Hydraulic pulse screw drill

Abstract

The utility model provides a hydraulic pulse screw drill, which belongs to the technical field of pulse drills and comprises a sleeve, a pulse mechanism and a drill structure, the pulse mechanism and the drill structure are arranged in the sleeve, and a sealing sleeve, a limit ring and a bearing are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve. According to the utility model, the arrangement of the plurality of flow channels improves the whole flow area of drilling fluid, when liquid enters the flow channels from the pressure relief groove, resistance is generated due to direction change and flow channel sectional area change, so that the overall kinetic energy of the drilling fluid is reduced, the flowing pressure of the drilling fluid is reduced, and meanwhile, the total inner wall area of the plurality of flow channels is larger than that of a single pressure relief groove; friction loss is increased when the drilling fluid flows through, energy is further consumed, the pressure of the drilling fluid at an outlet of the flow channel is reduced, the situation that the pressure is too large when the high-pressure drilling fluid is directly sprayed outwards through a single hole, and the outer side well wall is damaged is avoided, and therefore the strength of the well wall is guaranteed, and collapse of the well wall is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of screw drilling tools, and more specifically, to hydraulic pulse screw drilling tools. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic pulse screw drills are downhole power tools used in oil and gas drilling. By adding a pulse generator to the traditional screw drill, periodic hydraulic pulses are generated using fluid dynamics principles, thereby improving drilling performance. Traditional screw drills mainly consist of a stator and a rotor. When high-pressure drilling fluid flows through the helical channel between the stator and rotor, the hydraulic pressure drives the rotor to rotate, and the torque is transmitted to the drill bit through the drive shaft, driving the drill bit to break rock.

[0003] In existing technologies, common hydraulic pulse screw drills achieve rock breaking by intermittently injecting high-pressure drilling fluid into the wellbore. However, the nozzles of common drilling fluids are single holes, and the excessive liquid pressure at the outlet during fluid ejection can easily cause wear on the wellbore, affecting its strength and potentially leading to wellbore collapse. How to invent a hydraulic pulse screw drill to solve these problems has become a pressing issue for those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a hydraulic pulse screw drill, which aims to solve the problem that excessive liquid pressure at the nozzle outlet of common drilling fluids can easily cause wear on the well wall and lead to well wall collapse.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows:

[0006] This utility model provides a hydraulic pulse screw drill, including a casing and a pulse mechanism and drill structure disposed inside the casing. The inner wall of the casing is provided with a sealing sleeve, a limiting ring, and a bearing. An installation groove is formed on the inner side wall of one end of the casing. A spring is installed on the inner wall of the installation groove. Four axisymmetric limiting grooves are formed on the inner side wall of the end of the casing near the installation groove. Multiple pressure relief grooves are formed on the inner side wall of one side of the casing.

[0007] The pulse mechanism includes a stator, a rotor, a connecting rod, and a guide tube. The outer wall of the stator and the inner wall of one end of the sleeve are fixedly connected. The rotor is installed inside the stator. A first universal block is provided at one end of the rotor. Multiple first guide grooves are formed on the first universal block. Universal balls are provided at both ends of the connecting rod. A second universal block is provided at the end of the connecting rod away from the first universal block. Multiple second guide grooves are formed on the second universal block. The guide tube is provided at one end of the second universal block. Multiple water inlets are formed on the side wall of the guide tube. A collar is provided on the outer wall of the side wall of the guide tube near the water inlets. A water outlet is formed on the outer wall of the guide tube away from the water inlets.

[0008] The drill string structure includes a piston block, a slide rod, and a drill rod. The outer wall of the piston block is piston-connected to the inner wall of the casing. A fixing block is provided at one end of the slide rod, and one end of the fixing block is fixedly connected to one end of the drill rod. A drill bit is provided at one end of the drill rod.

[0009] Preferably, the outer wall of the sealing sleeve, the limiting ring, and the bearing is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve, and a guide block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure relief groove, the guide block being conical.

[0010] Preferably, the outer wall of the rotor and the inner wall of the stator are rotatably connected, one end of the rotor is fixedly connected to one end of the first universal block, both ends of the connecting rod are fixedly connected to the side walls of the universal balls, the outer walls of the two ends of the universal balls are movably connected to the inner walls of the first universal block and the second universal block, respectively, and one end of the guide tube and one end of the second universal block are fixedly connected.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the collar and the outer wall of the guide pipe are fixedly connected, the inner diameter of the water outlet is the same as the inner diameter of the pressure relief groove, the outer wall of the guide pipe and the inner wall of the bearing are fixedly connected, and the inner side wall of the pressure relief groove is provided with multiple axisymmetrically arranged flow channels.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the slide rod and the inner wall of the limiting ring are slidably connected, one end of the fixing block abuts against one end of the side wall of the spring, one end of the spring near the fixing block abuts against one side of the inner wall of the mounting groove, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting groove, and a limiting block that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove is fixedly connected to the side wall of the drill rod.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the flow channel is equipped with a plurality of airbag rings, and the outer wall of the airbag rings is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow channel.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] The multiple flow channels increase the overall flow area of ​​the drilling fluid. When the fluid enters the flow channels from the pressure relief tank, the change in direction and the change in the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channels create resistance, thereby reducing the overall kinetic energy of the drilling fluid and thus reducing the flow pressure. At the same time, the total inner wall area of ​​multiple flow channels is larger than that of a single pressure relief tank, increasing friction loss as the drilling fluid flows through, further consuming energy, and thus reducing the drilling fluid pressure at the flow channel outlet. This prevents the high-pressure drilling fluid from being directly ejected outward through a single hole, causing excessive pressure and damaging the outer well wall, thus ensuring the strength of the well wall and preventing its collapse. The air bladder rings on the inner wall of the flow channels compress the high-pressure drilling fluid when it comes into contact with the air bladder rings during the flow of the drilling fluid. The drilling fluid is forced to slow down and expand the space of the flow channels, converting the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid into the elastic potential energy of the air bladder rings, resulting in a decrease in the flow velocity of the drilling fluid, thereby further reducing the pressure at the flow channel outlet and further preventing the well wall from being damaged and ensuring the strength of the well wall. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic pulse screw drill provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic pulse screw drill provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This utility model provides a hydraulic pulse screw drill. Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure of region A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 4 This utility model provides a hydraulic pulse screw drill. Figure 2 Enlarged view of the structure of region B in the middle;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a half-sectional view of the hydraulic pulse screw drill structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 This utility model provides a hydraulic pulse screw drill. Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure of region C in the middle;

[0024] Figure 7 This utility model provides a hydraulic pulse screw drill. Figure 5 Enlarged view of the structure of region D in the middle.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Sleeve; 11. Sealing sleeve; 12. Limiting ring; 13. Mounting groove; 14. Spring; 15. Limiting groove; 16. Bearing; 17. Pressure relief groove; 171. Guide block; 172. Flow channel; 18. Airbag ring; 2. Stator; 3. Rotor; 31. First universal joint; 32. First guide groove; 4. Connecting rod; 41. Universal ball; 5. Second universal joint; 51. Second guide groove; 6. Guide pipe; 61. Water inlet; 62. Collar; 63. Water outlet; 7. Piston block; 71. Sliding rod; 72. Fixing block; 8. Drill rod; 81. Limiting block; 82. Drill bit. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0027] Example, refer to Figures 1-7 The hydraulic pulse screw drill includes a casing 1 and a pulse mechanism and drill structure disposed inside the casing 1. The inner wall of the casing 1 is provided with a sealing sleeve 11, a limiting ring 12, and a bearing 16. An installation groove 13 is opened on the inner side wall of one end of the casing 1. A spring 14 is installed on the inner wall of the installation groove 13. Four axisymmetric limiting grooves 15 are opened on the inner side wall of the end of the casing 1 near the installation groove 13. Multiple pressure relief grooves 17 are opened on one side of the inner wall of the casing 1.

[0028] The pulse mechanism includes a stator 2, a rotor 3, a connecting rod 4, and a guide tube 6. The outer wall of the stator 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the sleeve 1. The rotor 3 is installed inside the stator 2. A first universal block 31 is provided at one end of the rotor 3. Multiple first guide grooves 32 are provided on the first universal block 31. Universal balls 41 are provided at both ends of the connecting rod 4. A second universal block 5 is provided at the end of the connecting rod 4 away from the first universal block 31. Multiple second guide grooves 51 are provided on the second universal block 5. The guide tube 6 is provided at one end of the second universal block 5. Multiple water inlets 61 are provided on the side wall of the guide tube 6. A collar 62 is provided on the outer wall of the side wall of the guide tube 6 near the water inlets 61. A water outlet 63 is provided on the outer wall of the guide tube 6 away from the water inlets 61.

[0029] The drill string structure includes a piston block 7, a slide rod 71, and a drill rod 8. The outer wall of the piston block 7 is connected to the inner wall of the casing 1 by a piston. A fixing block 72 is provided at one end of the slide rod 71. One end of the fixing block 72 is fixedly connected to one end of the drill rod 8. A drill bit 82 is provided at one end of the drill rod 8.

[0030] Furthermore; the outer walls of the sealing sleeve 11, the limiting ring 12, and the bearing 16 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 1; the inner wall of the pressure relief groove 17 is fixedly connected to a guide block 171, which is conical; the outer wall of the rotor 3 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the stator 2; one end of the rotor 3 is fixedly connected to one end of the first universal joint 31; both ends of the connecting rod 4 are fixedly connected to the side walls of the universal ball 41; the outer walls of the two universal balls 41 are movably connected to the inner walls of the first universal joint 31 and the second universal joint 5, respectively; one end of the guide pipe 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the second universal joint 5; and the inner wall of the collar 62 is connected to the guide pipe 6. The outer wall of the water outlet 63 is fixedly connected to the inner diameter of the pressure relief groove 17. The outer wall of the guide pipe 6 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bearing 16. The inner side wall of the pressure relief groove 17 is provided with multiple axisymmetrically arranged flow channels 172. The outer wall of the slide rod 71 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting ring 12. One end of the fixing block 72 abuts against one end of the side wall of the spring 14. The end of the spring 14 near the fixing block 72 abuts against one side of the inner wall of the mounting groove 13. The other end of the spring 14 is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting groove 13. The side wall of the drill rod 8 is fixedly connected to a limiting block 81 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove 15.

[0031] It should be noted that: the two ends of the connecting rod 4 are connected by universal balls 41, which restricts the axial displacement of the rotor 3. During operation, the high-pressure drilling fluid enters the stator 2 through one end of the casing 1. The drilling fluid flows through the gap between the stator 2 and the rotor 3. During the flow, the rotor 3 continuously rotates centrifugally. One end of the connecting rod 4 is driven to rotate by the action of the first universal block 31 and the universal ball 41 at one end of the connecting rod 4. At the same time, the universal ball 41 at the other end of the connecting rod 4 cooperates with the second universal block 5 to rotate the guide pipe 6. During this process, the drilling fluid enters the gap between the casing 1 and the guide pipe 6 through the interior of the stator 2, the first guide groove 32 on the first universal block 31, and the second guide groove 51 on the second universal block 5. Then, the drilling fluid enters the interior of the guide pipe 6 through the water inlet 61 and abuts against the piston block 7 through the sealing sleeve 11. On the side wall of the casing, some drilling fluid flows out through the outlet hole 63 on the other side wall of the guide pipe 6. During this process, the guide pipe 6 rotates continuously. When the outlet hole 63 and the pressure relief groove 17 are not aligned, the drilling fluid cannot flow out of the casing 1, which increases the pressure between the sealing sleeve 11 and the piston block 7. This forces the piston block 7 to drive the sliding rod 71 and the fixed block 72 on one side to squeeze the spring 14 and slide, thereby causing the drill rod 8 to drive the drill bit 82 at one end to extend outward. When the outlet hole 63 and the pressure relief groove 17 are aligned, the drilling fluid in the casing 1 is sprayed outward through the multiple flow channels 172 opened on the side wall of the pressure relief groove 17. At this time, the pressure inside the casing 1 decreases, and the spring 14 returns, thereby driving the drill rod 8 and the drill bit 82 at one end to retract. During this process, the reciprocating extension and retraction of the drill bit 82 is realized, realizing the pulse action of the drill bit 82.

[0032] When drilling fluid enters the pressure relief tank 17, the conical guide block 171 effectively guides the flow direction of the drilling fluid, preventing high-pressure drilling fluid from impacting the inner wall of the pressure relief tank 17 for extended periods and causing wear. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the multiple flow channels 172 formed on the inner wall of the pressure relief tank 17, the drilling fluid, guided by the guide block 171, quickly flows through the multiple flow channels 172 and is ejected onto the well wall outside the casing 1. The multiple flow channels 172 increase the overall flow area of ​​the drilling fluid, allowing the liquid to enter the flow channels 172 from the pressure relief tank 17. When the direction changes and the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel 172 changes, resistance is generated, thereby reducing the overall kinetic energy of the drilling fluid and the flow pressure of the drilling fluid. At the same time, the total inner wall area of ​​multiple flow channels 172 is larger than that of a single pressure relief groove 17, and the friction loss increases when the drilling fluid flows through, further consuming energy, thereby reducing the drilling fluid pressure at the outlet of the flow channel 172. This avoids excessive pressure when high-pressure drilling fluid is directly ejected to the outside through a single hole, which could damage the outer well wall and thus ensure the strength of the well wall and prevent it from collapsing.

[0033] Furthermore, multiple airbag rings 18 are installed on the inner wall of the flow channel 172, and the outer wall of the airbag ring 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow channel 172.

[0034] It should be noted that during the process of drilling fluid passing through flow channel 172, the high-pressure drilling fluid is compressed when it comes into contact with the airbag ring 18. The drilling fluid is forced to slow down and expand the space of flow channel 172, converting the kinetic energy of the drilling fluid into the elastic potential energy of the airbag ring 18, which leads to a decrease in the flow rate of the drilling fluid. This further reduces the pressure at the outlet of flow channel 172, further preventing damage to the well wall and ensuring the strength of the well wall.

[0035] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A hydropulse screw drill, comprising a casing (1) and a pulse mechanism and a drill structure arranged inside the casing (1), characterized in that, The inner wall of the sleeve (1) is provided with a sealing sleeve (11), a limiting ring (12), and a bearing (16). An installation groove (13) is provided on the inner side wall of one end of the sleeve (1). A spring (14) is installed on the inner wall of the installation groove (13). Four axisymmetric limiting grooves (15) are provided on the inner side wall of the end of the sleeve (1) near the installation groove (13). Multiple pressure relief grooves (17) are provided on one side of the inner wall of the sleeve (1). The pulse mechanism includes a stator (2), a rotor (3), a connecting rod (4), and a guide tube (6). The outer wall of the stator (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one end of the sleeve (1). The rotor (3) is installed inside the stator (2). A first universal block (31) is provided at one end of the rotor (3). A plurality of first guide grooves (32) are provided on the first universal block (31). Universal balls (41) are provided at both ends of the connecting rod (4). The connecting rod (4) is far from the first universal ball. A second universal block (5) is provided at one end of the universal block (31). Multiple second guide grooves (51) are provided on the second universal block (5). The guide pipe (6) is provided at one end of the second universal block (5). Multiple water inlet holes (61) are provided on the side wall of the guide pipe (6). A collar (62) is provided on the outer wall of the side wall of the guide pipe (6) near the water inlet hole (61). A water outlet hole (63) is provided on the outer wall of the guide pipe (6) away from the water inlet hole (61). The drill structure includes a piston block (7), a slide rod (71) and a drill rod (8). The outer wall of the piston block (7) is piston-connected to the inner wall of the casing (1). A fixing block (72) is provided at one end of the slide rod (71). One end of the fixing block (72) is fixedly connected to one end of the drill rod (8). A drill bit (82) is provided at one end of the drill rod (8).

2. The hydraulic pulse screw-in drill tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer walls of the sealing sleeve (11), the limiting ring (12) and the bearing (16) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (1), and the inner wall of the pressure relief groove (17) is fixedly connected to a guide block (171), which is conical.

3. The hydraulic pulse screw-in probe of claim 2, wherein, The outer wall of the rotor (3) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the stator (2). One end of the rotor (3) is fixedly connected to one end of the first universal block (31). Both ends of the connecting rod (4) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the universal ball (41). The outer walls of the universal balls (41) at both ends are movably connected to the inner walls of the first universal block (31) and the second universal block (5), respectively. One end of the guide tube (6) is fixedly connected to one end of the second universal block (5).

4. The hydraulic pulse screw-in probe of claim 3, wherein, The inner wall of the collar (62) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the guide pipe (6), the inner diameter of the outlet hole (63) is the same as the inner diameter of the pressure relief groove (17), the outer wall of the guide pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the bearing (16), and the inner side wall of the pressure relief groove (17) is provided with multiple axisymmetrically arranged flow channels (172).

5. The hydraulic pulse screw-in probe of claim 4, wherein, The outer wall of the slide rod (71) and the inner wall of the limiting ring (12) are slidably connected. One end of the fixing block (72) abuts against one end of the side wall of the spring (14). One end of the spring (14) near the fixing block (72) abuts against one side of the inner wall of the mounting groove (13). The other end of the spring (14) is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting groove (13). The side wall of the drill rod (8) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (81) that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the limiting groove (15).

6. The hydraulic pulse screw-in probe of claim 5, wherein, The inner wall of the flow channel (172) is equipped with a plurality of airbag rings (18), and the outer wall of the airbag rings (18) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the flow channel (172).

Images