Efficient energy-saving screw structure of plastic extruder

Abstract

The utility model relates to an efficient energy-saving screw rod structure of a plastic extruder, which comprises a screw rod body, and a mixing section and a conveying section I are sequentially arranged on the screw rod body from left to right along a central axis. The conveying section I is located below the feeding port, and plastic particles are conveyed to the mixing section through a spiral feeding piece so that mixing and melting can be completed. Compared with the prior art, the device is also provided with the purification section and the conveying section II, and the conveying section II is responsible for separating the melting stage of the plastic from the mixing section for treatment, so that the mixing uniformity of the plastic is ensured; and the purification section is used for further plasticizing the polymer melt and realizing quantitative conveying. The conveying section II and the conveying section I are consistent in structure and each comprise a spiral feeding piece so as to improve the transfer capacity. A plurality of bulges arranged on the mixing section can effectively disperse plastic particles; and the purification section conveys the liquid plastic through a spiral extrusion sheet, and the design of a notch groove in the outer side end of the purification section promotes the homogenization process of the plastic, so that the extrusion quality and the production efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of plastic extruder technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure for plastic extruders. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of plastics processing, plastic extruders are widely used equipment whose main function is to heat, melt, mix, and extrude plastic raw materials to produce a variety of plastic products. The screw, as the core component of this equipment, has a decisive impact on the extrusion quality and production efficiency of the plastic.

[0003] The screw structure of a plastic extruder currently mainly consists of the screw body, which is arranged sequentially along the central axis, with the mixing section on the left and the conveying section on the right. The conveying section is located below the feed inlet of the plastic extruder. Through the action of the spiral feed vanes, the input plastic granules are conveyed forward along the spiral path to the mixing section. The mixing section is responsible for mixing and melting the plastic granules. After these processes are completed, the molten plastic is smoothly discharged from the extruder.

[0004] Nevertheless, current screw structures have several limitations. In existing designs, the mixing and melting processes of plastic granules are both completed within the mixing section, which often leads to uneven mixing of the plastic granules. Insufficient mixing of plastic granules can result in uneven intergranular mixing, which in turn affects the quality of the final extruded plastic products, making them unable to meet the requirements of high-quality production.

[0005] Therefore, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the current screw structure of plastic extruders and improve the efficiency of plastic production, it is particularly necessary to develop a new type of high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure for plastic extruders. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure for a plastic extruder. This structure significantly improves the mixing effect of plastic granules, effectively solving the problem of low mixing efficiency in existing devices, which fails to meet the demands of high-quality production.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] The high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure of the plastic extruder includes a screw body, which has a mixing section and a conveying section I arranged sequentially from left to right along its central axis. The conveying section I includes a spiral feed blade with its center line forming a spiral curve around the central axis of the screw. The screw body also includes a conveying section II and a purification section. The conveying section II has the same structure as the conveying section I, and is located to the left of the mixing section. The conveying section II is located between the purification section and the mixing section. The mixing section includes multiple protrusions that are equidistantly arranged around the central axis of the screw. The purification section includes a spiral extrusion blade with its center line forming a spiral curve around the central axis of the screw. The outer end of the spiral extrusion blade has a notch that extends through the central axis of the screw.

[0009] Preferably, the distance between the outer end of each protrusion and the central axis of the screw is greater than the distance between the outer end of the spiral feed plate and the central axis of the screw.

[0010] Preferably, each of the protrusions is projected as a trapezoidal structure in the vertical plane, and the width of the end of the protrusion closest to the central axis of the screw is smaller than the width of the end of the protrusion furthest from the central axis of the screw.

[0011] Preferably, the right edge of each protrusion forms a certain angle with the vertical direction, and the multiple protrusions are arranged in a spiral around the central axis of the screw.

[0012] Preferably, the pitch of the spiral extrusion plate centerline is smaller than the pitch of the spiral feed plate centerline.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] This invention separates the melting process of plastic granules from the mixing process by introducing a conveying section II. This ensures that the plastic granules are fully mixed in the mixing section, while the conveying section II focuses on melting. This design effectively guarantees the uniformity of the plastic granule mixture and avoids the mixing of insufficiently mixed granules, thus significantly improving the quality of the finished product. The purification section can further plasticize and quantitatively convey the polymer melt in a dry state, thereby ensuring the stability of the processing. Both conveying sections II and I adopt a spiral feeding plate structure. This design greatly improves the transfer efficiency and effectively avoids the problem of plastic residue inside the device. Multiple protrusions in the mixing section use shear force to disperse the plastic granules, effectively preventing the aggregation of single plastics and achieving effective mixing of multiple plastic granules. The spiral extrusion plate in the purification section can realize the conveying and transfer of liquid plastics, and the notch groove opened along the central axis of the screw on its outer end can create local flow changes in the plastic raw material during extrusion, further promoting the homogenization of the plastic. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the purification section and the mixing section of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 A magnified view of point B in the middle.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Spiral extrusion plate; 2. Spiral feeding plate; 3. Protrusion; 4. Purification section; 5. Conveying section II; 6. Mixing section; 7. Conveying section I; 8. Screw; 9. Notched groove. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0022] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 This invention relates to a high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure for a plastic extruder. In a plastic extruder, the screw is a key component, and its structure directly affects the extrusion quality and production efficiency of the plastic.

[0023] Consistent with existing technology devices, it includes a screw 8 body, and the screw 8 body is provided with a mixing section 6 and a conveying section I 7 arranged sequentially from left to right along its central axis.

[0024] In fact, conveyor section I7 is located below the feed inlet of the plastic extruder. Operators feed plastic granules through the feed inlet, and then these granules are conveyed to the next process via conveyor section I7.

[0025] Therefore, the conveying section I7 includes a spiral feeder 2, which utilizes the characteristic that the center line of the spiral feeder 2 is spiral to continuously convey the plastic raw material forward along the spiral path.

[0026] In addition, a mixing section 6 is provided on the left side of the conveying section I7 (this position matches the spiral direction of the center line of the spiral feeder 2, and it is located at the corresponding feeding end). The spiral feeder 2 transports the plastic particles to the mixing section 6, and then the particles complete the mixing and melting process in this area.

[0027] It is worth noting that, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a corresponding conveying section III is also provided on the far left of the screw 8. The structure of the conveying section III is the same as that of the conveying section I7. Its main function is to discharge the plastic that has been melted and mixed into a fluid state, so that it leaves the plastic extruder.

[0028] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 Unlike existing devices, this device also includes a purification section 4 and a conveying section II 5 on the screw 8. The conveying section II 5 is located to the left of the mixing section 6 and its main function is to independently process the melting stage of the plastic particles from the mixing section 6 (i.e., the plastic particles are mixed in the mixing section 6 and melted inside the conveying section II 5), and to transfer the fluidized plastic. This ensures the uniformity of the plastic particle mixing and avoids the mixing of unevenly mixed plastic particles, which would lead to a decrease in the quality of the finished product. Correspondingly, the purification section 4 primarily aims to further plasticize and quantitatively convey the polymer melt, which is essentially in a dry state, thus stabilizing the processing.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, conveying section II5 has the same structure as conveying section I7, both equipped with spiral feed plates 2. This design can maximize the transfer efficiency of both and effectively prevent plastic from accumulating inside the device.

[0030] Specifically, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the mixing section 6 includes multiple protrusions 3. The presence of the protrusions 3 can achieve the dispersion effect of plastic particles. This measure utilizes shear force to fully avoid the aggregation of single plastic particles, thereby realizing the mixing process of multiple plastic particles.

[0031] In addition, this device is designed with multiple protrusions 3, which are evenly distributed around the central axis of the screw 8. The distance between the outer end of each protrusion 3 and the central axis of the screw 8 is greater than the distance between the outer end of the spiral feed plate 2, ensuring that the plastic particles can completely enter the gap between adjacent protrusions 3, thereby giving full play to the shearing effect of the protrusions 3 on the plastic particles.

[0032] Furthermore, the projection of each protrusion 3 in the vertical direction is trapezoidal, meaning that the end closer to the central axis of the screw 8 is narrower, while the end further away is wider. This trapezoidal design increases the contact area between the protrusion 3 and the plastic material, thereby improving the mixing efficiency.

[0033] Furthermore, this device constrains the right end of each protrusion 3 to have an angle with the vertical plane, and the multiple protrusions 3 are arranged in a spiral around the central axis of the screw 8. Through design, the shear force exerted by the protrusions 3 on the plastic particles is given a certain tilt angle, avoiding complete overlap with the vertical plane. In this way, the multiple protrusions 3 can work together to effectively promote the conveying of plastic particles and ensure that they smoothly enter the conveying section II 5.

[0034] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The core component of the purification section 4 is the spiral extrusion plate 1, whose centerline is designed to be spiral-shaped around the central axis of the screw 8. This design enables the spiral extrusion plate 1 to efficiently transport and transfer liquid plastics until they smoothly enter the conveying section III and are discharged from the plastic extruder.

[0035] Furthermore, this device features a notch 9 meticulously designed at the outer end of the spiral extrusion plate 1, along the central axis of the screw 8. This design allows for localized flow changes in the plastic raw material at the notch 9 during extrusion, thereby further enhancing the homogenization effect of the plastic.

[0036] Furthermore, this device adjusts the pitch of the spiral extrusion plate 1 to be smaller than the pitch of the spiral feed plate 2. This adjustment extends the residence time of the liquid plastic in the purification section 4, ensuring purification effectiveness and thus improving the quality of the extruded product.

[0037] In the actual application of this utility model, its operation process can be described in detail as follows:

[0038] 1. Feeding and initial conveying stage of plastic granules

[0039] The operator feeds plastic granules through the feed inlet of the plastic extruder, below which is a conveying section I7. The spiral feed plate 2 of the conveying section I7 is designed with a spiral centerline, which can transport the fed plastic granules forward along the spiral path and then transfer them to the mixing section 6.

[0040] 2. Mixing stage of plastic granules

[0041] Once the plastic granules arrive at the mixing section 6, multiple equidistant protrusions 3 surrounding the central axis of the screw 8 begin to function. Thanks to the design that the outer ends of the protrusions 3 are farther from the central axis of the screw 8 than the outer ends of the spiral feed plates 2, the plastic granules can fully fill the gaps between adjacent protrusions 3. The protrusions 3 are trapezoidal in vertical projection, with their right ends forming a certain angle with the vertical plane, and are arranged in a spiral around the central axis of the screw 8. This structure utilizes shear force to disperse the plastic granules, effectively avoiding the aggregation of single types of plastic and achieving the mixing of multiple plastic granules. Simultaneously, this arrangement ensures that the shear force applied by the protrusions 3 to the plastic granules has a certain angle of inclination, serving both a conveying function and transporting the mixed plastic granules to the conveying section II 5.

[0042] 3. Melting and Transfer Stage of Plastic Particles

[0043] The structure of conveying section II5 is the same as that of conveying section I7, and it also includes a spiral feeder 2. The plastic granules complete the melting process in conveying section II5, and the fluidized plastic is transferred to purification section 4 by the spiral feeder 2.

[0044] 4. Purification and quantitative delivery stage of polymer melt

[0045] The polymer melt, essentially in a fluid state, enters the purification section 4. The centerline of the spiral extrusion plate 1 in the purification section 4 is a spiral curve surrounding the central axis of the screw 8, conveying and transferring the liquid plastic. A through-groove 9 is formed at the outer end of the spiral extrusion plate 1 along the central axis of the screw 8. This design promotes localized flow of the plastic raw material in the area of ​​the through-groove 9 during extrusion, thereby enhancing the homogenization of the plastic. The pitch of the spiral extrusion plate 1 is smaller than that of the spiral feed plate 2. This design extends the residence time of the liquid plastic in the purification section 4, ensuring the purification effect and making the entire processing more stable.

[0046] 5. Finished product discharge stage

[0047] After purification, the liquid plastic enters the conveying section III from the purification section 4. The structure of the conveying section III is the same as that of the conveying section I 7. The molten and mixed plastic, which is in a fluid distribution, is discharged from the plastic extruder using the spiral feed plate 2.

[0048] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure for a plastic extruder, comprising a screw (8) body, wherein a mixing section (6) and a conveying section I (7) are arranged sequentially from left to right along the central axis of the screw (8) body, wherein, The conveying section I (7) includes a spiral feed plate (2), the center line of which is a spiral curve surrounding the central axis of the screw (8). The feature is that it includes a conveying section II (5) and a purification section (4). The conveying section II (5) has the same structure as the conveying section I (7). Furthermore, the purification section (4) is located to the left of the mixing section (6), and the conveying section II (5) is located between the purification section (4) and the mixing section (6). The mixing section (6) includes multiple protrusions (3), which are equidistantly arranged around the central axis of the screw (8); The purification section (4) includes a spiral extrusion plate (1), the center line of which is a spiral curve surrounding the central axis of the screw (8), and the outer end of the spiral extrusion plate (1) is provided with a notch (9) through the central axis of the screw (8).

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure of the plastic extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the outer end of each of the protrusions (3) and the central axis of the screw (8) is greater than the distance between the outer end of the spiral feed plate (2) and the central axis of the screw (8).

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure of the plastic extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the protrusions (3) is projected as a trapezoidal structure in the vertical plane. The width of the end of the protrusion (3) near the central axis of the screw (8) is smaller than the width of the end of the protrusion (3) away from the central axis of the screw (8).

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure of the plastic extruder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The right edge of each of the protrusions (3) forms a certain angle with the vertical direction, and the multiple protrusions (3) are arranged in a spiral around the central axis of the screw (8).

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving screw structure of the plastic extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch of the center line of the spiral extrusion plate (1) is less than the pitch of the center line of the spiral feeding plate (2).

Images