel to each other.

7. A combine harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first air guide (31) is provided with a guide rail (313) closed at both ends, and the partition assembly (1) is provided with a first limiting member (34). The guide rail (313) and the first limiting member (34) are slidably connected. The first air guide (31) is limited by fastening a second limiting member that is compatible with the first limiting member (34).

8. A combine harvester according to claim 7, characterised in that: The first limiting member (34) and the second limiting member are bolt assemblies.

9. A combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the height direction of the combine harvester, the partition assembly (1) includes, from top to bottom, an upper fan volute (11), a second partition (12), a third partition (13), and a lower fan volute (14); A first air duct is formed between the upper volute (11) of the fan and the second partition (12); A second air duct is formed between the second partition (12) and the third partition (13); A third air duct is formed between the third partition (13) and the lower volute (14) of the fan.

10. A combine harvester according to claim 9, characterised in that: Along the height direction of the combine harvester, the air guide mechanism (3) can be installed on the upper surface of the second partition (12), the third partition (13) and the lower volute (14) of the fan.

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