Capacitor withstand voltage tester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a capacitor withstand voltage tester, which relates to the field of withstand voltage testing and comprises a battery, a high voltage generation module, a sampling resistor, a proportional amplification module, a comparison module and a display module. The anode of the battery is connected with the input end of the high-voltage generation module, and the cathode of the battery is grounded; the output end of the high-voltage generation module is connected with the first end of the capacitor and used for providing fixed voltage. The proportional amplification module is used for amplifying the voltage at the two ends of the sampling resistor to obtain an output voltage; the comparison module is used for comparing the reference voltage with the output voltage; the second end of the display module is grounded and is used for representing the leakage current to determine the withstand voltage value of the capacitor. It can be seen that in the withstand voltage test process, the high voltage generation module is used for providing fixed voltages of different gears for the capacitor, the comparison module is used for comparing the reference voltage and the output voltage, then the leakage current is represented through the display module to determine the withstand voltage value of the capacitor, the application scene is expanded, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of withstand voltage testing, and in particular to a capacitor withstand voltage tester. Background Technology

[0002] Capacitor withstand voltage testing is an important method for evaluating the insulation performance of capacitors. Its purpose is to verify whether a capacitor can operate normally without breakdown or leakage at its operating voltage or higher. For example, when an electrolytic capacitor exceeds its rated withstand voltage, the internal insulation will break down, leading to a short circuit or leakage, thus affecting the normal operation of the equipment. Through withstand voltage testing, the capacitor's withstand voltage value can be determined, avoiding safety hazards caused by capacitor failure. Currently available capacitor withstand voltage testers typically set the current first and determine the withstand voltage value by observing the voltage. This has limited application scenarios, and the voltage gradually increases during the withstand voltage test, increasing the testing time and affecting work efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a capacitor withstand voltage tester. During the withstand voltage test, a high voltage generating module provides the capacitor with fixed voltages at different levels, and a comparison module compares the reference voltage and the output voltage. Then, a display module characterizes the leakage current to determine the capacitor's withstand voltage value, thus expanding the application scenarios and improving work efficiency.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a capacitor withstand voltage tester, including a battery, a high voltage generation module, a sampling resistor, a proportional amplification module, a comparison module, and a display module;

[0005] The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the input terminal of the high voltage generating module, the negative terminal of the battery is grounded, the output terminal of the high voltage generating module is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor, and the high voltage generating module is used to provide fixed voltages of different levels based on the voltage of the battery.

[0006] The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the common terminal of the second end of the capacitor and the non-inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module, and the common terminal of the connection is grounded.

[0007] The output terminal of the proportional amplifier module is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator module, the power supply terminal of the proportional amplifier module is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the proportional amplifier module is grounded.

[0008] The inverting input terminal of the comparison module is connected to a reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparison module is connected to the first terminal of the display module, the power supply terminal of the comparison module is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the comparison module is grounded.

[0009] The second terminal of the display module is grounded to characterize the leakage current and determine the withstand voltage of the capacitor.

[0010] Optionally, the display module includes N LEDs, where N is an integer not less than 2;

[0011] Accordingly, the comparison module includes N pull-up resistors, N pull-down resistors, and N comparators;

[0012] The first end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the common terminal of the first end of the pull-down resistor and the inverting input of the comparator.

[0013] The second terminal of the pull-down resistor is grounded;

[0014] The non-inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to the output terminal of the proportional amplifier module, the output terminal of the comparator is connected to the positive terminal of the LED, the power supply terminal of the comparator is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the comparator is grounded.

[0015] The negative terminal of the LED light is grounded.

[0016] Optionally, the display module further includes a buzzer;

[0017] Accordingly, the comparison module includes N+1 pull-up resistors, N+1 pull-down resistors, and N+1 comparators;

[0018] The first end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the common terminal of the first end of the pull-down resistor and the inverting input terminal of the comparator, so as to provide the reference voltage for the comparator together with the pull-down resistor;

[0019] The second terminal of the pull-down resistor is grounded;

[0020] The non-inverting input terminals of N comparators are connected to the output terminal of the proportional amplifier module, the output terminals of N comparators are connected to the positive terminal of the LED, the non-inverting input terminal of 1 comparator is connected to the output terminal of the proportional amplifier module, the output terminal of 1 comparator is connected to the first terminal of the buzzer, the power supply terminals of all comparators are connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminals of all comparators are grounded.

[0021] The negative terminal of the LED light is grounded;

[0022] The second terminal of the buzzer is grounded.

[0023] Optionally, the proportional amplifier module includes two proportional amplifiers, each of which includes a first input resistor, a second input resistor, a feedback resistor, a first current-limiting resistor, and a differential amplifier.

[0024] The first end of the first input resistor is connected to the common terminal of the sampling resistor and the capacitor, and the second end of the first input resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier.

[0025] The first end of the second input resistor is connected to the second end of the sampling resistor, and the common terminal of the connection is grounded. The second end of the second input resistor is connected to the common terminal of the inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier and the first end of the feedback resistor.

[0026] The second end of the feedback resistor is connected to the common terminal of the output terminal of the differential amplifier and the first end of the first current limiting resistor;

[0027] The second end of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the comparison module;

[0028] The power supply terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the differential amplifier is grounded.

[0029] Optionally, it also includes a charging module and a power switch. The charging module is connected in parallel with the battery and is connected to an external power source through a charging port. The first terminal of the power switch is connected to the common terminal of the charging module and the battery, and the second terminal of the power switch is connected to the input terminal of the high-voltage generating module.

[0030] Optionally, it also includes a voltage conversion module, the input terminal of which is connected to the battery, the output terminal of which is connected to the power supply terminal of the proportional amplifier module and the power supply terminal of the comparator module, and the ground terminal of which is grounded, for converting the voltage of the battery into the power supply voltage.

[0031] Optionally, a second current-limiting resistor, a third current-limiting resistor, and a fourth current-limiting resistor may also be included;

[0032] The first end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the output end of the high-voltage generating module, and the second end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the capacitor;

[0033] The first end of the third current-limiting resistor is connected to the second end of the capacitor, and the second end of the third current-limiting resistor is connected to the common end of the first end of the sampling resistor and the non-inverting input of the proportional amplifier module.

[0034] The first end of the fourth current-limiting resistor is connected to the output end of the comparison module, and the second end of the fourth current-limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the display module.

[0035] Optionally, it also includes tweezer-type test probes, through which the capacitor is connected to the high-voltage generating module and the sampling resistor.

[0036] Optionally, a conductive silicone sheet may also be included, which is used for capacitor discharge.

[0037] Optionally, the high-voltage generating module includes M voltage divider resistors and a range switch, wherein the range switch includes a fixed terminal and M movable terminals, where M is an integer not less than 2;

[0038] M voltage divider resistors are connected in series, with one end of the series connection connected to the positive terminal of the battery and the other end connected to one of the movable terminals of the gear switch.

[0039] The M-1 movable terminals of the gear switch are connected one-to-one with the common terminal of each pair of adjacent voltage divider resistors in the M voltage divider resistors; the fixed terminal of the gear switch is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor.

[0040] This application provides a capacitor withstand voltage tester, including a battery, a high-voltage generation module, a sampling resistor, a proportional amplifier module, a comparator module, and a display module. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the input terminal of the high-voltage generation module, and the negative terminal of the battery is grounded. The output terminal of the high-voltage generation module is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor. The first terminal of the sampling resistor is connected to the common terminal of the second terminal of the capacitor and the non-inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module, and the second terminal of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module, with the common terminal grounded. The output terminal of the proportional amplifier module is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator module. The power supply terminal of the proportional amplifier module is connected to a power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the proportional amplifier module is grounded, used to amplify the voltage across the sampling resistor to obtain an output voltage. The inverting input terminal of the comparator module is connected to a reference voltage. The output terminal of the comparator module is connected to the first terminal of the display module. The power supply terminal of the comparator module is connected to a power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the comparator module is grounded, used to compare the magnitudes of the reference voltage and the output voltage. The second terminal of the display module is grounded, used to characterize the leakage current to determine the withstand voltage value of the capacitor. As can be seen, this application utilizes a high-voltage generation module to provide the capacitor with fixed voltages at different levels during the withstand voltage test, and uses a comparison module to compare the magnitude of the reference voltage and the output voltage. Then, the display module characterizes the leakage current to determine the withstand voltage value of the capacitor, thus expanding the application scenarios and improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the prior art and embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a capacitor withstand voltage tester provided by this utility model;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a specific capacitor withstand voltage tester provided by this utility model;

[0044] Figure 3 An external view of a capacitor withstand voltage tester provided by this utility model;

[0045] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1 is the high voltage generating module, 2 is the proportional amplification module, 3 is the comparison module, and 4 is the display module. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The core of this invention is to provide a capacitor withstand voltage tester. During the withstand voltage test, a high voltage generating module provides the capacitor with fixed voltages at different levels, and a comparison module compares the reference voltage and the output voltage. Then, a display module characterizes the leakage current to determine the capacitor's withstand voltage value, thus expanding the application scenarios and improving work efficiency.

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The schematic diagram of a capacitor withstand voltage tester provided by this utility model.

[0049] This capacitor withstand voltage tester includes a battery, a high-voltage generation module 1, a sampling resistor RT, a proportional amplifier module 2, a comparison module 3, and a display module 4. The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the input terminal of the high-voltage generation module 1, and the negative terminal of the battery is grounded. The output terminal of the high-voltage generation module 1 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C. The first terminal of the sampling resistor RT is connected to the common terminal of the second terminal of the capacitor C and the non-inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2. The second terminal of the sampling resistor RT is connected to the inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2, and the common terminal of the connection is grounded. The output terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparison module 3. The power supply terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2 is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2 is grounded. The inverting input terminal of the comparison module 3 is connected to the reference voltage. The output terminal of the comparison module 3 is connected to the first terminal of the display module 4. The power supply terminal of the comparison module 3 is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the comparison module 3 is grounded. The second terminal of the display module 4 is grounded.

[0050] Considering that the withstand voltage of some capacitors, such as MLCCs (multilayer ceramic capacitors), varies significantly under different voltage conditions, a constant voltage needs to be maintained during testing. Therefore, this embodiment utilizes a high-voltage generation module 1 to provide fixed voltages at different levels based on the battery voltage. Specifically, when the first terminal of capacitor C is connected to the output terminal of the high-voltage generation module 1, and the second terminal of capacitor C is connected to the first terminal of the sampling resistor RT, the high-voltage generation module 1 provides a fixed voltage level for capacitor C based on the battery voltage. Typically, the leakage current of capacitor C is extremely small and difficult to measure when the fixed voltage is low. However, when the fixed voltage is increased by several times to ten times, the leakage current increases significantly and becomes measurable. Therefore, this embodiment uses a proportional amplification module 2 to amplify the voltage across the sampling resistor RT, then uses a comparison module 3 to compare the reference voltage and the output voltage, and finally uses a display module 4 to characterize the leakage current. The displayed result is compared with a reference table to obtain the withstand voltage value, thus determining the withstand voltage value of capacitor C.

[0051] Furthermore, the high-voltage generating module 1 includes M voltage divider resistors and a range switch, the range switch having M movable terminals, and the display module 4 can have N LEDs and a buzzer. For example, the high-voltage generating module 1 includes 4 voltage divider resistors and a range switch, the display module 4 has 5 LEDs and a buzzer, and the range switch has 4 movable terminals. Take some capacitors C and record their specifications, capacitance values, and nominal voltages. Perform actual measurements on capacitors C and record the tested range and the number of lit LEDs. Taking capacitors 1, 2, and C3 as examples, please refer to Table 1, which is a record and filing table for the withstand voltage values ​​of capacitors C disclosed in this utility model.

[0052] Table 1

[0053]

[0054] It should be noted that in Table 1, the higher the test setting, the higher the withstand pressure; the more lights illuminate, the lower the withstand pressure.

[0055] As can be seen, in the withstand voltage test, this application uses the high voltage generation module 1 to provide the capacitor C with fixed voltages at different levels, and uses the comparison module 3 to compare the magnitude of the reference voltage and the output voltage. Then, the display module 4 characterizes the leakage current to determine the withstand voltage value of the capacitor C, which expands the application scenarios and improves work efficiency.

[0056] Based on the above embodiments:

[0057] Please refer to Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 The schematic diagram shows a specific capacitor withstand voltage tester provided by this utility model.

[0058] As an optional embodiment, the display module 4 includes N LEDs, where N is an integer not less than 2; correspondingly, the comparison module 3 includes N pull-up resistors, N pull-down resistors, and N comparators; the first end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the common terminal of the first end of the pull-down resistor and the inverting input terminal of the comparator; the second end of the pull-down resistor is grounded; the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to the output terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2, the output terminal of the comparator is connected to the positive terminal of the LED, the power supply terminal of the comparator is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the comparator is grounded; the negative terminal of the LED is grounded.

[0059] Specifically, the pull-up and pull-down resistors form a voltage divider circuit to provide a reference voltage to the inverting input of the comparator. If the output voltage of the non-inverting input of the comparator is greater than the reference voltage of the inverting input, the corresponding LED lights up; if the output voltage of the non-inverting input is less than the reference voltage of the inverting input, the corresponding LED turns off. The number of LEDs that light up can represent the magnitude of the leakage current.

[0060] For example, display module 4 has 5 LEDs, designated D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5. Correspondingly, comparison module 3 includes 5 pull-up resistors, 5 pull-down resistors, and 5 comparators, designated U1, U2, U3, U4, and U5. The pull-up and pull-down resistors for U1 are R1A and R1B, for U2 R2A and R2B, for U3 R3A and R3B, for U4 R4A and R4B, and for U5 R5A and R5B. High-voltage generation module 1 provides a fixed voltage level for capacitor C based on the battery voltage. When no LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is less than 5 kJ / m². When one LED is lit, it indicates that the leakage current is within 5. Up to 10 Internally; when both LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is within 10. Up to 20 Internally; when all three LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is within 20. Up to 80 Internally, when all four LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is within 80 kJ / L. Up to 320 Internally, when all 5 LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is 320. Up to 1000 Inside.

[0061] As can be seen, in this embodiment, N LEDs are used as the display module 4. The number of LEDs can represent different leakage currents according to the number of lights lit, so as to determine the withstand voltage value of capacitor C.

[0062] As an optional embodiment, the display module 4 also includes a buzzer (BELL); correspondingly, the comparison module 3 includes N+1 pull-up resistors, N+1 pull-down resistors, and N+1 comparators; the first end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the common terminal of the first end of the pull-down resistor and the inverting input of the comparator; the second end of the pull-down resistor is grounded; the non-inverting inputs of N comparators are connected to the output of the proportional amplifier module 2, the outputs of N comparators are connected to the positive terminal of the LED, the non-inverting input of 1 comparator is connected to the output of the proportional amplifier module 2, the output of 1 comparator is connected to the first end of the buzzer (BELL), the power supply terminals of all comparators are connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminals of all comparators are grounded; the negative terminal of the LED is grounded; the second end of the buzzer (BELL) is grounded.

[0063] To immediately issue an alarm when the leakage current exceeds a preset current threshold or when capacitor C breaks down, this embodiment uses N LEDs and a buzzer (BELL) as display module 4. The number of lit LEDs can represent different leakage currents to determine the withstand voltage of capacitor C. When the output voltage of the comparator corresponding to the buzzer (BELL) is less than the reference voltage, the comparator outputs a low level, and the buzzer (BELL) is not powered on and does not emit a sound. When the output voltage of the comparator corresponding to the buzzer (BELL) is greater than the reference voltage, the comparator outputs a high level, and the buzzer (BELL) is powered on and emits a sound to alert the tester to an abnormal condition.

[0064] For example, display module 4 consists of 5 LEDs and a buzzer (BELL). The 5 LEDs are designated D1, D2, D3, D4, and D5. Correspondingly, comparator module 3 includes 5 pull-up resistors, 5 pull-down resistors, and 5 comparators (U1, U2, U3, U4, and U5). The pull-up and pull-down resistors for U1 are R1A and R1B, for U2 R2A and R2B, for U3 R3A and R3B, for U4 R4A and R4B, and for U5 R5A and R5B. High-voltage generation module 1 provides a fixed voltage level for capacitor C based on the battery voltage. When no LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is less than 5 kJ / m². When one LED is lit, it indicates that the leakage current is... Up to 10 Internally; when both LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is within 10. Up to 20 Internally; when all three LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is within 20. Up to 80 Internally, when all four LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is within 80 kJ / L. Up to 320 Internally, when all 5 LEDs are lit, it indicates that the leakage current is 320. Up to 1000 Internally, when the buzzer (BELL) sounds, it indicates that the leakage current is greater than 1000. Or capacitor C may have been short-circuited and damaged.

[0065] As can be seen, this embodiment sets N LEDs and a buzzer BELL as the display module 4. The N LEDs can represent different leakage currents according to the number of lights lit, so as to determine the withstand voltage value of capacitor C. The buzzer BELL can immediately sound an alarm when the leakage current exceeds the preset current threshold or when capacitor C breaks down and is damaged.

[0066] As an optional embodiment, the proportional amplifier module 2 includes two proportional amplifiers, each comprising a first input resistor, a second input resistor, a feedback resistor, a first current-limiting resistor, and a differential amplifier. The first end of the first input resistor is connected to the common terminal of the sampling resistor RT and the capacitor C, and the second end of the first input resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier. The first end of the second input resistor is connected to the second end of the sampling resistor RT, and the common terminal of this connection is grounded. The second end of the second input resistor is connected to the common terminal of the inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier and the first end of the feedback resistor. The second end of the feedback resistor is connected to the common terminal of the output terminal of the differential amplifier and the first end of the first current-limiting resistor. The second end of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator module 3. The power supply terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to a power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the differential amplifier is grounded.

[0067] Considering the limited amplification factor of a single proportional amplifier, it is difficult to amplify the voltage across the sampling resistor RT to a sufficiently high level, and the small dynamic range of a single proportional amplifier makes it difficult to simultaneously handle voltages of high and low amplitudes, resulting in a decrease in resolution. Therefore, this embodiment utilizes two proportional amplifiers as proportional amplification module 2. One proportional amplifier has a preset low amplification factor, and the other has a preset high amplification factor. Specifically, the first input resistor of the proportional amplifier with the preset high amplification factor is R11, the second input resistor is R12, the feedback resistor is R13, the first current-limiting resistor is R14, and the differential amplifier is U11; the first input resistor of the proportional amplifier with the preset low amplification factor is R21, the second input resistor is R22, the feedback resistor is R23, the first current-limiting resistor is R24, and the differential amplifier is U22.

[0068] Specifically, if the proportional amplifier module 2 includes two proportional amplifiers and the comparator module 3 includes six comparators, then two TL084s can be used. Each TL084 has four operational amplifiers, and each operational amplifier can be used independently. Each TL084 has only one power supply terminal and one ground terminal. Therefore, one TL084 can have two operational amplifiers as U11 and U22, and two operational amplifiers as U1 and U2. The power supply terminal of U11 is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of U11 is grounded. The other TL084 can have four operational amplifiers as U3, U4, U5, and U6. The power supply terminal of U3 is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of U3 is grounded.

[0069] As can be seen, this embodiment uses two proportional amplifiers as proportional amplification module 2. One proportional amplifier has a preset low amplification factor, and the other proportional amplifier has a preset high amplification factor, so that proportional amplification module 2 can handle both high-amplitude and low-amplitude voltages, thereby improving resolution.

[0070] As an optional embodiment, it also includes a charging module and a power switch K1. The charging module is connected in parallel with the battery and is connected to an external power source through a charging port. The first terminal of the power switch K1 is connected to the common terminal of the charging module and the battery, and the second terminal of the power switch K1 is connected to the input terminal of the high voltage generating module.

[0071] Considering the limited power of the battery (BATTERY) and its inability to continuously power other modules, this embodiment sets up a charging module connected in parallel with the battery (BATTERY) to ensure continued operation of the capacitor withstand voltage tester when power is insufficient. When the charging module is connected to an external power source via the charging port, it can directly power other modules while simultaneously charging the battery (BATTERY). When the external power source is disconnected, the battery (BATTERY) powers other modules, achieving seamless switching. The charging port can be a Type-C port. Furthermore, when the power switch K1 is closed, the battery (BATTERY) and the external power source can supply power to other modules; when the power switch K1 is open, the battery (BATTERY) and the external power source stop supplying power to other modules.

[0072] As can be seen, in this embodiment, the charging module directly supplies power to other modules from an external power source, while simultaneously charging the battery, thus preventing the battery from running out of power and ensuring the continuous operation of the capacitor withstand voltage tester.

[0073] As an optional embodiment, it also includes a voltage conversion module. The input terminal of the voltage conversion module is connected to the battery, the output terminal of the voltage conversion module is connected to the power supply terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2 and the power supply terminal of the comparator module 3, and the ground terminal of the voltage conversion module is grounded, for converting the voltage of the battery BATTERY into the power supply voltage.

[0074] Specifically, the proportional amplifier module 2 and the comparator module 3 typically require specific power supply voltages (such as ±5V, ±12V, etc.), and the battery voltage may not directly meet this requirement. Therefore, this embodiment includes a voltage conversion module that converts the battery voltage to the voltage required by the proportional amplifier module 2 and the comparator module 3, ensuring their normal operation. The power supply voltage can be 12V, and the voltage conversion module can be a DC-DC converter. DC-DC converters have high conversion efficiency, reducing energy loss, which is particularly important for battery-powered devices and can extend battery life.

[0075] As can be seen, this embodiment utilizes a voltage conversion module to convert the voltage of the battery into the voltage required by the proportional amplification module 2 and the comparison module 3, ensuring that both work normally and improving the compatibility and flexibility of the capacitor withstand voltage tester.

[0076] As an optional embodiment, it also includes a second current-limiting resistor R1, a third current-limiting resistor R2, and a fourth current-limiting resistor; the first end of the second current-limiting resistor R1 is connected to the output terminal of the high-voltage generating module 1, and the second end of the second current-limiting resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the capacitor C; the first end of the third current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the capacitor C, and the second end of the third current-limiting resistor R2 is connected to the common terminal of the first end of the sampling resistor RT and the non-inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2; the first end of the fourth current-limiting resistor is connected to the output terminal of the comparator module 3, and the second end of the fourth current-limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the display module 4.

[0077] In the actual circuit, to limit the current flowing into capacitor C and prevent it from being damaged by a sudden large current charge, and to avoid voltage fluctuations caused by excessive current, this embodiment sets a second current-limiting resistor R1 between capacitor C and the high-voltage generation module, improving the safety of the capacitor withstand voltage tester. Furthermore, to reduce noise and interference during voltage signal transmission and improve the quality of the voltage signal input to the proportional amplifier module 2, this embodiment sets a third current-limiting resistor R2 between the second terminal of capacitor C and the common terminal of the sampling resistor RT and the non-inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module 2. Additionally, to prevent excessive current from damaging the display module 4, a fourth current-limiting resistor can be connected in series between the display module 4 and the comparison module 3 to limit the current input to the display module 4. If the display module 4 consists of 5 LEDs and a buzzer, then the number of fourth current-limiting resistors is 6, namely R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8.

[0078] As can be seen, in this embodiment, a second current-limiting resistor R1 is set between capacitor C and the high-voltage generation module, and a fourth current-limiting resistor is connected in series between display module 4 and comparison module 3. This can prevent excessive current from damaging capacitor C and display module 4, thereby improving the safety of the capacitor withstand voltage tester. Furthermore, a third current-limiting resistor R2 is set between the second end of capacitor C and the common terminal of the sampling resistor RT and the non-inverting input terminal of proportional amplifier module 2, which reduces noise and interference in the voltage signal transmission process and improves the quality of the voltage signal input to proportional amplifier module 2.

[0079] As an optional embodiment, a tweezer-type test probe is also included, through which capacitor C is connected to high-voltage generation module 1 and sampling resistor RT.

[0080] Specifically, the tweezer-type test probes are shaped like tweezers, making it easier for testers to perform tests in confined spaces. This design allows the test probes to be easily inserted into both ends of the capacitor C, avoiding interference from other components.

[0081] As can be seen, the tweezer-type test probes can quickly clamp the two ends of capacitor C, making it convenient to connect or disconnect capacitor C during the test, thus improving the flexibility and efficiency of the test.

[0082] As an optional embodiment, a conductive silicone sheet is also included for discharging capacitor C.

[0083] During the withstand voltage test, capacitor C stores electrical energy. If capacitor C is not discharged, test personnel may suffer electric shock due to residual voltage when touching it, causing personal injury. Moreover, this residual voltage may affect the accuracy of subsequent tests. Therefore, this embodiment includes a conductive silicone pad. After the withstand voltage test of capacitor C is completed, the test personnel can rub capacitor C against the conductive silicone pad to discharge it.

[0084] It is evident that rubbing capacitor C against a conductive silicone sheet to discharge it can prevent capacitor C from being charged for a long time and reduce safety hazards.

[0085] As an optional embodiment, the high-voltage generating module 1 includes M voltage divider resistors and a gear switch K2. The gear switch K2 includes a fixed terminal and M movable terminals, where M is an integer not less than 2. The M voltage divider resistors are connected in series, with one end of the series connection connected to the positive terminal of the battery and the other end connected to one movable terminal of the gear switch K2. The M-1 movable terminals of the gear switch K2 are connected one-to-one with the common terminal of each pair of adjacent voltage divider resistors in the M voltage divider resistors. The fixed terminal of the gear switch K2 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C.

[0086] Specifically, the M voltage divider resistors connected in series will generate different voltage drops across each resistor. The fixed terminal of the gear switch K2 is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor C. If any one of the M movable terminals of the gear switch K2 is connected to the fixed terminal of the gear switch K2, the high-voltage generating module 1 provides the capacitor C with a fixed voltage corresponding to the gear position. The M movable terminals of the gear switch K2 correspond to the fixed voltages of the M gear positions.

[0087] For example, if the high-voltage generating module 1 includes four voltage divider resistors and a range switch K2, with the four voltage divider resistors being RA, RB, RC, and RD respectively, and the range switch K2 having a fixed terminal and four movable terminals corresponding to voltage levels 1 (50V), 2 (100V), 3 (150V), and 4 (200V), and the display module 4 including five LEDs and a buzzer (BELL), select different fixed voltage levels, observe the number of LEDs lit, and record the results. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is an external view of a capacitor withstand voltage tester provided by this utility model.

[0088] When the test voltage is 50V (the lowest voltage setting), the test record is as follows:

[0089] 1.0 indicates that no light is on in the first setting, and the leakage current is less than 5. ;

[0090] 1.1 indicates that one light is on at level 1, and the leakage current is 5. Up to 10 ;

[0091] 1.2 indicates that two lights are on in level 1, and the leakage current is 10. Up to 20 ;

[0092] 1.3 indicates that 3 lights are on in level 1, and the leakage current is 20. Up to 80 ;

[0093] 1.4 indicates that 4 lights are on in level 1, and the leakage current is 80. Up to 320 ;

[0094] 1.5 indicates that 5 lights are on in level 1, and the leakage current is 320. Up to 1000 .

[0095] When the test voltage is 100V (the lowest voltage setting), the test record is as follows:

[0096] 2.0 indicates that no light is on in the second setting, and the leakage current is less than 5. ;

[0097] 2.1 indicates that in the second setting, one light is on, and the leakage current is 5. Up to 10 ;

[0098] 2.2 indicates that in the second setting, both lights are on, and the leakage current is 10. Up to 20 ;

[0099] 2.3 indicates that all three lights are on in the second setting, and the leakage current is 20. Up to 80 ;

[0100] 2.4 indicates that all four lights are on in the second setting, and the leakage current is 80. Up to 320 ;

[0101] 2.5 indicates that all 5 lights are on in the second setting, and the leakage current is 320. Up to 1000 .

[0102] When the test voltage is 150V (the lowest voltage setting), the test record is as follows:

[0103] 3.0 indicates that no light is on at the third setting and the leakage current is less than 5. .

[0104] 3.1 indicates that one light is on in three settings, and the leakage current is 5. Up to 10 ;

[0105] 3.2 indicates that two lights are on in the third position, and the leakage current is 10. Up to 20 ;

[0106] 3.3 indicates that three lights are on in three different settings, and the leakage current is 20. Up to 80 ;

[0107] 3.4 indicates that four lights are on in three settings, and the leakage current is 80. Up to 320 ;

[0108] 3.5 indicates three levels with five lights on, and a leakage current of 320. Up to 1000 .

[0109] When the test voltage is 200V (the lowest voltage setting), the test record is as follows:

[0110] 4.0 indicates that no light is on at the fourth setting and the leakage current is less than 5. ;

[0111] 4.1 indicates that one light is on in four settings, and the leakage current is 5. Up to 10 ;

[0112] 4.2 indicates that two lights are on in the fourth position, and the leakage current is 10. Up to 20 ;

[0113] 4.3 indicates that three lights are on in four positions, and the leakage current is 20. Up to 80 ;

[0114] 4.4 indicates that all four lights are on in four positions, and the leakage current is 80. Up to 320 ;

[0115] 4.5 indicates four levels with five lights on, and a leakage current of 320. Up to 1000 .

[0116] As can be seen, by switching the gear switch K2, different fixed voltage outputs can be selected, thereby providing different fixed voltages to capacitor C.

[0117] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0118] It should also be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0119] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A capacitor withstand voltage tester characterized by comprising: It includes a battery, a high-voltage generator module, a sampling resistor, a proportional amplifier module, a comparison module, and a display module; The positive terminal of the battery is connected to the input terminal of the high voltage generating module, the negative terminal of the battery is grounded, the output terminal of the high voltage generating module is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor, and the high voltage generating module is used to provide fixed voltages of different levels based on the voltage of the battery. The first end of the sampling resistor is connected to the common terminal of the second end of the capacitor and the non-inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module, and the second end of the sampling resistor is connected to the inverting input terminal of the proportional amplifier module, with the common terminal of the connection grounded. The output terminal of the proportional amplifier module is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the comparator module, the power supply terminal of the proportional amplifier module is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the proportional amplifier module is grounded. The inverting input terminal of the comparison module is connected to a reference voltage, the output terminal of the comparison module is connected to the first terminal of the display module, the power supply terminal of the comparison module is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the comparison module is grounded. The second terminal of the display module is grounded to characterize the leakage current and determine the withstand voltage of the capacitor.

2. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to claim 1, wherein The display module includes N LEDs, where N is an integer not less than 2; Accordingly, the comparison module includes N pull-up resistors, N pull-down resistors, and N comparators; The first end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the common terminal of the first end of the pull-down resistor and the inverting input of the comparator. The second terminal of the pull-down resistor is grounded; The non-inverting input terminal of the comparator is connected to the output terminal of the proportional amplifier module, the output terminal of the comparator is connected to the positive terminal of the LED, the power supply terminal of the comparator is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the comparator is grounded. The negative terminal of the LED light is grounded.

3. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to claim 2, wherein The display module also includes a buzzer; Accordingly, the comparison module includes N+1 pull-up resistors, N+1 pull-down resistors, and N+1 comparators; The first end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the power supply voltage, and the second end of the pull-up resistor is connected to the common terminal of the first end of the pull-down resistor and the inverting input terminal of the comparator, so as to provide the reference voltage for the comparator together with the pull-down resistor; The second terminal of the pull-down resistor is grounded; The non-inverting input terminals of N comparators are connected to the output terminal of the proportional amplifier module, the output terminals of N comparators are connected to the positive terminal of the LED, the non-inverting input terminal of 1 comparator is connected to the output terminal of the proportional amplifier module, the output terminal of 1 comparator is connected to the first terminal of the buzzer, the power supply terminals of all comparators are connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminals of all comparators are grounded. The negative terminal of the LED light is grounded; The second terminal of the buzzer is grounded.

4. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to claim 1, wherein The proportional amplifier module includes two proportional amplifiers, each of which includes a first input resistor, a second input resistor, a feedback resistor, a first current-limiting resistor, and a differential amplifier. The first end of the first input resistor is connected to the common terminal of the sampling resistor and the capacitor, and the second end of the first input resistor is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier. The first end of the second input resistor is connected to the second end of the sampling resistor, and the common terminal of the connection is grounded. The second end of the second input resistor is connected to the common terminal of the inverting input terminal of the differential amplifier and the first end of the feedback resistor. The second end of the feedback resistor is connected to the common terminal of the output terminal of the differential amplifier and the first end of the first current limiting resistor; The second end of the first current-limiting resistor is connected to the non-inverting input of the comparison module; The power supply terminal of the differential amplifier is connected to the power supply voltage, and the ground terminal of the differential amplifier is grounded.

5. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a charging module and a power switch. The charging module is connected in parallel with the battery and is connected to an external power source through a charging port. The first terminal of the power switch is connected to the common terminal of the charging module and the battery, and the second terminal of the power switch is connected to the input terminal of the high-voltage generating module.

6. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a voltage conversion module, the input terminal of which is connected to the battery, the output terminal of which is connected to the power supply terminal of the proportional amplifier module and the power supply terminal of the comparator module, and the ground terminal of which is grounded, for converting the voltage of the battery into the power supply voltage.

7. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a second current-limiting resistor, a third current-limiting resistor, and a fourth current-limiting resistor; The first end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the output end of the high-voltage generating module, and the second end of the second current-limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the capacitor; The first end of the third current-limiting resistor is connected to the second end of the capacitor, and the second end of the third current-limiting resistor is connected to the common end of the first end of the sampling resistor and the non-inverting input of the proportional amplifier module. The first end of the fourth current-limiting resistor is connected to the output end of the comparison module, and the second end of the fourth current-limiting resistor is connected to the first end of the display module.

8. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to claim 1, wherein It also includes tweezer-type test probes, through which the capacitor is connected to the high-voltage generating module and the sampling resistor.

9. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to claim 1, wherein It also includes a conductive silicone sheet, which is used for capacitor discharge.

10. The capacitance withstand voltage tester according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein The high-voltage generating module includes M voltage divider resistors and a range switch, wherein the range switch includes a fixed terminal and M movable terminals, where M is an integer not less than 2; M voltage divider resistors are connected in series, with one end of the series connection connected to the positive terminal of the battery and the other end connected to one of the movable terminals of the gear switch. The M-1 movable terminals of the gear switch are connected one-to-one with the common terminal of each pair of adjacent voltage divider resistors in the M voltage divider resistors; the fixed terminal of the gear switch is connected to the first terminal of the capacitor.

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