Adhesive film and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic technology, and discloses an adhesive film and a photovoltaic module. The adhesive film comprises an adhesive film body and a shading piece. A plurality of shading pieces are arranged on the adhesive film body at intervals in the first direction, and the shading pieces are configured to be capable of shading a light leakage area of the photovoltaic module; and the shading piece is partially embedded into the adhesive film body. The photovoltaic module comprises a battery piece layer and the adhesive film. The shading piece of the adhesive film is located on the surface of the side, facing the battery piece layer, of the adhesive film body, and the shading piece can shade the light leakage area of the photovoltaic module. According to the utility model, the shading piece on the adhesive film body is used for shading the light leakage area of the photovoltaic module, so that the light leakage condition of the photovoltaic module is avoided. Compared with the prior art in which the rear adhesive film is coated with the colored filler, the light leakage area of the photovoltaic module is shielded by arranging the shading piece on the rear adhesive film, when the adhesive film is applied to the photovoltaic module and is subjected to the lamination process, the shading piece does not have the filler diffusion condition and can be kept stable all the time, and then the light leakage area is shielded stably.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to an adhesive film and a photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic modules are core devices that directly convert solar energy into electrical energy, and are composed of multiple solar cells. A photovoltaic module includes a front panel, a front encapsulating film, a layer of solar cells, a rear encapsulating film, and a back panel, all stacked sequentially. When the front panel, front encapsulating film, rear encapsulating film, and back panel are all made of transparent materials, the bifaciality of the photovoltaic module can be significantly improved, thereby increasing the actual power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module.

[0003] In the cell layer of a photovoltaic module, there are gaps between adjacent cell strings, gaps between cell strings and busbars, and blank areas around the cell strings. These gaps and blank areas all become light leakage areas. If the backsheet is made of transparent material, it will cause serious light leakage in the photovoltaic module, which will seriously affect the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] In existing technologies, colored fillers are generally applied to the back film at the positions corresponding to the light leakage areas, i.e., patterned back film, in order to achieve a complete and consistent appearance of the photovoltaic module from the front without light leakage.

[0005] However, when colored fillers are coated onto the encapsulant film, the film heats up during lamination of the photovoltaic module. This causes the colored filler to diffuse, resulting in a color difference between the actual filler and the designed color. Severe color differences can lead to light leakage in the photovoltaic module. To address this issue and reduce color difference, the amount of colored filler is typically increased, which raises the cost of the photovoltaic module. Utility Model Content

[0006] One of the technical problems solved by this invention is to provide an adhesive film that, when applied to photovoltaic modules, can prevent light leakage in the light-leaking areas of the photovoltaic modules at a relatively low cost.

[0007] The second technical problem solved by this utility model is to provide a photovoltaic module that can avoid light leakage in the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module at a relatively low cost.

[0008] The first technical problem mentioned above is solved by the following technical solution:

[0009] Adhesive film, including:

[0010] Film body;

[0011] A light-shielding member is provided at intervals on the film body along a first direction, and the light-shielding member is configured to block the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0012] The light-shielding component is partially embedded in the adhesive film body.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned adhesive film, the thickness of the light-shielding member embedded in the adhesive film body is d1, and the thickness of the light-shielding member protruding from the adhesive film body is d2, where d1 > d2.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned adhesive film, the thickness d2 of the light-shielding member protruding from the adhesive film body is 5μm-200μm.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned adhesive film, the thickness of the adhesive film body is d3, and the thickness of the light-shielding member (2) is d4, where d3 > 2d4.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned adhesive film, the light-shielding component includes:

[0017] A substrate layer is fixedly disposed on the adhesive film body;

[0018] A light-shielding layer is disposed on the side of the substrate layer away from the adhesive film body.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned adhesive film, a reflective layer is provided on at least one side of the substrate layer.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned adhesive film, the light-shielding member further includes an outer layer, which is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer opposite to the substrate layer.

[0021] The second technical problem mentioned above is solved by the following technical solution:

[0022] Photovoltaic modules, including:

[0023] Battery cell layer;

[0024] In the aforementioned adhesive film, the light-shielding component of the adhesive film is located on the side surface of the adhesive film body facing the battery cell layer, and the light-shielding component can block the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned photovoltaic module, the adhesive film body is located on the back side of the battery cell layer.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module, the cell layer includes multiple cell strings, each cell string is connected with a solder strip, the width of the light-shielding member is w1, the gap between two adjacent solder strips of two adjacent cell strings is w2, the gap between two adjacent cell strings is w3, and w1>(w2+w3) / 2.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned photovoltaic module, the light leakage area includes at least one of the gaps between adjacent cell strings of the photovoltaic module, the gaps between the cell strings and the busbars, and the blank area surrounding the cell strings.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the aforementioned photovoltaic module, the width of the light-shielding element is greater than the width of the light-leaking area.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0030] The adhesive film proposed in this invention, when used in photovoltaic modules, serves as a backing film. A light-shielding element on the film itself blocks the light-leaking areas of the photovoltaic module, preventing light leakage. Compared to existing technologies that coat the backing film with colored fillers, this method, by using a light-shielding element on the backing film to block the light-leaking areas, prevents filler diffusion during the lamination process and maintains stability, thus consistently blocking the light-leaking areas.

[0031] Furthermore, in this film, the light-shielding components are partially embedded and fixed to the film body. When this film is applied to photovoltaic modules, on the one hand, no other fasteners are needed to secure the light-shielding components, simplifying the operation; on the other hand, even if the busbars of the photovoltaic module bend, the bending of the light-shielding components will not affect their normal placement because they are already fixed to the film body. When the photovoltaic module needs repair, the film can detach completely from the cell layer, thereby causing multiple light-shielding components to detach from the cell layer at once, reducing the difficulty of repairing the photovoltaic module and improving its repair efficiency.

[0032] The photovoltaic module proposed in this utility model uses the above-mentioned adhesive film as the adhesive film, which can stably block the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module, and the operation is simple, which can reduce the repair difficulty of the photovoltaic module and improve the repair efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Attached Figure Description

[0033] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a front view of the adhesive film provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 2This is a top view of the adhesive film provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the adhesive film provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-shielding component provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0040] In the picture:

[0041] 10. Battery cell layer; 101. Battery string; 1011. Solder ribbon; 20. Front panel; 30. Front adhesive film; 40. Rear adhesive film; 50. Back panel;

[0042] 1. The film body;

[0043] 2. Light-shielding component; 21. Substrate layer; 22. Light-shielding layer; 23. Reflective layer; 24. Outer layer. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0046] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0048] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0049] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connect," and "fix" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0051] In this embodiment, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this invention, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following associated objects have an "or" relationship.

[0052] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] This embodiment provides an adhesive film.

[0055] Specifically, this film is applied to photovoltaic modules.

[0056] Encapsulant film is a key material in photovoltaic module encapsulation. It plays a role in encapsulation and protection, light transmission enhancement, water and oxygen barrier, electrical insulation, and weather resistance buffering. It is a key material to ensure the efficient, stable, and long-term operation of photovoltaic modules.

[0057] Generally, photovoltaic modules consist of a laminate and a frame for encapsulating the laminate. The laminate includes a front sheet, a front encapsulating film, a layer of solar cells, a back encapsulating film, and a back sheet, which are stacked in sequence.

[0058] The solar cell layer comprises multiple series-parallel connected cell strings, which are linked together by busbars. Within the cell layer, there are gaps between adjacent cell strings, gaps between cell strings and busbars, and blank areas around the cell strings. These gaps and blank areas all contribute to light leakage. If the backsheet is made of a transparent material, this can lead to severe light leakage in the photovoltaic module, significantly impacting its power generation efficiency.

[0059] To prevent light leakage in photovoltaic modules, existing technologies employ coating colored fillers onto the encapsulant film. However, this method may still result in a risk of light leakage in the photovoltaic modules.

[0060] To address the aforementioned issues, this embodiment provides an adhesive film that avoids light leakage that may occur when using colored fillers for light blocking in the prior art.

[0061] Specifically, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 In this embodiment, the adhesive film includes an adhesive film body 1 and a light-shielding member 2.

[0062] Multiple light-shielding elements 2 are spaced apart on the film body 1 along the first direction. The light-shielding elements 2 are configured to block the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0063] The light-shielding component 2 is embedded in the adhesive film body 1.

[0064] The adhesive film provided in this embodiment has a light-shielding member 2 on the adhesive film body 1, which blocks the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0065] When applied to photovoltaic modules, this encapsulant film can be used as a backing film. The light-shielding element 2 on the film body 1 blocks light leakage areas of the photovoltaic module, preventing light leakage and eliminating the impact of color differences between the backing film and the backsheet on the front appearance of the photovoltaic module. Compared to existing technologies that coat the backing film with colored fillers, by using the light-shielding element 2 on the backing film to block light leakage areas, the filler in the light-shielding element 2 does not diffuse during the lamination process and remains stable, thus consistently blocking light leakage areas.

[0066] Furthermore, in this adhesive film, the light-shielding component 2 is fixed to the film body 1 by partial embedding. When this adhesive film is applied to photovoltaic modules, on the one hand, no other fasteners are needed to fix the light-shielding component 2, making the operation simple; on the other hand, even if the busbar of the photovoltaic module is bent, since the light-shielding component 2 is already fixed to the film body 1, the bent busbar will not affect the normal placement of the light-shielding component 2. When the photovoltaic module needs to be repaired, the adhesive film can be completely detached from the cell layer, thereby causing multiple light-shielding components to also detach from the cell layer at one time, reducing the difficulty of photovoltaic module repair and improving the repair efficiency of photovoltaic modules.

[0067] It is understandable that the light-shielding component 2 is partially embedded in the adhesive film body 1, rather than being fully embedded in the adhesive film body 1, which can reduce the difficulty of the production process and save production costs.

[0068] Of course, in other embodiments, the encapsulant film can also be used as a pre-encapsulant film in photovoltaic modules.

[0069] Specifically, in a photovoltaic module, the light leakage area includes at least one of the gaps between adjacent cell strings, the gaps between cell strings and busbars, and the blank areas surrounding the cell strings.

[0070] Preferably, in this embodiment, the light leakage area includes the gaps between adjacent cell strings of the photovoltaic module, the gaps between the cell strings and the busbars, and the blank areas around the cell strings. The light-shielding member 2 provided on the encapsulant film body 1 can block all blank areas on the photovoltaic module.

[0071] Specifically, the width of the light-shielding component 2 is greater than the width of the light-leaking area. This is designed so that when the encapsulant film is laminated onto the photovoltaic module as a back film, the projection of the light-leaking area along the front-to-back direction of the photovoltaic module falls entirely on the light-shielding component 2, thus fully avoiding the light-leaking phenomenon that still exists in the light-leaking area after the photovoltaic module is laminated.

[0072] It is understandable that, on the film, the width of the light-shielding element 2 corresponding to the gap between adjacent cell strings of the photovoltaic module is greater than the gap size between adjacent cell strings of the photovoltaic module; the width of the light-shielding element 2 corresponding to the gap between the cell string and the busbar is greater than the gap between the cell string and the busbar; and the width of the light-shielding element 2 corresponding to the blank area around the cell string is greater than the width of the blank area around the cell string.

[0073] Specifically, see Figure 3 In this embodiment, the thickness of the light-shielding member 2 embedded in the adhesive film body 1 is d1, and the thickness of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 is d2, where d1 > d2.

[0074] In this embodiment, the thickness d1 of the light-shielding member 2 embedded in the adhesive film body is greater than the thickness d2 of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1. On the one hand, the larger thickness d1 of the light-shielding member 2 embedded in the adhesive film body allows the light-shielding member 2 to be more firmly fixed to the adhesive film body 1. On the other hand, the smaller thickness d2 of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 also avoids the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 too much, which would affect the winding and packaging of the adhesive film. Furthermore, when the adhesive film is applied to a photovoltaic module and undergoes lamination and melting, since the thickness d2 of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 is relatively small, the part of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 can be blocked by the solder strips on the battery cells at both ends of the battery string, and the part of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 will not shift too much due to lamination and melting.

[0075] Optionally, in this embodiment, the thickness d2 of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 is 5μm-200μm. For example, d2 is 5μm, 10μm, 20μm, 30μm, 40μm, 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm, 100μm, 110μm, 120μm, 130μm, 140μm, 150μm, 160μm, 170μm, 180μm, 190μm, or 200μm.

[0076] More preferably, the thickness d2 of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 is 10μm-100μm; for example, d2 is 10μm, 20μm, 30μm, 40μm, 50μm, 60μm, 70μm, 80μm, 90μm or 100μm.

[0077] The thickness d2 of the light-shielding component 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 is 10μm-100μm, which can ensure the light-shielding performance and save production costs.

[0078] Of course, in other embodiments, the thickness d2 of the light-shielding member 2 protruding from the adhesive film body 1 can also be set to other values ​​as needed, without further restrictions here.

[0079] Further, see Figure 3 In this embodiment, the thickness of the film body 1 is d3, the thickness of the light-shielding member 2 is d4, and d3 > 2d4.

[0080] More preferably, d3 > 4d4.

[0081] To prevent the light-shielding component 2 from affecting the thickness consistency of the composite area on the adhesive film body 1 and other areas after it is partially embedded into the adhesive film body 1, and also to ensure that the lamination performance of the composite area on the adhesive film body 1 is consistent with that of other areas, the light-shielding component 2 cannot be too thick and needs to be relatively thin. d3 > 4d4, which ensures that the light-shielding component 2 is sufficiently thin relative to the adhesive film body 1.

[0082] Of course, in other embodiments, the relationship between d3 and d4 can be set to other values ​​as needed, as long as d3 > 2d4.

[0083] For example, in this embodiment, the numerical range of d3 is 5d4-10d4.

[0084] It is understood that in this embodiment, d4 = d1 + d2.

[0085] In this embodiment, during the production of the adhesive film, the adhesive film body 1 and the light-shielding component 2 are produced independently; then, a preset process is used to partially embed the light-shielding component 2 into the adhesive film body 1; optionally, the preset process can be hot pressing.

[0086] Of course, in other embodiments, the preset process can also be other, as long as it can ensure that the light-shielding member 2 can be partially embedded in the film body 1.

[0087] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the film body 1 and the light-shielding member 2 can also be produced simultaneously, that is, the film production process is an integrated manufacturing process.

[0088] Optionally, in this embodiment, the adhesive film body 1 includes an adhesive film body layer, the material of which is one of EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer), POE (Polyolefin Elastomer), PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral), TPO (Thermoplastic Olefin), TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane), and PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane).

[0089] Of course, in other embodiments, the adhesive film body 1 may also include two or more adhesive film body layers, and each adhesive film body layer is made of one of EVA, POE, PVB, TPO, TPU and PDMS.

[0090] Optionally, titanium dioxide, carbon black, or other colored fillers can be added to the film body layer as needed to make the film body layer transparent, white, black, or other colors.

[0091] In the encapsulant film, the colors of the light-shielding element 2 and the encapsulant film body 1 determine the applicable module type. For example, when the encapsulant film body 1 is entirely transparent and both sides of the light-shielding element 2 are black, the encapsulant film can be used for double-glass black modules. For single-glass black modules, the color of the encapsulant film body 1 is arbitrary (white or other colors), the light-shielding element 2 only needs to be black on one side facing the cell layer, and the color of the other side is arbitrary. The color of the backsheet used with this module is also arbitrary, and the final front appearance of the single-glass black module is uniformly black. Thus, there is no need to restrict the colors of the backsheet and encapsulant film body 1 used in single-glass black modules, resulting in more cost reduction potential.

[0092] It is understood that, in the production of the adhesive film provided in this embodiment, before the adhesive film is cut, the light-shielding member 2 is already located on the adhesive film body 1, and the length of each light-shielding member 2 is equal to the length of the adhesive film to which the light-shielding member 2 is attached in the machine direction. After the adhesive film is cut and punched, both ends of each light-shielding member 2 are also flush with both ends of the length direction of each piece of adhesive film body 1, that is, the length of the light-shielding member 2 is the same as the length direction of the adhesive film body 1.

[0093] Specifically, see Figure 4 In this embodiment, the light-shielding member 2 includes a substrate layer 21 and a light-shielding layer 22.

[0094] The substrate layer 21 is fixedly disposed on the adhesive film body 1. Optionally, the substrate layer 21 is at least partially embedded in the adhesive film body 1.

[0095] The light-shielding layer 22 is disposed on the side of the substrate layer 21 away from the adhesive film body 1. The light-shielding layer 22 can block light leakage areas.

[0096] The substrate layer 21 provides an attachment point and mechanical support for the light-shielding layer 22.

[0097] Optionally, in this embodiment, the light-shielding layer 22 is a black coating. Of course, in other embodiments, the light-shielding layer 22 can also be set to other dark-colored coatings as needed.

[0098] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, the light-shielding layer 22 may be a black material layer adhered to the substrate layer 21, or a material layer of other colors that can serve to shield light.

[0099] Optionally, in this embodiment, a reflective layer 23 is provided on at least one side of the substrate layer 21.

[0100] Specifically, in this embodiment, a reflective layer 23 is provided on the side of the substrate layer 21 facing away from the light-shielding layer 22. The substrate layer 21 provides an adhesion point and mechanical support for the reflective layer 23. Taking the adhesive film as a backing film as an example, the reflective layer 23 is located near the back of the solar cell. Specifically, the reflective layer 23 is a coating or adhesive layer with strong reflective properties for infrared light. The reflective layer 23 can reflect the infrared light incident on it back to the surface of the solar cell of the photovoltaic module after multiple reflections, thereby improving the utilization rate of light energy incident on the photovoltaic module and the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0101] Optionally, depending on actual needs, a reflective layer 23 may also be provided on the side of the substrate layer 21 where the light-shielding layer 22 is provided, or a coating with anti-ultraviolet additives may be provided (that is, the reflective layer 23 or the coating with anti-ultraviolet additives on this side is located between the substrate layer 21 and the light-shielding layer 22) to improve the weather resistance of the photovoltaic module.

[0102] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the light-shielding member 2 also includes an outer layer 24, which is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer 22 away from the substrate layer 21.

[0103] The outer layer 24 ensures a stable connection between the encapsulant film and the solar cells when the film is applied to photovoltaic modules.

[0104] In existing technologies, enamel coating is applied to the backsheet to block light leakage areas of photovoltaic modules. However, the enamel layer is typically deposited on the inner side of the backsheet, and maintaining its long-term weather resistance is technically challenging, leading to high costs. Furthermore, once enamel is applied, its position on the inner side of the backsheet is fixed and cannot be fine-tuned; if the cell layout dimensions change slightly, a new enamel-coated backsheet needs to be designed and manufactured, further increasing production costs.

[0105] The adhesive film provided in this embodiment allows the material of the light-shielding member 2 to be made of a flexible material. Thus, when the layout size of the battery cells in the battery cell layer changes slightly, the flexible material of the light-shielding member 2 can adapt to the slightly different layout size of the battery cell layer, avoiding increased production costs due to redesigning the adhesive film.

[0106] Optionally, in this embodiment, the material of the substrate layer 21 of the light-shielding member 2 includes at least one of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PI (polyimide), TPT (Tedlar / PET / Tedlar), PVDF (polyvinylidene difluoride), PVF (vinyl fluoride homopolymer), PCTFE (polytrifluorochloroethylene), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), FEVE (polyfluoroolefin-alkyl vinyl ether copolymer or fluoroolefin-alkyl vinyl ester copolymer resin), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), PO (polyolefins), PE (polyethylene), PVB (polyvinyl butyral), and PA (polyamide).

[0107] That is, the material of the substrate layer 21 can be one of PET, PI, TPT, PVDF, PVF, PCTFE, PTFE, FEVE, EVA, PO, PE, PVB, PA, or a combination of PET, PI, TPT, PVDF, PVF, PCTFE, PTFE, FEVE, EVA, PO, PE, PVB, PA, as long as it can form a layer structure with sufficient hardness.

[0108] Specifically, in this embodiment, the light-shielding layer 22 is obtained by coating a material onto the substrate layer 21. Optionally, the coating material can be perylene black, direct black, aniline black, bone black, phenolic black, polythiophene, polyaniline, basalt blue black, fullerene and its derivatives, vinyl polyaryl carborane, etc., as long as the coating material has high absorption characteristics for visible light and certain reflective characteristics for infrared light.

[0109] The outer layer 24 can be made of a material with certain weather resistance as needed; for example, the material of the outer layer 24 generally includes fluorinated UV-resistant components, such as PVF, PVDF, ECTFE (Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer) or THV (Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene-vinylidene fluoride copolymer).

[0110] Example 2

[0111] See Figure 5 and Figure 6 This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module.

[0112] A photovoltaic module includes a laminate and a frame for encapsulating the laminate. The laminate includes a front panel 20, a front encapsulating film 30, a cell layer 10, a rear encapsulating film 40, and a backsheet 50, which are stacked sequentially. The cell layer 10 includes multiple series-parallel connected cell strings 101, which are connected by busbars.

[0113] In photovoltaic modules, when the front panel 20, the front encapsulant film 30, the rear encapsulant film 40, and the back panel 50 are all made of transparent materials, the bifaciality of the photovoltaic module can be significantly improved, thereby enhancing the actual power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module.

[0114] However, in the cell layer 10, there are gaps between adjacent cell strings 101, gaps between cell strings 101 and busbars, and blank areas around cell strings 101. These gaps and blank areas will become light leakage areas. If the backsheet 50 is made of transparent material, it will cause serious light leakage in the photovoltaic module, which will seriously affect the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0115] To avoid light leakage that may occur when using colored fillers for shading in the prior art, this embodiment of the photovoltaic module also includes the encapsulant film from Embodiment 1.

[0116] The light-shielding component 2 of the film is located on the side surface of the film body 1 facing the cell layer 10, and the light-shielding component 2 can block the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

[0117] The photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment includes the encapsulant film in Embodiment 1, and the light-leaking area of ​​the photovoltaic module is blocked by the light-shielding component 2 of the encapsulant film.

[0118] The adhesive film with the light-shielding element 2 can be used as a front adhesive film 30 or as a rear adhesive film 40.

[0119] Compared to the existing technology of coating colored fillers on the post-coating film, by setting a light-shielding element 2 on the film to block the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module, when the film is applied to the photovoltaic module and undergoes the lamination process, the light-shielding element 2 will not cause filler diffusion and can always remain stable, thereby stably blocking the light leakage area.

[0120] Preferably, in this embodiment, the adhesive film body 1 is located on the back side of the cell layer 10. That is, the adhesive film with the light-shielding element 2 is used as the back adhesive film of the photovoltaic module. In this adhesive film, the light-shielding element 2 is fixed to the adhesive film body 1 by partial embedding. On the one hand, there is no need to use other fasteners to fix the light-shielding element 2, which reduces the difficulty of operation; on the other hand, even if the busbar of the photovoltaic module is bent, since the light-shielding element 2 is already fixed to the adhesive film body 1, the bent busbar will not affect the normal placement of the light-shielding element 2. When the photovoltaic module needs to be repaired, the back adhesive film 40 can be completely detached from the cell layer 10, thereby causing multiple light-shielding elements 2 to also be detached from the cell layer 10 at one time, reducing the difficulty of photovoltaic module repair and improving the repair efficiency of photovoltaic module.

[0121] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the film with the light-shielding element 2 can also be used as the front film 30 of the photovoltaic module.

[0122] Specifically, see Figure 6 In this embodiment, the battery cell layer 10 includes multiple battery strings 101, each battery string 101 is connected with a solder strip 1011, the width of the light-shielding member 2 is w1, the gap between two adjacent solder strips 1011 of two adjacent battery strings 101 is w2, and the gap between two adjacent battery strings 101 is w3.

[0123] Specifically, in this embodiment, w3 < w1 < w2. This setting ensures that the light-shielding member 2 can effectively block the light between two adjacent battery strings 101; furthermore, it allows the light-shielding member 2 to be stably positioned within the space between two adjacent solder strips 1011 of two adjacent battery strings 101. When the photovoltaic module is laminated, the two adjacent solder strips 1011 of two adjacent battery strings 101 can limit the position of the light-shielding member 2, preventing excessive displacement of the light-shielding member 2 due to lamination melting.

[0124] Furthermore, in this embodiment, w1>(w2+w3) / 2.

[0125] Specifically, see Figure 6 Between two adjacent battery strings 101, the distance between the two adjacent solder strips 1011 and the edge of their respective battery cells is 'a', and w2 = a + w3 + a = 2a + w3. If the light-shielding component 2 shifts after lamination, due to the restriction of the two solder strips 1011 on the left and right sides of the light-shielding component 2, the left end of the light-shielding component 2 may contact the solder strip 1011 on the left side, or the right end of the light-shielding component 2 may contact the solder strip 1011 on the right side. The requirement for the light-shielding component 2 to completely cover the gap between the strings is: w1 > a + w3; a + w3 = (2a + w3 + w3) / 2 = (w2 + w3) / 2.

[0126] That is, w 1> (w2 + w3) / 2 can enable, when the photovoltaic module is laminated, that if the light-shielding member 2 is displaced, the two solder tapes 1011 adjacent to the light-shielding member 2 can limit the displacement of the light-shielding member 2 to a certain extent, preventing the light-shielding member 2 from being displaced excessively, so that even if the light-shielding member 2 is displaced to a certain degree, it can completely cover the gap between two adjacent battery strings 101.

[0127] Specifically, in this embodiment, when the above-mentioned adhesive film with the light-shielding member 2 is used as the back adhesive film 40, in order to enable the light-shielding member 2 on the adhesive film to completely cover the peripheral blank area of the battery string 101, along the width direction of the adhesive film, the width of the leftmost light-shielding member 2 and the rightmost light-shielding member 2 ≥ 4 mm, and the width of the overlapping area between the leftmost light-shielding member 2 and the back surface of the leftmost battery string 101 ≥ 2 mm. The positional relationship between the multiple light-shielding members 2 between the leftmost light-shielding member 2 and the rightmost light-shielding member 2 satisfies: w3 < (w2 + w3) / 2 < w1 < w2, so that the light-shielding member 2 can cover the inter-string gap of the battery string 101.

[0128] Specifically, in a photovoltaic module, the light-leakage area includes at least one of the gap between adjacent battery strings 101 of the photovoltaic module, the gap between the battery string 101 and the bus bar, and the blank area around the battery string 101.

[0129] Preferably, in this embodiment, the light-leakage area includes the gap between adjacent battery strings 101 of the photovoltaic module, the gap between the battery string 101 and the bus bar, and the blank area around the battery string 101. The light-shielding member 2 provided on the adhesive film body 1 can block all the blank areas on the photovoltaic module.

[0130] Specifically, the width of the light-shielding member 2 is greater than the width of the light-leakage area. With such a setting, after the adhesive film is laminated on the photovoltaic module as the back adhesive film 40 and projected along the front-to-back direction of the photovoltaic module, the projection of the light-leakage area completely falls on the light-shielding member 2, so as to fully avoid the light-leakage phenomenon still existing in the light-leakage area after the photovoltaic module is laminated.

[0131] It can be understood that on the adhesive film, the width of the light-shielding member 2 corresponding to the gap between adjacent battery strings 101 of the photovoltaic module is greater than the gap size between adjacent battery strings 101 of the photovoltaic module; the width of the light-shielding member 2 corresponding to the gap between the battery string 101 and the bus bar is greater than the gap between the battery string 101 and the bus bar; the width of the light-shielding member 2 corresponding to the blank area around the battery string 101 is greater than the width of the blank area around the battery string 101.

[0132] The photovoltaic module provided in this embodiment uses the above-mentioned encapsulant film as the back encapsulant film 40. The light-blocking component 2 on the encapsulant film can block all light-leaking areas on the photovoltaic module, so that the front appearance of the photovoltaic module is a continuous and complete black, and the color of the encapsulant film and back sheet behind the photovoltaic module will not be exposed, ultimately making the photovoltaic module uniform and beautiful.

[0133] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions without departing from the protection scope of this utility model. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A film characterized in that, include: Film body (1); A light-shielding member (2) is provided at intervals on the adhesive film body (1) along a first direction. The light-shielding member (2) is configured to block the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module. The light-shielding element (2) is partially embedded in the adhesive film body (1).

2. The film of claim 1, wherein The thickness of the light-shielding member (2) embedded in the adhesive film body (1) is d1, and the thickness of the light-shielding member (2) protruding from the adhesive film body (1) is d2, where d1 > d2.

3. The film of claim 1, wherein The thickness d2 of the light-shielding element protruding from the adhesive film body is 5μm-200μm.

4. The film of claim 1, wherein The thickness of the adhesive film body (1) is d3, and the thickness of the light-shielding member (2) is d4, where d3 > 2d4.

5. The film of claim 1, wherein The light-shielding element (2) includes: The substrate layer (21) is fixedly disposed on the adhesive film body (1); A light-shielding layer (22) is disposed on the side of the substrate layer (21) away from the adhesive film body (1).

6. The film of claim 5, wherein A reflective layer (23) is provided on at least one side of the substrate layer (21).

7. The adhesive film according to claim 5, characterized in that, The light-shielding member (2) further includes an outer layer (24), which is disposed on the side of the light-shielding layer (22) away from the substrate layer (21).

8. A photovoltaic module characterized by, include: Battery cell layer (10); The film according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the light-shielding member (2) of the film is located on the side surface of the film body (1) facing the battery cell layer (10), and the light-shielding member (2) is capable of blocking the light leakage area of ​​the photovoltaic module.

9. The photovoltaic module of claim 8, wherein, The adhesive film body (1) is located on the back side of the battery cell layer (10).

10. The photovoltaic module of claim 9, wherein, The battery cell layer (10) includes multiple battery strings (101), each of which is connected to a solder strip (1011). The width of the light-shielding member (2) is w1, the gap between two adjacent solder strips (1011) of two adjacent battery strings (101) is w2, the gap between two adjacent battery strings (101) is w3, and w1>(w2+w3) / 2.

11. The photovoltaic module of claim 8 or 9, wherein, The light leakage area includes at least one of the gaps between adjacent cell strings (101) of the photovoltaic module, the gap between the cell string (101) and the busbar, and the blank area around the cell string (101).

12. The photovoltaic module of claim 8 or 9, wherein, The width of the light-shielding element (2) is greater than the width of the light-leaking area.

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