Uniform-temperature micro-channel phase change cold plate

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of cold plates, in particular to a uniform-temperature micro-channel phase change cold plate which comprises a cold plate body. An upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity are arranged in the cold plate body at intervals; the middle cavity is arranged between the upper cavity and the lower cavity; the cold plate body is provided with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe; the liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the middle cavity; the liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the upper cavity; the middle cavity is communicated with the lower cavity; and the lower cavity is communicated with the upper cavity. Through the arrangement of the upper cavity, the middle cavity and the lower cavity, a refrigerant entering the middle cavity can exchange heat with a refrigerant in the upper cavity and a refrigerant in the lower cavity respectively, so that the temperature of the refrigerant in the middle cavity is increased, and the refrigerant is changed into a low supercooling degree state or a vapor-liquid two-phase state; and the temperature of the refrigerant in the vapor-liquid two-phase state is not changed after the refrigerant absorbs heat until the liquid refrigerant is completely changed into the gaseous refrigerant, so that the temperature uniformity of the cold plate is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cold plate technology, specifically to a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development of artificial intelligence and big data, the demand for compact, high-performance chips is constantly increasing, leading to a continuous increase in their power and heat flux density. Chip performance and lifespan are closely related to their temperature and temperature uniformity. High temperatures degrade chip performance, and poor temperature uniformity generates thermal stress and strain, which can cause permanent damage to the chip in severe cases. Therefore, properly controlling the temperature and temperature uniformity of cold plates has become particularly important.

[0003] Microchannel two-phase heat sinks have a compact structure and undergo phase change during the flow heat exchange process. The liquid refrigerant absorbs a large amount of heat and vaporizes into gas. Utilizing the principle of flow boiling heat exchange, they have advantages such as small required refrigerant flow rate, high heat transfer coefficient, and uniform temperature distribution, making them suitable for heat dissipation of high heat flux density chips.

[0004] However, in existing microchannel two-phase radiators, the refrigerant with a high degree of subcooling enters the cold plate, causing the temperature of the subcooled refrigerant to rise, resulting in poor temperature uniformity of the cold plate. In addition, the refrigerant enters the microchannel area through a single inlet, resulting in uneven distribution of the refrigerant and poor temperature uniformity. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology by providing a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate, comprising a cold plate body; an upper cavity, a middle cavity, and a lower cavity are spaced apart within the cold plate body; the middle cavity is located between the upper cavity and the lower cavity; the cold plate body is provided with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe; the inlet pipe is connected to the middle cavity; the outlet pipe is connected to the upper cavity; the middle cavity is connected to the lower cavity; and the lower cavity is connected to the upper cavity.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that a first partition and a second partition are provided inside the cold plate body; the first partition and the second partition divide the cold plate body into an upper cavity, a middle cavity and a lower cavity; the upper cavity is located at the top of the first partition; the middle cavity is located between the first partition and the second partition; and the lower cavity is located at the bottom of the second partition.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the liquid inlet pipe passes through the upper cavity.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the liquid inlet pipe is located on one side of the cold plate body along the length direction; and the liquid outlet pipe is located on the other side of the cold plate body along the length direction.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that a guide tube is provided between the upper cavity and the lower cavity; the guide tube passes through the middle cavity; and the guide tube is located on one side of the cold plate body along the length direction.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the second partition is provided with a flow guide port; the flow guide port is located on the other side of the cold plate body along the length direction.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the second partition is provided with a plurality of flow guide ports; the plurality of flow guide ports are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the cold plate body.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the lower cavity is provided with multiple ribs; the ribs extend along the length direction of the cold plate body; and microchannels are formed between the multiple ribs.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that a gap is provided between the rib and the second partition.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the top of the first partition is provided with a first rib and a second rib; both the first rib and the second rib extend along the width direction of the cold plate body; a first opening is provided between the first rib and one side of the cold plate body along the width direction; and a second opening is provided between the second rib and the other side of the cold plate body along the width direction.

[0016] The top of the second partition is provided with a third rib corresponding to the first rib and a fourth rib corresponding to the second rib; a third opening is provided between the third rib and the other side of the cold plate body along the width direction; a fourth opening is provided between the fourth rib and the other side of the cold plate body along the width direction.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: By setting up an upper cavity, a middle cavity, and a lower cavity, the refrigerant entering the middle cavity can exchange heat with the refrigerants in the upper cavity and the lower cavity respectively. This causes the temperature of the refrigerant in the middle cavity to rise, and the refrigerant becomes a low subcooled state or a vapor-liquid two-phase state. The temperature of the refrigerant in the vapor-liquid two-phase state remains unchanged after absorbing heat until all the liquid refrigerant becomes gaseous refrigerant, thus ensuring the uniformity of the cold plate temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after concealing the cold plate body;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure hidden behind the first partition.

[0023] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the middle;

[0024] The components are: 1. Cold plate body; 11. Upper cavity; 12. Middle cavity; 13. Lower cavity; 21. Liquid inlet pipe; 22. Liquid outlet pipe; 31. First partition; 32. Second partition; 4. Guide pipe; 5. Guide port; 61. Rib; 62. Microchannel; 63. Gap; 71. First rib; 72. Second rib; 73. First opening; 74. Second opening; 81. Third rib; 82. Fourth rib; 83. Third opening; 84. Fourth opening. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the following embodiments.

[0026] Depend on Figures 1 to 5 As can be seen, the uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate described in this embodiment includes a cold plate body 1; the cold plate body 1 is provided with an upper cavity 11, a middle cavity 12 and a lower cavity 13 spaced apart; the middle cavity 12 is located between the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 13; the cold plate body 1 is provided with an inlet pipe 21 and an outlet pipe 22; the inlet pipe 21 is connected to the middle cavity 12; the outlet pipe 22 is connected to the upper cavity 11; the middle cavity 12 is connected to the lower cavity 13; and the lower cavity 13 is connected to the upper cavity 11.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, the uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate is used by placing the heating element at the bottom of the cold plate body 1. The refrigerant enters the middle cavity 12 from the liquid inlet pipe 21, and then flows from the middle cavity 12 into the lower cavity 13. The heating element exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the lower cavity 13. Then, the refrigerant flows into the upper cavity 11 and out from the liquid outlet pipe 22. Through the above arrangement, the refrigerant entering the middle cavity 12 can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the upper cavity 11 and the refrigerant in the lower cavity 13 respectively, so that the temperature of the refrigerant in the middle cavity 12 increases, and the refrigerant becomes a low subcooled state or a vapor-liquid two-phase state. The temperature of the vapor-liquid two-phase refrigerant remains unchanged after absorbing heat until all the liquid refrigerant becomes gaseous refrigerant, thus ensuring the uniformity of the cold plate temperature.

[0028] This embodiment describes a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate. The cold plate body 1 is provided with a first partition 31 and a second partition 32. The first partition 31 and the second partition 32 divide the cold plate body 1 into an upper cavity 11, a middle cavity 12, and a lower cavity 13. The upper cavity 11 is located at the top of the first partition 31; the middle cavity 12 is located between the first partition 31 and the second partition 32; and the lower cavity 13 is located at the bottom of the second partition 32. This arrangement effectively isolates the various cavities.

[0029] In this embodiment, a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate is described, wherein the liquid inlet pipe 21 is inserted into the upper cavity 11. With this configuration, refrigerant with a high degree of subcooling enters through the liquid inlet pipe 21, passes through the area of ​​the upper cavity 11, and directly enters the middle cavity 12. As the refrigerant passes through the area of ​​the upper cavity 11 from the liquid inlet pipe 21, it can exchange heat with the refrigerant in the upper cavity 11, causing the refrigerant entering the middle cavity 12 to heat up and reduce its subcooling.

[0030] In this embodiment, a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate is described, wherein the liquid inlet pipe 21 is located on one side of the cold plate body 1 along its length, and the liquid outlet pipe 22 is located on the other side of the cold plate body 1 along its length. Specifically, this arrangement allows the refrigerant to flow sufficiently through each cavity.

[0031] In this embodiment, a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate is provided, wherein a guide pipe 4 is provided between the upper cavity 11 and the lower cavity 13; the guide pipe 4 passes through the middle cavity 12; and the guide pipe 4 is located on one side of the cold plate body 1 along its length. This arrangement allows the refrigerant in the lower cavity 13 to flow stably into the upper cavity 11; and the refrigerant flowing out of the lower cavity 13 can also exchange heat with the refrigerant in the middle cavity 12 when passing through the middle cavity 12, thereby increasing the temperature of the refrigerant in the middle cavity 12.

[0032] In this embodiment, a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate is provided with a flow guide 5 through the second partition 32; the flow guide 5 is located on the other side of the cold plate body 1 along the length direction.

[0033] Specifically, the liquid inlet pipe 21, the guide port 5, the guide pipe 4, and the liquid outlet pipe 22 are alternately arranged on both sides of the cold plate body 1 along the length direction, so that the refrigerant can flow fully through each cavity.

[0034] In this embodiment, a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate is described, wherein the second partition 32 is provided with multiple flow guide ports 5; the multiple flow guide ports 5 are equally spaced along the width direction of the cold plate body 1. This arrangement allows the refrigerant to enter the lower cavity 13 more uniformly, which is beneficial to the temperature uniformity of the cold plate.

[0035] This embodiment describes a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate, wherein the lower cavity 13 is provided with multiple ribs 61; the ribs 61 extend along the length direction of the cold plate body 1; and microchannels 62 are formed between the multiple ribs 61. Specifically, the ribs 61 are made by processing techniques such as tooth cutting, micro-electrical discharge wire cutting, photolithography, or 3D printing. The microchannels 62 increase the contact area between the refrigerant and the phase change cold plate. Furthermore, the heat transfer coefficient of the microchannel 62 region is relatively high, which is beneficial for heat dissipation of electronic devices with high heat flux density. The refrigerant is heated and vaporized in the microchannel 62 region, and part of the liquid refrigerant becomes gaseous, thereby undergoing boiling heat exchange. The high heat transfer coefficient reduces the temperature of electronic devices.

[0036] In this embodiment, a uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate is provided, with a gap 63 between the rib 61 and the second partition 32. Specifically, the refrigerant is heated and vaporized in the microchannel 62 region, and part of the liquid refrigerant becomes gaseous. The gaseous refrigerant is lifted and collects in the gap 63 at the upper part of the microchannel 62 region, which can prevent the gaseous refrigerant from becoming blocked in the microchannel 62, thus preventing drastic fluctuations in flow, pressure, and temperature.

[0037] The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate described in this embodiment has a first rib 71 and a second rib 72 on the top of the first partition 31; both the first rib 71 and the second rib 72 extend along the width direction of the cold plate body 1; a first opening 73 is provided between the first rib 71 and one side of the cold plate body 1 along the width direction; and a second opening 74 is provided between the second rib 72 and the other side of the cold plate body 1 along the width direction.

[0038] The top of the second partition 32 is provided with a third rib 81 corresponding to the first rib 71 and a fourth rib 82 corresponding to the second rib 72; a third opening 83 is provided between the third rib 81 and the other side of the cold plate body 1 along the width direction; a fourth opening 84 is provided between the fourth rib 82 and the other side of the cold plate body 1 along the width direction.

[0039] Specifically, through the above-described configuration, this embodiment can improve the heat exchange of the refrigerant between the upper cavity 11 and the middle cavity 12, and the refrigerant in the middle cavity 12 and the upper cavity 11 flows in a counter-current manner in the middle section, which improves the heat exchange performance and reduces the subcooling of the refrigerant entering the lower cavity 13, thereby improving the temperature uniformity of the cold plate.

[0040] In this embodiment, the refrigerant entering the microchannel 62 region of the cold plate body 1 is kept in a low subcooling state or a gas-liquid two-phase state as much as possible, resulting in a high heat transfer coefficient. The surface temperature of the cold plate body 1 remains constant, ensuring the temperature and internal temperature consistency of the electronic devices and solving the heat dissipation problem of high heat flux density. The subcooled refrigerant entering the cold plate body 1 exchanges heat with the refrigerant about to exit the cold plate body 1, making the refrigerant entering the microchannel 62 region a low subcooling state or a gas-liquid two-phase state. When in the two-phase region, the refrigerant undergoes boiling heat transfer in the microchannel 62 region, resulting in a high heat transfer coefficient and reducing the temperature of the electronic devices. The surface temperature of the cold plate remains constant when in the two-phase region, ensuring the temperature uniformity of the electronic devices. In addition, there is a gap 63 at the top of the microchannel 62 region. When the refrigerant undergoes phase change to gas, the gas gathers in the gap 63 region at the top of the microchannel 62 region. Compared with the method of the microchannel 62 being pushed against the upper edge of the space in the prior art, the problem of bubble blockage of the microchannel 62 is avoided, and the problem of uneven flow caused by inconsistent refrigerant pressure in various channels is avoided, which leads to poor temperature uniformity of the cold plate surface. Furthermore, the refrigerant in the middle cavity 12 enters the microchannel 62 region of the lower cavity 13 through multiple guide ports 5 with the assistance of gravity, ensuring that the refrigerant is evenly distributed to each channel in the microchannel 62 region, thus guaranteeing the uniformity of flow distribution and the stability of heat exchange.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model.

Claims

1. A uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate, characterized by: The cold plate body (1) includes an upper cavity (11), a middle cavity (12) and a lower cavity (13) spaced apart within the cold plate body (1); the middle cavity (12) is located between the upper cavity (11) and the lower cavity (13); the cold plate body (1) is provided with an inlet pipe (21) and an outlet pipe (22); the inlet pipe (21) is connected to the middle cavity (12); the outlet pipe (22) is connected to the upper cavity (11); the middle cavity (12) is connected to the lower cavity (13); and the lower cavity (13) is connected to the upper cavity (11).

2. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate of claim 1, wherein: The cold plate body (1) is provided with a first partition (31) and a second partition (32); the first partition (31) and the second partition (32) divide the cold plate body (1) into an upper cavity (11), a middle cavity (12) and a lower cavity (13); the upper cavity (11) is located at the top of the first partition (31); the middle cavity (12) is located between the first partition (31) and the second partition (32); the lower cavity (13) is located at the bottom of the second partition (32).

3. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate of claim 2, wherein: The liquid inlet pipe (21) is inserted into the upper cavity (11).

4. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate of claim 2, wherein: The inlet pipe (21) is located on one side of the cold plate body (1) along the length direction; the outlet pipe (22) is located on the other side of the cold plate body (1) along the length direction.

5. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate of claim 2, wherein: A guide pipe (4) is provided between the upper cavity (11) and the lower cavity (13); the guide pipe (4) passes through the middle cavity (12); the guide pipe (4) is located on one side of the cold plate body (1) along the length direction.

6. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate of claim 2, wherein: The second partition (32) is provided with a flow guide (5); the flow guide (5) is located on the other side of the cold plate body (1) along the length direction.

7. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate of claim 6, wherein: The second partition (32) is provided with multiple flow guides (5); the multiple flow guides (5) are equally spaced along the width direction of the cold plate body (1).

8. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower cavity (13) is provided with multiple ribs (61); the ribs (61) extend along the length of the cold plate body (1); microchannels (62) are formed between the multiple ribs (61).

9. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate of claim 8, wherein: A gap (63) is provided between the rib (61) and the second partition (32).

10. The uniform temperature microchannel phase change cold plate of claim 2, wherein: The top of the first partition (31) is provided with a first rib (71) and a second rib (72); the first rib (71) and the second rib (72) both extend along the width direction of the cold plate body (1); a first opening (73) is provided between the first rib (71) and one side of the cold plate body (1) along the width direction; a second opening (74) is provided between the second rib (72) and the other side of the cold plate body (1) along the width direction. The top of the second partition (32) is provided with a third rib (81) corresponding to the first rib (71) and a fourth rib (82) corresponding to the second rib (72); the third rib (81) and the other side of the cold plate body (1) along the width direction are provided with a third opening (83); the fourth rib (82) and the cold plate body (1) along the width direction are provided with a fourth opening (84).

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