Biological reaction box

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of manufacturing of environmental protection equipment, in particular to a biological reaction box. The box body is of an upper opening structure. The lower filter grid and the upper filter grid are sequentially arranged in the box body, and the lower filter grid, the upper filter grid and the box body cooperate to form a filler chamber filled with porous filler. And the power part is used for dragging the lower filter grating and takes the box body as a mounting basis. Under the action of dragging force from the power part, the lower filter grating performs displacement motion relative to the upper filter grating, the volume of the filler chamber is synchronously reduced, and the porous filler is extruded oppositely to discharge biological reaction sludge. Thus, on one hand, regular cleaning of sludge is facilitated, aged microorganisms and impurities in the porous filler are removed, and updating and activity maintaining of microbial communities are facilitated; on the other hand, sludge discharge is more thorough and efficient, accumulation of the sludge in the filler chamber is avoided, and normal biological reaction is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental protection equipment manufacturing technology, and in particular to a bioreactor. Background Technology

[0002] In terms of the current technological status, the general principle of the A20 wastewater treatment process is as follows: wastewater first undergoes primary pretreatment through equipment such as coarse screens, fine screens, inlet pumping stations, and vortex grit chambers to remove suspended solids and sand particles, and then enters the A2O oxidation ditch for anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic treatment.

[0003] The A20 wastewater treatment process effectively removes pollutants such as organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, and total phosphorus from wastewater, achieving BOD5 and SS removal rates of 90%–95%, total nitrogen removal rate of over 70%, and phosphorus removal rate of approximately 90%. However, the A20 wastewater treatment process also suffers from drawbacks, including a long process flow, large footprint, numerous treatment structures, the need for sludge return, and complex on-site operations. Conventional biological activated sludge technology suffers from low sludge concentration and poor settling properties, resulting in a large effluent footprint and generally poor effluent quality, making it difficult to directly meet the Class A discharge standard of the Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Pollutant Discharge Standard (GB18918-2002). While the water after supermagnetic separation can remove particulate COD, TN, and TP, dissolved COD, ammonia nitrogen, and Kjeldahl nitrogen are not removed. For the purification of this type of water, an integrated, convenient, and modular biological reactor is needed. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, in view of the aforementioned existing problems and defects, the designers of this utility model collected relevant information, conducted extensive evaluations and considerations, and through continuous experiments and modifications by technical personnel with many years of R&D experience in this industry, the bioreactor was finally developed.

[0005] This utility model relates to a bioreactor, comprising a housing, an upper filter grid, a lower filter grid, porous packing material, and a power unit. The housing has an open top structure. The lower and upper filter grids are sequentially installed into the housing, and together with the circumferential side walls of the housing, they enclose a packing chamber. The porous packing material, serving as a microbial carrier, is filled into the packing chamber. The power unit is used to drag and pull the lower filter grid, which is mounted on the housing. Under the dragging force from the power unit, the lower filter grid moves towards the upper filter grid, and the volume of the packing chamber decreases synchronously. The porous packing material is then subjected to opposing compressive forces, allowing the bioreactor sludge to be discharged.

[0006] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this utility model, the power unit includes a support frame, a motor, a force transmission mechanism, and N worm gear lifting mechanisms. The support frame serves as a common mounting base for the motor, the force transmission mechanism, and the worm gear lifting mechanisms, resting on the housing and being detachably fixed to the housing. Under the action of the force transmission mechanism, the rotational torque output by the motor is evenly distributed to each worm gear lifting mechanism, and the lower filter grille changes its relative height position due to the combined drag force from the N worm gear lifting mechanisms.

[0007] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this utility model, the worm gear lifting mechanism includes a turbine housing, a worm wheel, and a worm. The turbine housing is placed on a support frame and is detachably fixed to the support frame as a whole. The turbine is assembled in the worm wheel housing. The worm, which meshes with the turbine, sequentially passes through the support frame, the upper filter grid, and the porous packing to directly pull the lower filter grid.

[0008] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this utility model, N=4. The force transmission mechanism includes a primary transfer case, a front secondary transfer case, a rear secondary transfer case, and a transmission rod coupling assembly. Under the synergistic action of the primary transfer case and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies opposite each other along the front-rear direction, the rotational torque output by the motor is evenly distributed to the front and rear secondary transfer cases. Under the synergistic action of the front secondary transfer case and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies opposite each other along the left-right direction, the evenly distributed rotational torque is further evenly distributed to the two worm gear lifting mechanisms located on the front side. Under the synergistic action of the rear secondary transfer case and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies opposite each other along the left-right direction, the evenly distributed rotational torque is further evenly distributed to the two worm gear lifting mechanisms located on the rear side.

[0009] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this utility model, the bioreactor also includes a telescopic protective assembly. The telescopic protective assembly is composed of multiple hollow sections nested around the worm gear. The total length of the telescopic protective assembly can be freely adjusted as the height of the lower filter grid changes.

[0010] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this utility model, the lower filter grid includes a support frame, a grid plate, and a filter screen. The support frame is assembled and welded from multiple metal profiles. Along the top-to-bottom direction, the filter screen and the grid plate are sequentially placed on the support frame and are fixed together in a detachable manner.

[0011] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this utility model, the lower filter grille also includes a friction-reducing and guiding unit. Under the action of the friction-reducing and guiding unit, the lower filter grille can perform directional and low-resistance lifting and lowering movements.

[0012] As a further improvement to the technical solution disclosed in this utility model, the friction-reducing and guiding unit is composed of multiple roller assemblies that are circumferentially distributed around the support frame and each uses the support frame as its mounting base. The roller assembly includes rollers. During the lifting and lowering motion of the lower filter grille, each roller rotates circumferentially due to the reverse frictional force from the inner wall of the housing.

[0013] In practical applications, the bioreactor disclosed in this utility model can achieve at least the following beneficial technical effects, specifically:

[0014] 1) The lower filter screen is moved towards the upper filter screen by the power unit, reducing the volume of the packing chamber. The porous packing is subjected to opposing compression, which effectively discharges the sludge from the biological reaction. Without the need for air or water washing systems, sludge removal in the biological reactor is more thorough and efficient, preventing sludge accumulation in the packing chamber and ensuring the normal operation of the biological reaction. This also prevents excessive sludge accumulation from adversely affecting the microbial growth environment.

[0015] 2) Due to the periodic counter-current mechanical cleaning, the biofilm is effectively renewed, which is beneficial for the renewal and maintenance of the microbial community, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the biological reaction. Even if the biological treatment process malfunctions, its physical mechanisms can still ensure high-quality effluent in the short term.

[0016] 3) Due to the mechanical retention effect of porous packing and the adsorption effect of microorganisms and viscous substances produced during metabolism on the surface of porous packing, the suspended solids (SS) in the effluent are extremely low, thus eliminating the need for a secondary sedimentation tank and reducing infrastructure costs.

[0017] 4) Porous packing materials have a large specific surface area and porosity. In the packing chamber, the presence of porous packing materials can increase the contact area and contact time of the gas, liquid, and solid phases, promote the mass transfer process between oxygen, nutrients, and microorganisms, and facilitate the decomposition and transformation of pollutants by microorganisms. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bioreactor disclosed in this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Top view.

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 AA sectional view.

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of part of I.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the chamber of the bioreactor disclosed in this utility model from one perspective.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the chamber in the bioreactor disclosed in this utility model from another perspective.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lower filter grid in the bioreactor disclosed in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 A magnified view of part II.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the power unit in the bioreactor disclosed in this utility model.

[0028] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Top view.

[0029] Figure 11 yes Figure 10 A magnified view of part III.

[0030] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the telescopic protective assembly in the bioreactor disclosed in this utility model.

[0031] 1-Box body; 11-Sewage inlet; 12-Air inlet; 13-Sewage outlet; 14-Air distribution pipeline; 15-Clean water outlet; 2-Upper filter grille; 3-Lower filter grille; 31-Support frame; 32-Grate plate; 33-Filter screen; 34-Friction reduction and guiding unit; 341-Roller assembly; 3411-Mounting base; 3412-Rubber roller; 4-Porous packing; 5-Power unit; 51-Support frame; 52 - Motor; 53- Force transmission mechanism; 531- Primary transfer case; 532- Front secondary transfer case; 533- Rear secondary transfer case; 534- Transmission rod coupling assembly; 5341- Transmission rod; 5342- First coupling; 5343- Second coupling; 54- Worm gear lifting mechanism; 541- Worm box; 542- Worm wheel; 543- Worm; 6- Telescopic protective assembly; 61- Hollow section rod. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "front", "back", "up", "down", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The diagrams show a three-dimensional view, a top view, and a cross-sectional view (AA) of the bioreactor disclosed in this utility model. It can be seen that it mainly consists of a housing 1, an upper filter grid 2, a lower filter grid 3, porous packing material 4, and a power unit 5. Among these, for example... Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the housing 1 is composed of a metal frame and corrosion-resistant plates (including stainless steel, engineering plastics, etc.), and has an open-top structure. The metal frame is assembled and welded from multiple square tube profiles. Near its bottom wall, the side wall of the housing 1 has two sewage inlets 11, one air inlet 12, and one sewage outlet 13. A large number of air distribution pipes 14, which are connected to the air inlet 12, are laid on the bottom wall of the housing 1. Near its top, the side wall of the housing 1 has a clean water outlet 15. The lower filter grille 3 and the upper filter grille 3 are installed in the housing 1 in sequence, and together with the circumferential side wall of the housing 1, they enclose a packing chamber. The porous packing material 4, which serves as a carrier for microorganisms, is filled in the packing chamber. The upper filter grille 3 is installed and fixed on the side wall of the housing 1, and its relative height position remains unchanged. The lower filter grille 3 is placed inside the housing 1 without being connected or fixed, and can freely move up and down when subjected to drag. The power unit 5 is used to tow and pull the lower filter grille 3, and the housing 1 serves as its mounting base.

[0034] After a period of application, when the efficiency and stability of the biological reaction of the porous packing 4 are lower than the expected water treatment capacity requirements, the power unit 5 can be activated, and the lower filter screen 3 can move towards the upper filter screen 2. The volume of the packing chamber is reduced synchronously, and the porous packing 4 is able to discharge the biological reaction sludge due to the opposing extrusion force, which is conducive to the subsequent microbial community renewal operation of the porous packing 4.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, the power unit 5 pulls the lower filter screen 3 to move towards the upper filter screen 2, reducing the volume of the packing chamber and subjecting the porous packing 4 to opposing compression, effectively discharging the bioreactor sludge. Without the need for air or water washing systems in the bioreactor, sludge removal is more thorough and efficient, preventing sludge accumulation in the packing chamber and ensuring the normal operation of the bioreactor, thus preventing excessive sludge accumulation from adversely affecting the microbial growth environment. On the other hand, due to the periodic opposing compression mechanical cleaning, the biofilm is effectively renewed, which is beneficial for the renewal and maintenance of the microbial community, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the bioreactor. Even if the biological treatment malfunctions, its physical mechanism can still guarantee high-quality effluent in the short term.

[0036] Here, it is also necessary to emphasize the following points, specifically:

[0037] 1) such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the lower filter screen 3 mainly consists of a support frame 31, a screen plate 32, and a filter screen 33. The support frame 31 is assembled and welded from multiple metal profiles. Along the top-to-bottom direction, the filter screen 33 and the screen plate 32 are sequentially placed on the support frame 31 and are fixed together in a detachable manner. Through the synergistic effect of the screen plate 32 and the filter screen 33, the lower filter screen 3 can remove large suspended solids and large floating matter from wastewater. After initial filtration, the wastewater can then be infiltrated with the porous packing material 4, thus helping microorganisms to function better during the biological treatment process.

[0038] 2) In order to prevent large dust particles or large debris from falling onto the porous packing 4, the upper filter grid 2 can also be designed with reference to the structure of the lower filter grid 3.

[0039] 3) Due to the mechanical retention effect of the porous packing 4 and the adsorption effect formed by the microorganisms and viscous substances produced in the metabolism on the surface of the porous packing, the SS of the effluent is extremely low, so the secondary sedimentation tank can be eliminated, thereby reducing the infrastructure cost.

[0040] 4) The porous packing material 4 has a large specific surface area and porosity. In the packing chamber, the presence of the porous packing material can increase the contact area and contact time of the gas, liquid and solid phases, promote the mass transfer process between oxygen, nutrients and microorganisms, and facilitate the decomposition and transformation of pollutants by microorganisms.

[0041] It is known that, based on design common sense, the power unit 5 can adopt various design structures to achieve the design purpose of driving the lower filter grille 3 to perform lifting and lowering movements. However, a design structure that is simple, easy to manufacture and implement, and convenient for subsequent maintenance operations is recommended here. Specifically, as follows: Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the power unit 5 mainly consists of a support frame 51, a motor 52, a force transmission mechanism 53, and four worm gear lifting mechanisms 54. The support frame 51 serves as the common mounting base for the motor 52, the force transmission mechanism 53, and the worm gear lifting mechanisms 54. It rests on the housing 1 and is detachably fixed to the housing 1. Under the action of the force transmission mechanism 53, the rotational torque output by the motor 52 is evenly distributed to each worm gear lifting mechanism 54. The lower filter grille 3 changes its relative height position due to the combined drag force from the four worm gear lifting mechanisms 54. The worm gear lifting mechanism 54 includes a turbine housing 541, a worm wheel 542, and a worm 543. The turbine housing 541 rests on the support frame 51 and is detachably fixed to the support frame 51. The turbine 542 is assembled in the worm wheel housing 541. The worm 543, which meshes with the turbine 542, passes sequentially through the support frame 51, the upper filter grid 2, and the porous packing 4 to directly pull the lower filter grid 3.

[0042] In practical applications, the worm gear lifting mechanism 54 can convert the high-speed rotation of the motor 52 into a slow movement for lifting the lower filter grille 3, facilitating precise control of the lifting height. Furthermore, the worm gear lifting mechanism 54 can achieve a large transmission ratio in a relatively small space, resulting in low space occupancy, making it suitable for scenarios with limited installation space. More importantly, the worm gear lifting mechanism 54 has a self-locking characteristic, effectively preventing the lower filter grille 3 from falling during lifting due to unexpected motor 52 shutdown, thus providing safety protection.

[0043] Similarly, Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11As shown, the force transmission mechanism 53 mainly consists of several parts, including a primary transfer case 531, a front secondary transfer case 532, a rear secondary transfer case 533, and a transmission rod coupling assembly 534. The transmission rod coupling assembly 534 is composed of a first coupling 5342, a transmission rod 5341, and a second coupling 5343 in sequence. Under the synergistic action of the primary transfer case 531 and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies 534 opposite each other along the front-rear direction, the rotational torque output by the motor 52 is evenly distributed to the front secondary transfer case 532 and the rear secondary transfer case 533. Under the synergistic action of the front secondary transfer case 532 and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies 534 opposite each other along the left-right direction, the evenly distributed rotational torque is further evenly distributed to the two worm gear lifting mechanisms 54 located on the front side. Under the coordinated action of the rear-mounted secondary transfer case 533 and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies 534 that are opposite each other along the left and right directions, the evenly distributed rotational torque is once again evenly distributed to the two worm gear lifting mechanisms 54 located on the rear side.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the bioreactor 1 is also equipped with a telescopic protective assembly 6. The telescopic protective assembly 6 is composed of multiple hollow sections 61 that are sleeved around the worm gear 543 and stacked sequentially (e.g., Figure 12 (As shown in the diagram). During the process of the lower filter grille 3 changing its height, the overlapping length between each hollow section rod 61 changes, and the total length of the telescopic protective assembly 6 is freely adjustable. In this way, while ensuring the freedom of movement of the lower filter grille 3, the worm gear 543 can be effectively isolated from the porous packing 4, thereby preventing the worm gear 543 from being affected by contamination, thus avoiding the occurrence of transmission efficiency or transmission smoothness issues.

[0045] During the prototype debugging phase, feedback from on-site workers indicated that during the lifting and lowering movement of the lower filter grille 3, the sliding friction from the side wall of the housing 1 resulted in significant resistance to movement and accompanied by loud operating noise. Therefore, as a further optimization of the aforementioned technical solution, such as... Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, the lower filter grille 3 is also equipped with a friction-reducing and guiding unit 34. Under the action of the friction-reducing and guiding unit 34, the lower filter grille 3 can perform directional and low-resistance lifting and lowering movements. As one preferred design structure, the friction-reducing and guiding unit 34 is composed of multiple roller assemblies 341 that are circumferentially distributed around the support frame 31 and each uses the support frame 31 as its mounting base. The roller assembly 341 includes a mounting base 3411 and rollers 3412. Each mounting base 3411 is in contact with the bottom wall of the support frame 31 and is welded and fixed. The rollers 3412 are assembled one-to-one on the mounting base 3411. During the lifting and lowering movement of the lower filter grille 3, each roller 3412 performs circumferential rotation due to the reverse friction force from the inner sidewall of the housing 1.

[0046] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A biological reaction chamber, characterized in that, The device includes a housing, an upper filter grid, a lower filter grid, porous packing material, and a power unit. The housing has an open top structure. The lower and upper filter grids are sequentially installed into the housing and, together with the circumferential side walls of the housing, enclose a packing chamber. The porous packing material, serving as a microbial carrier, is filled into the packing chamber. The power unit is used to drag and pull the lower filter grid, and it is mounted on the housing. Under the drag force from the power unit, the lower filter screen moves towards the upper filter screen, the volume of the packing chamber decreases synchronously, and the porous packing is discharged from the biological reaction sludge due to the opposing extrusion force.

2. The bioreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power unit includes a support frame, a motor, a force transmission mechanism, and N worm gear lifting mechanisms. The support frame serves as a common mounting base for the motor, the force transmission mechanism, and the worm gear lifting mechanisms. It rests on the housing and is detachably fixed to the housing. Under the action of the force transmission mechanism, the rotational torque output by the motor is evenly distributed to each of the worm gear lifting mechanisms. The lower filter grille changes its relative height position due to the combined drag force from the N worm gear lifting mechanisms.

3. The bioreactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The worm gear lifting mechanism includes a turbine housing, a worm wheel, and a worm. The turbine housing is placed on the support frame and is detachably fixed to the support frame as a whole. The turbine is assembled in the worm wheel housing. The worm, which meshes with the turbine, passes through the support frame, the upper filter grid, and the porous packing in sequence to directly pull the lower filter grid.

4. The bioreactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, N=4; The force transmission mechanism includes a primary transfer case, a front secondary transfer case, a rear secondary transfer case, and a transmission rod coupling assembly; Under the synergistic action of the primary transfer case and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies opposite each other along the front-rear direction, the rotational torque output by the motor is evenly distributed to the front secondary transfer case and the rear secondary transfer case; Under the synergistic action of the front secondary transfer case and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies facing each other along the left and right directions, the evenly distributed torque is further evenly distributed to the two worm gear lifting mechanisms located on the front side; under the synergistic action of the rear secondary transfer case and the two transmission rod coupling assemblies facing each other along the left and right directions, the evenly distributed torque is further evenly distributed to the two worm gear lifting mechanisms located on the rear side.

5. The bioreactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a telescopic protective assembly; the telescopic protective assembly is formed by multiple hollow sections that are sleeved around the worm gear and stacked in sequence; the total length of the telescopic protective assembly can be freely adjusted as the height of the lower filter grid changes.

6. The bioreactor according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The lower filter grid includes a support frame, a grid plate, and a filter screen; the support frame is assembled and welded from multiple metal profiles; along the top-to-bottom direction, the filter screen and the grid plate are sequentially placed on the support frame and are fixed together in a detachable manner.

7. The bioreactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower filter grille also includes a friction-reducing and guiding unit; under the action of the friction-reducing and guiding unit, the lower filter grille can perform directional and low-resistance lifting and lowering movements.

8. The bioreactor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The friction reduction and alignment unit consists of multiple roller assemblies that are circumferentially distributed around the support frame and each uses the support frame as its mounting base; the roller assembly includes rollers; during the lifting and lowering process of the lower filter grille, each roller performs circumferential rotation due to the reverse friction force from the inner side wall of the box.

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