Brake structure, brake system and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model provides a brake structure, a brake system and a vehicle, the brake structure is applied to a hub motor, the hub motor comprises a rotor shell, the brake structure and the rotor shell are coaxially arranged, the brake structure comprises a heat dissipation frame and a brake disc, and the heat dissipation frame and the brake disc are connected to form a heat dissipation gap arranged in the circumferential direction; the end, away from the brake disc, of the cooling frame is connected with the rotor shell. The brake structure can achieve a good heat dissipation effect, reduces conduction of heat of the brake disc to the hub motor, and improves the working performance of the hub motor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of vehicle braking system technology, and in particular to a braking structure, braking system, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The braking system of a vehicle is a key component to ensure driving safety. The braking system includes the brake and the brake disc. When the vehicle brakes, the brake generates a clamping force to cause the friction pads and the brake disc to rub against each other and generate braking force, thereby slowing down or stopping the vehicle.

[0003] Currently, in-wheel motors are widely used in vehicles to directly drive the wheels. The brakes are installed near the in-wheel motors, and the braking system directly transfers frictional heat to the in-wheel motors during braking, affecting the performance of the in-wheel motors. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to solve the aforementioned technical problems by providing a braking structure, braking system, and vehicle, thereby achieving good heat dissipation, reducing heat transfer from the brake disc to the hub motor, and improving the working performance of the hub motor. To achieve the above objective, the technical solution of this application is as follows:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a braking structure applied to a hub motor. The hub motor includes a rotor housing, and the braking structure is coaxially arranged with the rotor housing. The braking structure includes a heat sink and a brake disc. The heat sink and the brake disc are connected to form a heat dissipation gap arranged in the circumferential direction, and the end of the heat sink away from the brake disc is connected to the rotor housing.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the heat sink includes a first support portion arranged at intervals along the circumference, and the brake disc includes a second support portion arranged at intervals along the circumference, with the first support portion abutting against the second support portion.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the heat sink further includes a heat sink ring, a first support portion is disposed on the heat sink ring and extends axially, and a first opening is formed between adjacent first support portions.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the brake disc further includes a brake ring, a second support portion disposed on the brake ring and extending radially outward, and a second opening being formed between adjacent second support portions.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the first opening and the second opening are configured to form a heat dissipation gap.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the outer diameter of the heat dissipation ring is the same as the outer diameter of the rotor housing, and the outer diameter of the brake ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the heat dissipation ring.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the bottom surface of the first support is connected to the heat dissipation ring, and the area of ​​the bottom surface of the first support is larger than the area of ​​the top surface of the first support; the bottom surface of the second support is connected to the brake ring, and the area of ​​the bottom surface of the second support is larger than the area of ​​the top surface of the second support.

[0012] Secondly, this application provides a braking system including the above-mentioned braking structure. The braking system also includes a brake, which is configured to be connected to a steering knuckle. The brake is located radially inside the brake disc and is in movable contact with the brake disc.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a hub bearing that penetrates the braking structure is provided between the steering knuckle and the rotor housing, and the rotor housing is rotatably mounted relative to the steering knuckle via the hub bearing.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides a vehicle including the aforementioned braking structure or braking system.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the braking structure, braking system, and vehicle of this application are mainly reflected in:

[0016] Because the brake disc transfers heat to the rotor housing through friction, a heat dissipation gap is formed by connecting the heat dissipation frame to the brake disc. During the synchronous rotation of the brake structure and the rotor housing, the heat dissipation gap forms an air duct, which effectively carries away the heat inside the brake structure and the rotor housing, thereby achieving an effective cooling effect. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 An exploded view of a braking system provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shown illustrates the assembly of the rotor housing and braking structure in one embodiment.

[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of the heat sink in one embodiment.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural enlargement of the brake disc in one embodiment.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a structural schematic of one embodiment of the brake.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] Rotor housing 1;

[0024] Heat sink 2, first support part 21, first fixing surface 211, first supporting surface 212, heat sink ring 22, first mounting part 23;

[0025] Brake disc 3, second support part 31, second fixing surface 311, second support surface 312, brake ring 32, second mounting part 33;

[0026] Heat dissipation gap 4, first opening 41, second opening 42;

[0027] Brake 5, friction pad 51;

[0028] Steering knuckle 6;

[0029] 7. Wheel hub bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] This embodiment provides a braking structure applied to a hub motor. The hub motor includes a rotor housing 1. Since the brake 5 in the braking system is close to the wheel hub and has a braking function, it generates heat to the hub motor when the braking system is working. If the temperature is too high during braking, it will affect the performance of the hub motor. To avoid the impact of excessively high operating temperature of the braking system on the performance of the hub motor, effective heat dissipation of the hub motor is required. This involves optimizing the design of the rotor housing 1 near the braking system to improve the effective heat dissipation of the braking structure. A detailed explanation follows.

[0033] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the braking structure is coaxially arranged with the rotor housing 1, and the central axis of the braking structure is collinear with the central axis of the rotor housing 1. The hub motor drives the hub to rotate, and the rotor housing 1 rotates itself, thereby driving the braking structure to rotate synchronously.

[0034] The braking structure includes a heat sink 2 and a brake disc 3. The heat sink 2 and the brake disc 3 are connected to form a heat dissipation gap 4 arranged circumferentially. The end of the heat sink 2 away from the brake disc 3 is connected to the rotor housing 1. Specifically, one end of the heat sink 2 along the axial direction is connected to the rotor housing 1, and the other end of the heat sink 2 along the axial direction is connected to the brake disc 3.

[0035] The brake disc 3 is movably connected to the brake 5 so that the brake 5 can apply friction braking to the brake disc 3 during rotation. The brake disc 3 transfers heat to the rotor housing 1 through friction. A heat dissipation gap 4 is formed by connecting the heat dissipation bracket 2 to the brake disc 3. During the synchronous rotation of the braking structure and the rotor housing 1, the heat dissipation gap 4 forms an air duct, which effectively carries away the heat inside the braking structure and the rotor housing 1, thereby achieving an effective cooling effect.

[0036] In some embodiments, the heat sink 2 includes a first support portion 21 arranged circumferentially, and the brake disc 3 includes a second support portion 31 arranged circumferentially, with the first support portion 21 and the second support portion 31 abutting against each other.

[0037] The first support part 21 is arranged at intervals along the circumference, and the second support part 31 is arranged at intervals along the circumference. When the first support part 21 and the second support part 31 abut against each other, compared with the method of the heat sink 2 and the brake disc 3 being fixed in contact as a whole, the contact area is effectively reduced, thereby reducing the heat transfer from the brake structure to the rotor housing 1 and further achieving the cooling effect.

[0038] In some embodiments, the heat sink 2 further includes a heat sink ring 22, a first support portion 21 is disposed on the heat sink ring 22 and extends axially, and a first opening 41 is formed between adjacent first support portions 21.

[0039] The outer diameter of the heat dissipation ring 22 is the same as the outer diameter of the rotor housing 1, and the inner diameter of the heat dissipation ring 22 is also the same as the inner diameter of the rotor housing 1, so that the heat dissipation ring 22 is adapted to the rotor housing 1. The heat dissipation ring 22 does not occupy the internal space of the rotor housing 1. The heat dissipation ring 22 is fixed to the rotor housing 1. The connection method between the heat dissipation ring 22 and the rotor housing 1 can be screwed, riveted, glued or welded, etc. In this embodiment, the axial end face of the heat dissipation ring 22 and the rotor housing 1 is fixed by the first mounting member 23. Specifically, the first opening 41 is provided with a first mounting hole that passes through the heat dissipation ring 22 axially. The first mounting member 23 passes through the first mounting hole and is fixed to the end face of the rotor housing 1. The first mounting member 23 can be a screw to maintain the connection stability between the overall heat dissipation frame 2 and the rotor housing 1.

[0040] In some embodiments, the brake disc 3 further includes a brake ring 32, a second support portion 31 disposed on the brake ring 32 and extending radially outward, and a second opening 42 is formed between adjacent second support portions 31.

[0041] The outer diameter of the brake ring 32 is smaller than that of the heat dissipation ring 22 to facilitate the connection and cooperation between the second support part 31 and the first support part 21. Correspondingly, the inner diameter of the brake ring 32 is also smaller than that of the heat dissipation ring 22. The brake ring 32 needs to be in frictional cooperation with the brake 5. The size of the brake ring 32 is adapted to the size of the brake 5 to achieve the braking effect.

[0042] The second support portion 31 can be disposed on the outer periphery of the brake ring 32, i.e., radially outward of the brake ring 32; it can also be disposed on one end face of the brake ring 32 along the axial direction, or on the other end face of the brake ring 32 along the axial direction. In order to effectively avoid the installation position of the brake 5 and to make the brake 5 and the brake ring 32 have an effective friction contact surface, in this embodiment, the second support portion 31 is disposed on the outer periphery of the brake ring 32, and the second support portion 31 extends radially outward. In order to achieve the connection stability between the second support portion 31 and the first support portion 21, a second mounting hole is provided on the second support portion 31, and a third mounting hole is provided on the rotor housing 1. The second mounting hole and the third mounting hole are axially aligned. The second support portion 31 passes through the second mounting member 33 into the second mounting hole and the third mounting hole and is fixed to the first support portion 21 and the rotor housing 1; or a blind hole is provided on the first support portion 21, and the second mounting hole and the blind hole are axially aligned, so that the second support portion 31 passes through the second mounting member 33 into the second mounting hole and the blind hole and is fixed to the first support portion 21. Understandably, the second support 31 is more securely fixed to the first support 21 and the rotor housing 1 by the second mounting member 33.

[0043] In some embodiments, one end face of the second support portion 31 along the axial direction is abutted and fixed to the other end face of the second support portion 31 along the axial direction, so that the first opening 41 and the second opening 42 are correspondingly provided to form a heat dissipation gap 4.

[0044] The number of first support parts 21 and the number of second support parts 31 can be the same, and the first support parts 21 and the second support parts 31 are connected in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0045] In some embodiments, the second support portion 31 may also be disposed on the brake ring 32 and extend axially, with the first support portion 21 having a similar structure to the second support portion 31; a second opening 42 can still be formed between adjacent second support portions 31, and the first opening 41 and the second opening 42 form a heat dissipation gap 4. The axially extending structure of the second support portion 31 forms a smaller airflow channel heat dissipation gap 4 with the first support portion 21; while compared to the structure where the second support portion 31 extends radially outward, a larger airflow channel heat dissipation gap 4 can be obtained. Although both can form a heat dissipation gap 4, the structure where the second support portion 31 extends radially outward obviously has a better heat dissipation effect.

[0046] In some embodiments, the bottom surface of the first support portion 21 is connected to the heat dissipation ring 22, and the area of ​​the bottom surface of the first support portion 21 is larger than the area of ​​the top surface of the first support portion 21; the bottom surface of the second support portion 31 is connected to the brake ring 32, and the area of ​​the bottom surface of the second support portion 31 is larger than the area of ​​the top surface of the second support portion 31.

[0047] Specifically, the first support portion 21 includes a first fixing surface 211 and a first supporting surface 212, which are arranged opposite each other along the axial direction. The first fixing surface 211 is connected to the heat dissipation ring 22, and the connection can be integral. The first supporting surface 212 is positioned towards the brake disc 3. The first fixing surface 211 is the bottom surface of the first support portion 21, and the first supporting surface 212 is the top surface of the first support portion 21.

[0048] The area of ​​the first fixed surface 211 is larger than the area of ​​the first supporting surface 212. The first supporting part 21 can be trapezoidal to provide better support strength when connected to the heat dissipation ring 22. When the braking structure rotates, the first supporting part 21 is less prone to deformation. The area of ​​the first supporting surface 212 is smaller than that of the first fixed surface 211, which also reduces the contact area with the second supporting part 31 and reduces heat transfer.

[0049] The second support portion 31 includes a second fixing surface 311 and a second support surface 312, which are arranged radially opposite to each other. The second fixing surface 311 is connected to the brake ring 32, and the connection can be integral. The second support surface 312 is disposed away from the brake disc 3. The second fixing surface 311 is the bottom surface of the second support portion 31, and the second support surface 312 is the top surface of the second support portion 31.

[0050] The area of ​​the second fixing surface 311 is larger than the area of ​​the second supporting surface 312, and the second supporting part 31 can be trapezoidal. Correspondingly, the structure of the second supporting part 31 is the same as that of the first supporting part 21, and the second supporting part 31 can also cooperate with the first supporting part 21 to achieve the heat dissipation effect.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] This embodiment provides a braking system including the braking structure in the above embodiment. The braking system also includes a brake 5, which is configured to be connected to a steering knuckle 6. The brake 5 is located on the radial inner side of the brake disc 3 and is movably in contact with the brake disc 3.

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, a hub bearing 7 that penetrates the braking structure is provided between the steering knuckle 6 and the rotor housing 1, and the rotor housing 1 is rotatably mounted relative to the steering knuckle 6 via the hub bearing 7.

[0054] The outer ring of the hub bearing 7 is detachably connected to the steering knuckle 6, and the inner ring of the hub bearing 7 is detachably connected to the rotor housing 1. The inner ring of the hub bearing 7 is the rotating end, and the outer ring is the fixed end, thus enabling the rotor housing 1 to rotate relative to the steering knuckle 6. Since the braking structure is connected to the rotor housing 1, the braking structure rotates together with the rotor housing 1. During rotation, the brake 5 brakes against the brake disc 3 through friction. The generated braking heat is dissipated through the heat dissipation gap 4 between the brake disc 3 and the heat sink 2, effectively reducing the temperature transferred to the rotor housing 1 and minimizing the impact on the performance of the hub motor.

[0055] In this embodiment, the brake 5 is a brake caliper. The main body of the brake caliper is located radially inside the brake disc 3, and the caliper jaws face the brake disc 3. The brake caliper has a set of friction pads 51 that are relatively open and closed. The set of friction pads 51 movably clamps the brake ring 32. The friction pads 51 can be isosceles trapezoidal structures, with the upper base of the isosceles trapezoidal structure close to the inner circumference of the brake ring 32 and the lower base close to the outer circumference of the brake ring 32. Since the brake 5 is located radially inside the brake disc 3, it avoids placing the brake 5 radially outside the brake disc 3. The outer diameter of the brake disc 3 can be adaptively increased within the limited internal space of the rotor housing 1. The outer diameter of the brake ring 32 can be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the rotor housing 1, so that the brake 5 and the brake ring 32 have a larger contact area, improving the braking force of the braking system, while avoiding the brake 5 occupying the space on the radially outer side of the brake disc 3.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment provides a vehicle including the braking structure or braking system described in the above embodiments. The vehicle possesses the beneficial effects of the aforementioned braking structure or braking system, which will not be elaborated further here.

[0058] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "axis", "axial", "radial", "end face", "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0059] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "joined," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for communication; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; or a connection within two elements or an interaction between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0060] Although preferred embodiments of this application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of this application.

[0061] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A brake structure applied to an in-wheel motor, the in-wheel motor comprising a rotor housing (1), characterized in that: The braking structure is coaxially arranged with the rotor housing (1). The braking structure includes a heat sink (2) and a brake disc (3). The heat sink (2) and the brake disc (3) are connected to form a heat dissipation gap (4) arranged in the circumferential direction. One end of the heat sink (2) away from the brake disc (3) is connected to the rotor housing (1).

2. The brake structure according to claim 1, characterized by: The heat sink (2) includes a first support portion (21) arranged at intervals along the circumference, and the brake disc (3) includes a second support portion (31) arranged at intervals along the circumference, with the first support portion (21) and the second support portion (31) abutting against each other.

3. The braking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heat sink (2) further includes a heat sink ring (22), the first support (21) is disposed on the heat sink ring (22) and extends axially, and a first opening (41) is formed between adjacent first support (21).

4. The brake structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The brake disc (3) also includes a brake ring (32), and the second support portion (31) is disposed on the brake ring (32) and extends radially outward, forming a second opening (42) between adjacent second support portions (31).

5. The brake structure of claim 4, wherein: The first opening (41) and the second opening (42) are respectively configured to form the heat dissipation gap (4).

6. The brake structure of claim 4, wherein: The outer diameter of the heat dissipation ring (22) is the same as the outer diameter of the rotor housing (1), and the outer diameter of the brake ring (32) is smaller than the outer diameter of the heat dissipation ring (22).

7. The brake structure of claim 4, wherein: The bottom surface of the first support part (21) is connected to the heat dissipation ring (22), and the area of ​​the bottom surface of the first support part (21) is greater than the area of ​​the top surface of the first support part (21); the bottom surface of the second support part (31) is connected to the brake ring (32), and the area of ​​the bottom surface of the second support part (31) is greater than the area of ​​the top surface of the second support part (31).

8. A brake system characterized by: The braking system includes the braking structure as described in any one of claims 1-7, and further includes a brake (5) configured to be connected to a steering knuckle (6), the brake (5) being located radially inside the brake disc (3) and movably abutting against the brake disc (3).

9. The brake system of claim 8, wherein: A hub bearing (7) that penetrates the braking structure is provided between the steering knuckle (6) and the rotor housing (1), and the rotor housing (1) is rotatably disposed relative to the steering knuckle (6) via the hub bearing (7).

10. A vehicle characterized by: Includes the braking structure as described in any one of claims 1-7 or the braking system as described in any one of claims 8-9.

Images