Supporting structure for branch roadway filling

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of coal mine branch roadway filling, in particular to a branch roadway filling supporting structure. The branch roadway filling and supporting structure comprises geotechnical cloth arranged at the end of a branch roadway, a formwork, a single supporting column and a supporting column. The template is tightly attached to the single prop; a connecting frame is arranged on the back surface of the template; connecting pieces are arranged between the connecting frames for locking, and the connecting frames can be hung on column handles of the single supporting columns. The geotechnical cloth is tightly attached to the template and is locally fixed on the template; column caps are arranged on the tops of the single props. Column shoes are arranged at the bottoms of the single supporting columns; a first anti-falling device is arranged between the single props for connection; shock insulators are arranged between the single props and the prop columns; and a second anti-falling device is arranged on the prop column. And the geotechnical cloth is tightly attached to the template, so that the slurry leakage problem can be prevented. The single props and the prop columns are connected in rows, and the overall stability is good. The prop supports the single prop, so that the single prop can be prevented from collapsing, and the safety is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mine roadway filling technology, and in particular to a roadway filling support structure. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine branch roadway filling refers to filling coal mine branch roadways with materials to enhance their stability and safety. The process typically involves using formwork, geotextiles, and support structures, and these materials are usually recycled to save costs.

[0003] During the filling of coal mine branch roadways, multiple formwork panels are spliced ​​together, with individual support pillars placed behind the formwork. Concrete and other materials are then filled into the enclosed space formed between the formwork panels. These individual support pillars, located at the top and bottom of the branch roadway, rely solely on their strength to support the formwork. If the individual support pillars are subjected to excessive stress, they are prone to collapse, resulting in poor safety. Furthermore, gaps may exist at the formwork joints, leading to grout leakage.

[0004] For example, Chinese patent application number CN201210498478.2 discloses a method for retaining roadways along the goaf using concrete filling bodies. Specifically, it discloses: "a) erecting prefabricated concrete filling body templates in the roadway behind the working face on the side near the goaf; b) following the advancement of the working face, constructing a row of individual support pillars on each side of the concrete filling body templates for roof support, and adding two more rows of individual support pillars near the goaf for roof support; c) injecting uniformly mixed concrete into the erected concrete filling body templates, which solidifies to form a concrete filling body with strong compressive strength; d) gradually withdrawing the individual support pillars and concrete filling body templates on the goaf side behind the lagging working face, forming a filling body with good overall sealing; e) placing a sealing layer on top of the concrete filling body to fill the connection gap between the roadway roof and the filling body." This design relies solely on the force of individual support pillars to support the templates. If the individual support pillars are subjected to excessive force, there is a risk of collapse, resulting in poor safety. In addition, the precast concrete filling body templates overlap with each other, and the contact surfaces are hinged with wire, which may cause grout leakage. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of this, the present invention addresses the deficiencies of the existing technology and its main purpose is to provide a branch tunnel filling support structure, in which the individual support columns will not collapse, which not only improves safety but also prevents grout leakage, thereby overcoming the shortcomings of the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] This application provides a branch tunnel filling support structure, including geotextile, formwork, individual props, and anti-tipping columns disposed at the end of the branch tunnel; the formwork is tightly attached to the individual props; a connecting frame is provided on the back of the formwork; connectors are provided between the connecting frames for locking, and the connecting frames can be hung on the column handles of the individual props; the geotextile is tightly attached to the formwork and partially fixed to the formwork; a column cap is provided on the top of the individual props; a column shoe is provided on the bottom of the individual props; a first anti-tipping device is provided between the individual props; a spacer is provided between the individual props and the anti-tipping columns; a second anti-tipping device is provided on the anti-tipping columns.

[0008] Preferably, an anchor net is provided on the top of the branch tunnel, and the template is hung on the anchor net.

[0009] Preferably, the individual support columns are arranged in rows, and the spacing between the individual support columns is less than 300mm; the bracing columns are arranged in rows, and the spacing between the bracing columns is less than 1.2m.

[0010] Preferably, the top of the branch tunnel is provided with a plate beam or a canopy support structure, and the column cap presses on the plate beam or canopy support structure.

[0011] Preferably, the first anti-tipping device includes a first interlocking rope and a first anti-tipping buckle, the interlocking rope being attached to the single support column, and the first anti-tipping buckle being connected to the first interlocking rope.

[0012] Preferably, the second anti-tipping device is an anti-tipping rope or an anti-tipping buckle; the spacer is a plate beam or a wooden wedge.

[0013] Preferably, a support plate is provided at the bottom of the branch tunnel, and the column shoe is pressed on the support plate.

[0014] Preferably, a conveying pump and a filling pipe are provided on the outside of the branch tunnel. A valve is provided on the filling pipe. The filling pipe extends into the branch tunnel, and the conveying pump pumps the filler material into the branch tunnel.

[0015] Preferably, the geotextile is one of the following: polyester staple fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, filament spunbond needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, polypropylene geotextile, split-film woven geotextile, and high-strength woven geotextile.

[0016] Preferably, the template is one of the following: combined steel template, steel-framed plywood template, steel-framed bamboo plywood template, large template, or combined aluminum alloy template.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has significant advantages and beneficial effects. Specifically, as shown in the above technical solution, a connecting frame is provided on the back of the template, and connecting parts are used to lock the frames together. This method makes the template assembly simpler and more efficient. The geotextile is tightly attached to the template to prevent grout leakage. A first anti-tipping device is installed between individual supports to improve the overall stability of the individual supports. The spur columns can support the individual supports and prevent them from collapsing, thus improving safety. A second anti-tipping device is installed on the spur columns to prevent them from collapsing, further improving the overall stability and safety of the support structure. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a side view of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present utility model.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of template splicing according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the construction process of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram:

[0023] 10. Branch tunnel; 11. Anchor net; 12. Conveying pump; 13. Filling pipe; 14. Valve; 20. Geotextile; 21. Formwork; 22. Connecting frame; 23. Connector; 24. Single support column; 25. Column cap; 26. Support column. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by this utility model in order to achieve the intended utility model purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structure, features and effects of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it illustrates the specific structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is a branch tunnel 10 filling support structure.

[0027] The geotextile 20 is tightly attached to the template 21 to prevent grout leakage. The individual support columns 24 are connected as a whole by a first anti-tipping device, improving the overall stability of the individual support columns 24. The bracing columns 26 support the individual support columns 24, preventing them from collapsing and providing better safety. The bracing columns 26 are further protected by a second anti-tipping device, preventing them from collapsing and further enhancing the overall stability and safety of the support structure.

[0028] This application provides a backing structure for a branch tunnel 10, including geotextile 20, formwork 21, individual support columns 24, and anti-collision columns 26 disposed at the ends of the branch tunnel 10; the formwork 21 is tightly attached to the individual support columns 24; a connecting frame 22 is provided on the back of the formwork 21; connectors 23 are provided between the connecting frames 22 for locking, and the connecting frames 22 can be hung on the column handles of the individual support columns 24; the geotextile 20 is tightly attached to the formwork 21 and partially fixed to the formwork 21; a column cap 25 is provided on the top of the individual support column 24; a column shoe is provided on the bottom of the individual support column 24; a first anti-tipping device is provided between the individual support columns 24; a spacer is provided between the individual support columns 24 and the anti-tipping columns 26; a second anti-tipping device is provided on the anti-tipping columns 26. The geotextile 20 can prevent concrete and filler material from flowing out and can prevent grout leakage. The formwork 21 and the connecting frames 22 are assembled together with screws. The connecting frame 22 is preferably a metal frame, and the connector 23 is preferably a quick-release bolt or screw, allowing the template 21 to be quickly assembled. The single-unit support 24 is a single retractable support that utilizes liquid pressure to generate working resistance and achieve column lifting and unloading. It mainly consists of a cylinder, piston, valves, and other parts. The key component is a three-way valve, composed of a check valve, an unloading valve, and a safety valve. The spur column 26 refers to a wooden column that supports a building from the side, primarily used to maintain structural stability and prevent it from tilting. In high-grade coal mining processes, the spur column 26 maintains the stability of the support structure and prevents it from tilting to one side. Specifically, a new support is erected on the other side of the support or pillar; this newly erected support is called the spur column 26. Its column head is adjacent to the original support, and its column foot is a certain distance away from the original support, thus preventing the original support or support from tilting. The column cap 25 can be square timber. The column shoe is a single-unit support 24 column shoe used for support in coal mines and other mines, tunnels, and other working faces. The first anti-tipping device connects the individual support columns 24 in a row, resulting in better overall stability. The second anti-tipping device connects the supporting columns 26 in a row, further improving overall stability. Since the individual support columns 24 are supported at the back by the supporting columns 26, their stability, support capacity, and safety are all enhanced. The connecting frame 22 can be conveniently hung on the column handle of the individual support column 24 using straps or wire. The spacer is made of non-metallic material, such as plastic or wood, to prevent damage to the individual support columns 24. The geotextile 20 can be locally fixed to the template 21 using nails or binding, which is very convenient. In this embodiment, the template 21 is preferably made of bamboo plywood. The supporting columns 26 are also equipped with column caps.

[0029] Preferably, an anchor net 11 is provided on the top of the branch tunnel 10, and the template 21 is hung on the anchor net 11. The anchor net 11 is a protective device made of iron or steel wire woven into a mesh. It is commonly referred to as chain link mesh, hanging mesh, or diamond mesh. Anchor net 11 is widely used in mining applications. As an advanced support and reinforcement technology, it is used for high slopes in rock and soil conditions and large-span underground engineering, performing particularly well under adverse geological conditions.

[0030] Preferably, the individual support columns 24 are arranged in rows, and the spacing between the individual support columns 24 is less than 300mm; the bracing columns 26 are arranged in rows, and the spacing between the bracing columns 26 is less than 1.2m. The spacing between the individual support columns 24 and the bracing columns 26 can be set according to the specific site conditions. The spacing between the individual support columns 24 can be 150mm, 200mm, or 300mm; the spacing between the bracing columns 26 can be 0.8m, 1m, 1.2m, etc.

[0031] Preferably, the top of the branch tunnel 10 is provided with a plate beam or a canopy support structure, and the column cap 25 rests on the plate beam or canopy support structure. The column cap 25 can be a wooden block. The plate beam or canopy support structure can more evenly distribute the force of the individual support column 24 to the rock mass, coal seam, etc., resulting in better safety. The canopy support structure is a commonly used support method in tunnel engineering, mainly used to prevent tunnel collapse or rock mass instability.

[0032] Preferably, the first anti-tipping device includes a first interlocking rope and a first anti-tipping buckle. The interlocking rope is attached to the single support column 24, and the first anti-tipping buckle is connected to the first interlocking rope. The first interlocking rope is a steel wire rope. The first interlocking rope and the first anti-tipping buckle work together to quickly connect the single support columns 24 into a row, making the operation convenient and efficient.

[0033] Preferably, the second anti-tipping device is an anti-tipping rope or an anti-tipping buckle; the spacer is a plate beam or a wooden wedge. An anti-tipping rope in a coal mine is a protective device used to prevent the tilting of a single mine support 24. The second anti-tipping device can also be used for a buttress 26 to prevent it from tilting and improve safety.

[0034] Preferably, a support plate is provided at the bottom of the branch roadway 10, and the column shoe rests on the support plate. The support plate can be a wooden board or a steel plate. The single support column 24 can evenly transmit the force to the bottom of the roadway, resulting in better safety and stability.

[0035] Preferably, a conveying pump 12 and a filling pipe 13 are provided on the outer side of the branch tunnel 10. A valve 14 is provided on the filling pipe 13. The filling pipe 13 extends into the branch tunnel 10, and the conveying pump 12 pumps filler material into the branch tunnel 10. The conveying pump 12 can transport concrete and other materials into the branch tunnel 10 through the filling pipe 13. The filling pipe 13 is provided with a valve 14 for controlling the on / off state.

[0036] Preferably, the geotextile 20 is one of polyester staple fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextile 20, filament spunbond needle-punched nonwoven geotextile 20, polypropylene geotextile 20, split-film woven geotextile 20, and high-strength woven geotextile 20.

[0037] Preferably, the template 21 is one of the following: combined steel template, steel frame plywood template, steel frame bamboo plywood template, large template, and combined aluminum alloy template.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] Please refer to Figure 4 As shown, a filling process for a branch tunnel 10 is as follows: Based on the layout of the branch tunnel 10, materials such as bamboo plywood, geotextile 20, single-pillar supports 24, and wooden wedges are used for sealing. Single-pillar supports 24 and bamboo plywood are used for support, and an inner layer of geotextile 20 is added to form a closed space. The template 21 is preferably bamboo plywood.

[0040] 1. First, install individual props 24 at one end of the filling branch roadway 10. The leading edge of the prop should be flush against the coal wall of branch roadway 10. Clean the area under the prop to remove any loose coal or gangue. Arrange prop shoes along the line, ensuring the distance between props is no more than 300mm. If necessary, increase the density of the support. Install approximately 25-40 props in each branch roadway 10. The props must be firmly supported against the mountain slope. Install prop caps 25 to connect the props to the roof. If the roof is fractured, use plate beams or a canopy-type support. After installation, immediately tighten the props with interlocking ropes and anti-tipping interlocks.

[0041] 2. When erecting supports, a team of 2-3 people must be formed. 1-2 people must support the support, and 1 person must observe the roof and the surrounding area. The observer must not perform any other work besides assisting with the support erection. Personnel must operate within the controlled roof area; single-person operation is strictly prohibited. Before injecting fluid into the support, the injection port of the three-way valve must first be flushed with the injection gun to remove any coal dust. Then, secure the ring, gently pull the injection gun handle, and allow the support to rise slowly. Once the piston contacts the roof, continue injecting fluid for 3-5 seconds. The stroke of a single support with 24 pistons must not be less than 200mm, and the initial support force must not be less than 90KN.

[0042] 3. After the support columns are erected, fix the bamboo plywood. Fix the bamboo plywood to the inside of the dense support columns in the area to be filled, and make sure it is close to the support columns. Use wire to tie the bamboo plywood to the top slab anchor mesh 11 or the column handle. There should be no gaps between the two bamboo plywood boards, and they should be firmly fixed.

[0043] 4. Fix the geotextile 20. Place the woven fabric inside the bamboo plywood and use nails to evenly hammer the woven fabric onto the coal wall. Then, use wire or cable ties to tie the woven fabric to the bamboo plywood every 0.5 meters or so. The woven fabric should be laid with appropriate tightness and must be in close contact with the roof and floor. Both sides should be firmly fixed to prevent grout leakage and ensure the filling and roof connection effect.

[0044] 5. After the formwork 21 is erected, a bracing column 26 shall be driven every 1.2 meters on the outside of the support column. The bracing column 26 shall be supported with force, and the bracing column 26 shall be secured to the support column using slab beams or wooden wedges as spacers. It is strictly forbidden to drive the bracing column 26 directly onto the single support column 24 without spacers. After the bracing column 26 is erected, anti-tipping ropes or anti-tipping buckles must be fastened.

[0045] 6. Formwork removal can only proceed 24 hours after the backfill tunnel 10 is fully filled and connected to the roof. When removing the support column, personnel must stand diagonally above the column with reliable support, and use a long-handled unloading handle with a length of not less than 300mm to unload it. Personnel are strictly prohibited from unloading directly onto the support column. If the length is insufficient, a rope can be added, and a long-handled tool or rope can be used to pull the support column out. Then, the bamboo plywood is removed, and the support column, bamboo plywood, column shoe, column cap 25, and beam are transported to the next formwork filling backfill tunnel 10.

[0046] 7. During the formwork erection process, the maximum height of a single support column should be less than the maximum design height of the column by 0.1m, and the minimum height should be greater than the minimum design height of the column by 0.2m. Unqualified supports shall not be used, and shall be marked, transported out of the working face and stored at a designated location with a tag. It is strictly forbidden to use hand picks or other tools to replace unloading handles, and it is strictly forbidden to use picks or hammers to strike hydraulic cylinders and three-way valves. After the supports are erected, each support column must be secured with an anti-tipping rope. Slab beams and other materials must be stacked in material channels according to their categories, and must not block pedestrian walkways and safety exits or be buried in coal.

[0047] In summary, the key design feature of this utility model is that the geotextile 20 is tightly attached to the template 21, preventing grout leakage. A first anti-tipping device is installed between the individual support columns 24, improving the overall stability of the individual support columns 24; a second anti-tipping device is installed on the bracing column 26, further enhancing the overall stability and safety of the support structure. Simultaneously, the bracing column 26 supports the individual support columns 24, preventing them from collapsing and providing even better safety.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A branch roadway filling support structure, characterized by: This includes geotextiles, formwork, individual supports, and struts installed at the ends of branch tunnels; The template is tightly attached to the single support column; a connecting frame is provided on the back of the template; connectors are provided between the connecting frames for locking, and the connecting frames can be hung on the column handle of the single support column; The geotextile is tightly attached to the template and partially fixed to the template; A column cap is provided at the top of each individual support column; a column shoe is provided at the bottom of each individual support column; and a first anti-tipping device is provided between the individual support columns. Spacers are installed between the individual support columns and the strut columns; a second anti-tipping device is installed on the strut columns.

2. A branch-and-fill support structure according to claim 1, wherein: An anchor net is installed on the top of the branch tunnel, and the template is hung on the anchor net.

3. A branch-and-fill support structure according to claim 1, wherein: The individual support columns are arranged in rows, and the spacing between the individual support columns is less than 300mm; the bracing columns are arranged in rows, and the spacing between the bracing columns is less than 1.2m.

4. A branch-and-fill support structure according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: The top of the branch tunnel is provided with a slab beam or a canopy support structure, and the column cap presses on the slab beam or canopy support structure.

5. A branch-and-fill support structure according to claim 1, wherein: The first anti-tipping device includes a first interlocking rope and a first anti-tipping buckle. The interlocking rope is attached to the single support column, and the first anti-tipping buckle is connected to the first interlocking rope.

6. A branch-and-fill support structure according to claim 1 or 5, wherein: The second anti-tipping device is an anti-tipping rope or an anti-tipping buckle; the spacer is a board beam or a wooden wedge.

7. A branch-and-fill support structure according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the branch tunnel is equipped with a support plate, and the column shoe is pressed on the support plate.

8. A branch-and-fill support structure according to claim 1, wherein: A conveying pump and a filling pipe are installed on the outside of the branch tunnel. A valve is installed on the filling pipe. The filling pipe extends into the branch tunnel, and the conveying pump pumps the filler material into the branch tunnel.

9. A branch-and-fill support structure according to claim 1, wherein: The geotextile is one of the following: polyester staple fiber needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, filament spunbond needle-punched nonwoven geotextile, polypropylene geotextile, split-film woven geotextile, and high-strength woven geotextile.

10. A branch-and-fill support structure according to claim 1 or 9, wherein: The template is one of the following: combined steel template, steel frame plywood template, steel frame bamboo plywood template, large template, or combined aluminum alloy template.

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