Soft carbon material high-temperature carbonization device

Abstract

A soft carbon material high-temperature carbonization device comprises a furnace body and an inner container, a layered structure is arranged at the center position in the inner container, stirring structures are arranged at the two ends, close to the inner wall of the inner container, of the layered structure, and a heat storage assembly is arranged between the furnace body and the inner container and comprises a heat storage box; a heat insulation layer is arranged among the furnace body, the inner container and the heat storage assembly. According to the high-temperature carbonization device for the soft carbon material provided by the utility model, the soft carbon material is subjected to central layered heating and peripheral heating in the inner container by arranging the layered structure, so that the temperature is rapidly increased to a preset temperature, and the heating and temperature rise are more uniform by arranging the stirring structures on the left side and the right side of the layered structure; and finally, heat of exhausted gas is collected through the heat storage assembly, and heat waste is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbonization furnaces, and more specifically, to a high-temperature carbonization apparatus for soft carbon materials. Background Technology

[0002] Soft carbon, commonly known as easily graphitized carbon material, is an amorphous carbon material that can be graphitized below 2000℃. It has low crystallinity, large interlayer spacing, high reversible specific capacity, and good compatibility with electrolytes. In industry, soft carbon is used as the negative electrode material in lithium battery processing, and it has better stable internal cycle performance.

[0003] Early research results indicate that the microstructure of carbon materials is significantly influenced by the carbonization temperature of the precursor. Specifically, as the carbonization temperature increases, soft carbon gradually exhibits three structurally dominant stages: amorphous structure, disordered layer structure, and graphitized structure.

[0004] During the stage where the disordered layer structure is dominant, i.e., when the carbonization temperature is between 1300°C and 1500°C, soft carbon mainly exhibits a disordered layer structure, with significantly reduced porosity and specific surface area, while the interlayer spacing remains constant due to the escape of heteroatoms. As the carbonization temperature increases, the transition rate from amorphous to graphitized structure decreases, and the specific surface area decreases significantly with decreasing carbonization temperature. Soft carbon exhibits a gradually increasing proportion of lithium intercalation reactions during lithium storage, while also possessing high reversible capacity and rate performance, with a coulombic efficiency >70%, making it suitable for use as a fast-charging anode. Furthermore, within this temperature range, the initial coulombic efficiency is highly dependent on specific surface area and significantly affects reaction kinetics. Therefore, precise control of the carbonization temperature is necessary to improve coulombic efficiency and avoid electrode passivation, which would lead to a decrease in rate performance.

[0005] Traditionally, high-temperature carbonization of soft carbon is carried out in a high-temperature carbonization furnace. However, in traditional high-temperature carbonization, a large amount of material is often introduced into the furnace at one time, which prevents the soft carbon material inside the furnace from heating up to the preset temperature evenly and quickly.

[0006] Therefore, the existing technology has problems and needs further improvement and development. Summary of the Invention

[0007] (I) Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-temperature carbonization device for soft carbon materials.

[0008] (II) Technical Solution: In order to solve the above technical problems, this technical solution provides a high-temperature carbonization device for soft carbon materials, including a furnace body and an inner liner. A layered structure is provided at the center of the inner liner, and a stirring structure is provided on both sides of the layered structure near the inner wall of the inner liner. A heat storage component is provided between the furnace body and the inner liner, and the heat storage component includes a heat storage box.

[0009] A heat insulation layer is provided between the furnace body, the inner liner, and the heat storage component;

[0010] The layered structure includes a layered partition, a central tube, and a graphite rod. The central tube is located at the center of the inner liner. The layered partition is inclined and fixed on the central tube. The graphite rod is located at one end of the layered partition near the bottom of the inner liner and is arranged around the central tube. The stirring structure includes a drive assembly and a comb-shaped stirring rod. The drive assembly is located at the top of the furnace body, and the comb-shaped stirring rod is located inside the inner liner.

[0011] Furthermore, a feed inlet is provided at the top of the furnace body, and a first sealing cap is provided at the end of the feed inlet away from the inner liner; a discharge outlet is provided on the side of the furnace body near the bottom of the furnace body, and a second sealing cap is provided at the end of the discharge outlet away from the inner liner.

[0012] Furthermore, the layered partition has an angle α with the horizontal surface, and the angle α ranges from 40° to 60°; one end of the graphite rod is fixed to the edge of the layered partition, and the other end is fixed to the central tube.

[0013] Furthermore, the comb-shaped stirring rod includes two sets: a first comb-shaped stirring rod and a second comb-shaped stirring rod. The first comb-shaped stirring rod and the second comb-shaped stirring rod are arranged opposite each other, and the first comb-shaped stirring rod and the second comb-shaped stirring rod have the same structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the second comb-shaped stirring rod includes a stirring handle and stirring teeth. The stirring teeth are fixed to one end of the stirring handle near the central tube. The stirring teeth are staggered with the layered partition and have an inclined angle towards the bottom.

[0015] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a motor, a rotating shaft, and a horizontal connecting rod. The motor is located at the center of the top of the furnace body and is connected to the rotating shaft. The horizontal connecting rod is located in the inner liner. The end of the rotating shaft away from the motor is connected to the center of the horizontal connecting rod. Two comb-shaped stirring rods perpendicular to the horizontal connecting rod are connected to both ends of the horizontal connecting rod. The rotating shaft and the central tube are both on the central axis of the inner liner.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat storage component also includes a connecting pipe, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the internal space of the inner liner and the other end is connected to the cavity of the heat storage box. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the inert gas channel of the heat storage box and the other end is connected to the outside of the furnace body. The heat storage box is located between the inner liner and the furnace body. One end of the outlet pipe is connected to the heat storage box and the other end is connected to the internal space of the inner liner. The connecting pipe and the inlet pipe are located at the ends away from the ground.

[0017] Furthermore, a first control valve is provided at the end of the connecting pipe near the inner liner, a second control valve is provided at the end of the air inlet pipe away from the furnace body, a third control valve is provided at the end of the air outlet pipe near the inner liner, a fourth control valve is provided at the end of the air outlet pipe away from the inner liner, and a pressure sensor is provided on the inner wall of the inner liner near the heat storage component.

[0018] Furthermore, the heat storage box is equipped with an inert gas channel, a heat storage plate, a phase change material channel, and a cavity. One end of the inert gas channel is connected to an inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to an outlet pipe. The heat storage plate collects the heat of the phase change material in its liquid state. The inert gas channel and the phase change material channel are respectively arranged on both sides of the heat storage plate. The phase change material channel is located on the side of the heat storage plate closer to the inner liner. The phase change material channel is filled with phase change material. Both ends of the cavity are connected to the internal space of the inner liner, and the cavity is located on the side of the phase change material channel closer to the inner liner. One end of the cavity is connected to a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to an outlet pipe, thereby communicating with the inside of the inner liner.

[0019] Furthermore, a serpentine channel is provided inside the inert gas channel and the phase change material channel, and a heat insulation material is coated on the outside of the heat storage box.

[0020] (III) Beneficial effects: The present invention provides a high-temperature carbonization device for soft carbon materials. By setting a layered structure, the soft carbon materials are heated in the center and on the periphery of the inner liner, so that the temperature rises rapidly to the preset temperature. Furthermore, by setting a stirring structure on the left and right sides of the layered structure, the heating is more uniform. Finally, the heat in the furnace is collected by the heat storage component, thus avoiding heat waste. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-temperature carbonization device for soft carbon materials according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the location structure of the driving component;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the thermal storage components;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the serpentine channel structure.

[0025] Reference numerals: Furnace body 1, Inner liner 2, Layered structure 3, Layered partition 31, Central tube 32, Graphite rod 33, Drive assembly 41, Motor 411, Horizontal connecting rod 412, Comb-shaped stirring rod 42, Stirring handle 421, Stirring teeth 422, Heat storage assembly 5, Connecting pipe 51, First control valve 511, Heat storage box 52, Inert gas channel 521, Heat storage plate 522, Phase change material channel 523, Cavity 524, Inlet pipe 53, Second control valve 531, Outlet pipe 54, Third control valve 541, Fourth control valve 542, Feed inlet 611, First sealing cover 612, Discharge outlet 621, Second sealing cover 622. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to preferred embodiments. More details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can obviously be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art can make similar extensions and derivations based on actual application situations without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited by the content of this specific embodiment.

[0027] The accompanying drawings are schematic diagrams of embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not drawn to scale, and should not be construed as limiting the actual scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] A high-temperature carbonization device for soft carbon materials, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the furnace includes a furnace body 1 and an inner liner 2, with the inner liner 2 disposed inside the furnace body 1 and coaxial with it. A layered structure 3 and a stirring structure are provided inside the inner liner 2. A heat storage component 5 is disposed between the furnace body 1 and the inner liner 2. The bottom of the inner liner 2 is an upwardly convex conical slope. The layered structure 3 is fixed to the center of the conical slope inside the inner liner 2 by welding. The layered structure 3 separates the soft carbon entering the inner liner 2, allowing it to heat up more evenly and quickly to the preset temperature. The stirring structure is located on both sides of the layered structure 3 near the inner wall of the inner liner. The heat storage component 5 is located between the furnace body 1 and the inner liner 2, storing the waste heat generated during the decomposition of the soft carbon material inside the inner liner 2, and using the stored heat to compensate for the temperature of the inner liner 2, thereby making full use of the waste heat and avoiding heat waste. The number of heat storage components 5 is not limited; several can be provided, but four are preferred in this invention. Furthermore, the four heat storage components 5 are arranged in pairs facing each other, and are evenly distributed around the inner liner 2.

[0029] Feeding and discharging assemblies are also provided at the top and bottom of the furnace body 1. The feeding and discharging assemblies include a feed inlet 611, a first sealing cover 612, a discharge outlet 621, and a second sealing cover 622. Specifically, the feed inlet 611 is located at the top of the furnace body 1, and the first sealing cover 612 is located at the end of the feed inlet 611 away from the inner liner. The discharge outlet 621 is located on the side of the furnace body, near the bottom, and the second sealing cover 622 is located at the end of the discharge outlet 621 away from the inner liner. The first sealing cover 612 seals the feed inlet 611, and the second sealing cover 622 seals the discharge outlet 621. Material is fed into the inner liner 2 through the feed inlet 611 and discharged from the inner liner 2 through the discharge outlet 621.

[0030] It should be noted that the number of the feed inlet 611 and the discharge outlet 621 is not limited, and several can be provided. In this utility model, it is preferred to provide two of each. Moreover, the feed inlet 611 and the discharge outlet 621 are evenly arranged at equal intervals around the central axis of the furnace body.

[0031] The space formed by the furnace body 1, the inner liner 2, and the heat storage component 5 is filled with heat-insulating material to form a heat-insulating layer inside the space. This isolates the heat inside the furnace body 1, preventing excessively high ambient temperatures and potential personal injury caused by excessively high furnace body 1 temperatures.

[0032] The layered structure 3 includes a layered partition 31, a central tube 32, and a graphite rod 33. The central tube 32 is located at the center of the inner liner 2. The layered partition 31 is obliquely fixed to the central tube 32. The graphite rod 33 is located at one end of the layered partition 31 near the bottom of the inner liner 2 and is arranged around the central tube 32. The layered partition 31 is an annular partition, and its edge tends to approach the bottom of the inner liner 2, meaning that the layered partition 31 forms an angle α with the horizontal plane. The angle α ranges from 40° to 60°, and is preferably 45° in this invention. This ensures that when the carbonized material inside the inner liner 2 is discharged from the inner liner 2, no material remains on the layered partition 31. The layered partition 31 is made of a thermally conductive material, allowing the graphite rod 33 to quickly conduct heat when heated. One end of the graphite rod 33 is fixed to the edge of the layered partition 31, and the other end is fixed to the central tube 32. The graphite rod 33 is electrically heated through the central tube 32. The graphite rod 33 can be used at a maximum temperature of 3000℃ and is practical in an inert gas atmosphere. It has a small coefficient of thermal expansion, a large thermal conductivity, better processability than SiC and MoSi2 rods, and good resistance to high temperatures and extreme cold and heat. The number of layered partitions 31 can be multiple, which is not limited here, but three are preferred in this invention. The number of graphite rods 33 can also be multiple, which is not limited here. The graphite rods 33 are evenly distributed on the side of the layered partition 31 near the ground to make the temperature rise more uniform.

[0033] More specifically, graphite rods are also fixed on the inner wall of the inner liner 2 to heat the soft carbon material inside the inner liner 2. The graphite rods 33 fixed below the layered partition 31 and the graphite rods fixed on the inner wall of the inner liner 2 work together to heat the soft carbon material entering the inner liner 2, making the heating and temperature rise more rapid.

[0034] The stirring structure is located on both sides of the layered structure 3 near the inner wall of the inner liner 2. The stirring structure includes a drive assembly 41 and comb-shaped stirring rods 42. The drive assembly 41 is located at the top center of the furnace body 1 and drives the comb-shaped stirring rods 42 inside the furnace body 1 to stir the contents of the inner liner 2. The comb-shaped stirring rods 42 are located at both ends near the inner wall of the inner liner 2. The comb-shaped stirring rods 42 include two sets: a first comb-shaped stirring rod and a second comb-shaped stirring rod. The first and second comb-shaped stirring rods are positioned opposite each other, and their structures are identical. A detailed description will be given using the second comb-shaped stirring rod as an example.

[0035] The second comb-shaped stirring rod includes a stirring handle 421 and stirring teeth 422. The stirring teeth 422 are fixed to one end of the stirring handle 421 near the central tube 32. The stirring teeth 422 are staggered with the layered partition 31, and the stirring teeth 422 have an inclined angle towards the bottom. The stirring teeth 422 stir the carbonized material after layered heating on both sides of the central tube 32, so that the soft carbon material under the layered structure 3 can be heated to the preset temperature more uniformly during the stirring process.

[0036] The drive assembly 41 includes a motor 411, a rotating shaft, and a horizontal connecting rod 412. The motor 411 is located at the top center of the furnace body 1 and is connected to the rotating shaft. The horizontal connecting rod 412 is located in the inner liner 2. The end of the rotating shaft away from the motor 411 is connected to the center of the horizontal connecting rod 412. Two comb-shaped stirring rods 42 perpendicular to the horizontal connecting rod 412 are connected to both ends of the horizontal connecting rod 412. When the horizontal connecting rod 412 rotates, it drives the two comb-shaped stirring rods 42 to rotate. The rotating shaft and the central tube 32 are both on the central axis of the inner liner 2. The two comb-shaped stirring rods 42 move in a circular motion around the rotating shaft as the central axis under the action of the motor 411.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the heat storage assembly 5 includes a connecting pipe 51, a heat storage tank 52, an air inlet pipe 53, and an air outlet pipe 54. One end of the connecting pipe 51 communicates with the internal space of the inner liner 2, and the other end communicates with the cavity 524 of the heat storage tank 52. One end of the air inlet pipe 53 communicates with the inert gas channel 521 of the heat storage tank 52, and the other end communicates with the outside of the furnace body 1. The heat storage tank 52 is located between the inner liner 2 and the furnace body 1. One end of the air outlet pipe 54 communicates with the heat storage tank 52, and the other end communicates with the internal space of the inner liner 2. The connecting pipe 51 and the air inlet pipe 53 are located at the ends furthest from the ground.

[0038] Specifically, a first control valve 511 is provided at the end of the connecting pipe 51 near the inner liner 2; a second control valve 531 is provided at the end of the air inlet pipe 53 away from the furnace body 1; a third control valve 541 is provided at the end of the air outlet pipe 54 near the inner liner 2; and a fourth control valve 542 is provided at the end of the air outlet pipe 54 away from the inner liner 2. The first control valve 511 and the third control valve 541 together control whether high-temperature gas enters the cavity 524 of the heat storage tank 52. The second control valve 531 and the fourth control valve 542 together control whether inert gas enters the furnace body 1.

[0039] The heat storage box 52 is equipped with an inert gas channel 521, a heat storage plate 522, a phase change material channel 523, and a cavity 524. One end of the inert gas channel 521 is connected to the inlet pipe 53, and the other end is connected to the outlet pipe 54. The heat storage plate 522 collects the heat from the phase change material in its liquid state. The inert gas channel 521 and the phase change material channel 523 are respectively located on both sides of the heat storage plate 522. Located on the side of the heat storage plate 522 near the inner liner 2, a phase change material is filled in the phase change material channel 523. In this invention, the phase change material is a solid-liquid phase Na2SO4 / Si inorganic salt with a melting temperature of 879°C to 883.6°C. Both ends of the cavity 524 are connected to the internal space of the inner liner 2, and the cavity 524 is located on the side of the phase change material channel 523 near the inner liner 2. One end of the cavity 524 is connected to the connecting pipe 51, and the other end is connected to the vent pipe 54, thus communicating with the interior of the inner liner 2.

[0040] A serpentine channel can be provided inside the inert gas channel 521 and the phase change material channel 523, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the thermal contact area inside the heat storage tank 52 is increased. The heat generated by the decomposition of the soft carbon material during high-temperature carbonization causes a solid-liquid phase change in the phase change material. The heat storage plate 522 collects the heat generated during this phase change. A pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall of the inner liner 2 near the heat storage component 5 to monitor the pressure changes of the soft carbon material inside the inner liner 2 during high-temperature carbonization. The exterior of the heat storage tank 52 is also coated with heat-insulating material to prevent heat loss from the interior of the heat storage tank 52.

[0041] The specific operation of the heat storage box 52 is as follows: When the pressure sensor detects that the internal pressure of the inner liner 2 reaches a first threshold, both the first control valve 511 and the third control valve 541 open, allowing high-temperature gas to enter the cavity 524 inside the heat storage box 52. The phase change material inside the phase change material channel 523 absorbs heat and undergoes a solid-to-liquid phase transition, and the heat storage plate 522 stores the heat of the liquid phase change material. When both the second control valve 531 and the fourth control valve 542 are open, the inert gas flowing through the inert gas channel 521 absorbs the heat of the heat storage plate 522. When the inert gas is introduced into the furnace body 1, the soft carbon material is preheated.

[0042] The present invention provides a high-temperature carbonization device for soft carbon materials. By setting up layered partitions and comb-shaped stirring rods, the temperature is rapidly and uniformly raised to the preset temperature. Furthermore, by setting up a heat storage box, the gas heat generated during the high-temperature carbonization of the soft carbon materials is collected, thereby preheating the soft carbon materials.

[0043] The above description illustrates preferred embodiments of the present invention and helps those skilled in the art to more fully understand the technical solution of the present invention. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of the present invention to these embodiments. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, and all such modifications should be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soft carbon material high-temperature carbonization device, comprising a furnace body and an inner container, characterized in that: A layered structure is provided at the center of the inner liner, and a stirring structure is provided on both sides of the layered structure near the inner wall of the inner liner. A heat storage component is provided between the furnace body and the inner liner, and the heat storage component includes a heat storage box. A heat insulation layer is provided between the furnace body, the inner liner, and the heat storage component; The layered structure includes a layered partition, a central tube, and a graphite rod. The central tube is located at the center of the inner liner. The layered partition is inclined and fixed on the central tube. The graphite rod is located at one end of the layered partition near the bottom of the inner liner and is arranged around the central tube. The stirring structure includes a drive assembly and a comb-shaped stirring rod. The drive assembly is located at the top of the furnace body, and the comb-shaped stirring rod is located inside the inner liner.

2. The apparatus for high temperature carbonization of soft carbon material according to claim 1, wherein A feed inlet is provided at the top of the furnace body, and a first sealing cap is provided at the end of the feed inlet away from the inner liner; a discharge outlet is provided on the side of the furnace body near the bottom of the furnace body, and a second sealing cap is provided at the end of the discharge outlet away from the inner liner.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a heating element. The layered partition and the horizontal mask have an angle α, which ranges from 40° to 60°; one end of the graphite rod is fixed to the edge of the layered partition, and the other end is fixed to the central tube.

4. The high-temperature carbonization device for soft carbon materials according to claim 1, characterized in that, The comb-shaped stirring rod includes two sets: a first comb-shaped stirring rod and a second comb-shaped stirring rod. The first comb-shaped stirring rod and the second comb-shaped stirring rod are arranged opposite each other, and the first comb-shaped stirring rod and the second comb-shaped stirring rod have the same structure.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the soft carbon material is carbonized at a temperature of 1,000°C to 1,500°C. The second comb-shaped stirring rod includes a stirring handle and stirring teeth. The stirring teeth are fixed to one end of the stirring handle near the central tube. The stirring teeth are staggered with the layered partition and have an inclined angle towards the bottom.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the soft carbon material is carbonized at a temperature of 1,000°C to 2,000°C. The drive assembly includes a motor, a rotating shaft, and a horizontal connecting rod. The motor is located at the center of the top of the furnace body and is connected to the rotating shaft. The horizontal connecting rod is located in the inner liner. The end of the rotating shaft away from the motor is connected to the center of the horizontal connecting rod. Two comb-shaped stirring rods perpendicular to the horizontal connecting rod are connected to both ends of the horizontal connecting rod. The rotating shaft and the central tube are both on the central axis of the inner liner.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises a heating element. The heat storage component also includes a connecting pipe, an inlet pipe, and an outlet pipe. One end of the connecting pipe is connected to the internal space of the inner liner and the other end is connected to the cavity of the heat storage box. One end of the inlet pipe is connected to the inert gas channel of the heat storage box and the other end is connected to the outside of the furnace body. The heat storage box is located between the inner liner and the furnace body. One end of the outlet pipe is connected to the heat storage box and the other end is connected to the internal space of the inner liner. The connecting pipe and the inlet pipe are located at the ends away from the ground.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the soft carbon material is carbonized at a temperature of 1,000°C to 1,500°C. A first control valve is provided at the end of the connecting pipe near the inner liner, a second control valve is provided at the end of the air inlet pipe away from the furnace body, a third control valve is provided at the end of the air outlet pipe near the inner liner, a fourth control valve is provided at the end of the air outlet pipe away from the inner liner, and a pressure sensor is provided on the inner wall of the inner liner near the heat storage component.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the soft carbon material is carbonized at a temperature of about 1,000°C to about 1,500°C. The heat storage box contains an inert gas channel, a heat storage plate, a phase change material channel, and a cavity. One end of the inert gas channel is connected to an inlet pipe, and the other end is connected to an outlet pipe. The heat storage plate collects heat from the phase change material in its liquid state. The inert gas channel and the phase change material channel are respectively located on both sides of the heat storage plate. The phase change material channel is located on the side of the heat storage plate closer to the inner liner. The phase change material is filled into the phase change material channel. Both ends of the cavity are connected to the internal space of the inner liner, and the cavity is located on the side of the phase change material channel closer to the inner liner. One end of the cavity is connected to a connecting pipe, and the other end is connected to an outlet pipe, thus communicating with the interior of the inner liner.

10. The high-temperature carbonization device for soft carbon materials according to claim 9, characterized in that, A serpentine channel is provided inside the inert gas channel and the phase change material channel, and a heat insulation material is coated on the outside of the heat storage box.

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