Waterproof tailstock of machine tool

Abstract

The waterproof tailstock of the machine tool comprises a tailstock body provided with a tailstock mandrel, a center body is arranged in an inner cavity of the working end of the tailstock mandrel, a jacking sleeve is arranged on the periphery of the center body, and a bearing piece is arranged on the jacking sleeve. An annular sealing boss is arranged on the periphery of the jacking sleeve, and a bearing gland is arranged outside the annular sealing boss in a sleeving mode at intervals. A step table is arranged on the inner circumference of the bearing gland; an outer end cover is arranged on the side, facing the workpiece, of the bearing gland. Drainage holes facing downwards are formed in the bearing gland and the outer end cover respectively. According to the utility model, the annular sealing boss and the bearing gland are mainly utilized to form a labyrinth type waterproof structure, so that cutting fluid can be effectively prevented from entering. Even if part of water vapor enters from the gaps, the water vapor can fall down at the drainage holes by means of gravity, and a good waterproof effect is achieved together with the labyrinth type waterproof structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a waterproof tailstock for machine tools. Background Technology

[0002] In lathe machining, the tailstock sleeve is used to support and position shaft-like parts, ensuring their stability during machining and preventing machining errors caused by vibration or displacement. The structural design of the tailstock sleeve has a significant impact on the machining process and accuracy. A reasonable structural design can ensure the stability of shaft-like parts during machining, thereby improving machining accuracy.

[0003] In the field of mill-turning centers and turning centers, high-precision tailstocks are essential for machining slender shafts requiring high accuracy. Both fixed and movable centers have their limitations. With fixed centers, the workpiece rotates while the center remains stationary, generating friction and heat that is transferred to the workpiece, affecting its final machining accuracy. Movable centers, equipped with bearings, rotate with the workpiece during machining, but their positioning accuracy is slightly lower, and careful maintenance is necessary to prevent the center from jamming.

[0004] Importantly, the contact area between the moving tip and the tailstock component is prone to oil and water (i.e., cutting fluid), which can cause corrosion and damage machine tool components. In other words, during turning, water is sprayed onto the workpiece for cooling, but tiny amounts of oil and water vapor can enter the tailstock structure through gaps, causing damage to components such as bearings and affecting their service life.

[0005] Therefore, a waterproof tailstock needs to be designed to improve its service life. Utility Model Content

[0006] This invention provides a waterproof tailstock for machine tools to solve the problems mentioned in the background section. It achieves excellent waterproofing, allowing even if some oil, water, or vapor enters, it to drain quickly and prevents it from entering bearings and other components, thus extending service life.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A waterproof tailstock for a machine tool includes a tailstock body, a tailstock spindle disposed in a tailstock core hole at the upper part of the tailstock body, and the end of the tailstock spindle being fastened to the tailstock body by a tension plate with fastening bolts; a center body is disposed in the inner cavity of the working end of the tailstock spindle, and a top sleeve is adapted to be connected to the outer periphery of the center body, and a bearing component is disposed on the top sleeve that is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the working end of the tailstock spindle;

[0009] An annular sealing boss is provided on the outer periphery of the tightening sleeve located outside the tailstock spindle, and a bearing cap that is fastened to the tailstock spindle is fitted at intervals on the outer periphery of the annular sealing boss.

[0010] The bearing cap has a stepped platform on its inner circumference that is close to the inner surface of the annular sealing boss; the bearing cap has an outer end cap that is fastened to the side facing the workpiece, and the outer end cap is close to the outer surface of the annular sealing boss.

[0011] The bearing cap and the outer end cap are respectively provided with downward-facing drainage holes.

[0012] Preferably, the outer periphery of the annular sealing boss is provided with at least one annular recessed groove.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the tip body near the tightening sleeve has a conical structure, with the bottom of the conical structure facing the workpiece direction and the top of the conical structure away from the workpiece direction.

[0014] Preferably, the side of the top sleeve facing the top body has a conical structure that is adapted to be inserted into it.

[0015] Preferably, a limiting ring for limiting the bearing component is threaded onto the tightening sleeve.

[0016] Preferably, the bearing cap has a limiting boss on the side facing the bearing component.

[0017] Preferably, the outer end cap is provided with a bent wrapping portion that wraps around the outer periphery of the bearing cover.

[0018] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0019] This invention primarily utilizes annular sealing bosses and bearing caps to form a labyrinthine waterproof structure, effectively preventing the entry of cutting fluid. Even if some moisture enters through the gaps, it can fall off due to gravity at the drainage holes, working in conjunction with the labyrinthine waterproof structure to achieve a good waterproof effect.

[0020] This invention also enables a modular assembly process, with a fixed unit consisting of a tailstock mandrel, bearing cap, and outer end cap; and a rotating unit consisting of a center body, clamping sleeve, and bearing. These two units can be pre-assembled separately, reducing assembly difficulty, improving assembly efficiency, and facilitating standardized control. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a bottom view illustrating the structure of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic front sectional view of the structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0026] Figure 6 This is an axial sectional view illustrating the structure of the tailstock mandrel in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tip in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation state of the tension plate in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the center body in this utility model.

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 100. Tailstock body; 101. Tensioner plate;

[0032] 201, Tailstock spindle; 202, Bearing cap; 2021, Stepped platform; 2022, Limiting boss; 203, Outer end cap; 2031, Bending wrapping part; 204, Drain hole;

[0033] 301, Top body; 302, Tightening sleeve; 3021, Annular sealing boss; 3022, Annular recessed groove; 303, Bearing component; 304, Limiting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the following is a summary description. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 9 The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the present invention.

[0035] This embodiment discloses a waterproof tailstock for machine tools, which can create a good waterproof seal between the rotating unit and the stationary unit. Even if some moisture enters, it can be quickly discharged and will not enter the interior to cause damage to other components.

[0036] refer to Figures 1 to 3 ,as well as Figure 8As shown, specifically, it includes a tailstock body 100, and a tailstock spindle 201 is provided in the tailstock core hole at the upper part of the tailstock body 100. The two are mutually adapted and inserted. The end of the tailstock spindle 201 (i.e. the end away from the workpiece in the figure) is fastened to the tailstock body 100 by a tension plate 101 with fastening bolts.

[0037] That is, neither the tailstock spindle 201 nor the tailstock body 100 rotates, and the two are fastened together. When the fastening bolts are tightened, a fastening force from the rear (i.e., away from the workpiece) can be generated on the tailstock spindle 201 to ensure a stable connection between the two.

[0038] The working end (i.e., the end facing the workpiece) of the tailstock spindle 201 has a center body 301 inside, which uses its pointed end to press against the workpiece and rotates with the workpiece (see reference). Figure 3 The outer periphery of the tip body 301 (i.e., the end away from the workpiece) is adapted to connect to the tightening sleeve 302. The two are connected by a plug-in joint, which also facilitates individual replacement.

[0039] The tightening sleeve 302 is provided with bearing components 303 (three are shown in the figure) that are rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the working end of the tailstock spindle 201. That is, the tightening sleeve 302 can rotate in the inner cavity of the tailstock spindle 201 using the bearing components 303.

[0040] refer to Figures 3 to 5 As shown, an annular sealing boss 3021 is provided on the outer periphery of the tightening sleeve 302 located outside the tailstock spindle 201. That is, the diameter of the annular sealing boss 3021 is larger than the diameter of the tightening sleeve 302, thereby forming a raised annular step, which not only forms a step for sealing, but also provides a limiting support for the bearing component 303.

[0041] A bearing cap 202, which is fastened to the tailstock spindle 201, is fitted around the outer periphery of the annular sealing boss 3021 at intervals. The reason for the intervals is to facilitate the axial rotation of the clamping sleeve 302, and the two do not interfere with each other.

[0042] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the inner circumference of the bearing cap 202 is provided with a stepped platform 2021 that abuts against the inner surface (i.e., the side away from the workpiece) of the annular sealing boss 3021. The two are abutting but not in contact, so as not to interfere with the rotation of the clamping sleeve 302. The bearing cap 202 has an outer end cap 203 fastened to the side facing the workpiece. The outer end cap 203 abuts against the outer surface of the annular sealing boss 3021, also abutting but not in contact, so as not to affect the rotation of the clamping sleeve 302 (see reference). Figure 3(As shown). This creates a labyrinthine seal structure with multiple bends to prevent the entry of metal shavings or cutting fluid.

[0043] Therefore, the rotating unit includes a center body 301, a clamping sleeve 302, and a bearing component 303, which rotate together with the workpiece. The fixing unit includes a tailstock spindle 201, a bearing cap 202, and an outer end cap 203, which are connected by fastening bolts (see reference). Figure 9 The five fastening bolts shown in the diagram secure the connection. The rotating and fixed units rotate relative to each other via bearing 303. The gap between the two units is formed by multiple bends (i.e., a labyrinth seal) through a stepped design, improving the waterproof sealing effect.

[0044] The bearing cap 202 needs to be pre-installed on the rotating unit, specifically on the top clamping sleeve 302. It cannot be completely separated from the rotating unit, but can move relative to it.

[0045] like Figure 2 and Figure 9 As shown, during operation, some moisture inevitably enters the interior through the gap, but it will not accumulate. This is because the bearing cap 202 and the outer end cap 203 are each equipped with a downward-facing drain hole 204 (three are actually provided). This drain hole 204 connects the gap to the outside, and since the drain hole 204 faces downwards, the internal moisture will naturally fall off under gravity (see reference). Figure 5 (As indicated by the dashed arrow in the middle), it will not continue to enter the interior, nor will it accumulate, thus ensuring the service life of components such as bearing 303.

[0046] Additionally, it should be noted that the drain hole 204 can be used not only for drainage but also to connect to the air inlet pipe. Air is blown into the internal gap using airflow, creating a high-pressure environment inside. Other air is then blown outwards from the gap, preventing metal shavings or cutting fluid from entering. Of course, this requires additional components to function properly.

[0047] In this embodiment, to achieve better waterproofing, at least one annular groove 3022 is provided on the outer periphery of the annular sealing boss 3021. Figures 3 to 5 The diagram shows two annular recessed grooves 3022. When some water vapor enters, it first enters the annular recessed grooves and is then flung out in a circumferential direction under the action of high-speed centrifugal force, thereby changing the path of the water vapor entering laterally (i.e., in the direction shown in the figure). If this annular recessed groove is not provided here, but a purely planar structure is used, the water vapor can easily penetrate laterally into the bearing component 303.

[0048] Preferably, the end of the tip 301 near the clamping sleeve 302 has a conical structure, with the bottom of the cone facing the workpiece and the top of the cone away from the workpiece. This structure provides a better clamping effect on the workpiece and facilitates the assembly and disassembly of the tip 301. Of course, the side of the clamping sleeve 302 facing the tip 301 has a conical structure that fits and inserts into it. That is, the greater the clamping force of the tip 301 on the workpiece, the better the stability between the tip 301 and the clamping sleeve 302. Conversely, the smaller the clamping force, the easier it is to remove the tip 301.

[0049] To better limit the bearing component 303, a limiting ring 304 is threaded onto the tightening sleeve 302 to limit the bearing component 303. That is, the limiting ring 304 is threaded to the external threads on the tightening sleeve 302, and with continuous tightening, it can effectively contact and limit the bearing component 303. Of course, the other side of the bearing component 303 is also contacted and limited by the annular sealing boss 3021.

[0050] refer to Figure 4 In order to better limit the bearing component 303, the bearing cover 202 is provided with a limiting boss 2022 on the side facing the bearing component 303.

[0051] Preferably, the outer end cap 203 is provided with a bent wrapping portion 2031 that wraps around the outer periphery of the bearing cap 202. This structure facilitates quick assembly with the bearing cap 202, and the bent structure can also form a stepped connection, resulting in a better sealing effect.

[0052] This invention primarily utilizes annular sealing bosses and bearing caps to form a labyrinthine waterproof structure, effectively preventing the entry of cutting fluid. Even if some moisture enters through the gaps, it can fall off due to gravity at the drainage holes, working in conjunction with the labyrinthine waterproof structure to achieve a good waterproof effect.

[0053] This invention also enables a modular assembly process, with a fixed unit consisting of a tailstock mandrel, bearing cap, and outer end cap; and a rotating unit consisting of a center body, clamping sleeve, and bearing. Both units can be pre-assembled, reducing assembly difficulty, improving assembly efficiency, and facilitating standardized control.

[0054] In the manufacturing and assembly of this utility model, the components of the rotating unit are assembled according to tolerance requirements and locked according to torque requirements. During assembly, the bearing cover 202 in the fixed unit is assembled onto the rotating unit in advance, so that the bearing cover 202 and the top clamping sleeve 302 are in a soft connection state. Then, the rotating unit is assembled onto the tailstock spindle 201, and the bearing cover 202 and the outer end cover 203 are locked in sequence, so that the fixed unit 9 and the rotating unit 10 can be assembled into a whole.

[0055] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to embodiments, various modifications can be made and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the features in the embodiments disclosed in this invention can be combined with each other in any way. The lack of an exhaustive description of these combinations in this specification is merely for the sake of brevity and resource conservation. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A waterproof tailstock for a machine tool, comprising a tailstock body (100), wherein a tailstock spindle (201) is provided in a tailstock core hole at the upper part of the tailstock body (100), and the end of the tailstock spindle (201) is fastened to the tailstock body (100) by a tension plate (101) with fastening bolts; a center body (301) is provided in the inner cavity of the working end of the tailstock spindle (201), and a top sleeve (302) is adapted to be connected to the outer periphery of the center body (301), and a bearing (303) is provided on the top sleeve (302) and rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the working end of the tailstock spindle (201). Its features are: An annular sealing boss (3021) is provided on the outer periphery of the top sleeve (302) located outside the tailstock spindle (201), and a bearing cap (202) that is fastened to the tailstock spindle (201) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the annular sealing boss (3021). The bearing cap (202) has a stepped platform (2021) on its inner circumference that is close to the inner surface of the annular sealing boss (3021); the bearing cap (202) has an outer end cap (203) that is fastened to the side facing the workpiece, and the outer end cap (203) is close to the outer surface of the annular sealing boss (3021). The bearing cap (202) and the outer end cap (203) are respectively provided with downward-facing drainage holes (204).

2. The waterproof tailstock for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the annular sealing boss (3021) is provided with at least one annular recessed groove (3022).

3. The waterproof tailstock for machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that: The tip (301) has a conical structure at one end near the top sleeve (302), with the bottom of the cone facing the workpiece and the top of the cone away from the workpiece.

4. The waterproof tailstock for machine tools according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top sleeve (302) has a conical structure on the side facing the top body (301) that is adapted to be inserted into it.

5. The waterproof tailstock for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting ring (304) for limiting the bearing component (303) is threaded onto the tightening sleeve (302).

6. The waterproof tailstock for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing cap (202) has a limiting boss (2022) on the side facing the bearing component (303).

7. The waterproof tailstock for machine tools according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer end cap (203) is provided with a bent wrapping part (2031) that wraps around the outer periphery of the bearing cover (202).

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