Boron nitride ceramic breakage-proof tapper

Abstract

The utility model provides a boron nitride ceramic breakage-proof tapper which is provided with a cutter and comprises a cutter handle, a cutter body and a cutter head. Wherein the cutter body is of a hollow cylinder structure, and a chip guide groove is formed in the peripheral side face of the cutter body; and a chip guide hole is formed in the chip guide groove and is connected with the interior of the cutter body. One end of the negative pressure opening is externally connected with a negative pressure generating device through a negative pressure pipeline, and the other end of the negative pressure opening is communicated with the interior of the knife body. The chip removal and heat dissipation device is simple in structure and low in cost, chip removal and collection are achieved through the chip guide grooves, the chip guide holes and negative pressure, heat generated by hole opening is taken away in the negative pressure suction process, distributed active heat dissipation is achieved, and the chip removal and heat dissipation problems under the conventional hole opening condition are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of ceramic material machining technology, specifically to a boron nitride ceramic anti-shatter hole opener. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of ceramic processing, there are currently many technical challenges in the drilling process. Traditional ceramic drilling tools often face the problem of chip accumulation during processing. Due to the hardness of ceramics, a large amount of chips are generated during processing. If these chips cannot be removed in time, they will accumulate continuously in the processing area. On the one hand, chip accumulation affects the cutting performance of the tool, accelerates tool wear, reduces tool life, and increases processing costs. On the other hand, accumulated chips may also lead to a decrease in machining accuracy, affecting the quality of ceramic products.

[0003] Meanwhile, heat accumulation is also a problem in existing processing methods. During the drilling process, the high-speed friction between the cutting tool and the ceramic material generates a large amount of heat. Excessive temperature not only reduces the cutting performance of the tool and causes softening of the cutting edge, further affecting machining accuracy and tool life, but may also cause thermal damage to the ceramic material itself, leading to defects such as cracks and deformation, seriously affecting the yield of ceramic products.

[0004] Furthermore, existing chip removal methods are often inefficient. Some simple chip removal structures are insufficient to meet the large amount of chips required during ceramic drilling, failing to effectively and promptly remove chips from the machining area, thus indirectly exacerbating chip accumulation and heat buildup. Moreover, traditional cutting tools also lack adequate heat dissipation mechanisms, failing to quickly dissipate heat.

[0005] Furthermore, while using cutting fluid in ceramic machining can alleviate the aforementioned problems, it also presents several challenges. First, ceramic materials are highly sensitive to impurities; additives and other components in common cutting fluids may remain on the ceramic surface, affecting its performance. Second, ceramics are highly hard, and the chips produced during machining are fine and sharp, easily contaminating the cutting fluid and leading to frequent replacements, thus increasing machining costs. Moreover, selecting an inappropriate cutting fluid can cause its components to react chemically with the ceramic material, damaging the ceramic surface structure and affecting its final performance and service life.

[0006] In summary, there is a need for a ceramic hole opener that can efficiently remove chips, reduce heat accumulation, and ensure machining accuracy and tool life, thereby overcoming the problems of chip accumulation, heat accumulation, and low chip removal efficiency in existing ceramic hole opening processes. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention addresses the problems existing in the prior art by providing a boron nitride ceramic anti-shattering hole opener with a simple structure and excellent heat dissipation and chip removal capabilities.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A boron nitride ceramic anti-shatter hole opener is provided with a cutting tool; the cutting tool includes a handle, a blade, and a cutting head; the upper part of the blade is connected to the handle, and the lower part is connected to the cutting head;

[0010] The blade is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a chip guide groove is provided on the peripheral side of the blade; a chip guide hole is provided on the bottom and / or wall of the chip guide groove; the chip guide hole communicates with the interior of the blade.

[0011] The handle is provided with a through negative pressure port along the axial direction; one end of the negative pressure port is connected to a negative pressure generating device through a negative pressure pipeline, and the other end is connected to the interior of the blade.

[0012] Optionally, the chip guide groove has a spiral structure, and the bottom of the groove is provided with the chip guide hole;

[0013] The cutting head is provided with a guide groove, which is connected to the chip guide groove.

[0014] Optionally, the machining section of the cutter head is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth arranged in a circumferential array;

[0015] The blade has multiple chip guide grooves arranged in a circumferential array on its peripheral side, and each chip guide groove corresponds to a chip tooth structure.

[0016] Optionally, the ratio of the horizontal arc length of the cylindrical surface between the end of the guide groove and the nearest tooth tip to the tooth width is less than or equal to 0.3.

[0017] Optionally, the bottom of the chip guide groove has multiple chip guide holes arranged in an array along the slotting direction;

[0018] The axial direction of the chip guide hole is parallel to the radial direction of the cutter body.

[0019] Optionally, the diameters of the chip guide holes are not all the same;

[0020] The diameter of the chip guide hole on the side of the cutter head is larger than the diameter of the chip guide hole on the side of the cutter shank.

[0021] Optionally, the side edges of the chip guide groove are machined with rounded corners.

[0022] Optionally, it also includes a tool clamping structure; the tool holder is a tapered shank structure and is connected to the tool clamping structure via a keyway or a flat section;

[0023] The negative pressure pipeline is installed in the tool clamping structure.

[0024] Optionally, the tool clamping structure is provided with a negative pressure chamber;

[0025] The negative pressure chamber has openings at both ends, and is connected to the negative pressure port and the negative pressure pipeline, respectively.

[0026] Optionally, in the negative pressure chamber, the opening corresponding to the negative pressure pipeline is connected to the port of the negative pressure pipeline through a rotary joint.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] This utility model has a simple structure and low cost. Through the chip guide groove, chip guide hole and negative pressure setting, it realizes chip discharge and collection, and removes the heat generated by the opening during the negative pressure suction process, thereby realizing decentralized active heat dissipation, thus solving the chip discharge and heat dissipation problems under conventional opening conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a front view of the cutting tool in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a top view of the cutting tool in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the cutting tool in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 This is an isometric view of the cutting tool in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a half-sectional view of the cutting tool in a specific embodiment of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head in a specific embodiment of this utility model.

[0036] In the diagram: 1. Handle, 2. Blade, 3. Tip, 4. Tooth structure, 5. Chip guide groove, 6. Chip guide hole, 7. Negative pressure port, 8. Guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0038] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0039] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the relative relationship indicated by terms such as "upper" and "lower" is based on the order of contact with the material in the rotation direction in actual application, and is used for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0041] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0042] It is worth noting that, unless otherwise specified, the methods used in this utility model are all conventional methods; and the raw materials and equipment used are all conventional commercially available products, and their sources are not specifically limited.

[0043] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this embodiment provides a boron nitride ceramic shatterproof hole opener, which is equipped with a cutting tool. The cutting tool has a straight shank structure and includes a shank 1, a blade 2, and a cutting head 3.

[0044] The blade 2 is a hollow cylindrical structure, coaxially connected to the handle 1 at the top and to the head 3 at the bottom. The circumferential surface of the blade 2 is cylindrical and machined with multiple chip guide grooves 5. These grooves are arranged in a circumferential array, each with a spiral structure. Thus, the multiple chip guide grooves 5 wind around the blade 2, and chip guide holes 6 are provided at the bottom of the grooves. Furthermore, each chip guide groove 5 has multiple chip guide holes 6 arranged along the groove direction at its bottom. In this embodiment, each chip guide groove 5 starts at the connection between the blade 2 and the head 3 and extends spirally to one end near the handle 1. The chip guide holes 6 are correspondingly distributed from the starting position of the chip guide groove 5 to its end. The axial direction of each chip guide hole 6 is parallel to the radial direction of the blade 2, meaning the axis of each chip guide hole 6 is perpendicular to the cut surface at the opening. Optionally, to reduce stress concentration in the chip guide grooves 5, this embodiment also rounds the two upper side edges of each chip guide groove 5.

[0045] Combination Figure 5 As shown, a through negative pressure port 7 is provided on the shank 1 along the axial direction; one end of the negative pressure port 7 is connected to a negative pressure generating device through a negative pressure pipeline, and the other end is connected to the internal hollow structure of the blade 2. Further, in this embodiment, the tool is connected to the corresponding tool clamping structure through the shank 1, thereby driving the tool to rotate and open the hole through a rotary mechanism. Therefore, the shank 1 can be selected as a tapered shank structure, and connected to the tool clamping structure through a keyway or flat section. A negative pressure pipeline is installed in the tool clamping structure, and a centrally located negative pressure chamber is provided in the tool clamping structure. The negative pressure chamber is a hollow structure with openings at the top and bottom; when the tool is clamped, the lower opening of the chamber communicates with the inside of the blade through the negative pressure port 7; a rotary joint is installed at the upper opening of the negative pressure chamber and connected to the negative pressure pipeline.

[0046] Optionally, the diameters of the chip guide holes 6 in this embodiment are not all the same. Specifically, in each chip guide groove 5, the diameter of the chip guide hole 6 on the side near the cutter head 3 is larger than that on the side near the tool holder 1. A preferred design is that the chip guide holes 6 in each chip guide groove 5 are machined in sections, such as three sections, and the corresponding chip guide holes are machined using drilling tools with different hole diameters. This design allows the upper chip guide holes 6 to obtain a smaller air intake under internal negative pressure conditions, thereby maintaining sufficient suction for the chip guide holes on the side near the cutter head 3. Furthermore, since the main heat-generating area is on the side of the cutter head 3, this design can also preferentially remove a large amount of heat through a large air intake and cutting volume, thereby balancing the temperature of the tool body 2.

[0047] In this embodiment, the machining section of the cutter head 3 is provided with multiple cutting tooth structures 4 arranged in a circumferential array. Furthermore, the chip guide grooves 5 arranged circumferentially on the peripheral side of the cutter body 2 correspond one-to-one with the cutting tooth structures 4, meaning that each cutting tooth structure 4 has a corresponding chip guide groove 5 above it. Therefore, to facilitate smoother chip removal, multiple guide grooves 8 are machined on the cutter head 3, which are also spiral-shaped and communicate with the corresponding chip guide grooves 5. This design increases chip removal efficiency and maintains good strength of the cutter head 3.

[0048] Combination Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, the ratio of the horizontal cylindrical arc length d between the end of the guide groove 8 and the nearest cutter tooth endpoint to the cutter tooth width W is less than or equal to 0.3, i.e., d / W ≤ 0.3, and preferably 0.2 in this embodiment. It should be noted that the horizontal cylindrical arc length d is the corresponding cylindrical arc length after the two endpoints are projected onto the same horizontal plane, not the length of the arc connecting the two endpoints, nor a straight-line distance in space; and the cutter tooth width W is the outer arc length of each cutter tooth structure 4, not a straight-line distance between the two tooth sides.

[0049] Working principle;

[0050] In this embodiment, the boron nitride ceramic anti-shatter hole opener operates by connecting the cutting tool to the tool clamping structure via the tool holder 1. A rotating mechanism drives the cutting tool to rotate, initiating the hole-opening operation on the boron nitride ceramic. The cutting teeth 4 of the cutting head 3 contact the ceramic for cutting, and the resulting chips are guided along the spiral trajectory of the guide groove 8 to the chip guide groove 5 of the cutting body 2. The chip guide groove 5 also has a spiral structure, further guiding the chips upwards along the circumferential surface of the cutting body 2.

[0051] Meanwhile, the negative pressure port 7 on the handle 1 is connected to an external negative pressure generating device through a negative pressure pipeline. The negative pressure generating device generates negative pressure, creating a negative pressure environment in the hollow structure inside the blade 2, thus affecting airflow and chip path. Figure 5 As shown by the middle arrow, the chip guide holes 6, arranged in an array along the grooving direction at the bottom of the chip guide groove 5, become the chip suction channel. Under the action of negative pressure, the chips located in the chip guide groove 5 are sucked into the interior of the blade 2 through the chip guide holes 6, and then discharged from the hole opener through the negative pressure pipeline via the communication structure between the blade 2 and the handle 1.

[0052] The chip guide hole 6 features a special design, with the diameter on the side closer to the cutter head 3 being larger than that on the side closer to the tool holder 1. This design allows for a larger air intake near the cutter head 3 under internal negative pressure, prioritizing the removal of the significant heat generated during cutting and balancing the temperature of the tool body 2. It also ensures sufficient suction near the cutter head 3 to quickly remove chips and prevent chip accumulation from affecting machining. Furthermore, the size and structure of the guide groove 8 further optimize the chip removal path, ensuring smooth chip removal while maintaining the strength of the cutter head 3, thus guaranteeing the hole opener can stably and efficiently complete the hole opening work on boron nitride ceramics.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model, and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of this utility model do not depart from the essence and scope of the technical solution of this utility model.

Claims

1. A boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant punch, characterized by: The tool is provided; the tool includes a handle, a blade, and a blade head; the upper part of the blade is connected to the handle, and the lower part is connected to the blade head; The blade is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a chip guide groove is provided on the peripheral side of the blade; a chip guide hole is provided on the bottom and / or wall of the chip guide groove; the chip guide hole communicates with the interior of the blade. The handle is provided with a through negative pressure port along the axial direction; one end of the negative pressure port is connected to a negative pressure generating device through a negative pressure pipeline, and the other end is connected to the interior of the blade.

2. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 1, wherein: The chip guide groove has a spiral structure, and the chip guide hole is provided at the bottom of the groove; The cutting head is provided with a guide groove, which is connected to the chip guide groove.

3. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 2, wherein: The machining section of the cutter head is provided with multiple cutting teeth arranged in a circumferential array; The blade has multiple chip guide grooves arranged in a circumferential array on its peripheral side, and each chip guide groove corresponds to a chip tooth structure.

4. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 3, wherein: The ratio of the horizontal arc length of the cylindrical surface between the end of the guide groove and the nearest tip of the cutting tooth to the width of the cutting tooth is less than or equal to 0.

3.

5. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the chip guide groove has multiple chip guide holes arranged in an array along the slotting direction; The axial direction of the chip guide hole is parallel to the radial direction of the cutter body.

6. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 5, wherein: The diameters of the chip guide holes are not all the same; The diameter of the chip guide hole on the side of the cutter head is larger than the diameter of the chip guide hole on the side of the cutter shank.

7. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 1, wherein: The side edges of the chip guide groove are rounded.

8. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 1, wherein: It also includes a tool clamping structure; the tool holder is a tapered shank structure and is connected to the tool clamping structure via a keyway or a flat section; The negative pressure pipeline is installed in the tool clamping structure.

9. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 8, wherein: The tool clamping structure is provided with a negative pressure chamber; The negative pressure chamber has openings at both ends, and is connected to the negative pressure port and the negative pressure pipeline, respectively.

10. The boron nitride ceramic shatter resistant opener of claim 9, wherein: In the negative pressure chamber, the opening corresponding to the negative pressure pipeline is connected to the port of the negative pressure pipeline through a rotary joint.

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