Laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtering device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtering device which comprises an air flow channel, air flows to a second end from a first end of the air flow channel, and an air centrifugal cyclone mechanism is arranged at the first end of the air flow channel to enable the air to circulate to the second end in a centrifugal rotation mode in the air flow channel; the spiral metal filter screen and the air flow channel are coaxially arranged, one end of the spiral metal filter screen is connected with the side wall of the air flow channel, and the other end of the spiral metal filter screen extends towards the center of the air flow channel to the position 1 / 5-2 / 3 of the radius of the air flow channel and spirally and continuously covers more than 1 / 10 of the axial length of the air flow channel; the laser emitting device is used for irradiating laser beams to the spiral metal filter screen so as to eliminate harmful substances attached to the filter screen, the air filtering system is upgraded to a brand new mode of active inactivation from passive interception, harmful microorganisms on a filter material are inactivated in real time on the premise that basic filtering performance is not affected, and the air filtering effect is improved. The pollution accumulation on the filter material is reduced, and the durability of the filter material is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of air purification technology, and in particular, to a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filter device. Background Technology

[0002] Existing air filtration technology can effectively intercept particulate pollutants in the air, but it has certain shortcomings in microbial control. Conventional air filters continuously trap pathogenic microorganisms in the air, such as viruses and bacteria, during operation. These microorganisms mainly come from aerosols produced by indoor people breathing, coughing, or sneezing. When the system is shut down, the physical flushing effect of airflow is lost, and a high-density microbial environment forms on the filter surface. Microorganisms further multiply, and after the system is restarted, they are very likely to return to the air and affect human health. At the same time, the metabolism of microorganisms on the filter will corrode the filter material.

[0003] This vicious cycle of "filtration-retention-reproduction-re-release" turns traditional filter media into potential biocontamination diffusers, especially in sensitive environments such as hospitals and laboratories. Existing technologies exhibit the following significant drawbacks:

[0004] 1. Lack of mechanisms for passive interception and active deactivation;

[0005] 2. The antibacterial properties and long-lasting effect of filter media cannot be achieved simultaneously.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field to propose an air filtration system with self-cleaning filter media, which can inactivate harmful microorganisms on the filter media in real time without affecting the basic filtration performance, reduce the accumulation of contaminants on the filter media, and improve the durability of the filter media. Utility Model Content

[0007] Based on this, and in response to the above problems, this utility model provides a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device, which upgrades the air filtration system from "passive interception" to a new mode of "active inactivation". Without affecting the basic filtration performance, it inactivates harmful microorganisms on the filter material in real time, reduces the accumulation of pollution on the filter material, and improves the durability of the filter material.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device, characterized in that it includes: an airflow channel, through which air flows from a first end to a second end, and an air centrifugal cyclone mechanism is provided at the first end of the airflow channel to cause the air to flow centrifugally and rotatingly towards the second end within the airflow channel; a spiral metal filter screen, coaxially arranged with the airflow channel, one end of which is connected to the side wall of the airflow channel, and the other end extending toward the center of the airflow channel to a position of 1 / 5 to 2 / 3 of the airflow channel radius, and spirally and continuously covering more than 1 / 10 of the axial length of the airflow channel; and a laser emitting device for irradiating the spiral metal filter screen with a laser beam to eliminate harmful substances adhering to the filter screen.

[0009] In one specific embodiment, the surface of the spiral metal filter includes a laser reflective layer.

[0010] In one specific embodiment, the surface of the spiral metal filter includes periodically distributed microstructures, the microstructures including an array of pits and / or raised stripes, and the diameter of a single structural unit of the microstructure is 10-200 μm and the depth is 1-50 μm.

[0011] In one specific embodiment, the spiral metal filter screen is made of stainless steel 316L or aluminum-based composite material.

[0012] In one specific embodiment, a secondary collection chamber is provided downstream of the spiral metal filter for collecting microparticles generated by laser decomposition. The secondary collection chamber is provided with an electrostatic adsorption plate and / or an activated carbon layer.

[0013] In one specific embodiment, the spiral metal filter is connected to a piezoelectric vibrator, and the vibration frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator forms a frequency doubling resonance with the laser pulse frequency. The vibration amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator is 50-200nm.

[0014] In one specific embodiment, the spiral metal filter screen includes a base layer, an intermediate layer, and a functional layer. The base layer has a thickness of 100-200 μm and is made of a porous 316L stainless steel plate. The intermediate layer has a thickness of 50-100 μm and is made of a silicon carbide nanowire-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The functional layer is a silver / zinc oxide composite coating with a thickness of 10-20 μm.

[0015] In one specific embodiment, the porosity of the 316L stainless steel porous plate is 30-40%.

[0016] In one specific embodiment, the laser emitted by the laser emitting device has a wavelength of 250nm-270nm.

[0017] In one specific embodiment, a primary filter is also provided at the first end of the airflow channel.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] In this invention, a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device is used. Airborne particles are primarily concentrated on a spiral metal filter screen by the centrifugal cyclone mechanism. A laser irradiates the spiral metal filter screen, forming a spiral optical path that covers the entire screen, destroying the DNA / RNA of microorganisms deposited on the screen. This enables the spiral metal filter screen to achieve in-situ self-cleaning, eliminating harmful microorganisms attached to it in real time. This ensures that no harmful microorganisms accumulate or proliferate on the filter material after the device stops operating. Without affecting basic filtration performance, it inactivates harmful microorganisms on the filter material in real time, reducing contamination accumulation and improving filter material durability. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filter device according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-layer spiral metal filter screen in this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of section A. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0024] like Figure 1As shown, this embodiment provides a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device, including: an airflow channel 100, through which air flows from a first end 101 to a second end 102; an air centrifugal cyclone mechanism 200 is provided at the first end 101 of the airflow channel 100 to allow air to flow centrifugally and rotatingly within the airflow channel 100 towards the second end 102; a spiral metal filter 300, coaxially arranged with the airflow channel 100, with one end of the spiral metal filter 300 connected to the sidewall of the airflow channel 100, and the other end extending toward the center of the airflow channel 100 to a position of 1 / 5 to 2 / 3 of the airflow channel radius, and spirally and continuously covering more than 1 / 10 of the axial length of the airflow channel 100; and a laser emitting device 400 emitting an ultraviolet laser with a wavelength of 250nm-270nm, used to irradiate the spiral metal filter 300 with a laser beam to eliminate harmful substances attached to the spiral metal filter 300. In this embodiment, a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device is provided. Airborne particles, under the action of the centrifugal cyclone mechanism 200, mainly accumulate on the spiral metal filter screen 300. The centrifugal cyclone mechanism 200 can be a cyclone separator, a cyclone fan, or other mechanism that centrifugally directs air from one end to the other. The 250-270nm ultraviolet laser emitted by the laser emitting device 400 irradiates the spiral metal filter screen 300, directly destroying the DNA / RNA of microorganisms deposited on the filter screen, causing the spiral metal filter screen 300 to... The device achieves in-situ self-cleaning, eliminating harmful substances adhering to the spiral metal filter screen 300 in real time during use, ensuring that no harmful microorganisms accumulate or grow on the filter material after the device stops operating. This embodiment provides a laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device, upgrading the air filtration system from "passive interception" to a new mode of "active inactivation". It eliminates the need to disassemble and clean the filter screen, and inactivates harmful microorganisms on the filter material in real time without affecting the basic filtration performance, reducing the accumulation of pollution on the filter material and improving the durability of the filter material.

[0025] In one specific embodiment, the front and rear / upper and lower surfaces of the spiral metal filter 300 are all covered with laser reflective layers. When air flows vertically, the laser beam irradiates the spiral metal filter 300 and, under the action of the laser reflective layer between its upper and lower surfaces, is continuously reflected along the spiral metal filter, forming a spiral light path extending along the spiral metal filter 300. This allows the laser beam to cover the entire spiral metal filter 300, thereby inactivating harmful microorganisms attached to it. When air flows horizontally, the laser beam irradiates the spiral metal filter 300 and, under the action of the laser reflective layer between its front and rear surfaces, is continuously reflected along the spiral metal filter, forming a spiral light path extending along the spiral metal filter 300.

[0026] like Figures 2-3As shown, in one specific embodiment, the surface of the spiral metal filter 300 includes periodically distributed microstructures, including a pit array 301 and / or raised stripes 302. The diameter of a single structural unit of the microstructure is 10-200 μm and the depth is 1-50 μm. The microstructure on the filter surface excites local surface plasma under laser irradiation, which significantly enhances the photodissociation efficiency of organic particles.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the spiral metal filter 300 is made of stainless steel 316L or aluminum-based composite material.

[0028] In one specific embodiment, a secondary collection chamber 500 is provided downstream of the spiral metal filter 300 for collecting microparticles generated by laser decomposition. The secondary collection chamber is provided with an electrostatic adsorption plate 501 and / or an activated carbon layer 502. The electrostatic adsorption plate 501 applies an electric field to capture harmful microorganisms entering the secondary collection chamber 500, and the activated carbon layer 502 chemically adsorbs harmful microorganisms entering the secondary collection chamber 500, preventing harmful microorganisms from returning to the air.

[0029] In one specific embodiment, the spiral metal filter 300 is connected to the piezoelectric vibrator 600. The vibration frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator 600 forms a frequency doubling resonance with the laser pulse frequency. The vibration amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator 600 is 50-200nm. The piezoelectric vibrator 600 drives the spiral metal filter 300 to vibrate together, which reduces the adhesion force of particles and causes the particles adhering to the metal filter to fall off and be recycled into the secondary collection chamber 500, which can significantly reduce the energy consumption of laser cleaning.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, the spiral metal filter 300 includes a base layer 303, an intermediate layer 304, and a functional layer 305. The base layer 303 has a thickness of 100-200 μm and is made of a porous 316L stainless steel plate. Preferably, the porosity of the porous 316L stainless steel plate is 30-40%. The intermediate layer 304 has a thickness of 50-100 μm and is made of a silicon carbide nanowire-reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The functional layer 305 is a silver / zinc oxide composite coating with a thickness of 10-20 μm. The multi-layer structure works together to achieve mechanical support for the base layer, thermal shock resistance of the intermediate layer, and antibacterial / static conductivity of the functional layer.

[0031] In one specific embodiment, a primary filter 1011 is also provided at the first end 101 of the airflow channel 100 to initially filter out larger particles.

[0032] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Therefore, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within this utility model, and no reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0033] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

Claims

1. A laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device, characterized in that: include: An airflow channel is provided, through which air flows from a first end to a second end. An air centrifugal vortex mechanism is provided at the first end of the airflow channel to make the air flow centrifugally and rotatingly to the second end within the airflow channel. A spiral metal filter screen is coaxially arranged with the air flow channel. One end of the spiral metal filter screen is connected to the side wall of the air flow channel, and the other end extends towards the center of the air flow channel to a position of 1 / 5 to 2 / 3 of the radius of the air flow channel, and spirally and continuously covers more than 1 / 10 of the axial length of the air flow channel. A laser emitting device is used to irradiate a laser beam onto a spiral metal filter to eliminate harmful substances adhering to the filter.

2. The laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the spiral metal filter includes a laser reflective layer.

3. The laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the spiral metal filter screen includes periodically distributed microstructures, which include an array of pits and / or raised stripes. The diameter of a single structural unit of the microstructure is 10-200 μm and the depth is 1-50 μm.

4. A laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filter device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The spiral metal filter screen is made of stainless steel 316L or aluminum-based composite material.

5. The laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral metal filter is connected to a piezoelectric vibrator. The vibration frequency of the piezoelectric vibrator forms a frequency doubling resonance with the laser pulse frequency. The vibration amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator is 50-200nm.

6. A laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The spiral metal filter screen comprises a base layer, an intermediate layer, and a functional layer. The base layer is 100-200 μm thick and is made of 316L stainless steel porous plate. The intermediate layer is 50-100 μm thick and is made of silicon carbide nanowire reinforced aluminum matrix composite material. The functional layer is a silver / zinc oxide composite coating with a thickness of 10-20 μm.

7. A laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filtration device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The porosity of the 316L stainless steel perforated plate is 30-40%.

8. The laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser emitted by the laser emitting device has a wavelength of 250nm-270nm.

9. A laser self-cleaning centrifugal cyclone air filter device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A primary filter is also installed at the first end of the airflow channel.

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