High-precision laser cutting device

Abstract

The utility model provides a high-precision laser cutting device which comprises a machine body, a bearing plate is arranged on the machine body, a plurality of adsorption holes penetrating through the bearing plate are formed in the bearing plate, a laser cutting mechanism is arranged above the bearing plate, and an adsorption assembly is arranged below the bearing plate. The adsorption assembly comprises a movable air exhaust box and an air exhaust pump communicating with the air exhaust box, and the upper end face of the air exhaust box abuts against the bearing plate. The laser cutting mechanism comprises a laser emitting head and a cooling and cleaning assembly acting on the laser emitting head, the cooling and cleaning assembly comprises a high-pressure air pipe, and the output direction of the high-pressure air pipe is consistent with the output direction of the laser emitting head. By means of the adsorption holes in the bearing plate and the adsorption assembly below the bearing plate, materials to be machined can be firmly adsorbed to the bearing plate, tiny movement or warping or vibration of the materials in the cutting process is effectively avoided, the cutting precision is remarkably improved, and the cutting device is particularly suitable for thin plates and flexible materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser cutting technology, specifically a high-precision laser cutting device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting technology, as a non-contact thermal cutting method, has been widely used in various industries such as metal processing, electronics manufacturing, textiles, and advertising due to its high energy density, high efficiency, and adaptability to a variety of materials. However, with the increasing demands for product precision in industrial manufacturing, traditional laser cutting technology still faces many challenges in achieving extremely high precision.

[0003] Existing laser cutting equipment typically places the material to be processed on a support platform and then uses a laser beam to cut along a preset path. In this process, precise positioning and fixation of the material are key factors affecting the final cutting accuracy. Traditional mechanical clamping or methods relying on the material's own weight for positioning often fail to ensure the material remains perfectly still throughout the cutting process, especially when dealing with thin plates, flexible materials, or cutting complex shapes. The material may experience slight movement, warping, or vibration, leading to rough cut edges, dimensional deviations, or even scrap. Furthermore, dust and splatter generated during cutting can easily adhere to the optical lenses of the laser head, affecting the focusing effect and energy distribution of the laser beam, thus reducing cutting accuracy and consistency, and potentially damaging optical components. Simultaneously, the laser emitter generates a significant amount of heat during prolonged operation or high-power operation. Poor heat dissipation not only affects the laser's performance and stability but may also cause the focusing lens to overheat, leading to thermal deformation and further impacting cutting accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision laser cutting device, which aims to solve the problems of unstable material positioning, the impact of cutting smoke and spatter on cutting accuracy, and poor heat dissipation of the laser head in the existing technology, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of laser cutting.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a high-precision laser cutting device, comprising a body, a support plate on the body, a plurality of through-holes on the support plate, a laser cutting mechanism above the support plate, and an adsorption assembly below the support plate. The adsorption assembly includes a movable suction box and a suction pump connected to the suction box, the upper end face of the suction box abutting against the support plate. The laser cutting mechanism includes a laser emitting head and a cooling and cleaning assembly acting on the laser emitting head. The cooling and cleaning assembly includes a high-pressure air pipe, the output direction of which is consistent with the output direction of the laser emitting head.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the cooling and cleaning assembly further includes a telescopic and rotatable movable rod, the lower end of which is connected to a cleaning sleeve that acts on the laser emitter. A rotatable cleaning brush ring is disposed within the cleaning sleeve. By extending and rotating the movable rod, and rotating the cleaning brush ring, the optical lenses of the laser emitter can be easily cleaned, removing adhering dust and impurities.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, a drive ring is fitted onto the outer side of the movable rod, and the drive ring has a spiral groove. The cooling and cleaning assembly also includes a drive cylinder, inside which a roller is fixed, and the roller abuts against the spiral groove. This structure allows the drive ring to generate a spiral motion through the rotation of the drive cylinder, thereby realizing the extension and retraction of the movable rod. The structure is simple and the transmission is reliable.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the machine body is further provided with a cleaning brush plate that can move along the length of the machine body, and the cleaning brush plate has bristles on the side facing the support plate. This cleaning brush plate can clean the residue on the surface of the support plate after the cutting task is completed or when needed, keeping the worktable clean.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the machine body is provided with a guide rail that is slidably connected to the cleaning brush plate. The cleaning brush plate includes a drive motor, and a drive gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor. A rack that meshes with the drive gear is fixed on the machine body. By driving the meshing of the motor-driven gear and the rack, the automatic reciprocating movement of the cleaning brush plate can be realized, thereby improving cleaning efficiency.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the extraction box is connected to a first receiving tube and a second receiving tube coaxially arranged with the first receiving tube. A radially penetrating flow hole is formed on the side wall of the second receiving tube. This design facilitates the initial separation and filtration of inhaled gas and impurities.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a filter element is disposed inside the first receiving tube, and a filter screen is disposed at the bottom end of the second receiving tube. The filter element and filter screen can effectively filter inhaled smoke and particulate matter, preventing them from entering the suction pump and damaging the equipment, and purifying the discharged gas.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the laser cutting mechanism includes an X-axis moving frame and a Y-axis moving frame, with the laser emitter fixed to the movable end of the Y-axis moving frame. Through the cooperation of the X-axis and Y-axis moving frames, precise movement of the laser emitter within a two-dimensional plane can be achieved, thereby completing the cutting of complex paths.

[0013] The vacuum pump, connected to the vacuum box, evacuates air from the space beneath the support plate. Adsorption holes on the support plate allow the material to be processed to be firmly adsorbed onto its surface under negative pressure. This adsorption method avoids material deformation or damage that can occur with traditional mechanical clamping, and is particularly effective for securing thin plates and flexible materials, ensuring material stability during cutting and providing a foundation for high-precision cutting. Simultaneously, the vacuum pump also draws away fumes and fine particles generated during cutting from below the cutting area, reducing the possibility of these contaminants spreading upwards and contaminating the laser head's optical lenses, as well as affecting the operator's vision.

[0014] The high-pressure gas pipe's output direction is consistent with the laser output direction of the laser emitter, and it is typically located in the nozzle section of the laser head. During laser cutting, the high-pressure gas pipe ejects high-pressure gas. This high-pressure gas flow effectively cools the laser emitter and its optical lenses, preventing excessive temperatures caused by prolonged operation or high-power operation from affecting their performance and lifespan, and reducing focus drift caused by lens thermal deformation. Secondly, the high-pressure gas flow quickly disperses and removes molten material, vapors, residues, and fumes generated in the cutting area, preventing these substances from re-adhering to the cut edge or below, ensuring a smooth and clean cutting edge, and avoiding obstruction of the cutting path.

[0015] High-pressure air blows fumes, spatter, and molten residue generated during cutting downwards from the cutting focal area through a high-pressure air tube above the laser head. Meanwhile, a suction pump beneath the support plate generates strong suction through suction holes, rapidly drawing these dispersed contaminants into a suction box for filtration. This coordinated upward blowing and downward suction creates a highly efficient contaminant removal flow field, minimizing the residence time of fumes and residue in the cutting area. This prevents interference with the laser beam, contamination of optical lenses, and secondary contamination of the workpiece surface, thus ensuring a clear cutting path and high-quality cutting edges.

[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Through the adsorption holes on the support plate and the adsorption components below, the material to be processed can be firmly adsorbed onto the support plate, effectively avoiding minor movement, warping or vibration of the material during the cutting process, significantly improving the cutting accuracy, especially suitable for thin plates and flexible materials.

[0018] 2. By setting up a high-pressure gas pipe that is aligned with the output direction of the laser emitter, high-pressure gas can be sprayed into the cutting area while cutting, effectively blowing away and removing smoke, splatter, and molten residue generated during cutting, protecting the laser head's optical lenses from contamination, maintaining the focusing effect and energy distribution of the laser beam, ensuring cutting quality and precision, and extending the service life of optical components.

[0019] 3. The gas ejected from the high-pressure gas pipe simultaneously cools the laser emitter, effectively reducing the heat generated by the laser emitter during long-term operation or high-power operation, ensuring the performance and stability of the laser, preventing thermal deformation of the focusing lens due to temperature rise, and further ensuring cutting accuracy.

[0020] 4. The combined action of the air pump and the high-pressure air pipe creates an airflow circulation that blows upwards and draws downwards, more effectively removing cutting residue and dust from the working area. This not only dissipates heat from the laser emitter but also removes cutting obstacles, providing dual protection for improved cutting accuracy and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part A.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0026] 1. Organism;

[0027] 11. Support plate; 111. Adsorption holes;

[0028] 2. Laser cutting mechanism;

[0029] 21. Laser emitter; 22. High-pressure air hose; 23. Movable rod;

[0030] 24. Cleaning sleeve; 241. Cleaning brush ring;

[0031] 25. Drive ring; 251. Spiral groove;

[0032] 26. Drive cylinder; 261. Roller;

[0033] 27. X-axis moving frame; 28. Y-axis moving frame;

[0034] 31. Vacuum box; 32. First receiving tube; 33. Second receiving tube; 34. Flow hole; 35. Filter element; 36. Filter screen;

[0035] 4. Cleaning brush plate; 41. Guide rail; 42. Gear rack. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product.

[0037] It will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings. The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0038] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a high-precision laser cutting device includes a body 1. A support plate 11 is horizontally arranged on the body 1, and a plurality of suction holes 111 penetrating its thickness are evenly opened on the support plate 11. A laser cutting mechanism 2 is arranged above the support plate 11 for cutting the material to be processed. An suction assembly 3 is arranged below the support plate 11.

[0039] The adsorption assembly 3 includes a suction box 31 movable below the support plate 11 and a suction pump connected to the suction box 31 via a pipe. The upper end face of the suction box 31 abuts tightly against the lower surface of the support plate 11, forming one or more negative pressure areas. When the suction pump operates, it generates a downward adsorption force on the material to be processed through the suction box 31 and the adsorption holes 111 on the support plate 11, firmly positioning it on the support plate 11. The suction box 31 is designed to be movable, allowing its position to be adjusted according to changes in the processing area to achieve effective adsorption of materials of different sizes.

[0040] The laser cutting mechanism 2 includes a laser emitting head 21 and a cooling and cleaning assembly 22 acting on the laser emitting head 21. The laser emitting head 21 is used to generate a high-energy laser beam. The cooling and cleaning assembly 22 includes at least one high-pressure gas pipe 22, the output port of which faces the laser output end of the laser emitting head 21, and its gas output direction is substantially consistent with or at a slight angle to the laser beam output direction of the laser emitting head 21, pointing towards the cutting point. The high-pressure gas pipe 22 is connected to a high-pressure gas source, and during the cutting process, the high-pressure gas pipe 22 sprays high-pressure gas into the laser cutting area and the front end of the laser emitting head 21.

[0041] When the laser cutting device is working, the material to be processed is placed on the support plate 11. The vacuum pump is activated, applying adsorption force to the material through the vacuum box 31 and the adsorption hole 111 to ensure the material remains stable throughout the cutting process. The laser emitting head 21 emits a laser beam along a preset path for cutting. At the same time, high-pressure gas is ejected from the high-pressure gas pipe 22. This gas flow acts directly on the vicinity of the front optical lens of the laser emitting head 21 to prevent the dust and splatter generated during cutting from adhering and to carry away the heat generated by the laser emitting head 21 during operation, thus providing a cooling effect. On the other hand, this high-pressure gas flow blows directly towards the cutting point, quickly blowing away the molten metal, slag, dust, etc. generated during the cutting process from the kerf to prevent their accumulation from affecting the cutting quality or contaminating the workpiece. Some of the dust and fine particles blown downwards by the high-pressure gas are sucked into the vacuum box 31 by the vacuum pump through the adsorption hole 111 of the support plate 11, thereby achieving efficient dust removal and slag discharge. This synergistic effect not only keeps the laser emitter 21 clean and provides good heat dissipation, ensuring the quality and focus of the laser beam, but also ensures the cleanliness of the cutting area, reducing cutting defects and thus significantly improving the precision and edge quality of laser cutting.

[0042] The cooling and cleaning assembly 22 can be further optimized. The cooling and cleaning assembly 22 also includes a telescopic and rotatable moving rod 23, the lower end of which is connected to a cleaning sleeve 24 that acts on the optical lens area of ​​the laser emitter 21. A rotatable cleaning brush ring 241 is disposed inside the cleaning sleeve 24. A drive ring 25 can be fitted onto the outer side of the moving rod 23, and the drive ring 25 has a spiral groove 251. The cooling and cleaning assembly 22 also includes a drive cylinder 26, the inner wall of which is fixed with rollers 261, which abut against the spiral groove 251 on the drive ring 25. When it is necessary to clean the lens of the laser emitter 21, the laser emitter 21 stops working, and the moving rod 23 is driven downward by a cylinder. Simultaneously, under the action of the drive cylinder 26, the moving rod 23 rotates, causing the cleaning sleeve 24 to rotate to the position of the laser emitter 21. The cleaning brush ring 241 begins to rotate under the pneumatic power of the high-pressure air pipe 22, thus automating the cleaning action.

[0043] The machine body 1 may also be equipped with a cleaning brush plate 4 that can move along the length of the machine body 1. The cleaning brush plate 4 has wear-resistant bristles 41 on the side facing the support plate 11. The machine body 1 is correspondingly provided with a guide rail 41 that is slidably connected to the cleaning brush plate 4. A drive motor 52 is mounted on the cleaning brush plate 4, and a drive gear 53 is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 52. A rack 42 that meshes with the drive gear 53 is fixed on the machine body 1 along the moving path of the cleaning brush plate 4. During the interval or after the cutting task is completed, the drive motor 52 can be started to drive the cleaning brush plate 4 to move along the guide rail 41 to clean the larger cutting waste particles remaining on the surface of the support plate 11.

[0044] To better handle inhaled contaminants, the extraction box 31 can be further designed. The extraction box 31 can be connected to a first receiving tube 32 and a second receiving tube 33 coaxially arranged with the first receiving tube 32. A flow hole 34 extending radially through the side wall of the second receiving tube 33 is provided. A filter element 35 can be installed inside the first receiving tube 32 to filter finer dust particles. A filter screen 36 can be installed at the bottom end of the second receiving tube 33 to intercept larger particles. Through this multi-stage filtration structure, waste and fumes generated during cutting can be effectively separated and collected, protecting the extraction pump and resulting in cleaner exhaust gas.

[0045] The laser cutting mechanism 2 typically includes an X-axis moving frame 27 and a Y-axis moving frame 28. The laser emitter 21 is fixed to the movable end of the Y-axis moving frame 28, while the Y-axis moving frame is mounted on the X-axis moving frame 27. By controlling the servo motors of the X-axis and Y-axis moving frames 28, the laser emitter 21 can be driven to move precisely along any preset trajectory in the XY plane above the support plate 11, thereby achieving high-precision cutting of various complex shapes.

[0046] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating this utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-precision laser cutting apparatus comprising a machine body, characterized in that, The machine body is provided with a support plate, and the support plate has a plurality of through-holes for adsorption. A laser cutting mechanism is provided above the support plate, and an adsorption assembly is provided below the support plate. The adsorption assembly includes a movable air extraction box and an air extraction pump connected to the air extraction box. The upper end face of the air extraction box abuts against the support plate. The laser cutting mechanism includes a laser emitting head and a cooling and cleaning assembly that acts on the laser emitting head. The cooling and cleaning assembly includes a high-pressure air pipe, and the output direction of the high-pressure air pipe is consistent with the output direction of the laser emitting head.

2. The high-precision laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The cooling and cleaning assembly also includes a telescopic and rotatable movable rod, the lower end of which is connected to a cleaning sleeve that acts on the laser emitter head, and a rotatable cleaning brush ring is provided inside the cleaning sleeve.

3. The high precision laser cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that A drive ring is fitted on the outside of the moving rod, and a spiral groove is formed on the drive ring. The cooling and cleaning assembly also includes a drive cylinder, in which a roller is fixed and abuts against the spiral groove.

4. The high-precision laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The machine body is also provided with a cleaning brush plate that can move along the length of the machine body, and the cleaning brush plate has bristles on the side facing the support plate.

5. The high precision laser cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that The machine body is provided with a guide rail that is slidably connected to the cleaning brush plate. The cleaning brush plate includes a drive motor. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a drive gear. The machine body is fixed with a rack that meshes with the drive gear.

6. The high precision laser cutting device according to claim 1, wherein, The air extraction box is connected to a first receiving tube and a second receiving tube coaxially arranged with the first receiving tube. A flow hole is provided on the side wall of the second receiving tube, which passes through it radially.

7. A high precision laser cutting device according to claim 6, characterized in that The first receiving tube is equipped with a filter element, and the bottom end of the second receiving tube is equipped with a filter screen.

8. The high precision laser cutting device according to claim 1, wherein, The laser cutting mechanism includes an X-axis moving frame and a Y-axis moving frame, and the laser emitting head is fixed to the movable end of the Y-axis moving frame.

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