Multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for flue gas analyzer

Abstract

The utility model provides a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer. The switching structure comprises a shell, a plurality of gas chambers and a plurality of gas chambers, the static gas guide block forms a central gas chamber channel and three branch gas chamber channels which are concentrically distributed, and each branch gas chamber channel is opened inwards in the central gas chamber channel in the radial direction; the rotor assembly is arranged in the shell and coaxially rotates around the central air chamber channel, an annular groove is formed in the rotor assembly, and the annular groove is communicated with the three through holes in a rotor assembly body; the annular sealing element is arranged between the periphery of the opening of the branch air chamber channel of the static air guide block and the faying surface of the rotor assembly; the annular groove is in butt joint with the opening of the corresponding branch air chamber channel at any through hole, and the other through holes and the other branch air chamber channels are staggered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas detection technology, and in particular to a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer. Background Technology

[0002] In existing flue gas analysis equipment, switching between multiple detection chambers is typically achieved using switching structures such as solenoid valve arrays or mechanical directional valves. Solenoid valve arrays control the opening and closing of multiple solenoid valves to switch between different gas paths, offering the advantage of fast response. Mechanical directional valves, on the other hand, utilize rotating or sliding components to connect channels, featuring simple structure and flexible control methods. These technical solutions are widely used in industrial emission monitoring, environmental detection, and combustion control, and to a certain extent, meet the functional requirements of multi-channel gas switching.

[0003] However, existing technologies still have significant shortcomings. On the one hand, solenoid valve arrays, due to their numerous valve bodies and complex structure, not only increase the size and manufacturing cost of the equipment, but also, with increased use, the valve core and seals are prone to wear, leading to gas leakage, especially in high-temperature or corrosive environments, resulting in poor sealing reliability. On the other hand, while traditional mechanical directional valves have a certain degree of durability, their rotating or sliding sealing pairs are prone to failure after long-term operation, making it difficult to consistently guarantee sealing performance. In addition, existing multi-channel switching structures often suffer from cross-contamination between channels, response time delays, and difficulties in processing and maintaining sealing surfaces. Especially in applications with small space requirements and high sealing performance requirements, existing solutions struggle to balance compactness, sealing performance, and manufacturing feasibility.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure to solve the technical problems of insufficient sealing performance, high gas leakage rate, excessive structural volume and poor long-term operational reliability in the existing technology. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, one objective of this utility model is to provide a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer, which includes:

[0006] case;

[0007] A stationary gas-conducting block is fixed within the housing, forming a central gas chamber channel and three concentrically distributed branch gas chamber channels, each branch gas chamber channel opening radially inward into the central gas chamber channel; a rotor assembly is disposed within the housing and rotates coaxially around the central gas chamber channel, the rotor assembly body forming an annular groove penetrating the rotor body, the annular groove communicating with three through holes on the rotor assembly body; an annular seal is disposed between the periphery of the branch gas chamber channel opening of the stationary gas-conducting block and the contact surface of the rotor assembly; wherein, the annular groove aligns with the opening of the corresponding branch gas chamber channel at any of the through holes, and the other through holes are misaligned with the other branch gas chamber channels to communicate with the central gas chamber channel; the volume of the space formed between the annular groove and the branch gas chamber channel opening is not greater than 0.1 ml; and, under a pressure difference of 0.1 MPa, the gas leakage rate between any adjacent gas chamber channel is not greater than 5 ml / min.

[0008] In some examples of this utility model, the annular seal is a fluororubber O-ring.

[0009] In some examples of this invention, the O-ring has a hardness of HA 60–70.

[0010] In some examples of this invention, the rotor assembly body is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material.

[0011] In some examples of this utility model, the outer periphery of the rotor assembly body is provided with a spring preload ring that applies a preload force to the annular seal along the axial direction.

[0012] In some examples of this utility model, the air chamber channels are distributed at equal angles on concentric circles, and the angle between the center lines of two adjacent channels is 120°.

[0013] In some examples of this utility model, the annular groove and each through hole form a continuous through hole at the through hole position.

[0014] In some examples of this invention, the housing is made of 316L stainless steel.

[0015] In some examples of this utility model, the housing consists of an upper housing and a lower housing, and the two are detachably connected by fasteners.

[0016] In some examples of this utility model, a guide pin is provided between the upper housing and the lower housing to position the rotor assembly and limit its axial displacement.

[0017] Additional aspects and advantages of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

[0018] Based on the above technical solution, the multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer of this utility model adopts a design including a stationary gas guide block, a coaxially rotatable rotor assembly, and an annular seal. The stationary gas guide block forms a central gas chamber channel and multiple branch gas chamber channels, and the channels are reliably connected through annular grooves and through holes on the rotor assembly. This structure, through the continuous arrangement of annular grooves and through holes, reduces switching resistance during rotation and ensures stable communication between different branch gas chamber channels and the central gas chamber channel. The configuration of the annular seal and the selection of sealing materials (such as fluororubber O-rings with specific hardness), combined with the spring preload ring of the rotor assembly, further improve the fit of the sealing pair and effectively prevent leakage under rotation and pressure differential. Through the equiangular distribution of the branch gas chamber channels and the optimized design of the channel opening space volume, a small-volume structure is achieved, while reducing the risk of cross-contamination between channels. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a front view of a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 Side view of a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 1. Housing; 2. Stationary gas guide block; 3. Central gas chamber channel; 4. Branch gas chamber channel; 5. Rotor assembly; 6. Annular groove; 7. Through hole; 8. O-ring; 9. Guide pin. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "transverse," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0028] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front view of a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Side view of a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figure 1-3 In one possible implementation, a multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer includes a housing 1 and a stationary gas guide block 2 fixed within the housing 1. The stationary gas guide block 2 forms a central gas chamber channel 3 and three concentrically distributed branch gas chamber channels 4, each branch gas chamber channel 4 opening radially inward into the central gas chamber channel 3. A rotor assembly 5 is disposed within the housing 1 and rotates coaxially around the central gas chamber channel 3. The rotor assembly 5 body forms an annular groove 6 penetrating the rotor body, which communicates with three through holes 7 on the rotor assembly 5 body. An annular seal is disposed between the periphery of the opening of the branch chamber channel 4 of the stationary gas guide block 2 and the contact surface of the rotor assembly 5. The annular groove 6 is aligned with the opening of the corresponding branch chamber channel 4 at any of the through holes 7, and the other through holes 7 are misaligned with the other branch chamber channels 4 to connect the branch chamber channels 4 with the central gas chamber channel 3. The volume of the space formed between the annular groove 6 and the opening of the branch chamber channel 4 is not greater than 0.1 ml. Furthermore, under a pressure difference of 0.1 MPa, the gas leakage rate between any adjacent gas chamber channels is not greater than 5 ml / min.

[0031] This structure forms a central air chamber channel 3 and three branch air chamber channels 4 through a stationary gas guide block 2, which is fixed inside the housing 1. The rotor assembly 5 rotates around the central air chamber channel 3. The rotor assembly 5 body has an annular groove 6 that communicates with three through holes 7. During rotation, the annular groove 6 sequentially engages with the openings of each branch air chamber channel 4, thereby achieving switching between the multiple channels and the central channel. An annular seal is installed between the periphery of the branch air chamber channel 4 opening and the contact surface of the rotor assembly 5 to ensure sealing between the channels during rotation. By rotating the rotor assembly 5, different branch air chamber channels 4 establish fluid communication with the central air chamber channel 3, avoiding a complex valve switching system and improving the gas path switching speed and reliability. In this embodiment, the annular groove 6 has a width of 1.5 mm, a depth of 0.5 mm, an annular length of approximately 25 mm, and a diameter of 2 mm for the through holes 7. Based on these dimensions, the space volume between the groove and the branch air chamber opening is approximately 0.059 ml. The calculation method is as follows: Assuming the cross-sectional area of ​​the groove is 1.5 mm × 0.5 mm = 0.75 square millimeters, and the length is 25 mm, then the volume is 0.75 square millimeters × 25 mm = 18.75 cubic millimeters, or 0.01875 ml. Considering manufacturing tolerances and the volume of the seal after compression, the overall volume is much less than 0.1 ml.

[0032] To verify the leakage rate, a standard airtightness tester (model ULVAC HE-300) was used for testing under conditions of 0.1 MPa air pressure and 25°C ambient temperature. The measured maximum leakage rate was 4.2 ml / min, which meets the requirements of the claims under the new sealing conditions. The annular seal is preferably a fluororubber O-ring 8, a material with excellent high-temperature resistance (up to 200°C), corrosion resistance, and good compression set. The seal hardness is preferably HA 60–70 to provide suitable compression rebound force while maintaining a good sealing effect. The rotor assembly 5 is preferably made of a high-temperature resistant ceramic material, such as alumina ceramic, to improve wear resistance and high-temperature adaptability. The air chamber channels 4 are distributed at equal angles on concentric circles, with the centerlines of adjacent channels forming an angle of 120° to achieve flow balance and structural symmetry. To enhance the sealing effect, a spring preload ring is axially arranged on the outer periphery of the rotor assembly 5 body to apply a stable preload force to the annular seal, further improving the overall sealing performance.

[0033] The advantages of this structure include rapid and stable multi-channel switching, simplified control system structure, reduced complexity, excellent sealing performance, low leakage rate, and improved accuracy of flue gas analysis data. Its compact structure saves equipment space and improves system integration. The rotary switching design reduces mechanical wear, lowers maintenance frequency, and extends system lifespan. Furthermore, the number of branch chamber channels 4 can be adjusted from 2 to 6 according to actual needs, and the dimensions of the annular groove 6 and through-hole 7 can be optimized according to specific gas flow or pressure. The housing 1 is preferably made of 316L stainless steel, which combines excellent corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. The rotor assembly 5 can be driven by a manual knob or an automatic motor to meet the needs of different application scenarios. For ease of maintenance and repair, the housing 1 is designed as an upper and lower housing 1, detachably connected by fasteners. A guide pin 9 is provided between the upper and lower housing 1 to accurately position the rotor assembly 5 and effectively limit its axial displacement, ensuring operational stability.

[0034] Please see Figure 2In one possible implementation, the annular seal is preferably a fluororubber O-ring 8. This O-ring 8 is positioned between the periphery of the opening of the branch chamber channel 4 of the stationary gas guide block 2 and the contact surface of the rotor assembly 5, maintaining a sealed state between the gas chamber channels during the rotation of the rotor assembly 5. During installation, the O-ring 8 forms a stable sealing interface between the contact surfaces through axial compression, ensuring that gases from different gas paths do not cross-contaminate during multiple rotational switching operations. Fluororubber, as a sealing material, possesses excellent high-temperature resistance, capable of long-term operation within a temperature range of -20℃ to 200℃, and can withstand temperatures up to 250℃ under instantaneous conditions. Furthermore, this material exhibits good corrosion resistance, resisting the erosion of common acidic, alkaline, and sulfur-containing components in flue gas, making it particularly suitable for the complex corrosive environment required by flue gas analyzers.

[0035] Fluororubber O-rings 8 exhibit superior compression set performance, maintaining excellent elasticity and sealing effect under prolonged compression and frequent rotational switching conditions, preventing leaks caused by seal fatigue, aging, or wear. Through rational design of the O-ring 8's dimensions and compression amount, it ensures a continuous and appropriate sealing force during equipment operation and possesses good resilience to absorb minor deformations caused by temperature fluctuations, pressure changes, or mechanical movement. Furthermore, the circular cross-section geometry of the O-ring 8 allows for strong tolerance adaptation in manufacturing and assembly, reducing the risk of seal failure due to dimensional errors. Simultaneously, the O-ring 8's simple structure and convenient installation help reduce overall manufacturing and maintenance costs, improving equipment reliability and service life.

[0036] To verify the sealing performance of the fluororubber O-ring 8 in this structure, experimental tests were conducted on a prototype using this sealing structure in this embodiment. The tests were conducted at an ambient temperature of 25°C and an operating pressure of 0.1 MPa, using an airtightness tester (ULVAC HE-300) conforming to ISO 27892 standards to detect the leakage rate. During the test, the rotor assembly 5 underwent 500 rotational switching cycles. The results showed that the maximum leakage rate between adjacent air chamber channels remained below 4.2 ml / min, significantly lower than the 5 ml / min standard. Furthermore, the leakage rate change before and after the cycles did not exceed 5%, indicating that the sealing structure has excellent durability and long-term stability.

[0037] Through the above implementation methods, the fluororubber O-rings 8 exhibit excellent sealing performance in the multi-channel gas chamber switching structure, effectively preventing gas leakage between different gas chamber channels, ensuring the accuracy of flue gas analysis data, and meeting the stringent requirements of industrial sites for long-term operation, low maintenance, and high reliability. This sealing solution not only improves the performance of the device but also simplifies the structure, reduces system complexity and manufacturing costs, and has promising prospects for engineering applications.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the hardness of the fluororubber O-ring 8 is preferably HA 60–70. In this embodiment, the selection of the hardness of the O-ring 8 is based on a comprehensive consideration of sealing performance, durability, and equipment operating conditions. The hardness value directly affects the compressive elasticity and resilience of the O-ring 8. When the hardness is lower than HA 60, although a larger contact area can be obtained on the sealing surface, excessively low hardness will cause the O-ring 8 to deform excessively when subjected to a pressure difference of 0.1 MPa and rotational shear force, reducing sealing reliability and increasing the risk of leakage due to fatigue damage. Conversely, O-rings with a hardness exceeding HA 70, although able to withstand higher loads, have reduced elasticity and resilience, making it difficult to adapt to the small displacements and temperature fluctuations that occur during the rotation of the rotor assembly 5, which may lead to local failure of the sealing surface.

[0039] O-rings 8 with a hardness range of HA 60–70 are selected to provide sufficient sealing force during compression deformation, while also possessing good elastic recovery capability to cope with mechanical disturbances and pressure fluctuations generated during rotation switching. Furthermore, O-rings 8 in this hardness range exhibit excellent compression set performance under long-term compression and frequent rotation conditions, which can delay the aging process and reduce the maintenance frequency caused by seal failure. During assembly, the HA 60–70 O-rings 8 can form an effective sealing interface under reasonable compression without causing excessive wear on the contact surfaces of the rotor assembly 5 and the stationary gas guide block 2, thus extending the service life of the entire device.

[0040] In practical applications, fluororubber O-rings with a hardness of HA 65 (8) were used, and experimental verification was conducted after equipment assembly. Test conditions included an ambient temperature of 25℃, a working pressure of 0.1 MPa, and 500 rotational switching cycles. Test results showed that the maximum leakage rate between adjacent air chamber channels was consistently controlled below 4.2 ml / min, and no significant compression set or surface damage was observed in the O-rings after the test. These data fully demonstrate that the selected O-ring hardness not only meets the sealing performance requirements but also possesses good durability and long-term stability.

[0041] Through this implementation method, the fluororubber O-ring 8 with a reasonable hardness selection can provide a reliable seal while taking into account the smooth operation and service life of the equipment, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the multi-channel gas chamber switching structure under complex working conditions, while reducing maintenance costs and improving the overall performance of the system.

[0042] In one possible implementation, the rotor assembly 5 is preferably made of a high-temperature resistant ceramic material. As the core component for rotation switching in this device, the material properties of the rotor assembly 5 directly affect the system's operational reliability and long-term stability. High-temperature resistant ceramic materials possess a range of excellent physical and chemical properties, including high hardness, high wear resistance, high-temperature stability, and excellent corrosion resistance. During long-term rotation switching, the rotor assembly 5 frequently comes into contact with the stationary gas guide block 2 and the mating surfaces of the annular seal, enduring mechanical friction, rotational torque, and temperature fluctuations. If conventional metals or engineering plastics are used, seal failure or structural damage may occur due to wear, thermal expansion, or corrosion.

[0043] In this embodiment, alumina ceramic (Al2O3) is preferably used as the main material of rotor assembly 5. Alumina ceramic has a Mohs hardness of up to 9, far exceeding that of most metallic materials, and also possesses excellent anti-friction properties, significantly reducing wear during rotation and thus extending the service life of the seals and rotor assembly 5. Furthermore, alumina ceramic has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, effectively suppressing dimensional changes caused by temperature variations, ensuring a stable gap between rotor assembly 5 and the seals during rotation, and preventing seal failure due to thermal expansion. This material also exhibits excellent corrosion resistance, resisting the erosion of acidic, alkaline, and sulfur-containing gases in flue gas, ensuring long-term reliable operation of rotor assembly 5 under complex flue gas composition conditions.

[0044] To verify the performance of the ceramic rotor assembly 5, this embodiment conducted 500 rotational switching cycles on a prototype made of alumina ceramic. The test environment was 25°C and the operating pressure was 0.1 MPa. The leakage rate of adjacent gas chamber channels and the surface wear of the rotor assembly 5 were monitored. The test results showed that the leakage rate was consistently controlled below 4.2 ml / min, and no significant wear or cracks appeared on the surface of the rotor assembly 5, maintaining good sealing performance and mechanical stability. These data fully demonstrate that the application of high-temperature resistant ceramic materials can meet the stringent requirements of this multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for wear resistance, temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance, while simultaneously improving the overall reliability and service life of the device.

[0045] Through the above implementation methods, the use of high-temperature resistant ceramic materials in rotor assembly 5 not only significantly improves the mechanical properties and environmental resistance of the structure, but also reduces the maintenance frequency and replacement costs during long-term operation, further enhancing the overall performance and market competitiveness of the flue gas analyzer.

[0046] Please see Figure 3In one possible implementation, a spring preload ring is provided on the outer periphery of the rotor assembly 5 body to apply a preload force to the annular seal along the axial direction. In this embodiment, the spring preload ring is arranged around the outer periphery of the rotor assembly 5, which can provide a continuous axial thrust between the contact surface of the rotor assembly 5 and the stationary gas guide block 2, so that the seal remains in a stable compressed state. This design is mainly used to compensate for the attenuation of sealing performance caused by permanent compression deformation of the sealing material, temperature changes, and long-term operation, ensuring that the sealing effect between the gas chamber channels remains reliable throughout the entire service life of the equipment.

[0047] The spring preload ring is preferably made of spring steel or corrosion-resistant stainless steel to ensure good elastic recovery performance under long-term alternating loads, while also possessing excellent corrosion resistance to adapt to corrosive media that the flue gas analyzer may come into contact with during operation. When the rotor assembly 5 rotates or the compression of the seal changes slightly due to temperature fluctuations, the preload ring can automatically adjust the clamping force applied to the seal, thereby maintaining effective contact at the sealing interface and preventing gas leakage caused by gap changes.

[0048] To verify the sealing performance improvement effect of the preload ring, the prototype of this embodiment underwent experimental testing under specified conditions after the spring preload ring was assembled. Under ambient temperature of 25℃ and working pressure of 0.1 MPa, the leakage rate between adjacent air chamber channels was tested after 500 rotational switching cycles. The results showed that the leakage rate was consistently controlled within 4.2 ml / min, and no obvious wear or permanent compression deformation was observed on the surface of the seal, indicating that the spring preload ring effectively maintained the sealing effect under dynamic working conditions. Furthermore, by measuring the compression force under different operating conditions, it was proven that the force range of the preload ring matched the hardness of the annular seal (HA 60–70), ensuring sufficient sealing force while avoiding damage to the seal or excessive rotational resistance of the rotor assembly 5 due to excessive compression.

[0049] Through the above implementation methods, the setting of the spring preload ring effectively improves the adaptability of the sealing assembly to mechanical wear, temperature changes and pressure fluctuations. It not only extends the service life of the seal and rotor assembly 5, but also simplifies the adjustment and maintenance of the equipment during use, and further improves the overall performance and reliability of the multi-channel air chamber switching structure.

[0050] Please see Figure 1 In one possible implementation, the branch chamber channels 4 are distributed at equal angles on concentric circles, with the center lines of adjacent channels forming an angle of 120°. In this embodiment, the three branch chamber channels 4 on the stationary gas guide block 2 are evenly arranged around the central gas chamber channel 3, with the center lines of each branch chamber channel 4 spaced 120° apart on concentric circles. This arrangement is chosen based on a comprehensive consideration of gas path balance, structural compactness, and ease of manufacturing and installation.

[0051] The equiangular distribution ensures that the path lengths from each branch chamber channel 4 to the central chamber channel 3 are equal, helping to maintain consistent flow resistance and reduce pressure deviations or flow velocity unevenness caused by differences in gas path length. This, in turn, improves the consistency of response and detection accuracy of each channel during flue gas analysis. Furthermore, this arrangement optimizes the mechanical balance of the rotor assembly 5 during rotation. During rotation, the uniform load distribution across the three channels reduces eccentric forces and vibrations, minimizes mechanical wear, extends assembly lifespan, and improves the stability and smoothness of rotational switching operations.

[0052] From a manufacturing perspective, the 120° equiangular layout simplifies the machining process of the stationary gas guide block 2 and the rotor assembly 5, reduces the complexity requirements of machining equipment and processes, and improves the consistency and interchangeability of parts. During assembly, the equiangularly arranged channels are easy to position and align, which helps to shorten assembly time and improve assembly accuracy, further reducing manufacturing and maintenance costs.

[0053] To verify the impact of this layout on performance, a prototype with an equal 120° angle arrangement was fabricated in this embodiment, and multiple rounds of rotation switching tests were conducted. Test results show that, with this arrangement, the rotor assembly 5 rotates smoothly, the leakage rate of the gas chamber channel remains consistently below 4.2 ml / min, the response time of each gas path is consistent, and the sealing effect is good. These experimental data further demonstrate the positive effect of the equal-angle layout on improving equipment performance and reliability.

[0054] Through the above implementation methods, the equiangular distribution of the air chamber channels 4 not only improves the hydrodynamic performance and structural symmetry of the device, but also optimizes the manufacturing and assembly process, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the multi-channel air chamber switching structure under complex working conditions.

[0055] Please see Figure 3 In one possible implementation, the annular groove 6 and each through hole 7 form a continuous through hole 7 at the position of the through hole 7. In this embodiment, the annular groove 6 of the rotor assembly 5 body extends in the circumferential direction, and continuous through holes 7 are formed at the corresponding positions of the groove and each through hole 7. This structural design makes it possible to form a stable and connected fluid channel between the annular groove 6 and each through hole 7, thereby ensuring that when any through hole 7 is connected to the opening of the branch chamber channel 4, the branch chamber channel 4 can be smoothly connected to the central chamber channel 3 through the through hole 7.

[0056] The design of the continuous through-hole 7 effectively reduces the flow resistance and pressure loss that may occur during rotational switching, and avoids uneven gas flow or pressure fluctuations caused by gap changes or rotational errors. Furthermore, by forming a continuous through-hole 7 at the location of the through-hole 7, the hysteresis response during channel switching can be significantly reduced, improving the switching sensitivity and the overall response speed of the equipment. This is of great significance for flue gas analyzers to quickly and accurately switch between different gas sample paths and shorten analysis time.

[0057] In terms of manufacturing, the structure of the annular groove 6 and the continuous through hole 7 simplifies the processing technology. Especially when the rotor assembly 5 is manufactured using ceramic materials (such as alumina ceramic), high-precision processing of the groove and through hole 7 can be achieved through advanced CNC machining technology, ensuring the consistency of the structure and the fitting accuracy of the seal, while improving the mechanical strength and durability of the rotor assembly 5.

[0058] To verify the performance of this structural design, a prototype including the continuous through-hole 7 was fabricated in this embodiment, and multiple rotational switching and airtightness tests were conducted. Under an ambient temperature of 25°C and a pressure of 0.1 MPa, after 500 rotational cycles, the leakage rate of adjacent air chamber channels was stably controlled within 4.2 ml / min, and no significant flow rate fluctuations or response lag were observed during the switching process. The experimental results further confirm that the design of the annular groove 6 and the continuous through-hole 7 not only achieves good fluid connectivity and sealing performance but also improves the switching speed and operational stability of the equipment.

[0059] Through the above implementation method, the combined design of the annular groove 6 and the continuous through hole 7 effectively optimizes the connectivity of the fluid channel, improves the dynamic response capability of the device, and further enhances the overall performance and engineering feasibility of the multi-channel gas chamber switching structure.

[0060] In one possible implementation, the housing 1 is preferably made of 316L stainless steel. In this embodiment, the housing 1, as the load-bearing and protective component of the entire switching structure, not only needs to possess sufficient mechanical strength to support the stable operation of the internal components, but also needs to resist the corrosive effects of flue gas components on the material, ensuring structural reliability and sealing performance during long-term use. 316L stainless steel, due to its low carbon content and high chromium and nickel content, possesses excellent corrosion resistance, especially in environments containing chloride ions, sulfides, and acidic gases, making it highly suitable for the complex working environments faced by industrial flue gas analyzers.

[0061] Furthermore, 316L stainless steel possesses excellent machinability, enabling high-precision assembly of the housing 1 and the stationary gas guide block 2. This ensures that the assembly tolerances between the branch gas chamber channel 4, the central gas chamber channel 3, and the rotor assembly 5 meet both sealing performance and rotational flexibility requirements. Its superior high-temperature resistance guarantees that the housing 1 structure will not undergo significant deformation or performance degradation under prolonged operation and multiple temperature cycle conditions, thus avoiding changes in the sealing gap or malfunctions in the rotating assembly due to variations in the dimensions of the housing 1.

[0062] In this embodiment, the housing 1, made of 316L stainless steel, undergoes precision machining and surface treatment to ensure good smoothness and dimensional accuracy of mating surfaces with other components. Under ambient temperature of 25°C and working pressure of 0.1 MPa, the prototype equipped with this housing 1 underwent 500 rotational switching cycles. During the test, the leakage rate of adjacent air chamber channels was consistently controlled below 4.2 ml / min, and no signs of corrosion, cracks, or fatigue were found on the surface of housing 1 or at connecting parts, verifying the suitability and durability of the material selection.

[0063] Through the above implementation methods, the shell 1 made of 316L stainless steel not only meets the comprehensive performance requirements of mechanical strength, corrosion resistance and thermal stability, but also optimizes the manufacturing and assembly process, and improves the overall performance and reliability of the multi-channel air chamber switching structure in industrial applications.

[0064] Please see Figure 3 In one possible implementation, the housing 1 comprises an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 1, which are detachably connected by fasteners. In this embodiment, the housing 1 is designed as a separate structure of upper and lower housings to facilitate the installation, adjustment, and subsequent maintenance of internal components, while improving assembly flexibility and manufacturing feasibility. The upper housing 1 and lower housing 1 are connected by high-strength, corrosion-resistant bolts or other fasteners. The selection and layout of the fasteners fully consider the uniform distribution of sealing pressure, ensuring that the mating surfaces of the housing 1 maintain a good sealing state under working pressure and rotational load.

[0065] The split-structure design makes the assembly and replacement of the stationary gas guide block 2, rotor assembly 5, and seals more convenient, reducing maintenance complexity and time costs. When it is necessary to inspect or replace internal seals or check the gas path, the housing 1 can be separated and the relevant parts removed simply by loosening the fasteners, without disassembling or moving the entire device, which is particularly suitable for the rapid maintenance needs in industrial sites. In addition, the detachable connection between the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 1 improves the manufacturability of the components and the ability to adjust assembly errors, allowing for flexible adjustment of component dimensions or replacement of internal components of different specifications according to specific working conditions.

[0066] To verify the sealing performance and maintainability of the housing 1 structure, a prototype equipped with upper and lower housings 1 and fastening connections was fabricated in this embodiment, and a test of 500 rotational switching cycles was conducted. Under the conditions of 0.1 MPa working pressure and ambient temperature of 25°C, the leakage rate of adjacent air chamber channels remained below 4.2 ml / min during the test. At the same time, no loosening, cracking, or corrosion was found at the fastening connections, and no damage to the seals or misalignment of housing 1 was found during disassembly and assembly.

[0067] Through the above implementation method, the structure with detachable connection between the upper and lower shells 1 effectively improves the assembly flexibility, maintenance convenience and long-term sealing stability of the multi-channel air chamber switching structure, and meets the comprehensive requirements of high reliability and low maintenance cost under complex working conditions.

[0068] Please see Figure 3 In one possible implementation, a guide pin 9 is provided between the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 1 to position the rotor assembly 5 and limit its axial displacement. In this embodiment, the guide pin 9 is located in the joint area between the upper housing 1 and the lower housing 1. Its main function is to achieve precise positioning of the rotor assembly 5 during assembly and to prevent undesirable axial movement of the rotor assembly 5 during equipment operation, thereby ensuring the stability of the rotation switching operation and the continuity of the sealing effect.

[0069] The guide pin 9 is typically made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-strength metal materials, such as quenched stainless steel or nickel alloy, to ensure dimensional and structural stability under long-term stress and corrosive gas environments. During assembly, the fit tolerances between the guide pin 9 and the rotor assembly 5 and housing 1 are strictly controlled to ensure repeatability and stability of positioning, and to prevent displacement of the sealing surface or change of the gap between the rotor assembly 5 and the stationary gas guide block 2 due to manufacturing or assembly errors.

[0070] During equipment operation, the rotor assembly 5 rotates around the central air chamber channel 3, and may be subjected to thrust in the axial direction caused by rotational inertia, air pressure changes, or mechanical vibration. The guide pin 9 effectively suppresses this axial displacement through physical limiting, maintaining the optimal contact state between the rotor assembly 5 and the annular seal, thereby avoiding leakage problems or rotational instability caused by changes in the sealing gap. In addition, this design simplifies the assembly process, enabling the rotor assembly 5 to be positioned quickly and accurately, reducing the time and error of manual adjustment, and improving production efficiency and product consistency.

[0071] In the prototype test of this embodiment, after 500 rotational switching cycles, the rotor assembly 5 remained stable, with no axial displacement or abnormal operation observed. The sealing effect was good, and the leakage rate was consistently controlled below 4.2 ml / min. During disassembly and inspection, no wear or corrosion was found between the guide pin 9 and the mating parts, verifying the durability and reliability of the design.

[0072] Through the above implementation methods, the setting of guide pin 9 not only improves the positioning accuracy and operational stability of rotor assembly 5, but also effectively extends the service life of sealing assembly and rotating parts. At the same time, it optimizes the assembly process and maintenance convenience, further enhancing the overall performance of the multi-channel air chamber switching structure under complex working conditions.

[0073] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-channel gas chamber switching structure for a flue gas analyzer, characterized in that, include: case; A stationary gas-conducting block is fixed inside the housing, forming a central gas chamber channel and three concentrically distributed branch gas chamber channels, each of the branch gas chamber channels opening radially inward into the central gas chamber channel; The rotor assembly is disposed inside the housing and rotates coaxially around the central air chamber channel. The rotor assembly body forms an annular groove that runs through the rotor assembly. The annular groove communicates with three through holes on the rotor assembly body. An annular seal is provided between the periphery of the opening of the air chamber channel of the stationary gas guide block and the contact surface of the rotor assembly; Wherein, the annular groove is aligned with the opening of the corresponding bronchial channel at any of the through holes, and the other through holes are misaligned with the other bronchial channels to connect the bronchial channels with the central air chamber channel; the volume of the space formed between the annular groove and the opening of the bronchial channel is not greater than 0.1 ml; and, under a pressure difference of 0.1 MPa, the gas leakage rate between any adjacent air chamber channels is not greater than 5 ml / min.

2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular seal is a fluororubber O-ring.

3. The structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The O-ring has a hardness of HA 60–70.

4. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotor assembly body is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic material.

5. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotor assembly body is provided with a spring preload ring on its outer periphery that applies a preload force to the annular seal along the axial direction.

6. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air chamber channels are distributed at equal angles on concentric circles, with the center lines of adjacent channels forming an angle of 120°.

7. The structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The annular groove and each through hole form a continuous through hole at the through hole position.

8. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing is made of 316L stainless steel.

9. The structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The housing consists of an upper housing and a lower housing, which are detachably connected by fasteners.

10. The structure according to claim 9, characterized in that, A guide pin is provided between the upper housing and the lower housing to position the rotor assembly and limit its axial displacement.

Images