Dual-polarized radiation unit and base station antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dual-polarized radiation unit and a base station antenna. On one hand, the dual-polarized radiation unit comprises a radiation unit feed network; the radiation unit feed network is provided with a microstrip line feed component with preset double-sided installation so as to reduce the weight and the cost; the top of the radiation unit feed network is provided with a radiation unit assembly covering F / A / D frequency bands to meet different bandwidth communication requirements, and the top of the radiation unit assembly is provided with a radiation unit guide sheet used for improving the radiation gain and directivity of the radiation unit assembly through a radiation unit guide sheet supporting seat. On the other hand, the utility model also provides a base station antenna adopting the dual-polarized radiation unit. The antenna has the advantages of light weight, low cost and capability of covering F / A / D frequency bands to meet bandwidth requirements of TDD and hybrid antennas thereof, and reflection loss is effectively reduced to realize high-efficiency and high-gain radiation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a dual-polarized radiating unit and a base station antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of communications, the radiating element is a crucial module of a base station antenna. Its performance directly determines the overall antenna's radiation performance, including gain, beamwidth convergence, front-to-back ratio, and cross-polarization ratio. Currently, to meet increasingly diverse demands, TDD smart antennas and TDD+FDD hybrid antennas primarily employ broadband radiating elements, covering a frequency range from 1710MHz to 2690MHz. This design allows the equipment to adapt to a wider frequency band. However, this broadband design also brings several challenges:

[0003] First, from the perspective of electrical performance, the excessively wide frequency range causes the electrical length of the radiating arm of the broadband radiating element to exceed the proportion of the actual application bandwidth. This not only increases ohmic loss but also introduces relatively large reflection loss, thereby reducing radiation gain and radiation efficiency.

[0004] Secondly, from a structural perspective, in order to cover a wider bandwidth, the height and length of the entire radiating arm and balun must be increased, which leads to a significant increase in the weight of a single radiating element, thereby increasing the overall cost and weight of the antenna. In particular, TDD smart antennas are often deployed in a dense array, with four times the number of radiating elements as the same FDD antenna, which makes the cost and weight issues of a single antenna system even more prominent.

[0005] How to solve the above problems has become an urgent technical challenge. Utility Model Content

[0006] One objective of this invention is to provide a lightweight and low-cost dual-polarized radiating element that can cover the F / A / D frequency bands to meet the bandwidth requirements of TDD and its hybrid antennas, and effectively reduce reflection loss to achieve high-efficiency and high-gain radiation.

[0007] Another objective of this invention is to provide a base station antenna employing the aforementioned dual-polarized radiating element.

[0008] On the one hand, in order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A dual-polarized radiating unit includes a radiating unit feed network; the radiating unit feed network has microstrip line feed components mounted on both sides to reduce weight and cost; a radiating unit assembly covering F / A / D frequency bands is provided on top of the radiating unit feed network to meet different bandwidth communication requirements; a radiating unit guide plate for improving the radiation gain and directivity of the radiating unit assembly is provided on top of the radiating unit assembly via a radiating unit guide plate support.

[0010] Preferably, the radiation unit feed network consists of a reflector and microstrip line feed networks disposed on both sides of the reflector, wherein the radiation unit assembly is disposed on the top of the reflector.

[0011] Preferably, the radiating unit assembly includes a radiating unit body disposed on the top of the reflector, a feed core bracket is longitudinally embedded in the radiating unit body, and two feed cores are disposed on the feed core bracket to realize the wideband communication requirements that can cover the F / A / D frequency bands. The radiating unit guide plate support is disposed on the top of the radiating unit body.

[0012] Preferably, the radiating unit guide plate support is securely connected to the radiating unit guide plate and the radiating unit body by pre-installed plastic buckles at its top and bottom, respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the microstrip line feed network is fixed to both sides of the reflector by external plastic rivets.

[0014] Preferably, the radiating unit body is connected to the reflector plate by external screws through pre-drilled screw holes at the bottom of the radiating unit body to achieve stable definition and grounding function.

[0015] On the other hand, a base station antenna employs the aforementioned dual-polarized radiating element.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] In this invention, a dual-polarized radiating unit is formed by interconnecting and cooperating a radiating unit feed network, a radiating unit assembly, a radiating unit guide plate support, and a radiating unit guide plate. In the radiating unit feed network, the reflective components employ a structure design that allows for the double-sided mounting of predetermined microstrip line feed components. This effectively reduces the number of reflective components, thereby reducing weight and manufacturing costs. Furthermore, by setting the corresponding feed components of the radiating unit assembly to form a predetermined angle between them, for example, 90°, two orthogonal polarization directions are created, i.e., dual-polarization directions. This improves signal transmission quality and reduces reflection loss, enabling the radiating components of the radiating unit assembly to generate polarized waves in the two orthogonal directions. This achieves wideband communication requirements covering multiple frequency bands, effectively increasing radiation gain. Thus, it covers the F / A / D frequency bands to meet the different bandwidth communication requirements of TDD and hybrid antennas, realizing the high-efficiency, high-gain radiation performance of the dual-polarized radiating unit. Meanwhile, under the constraint of the radiating unit guide plate support, the radiation directivity of the radiating unit assembly can be improved by the radiating unit guide plate. In addition, the radiating unit feed network adopts a double-sided microstrip line feed design, which can be applied to both front and back feed methods, and can provide convenience for the layout of external base station antennas to reduce weight and cost. Therefore, this utility model has the advantages of light weight and low cost, and can cover the F / A / D frequency band to meet the bandwidth requirements of TDD and its hybrid antennas, and effectively reduce reflection loss to achieve high-efficiency and high-gain radiation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a dual-polarized radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a radiation unit assembly of a dual-polarized radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a top view of the radiating unit body of a dual-polarized radiating unit according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a Smith chart of a dual-polarized radiating unit as described in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a standing wave curve diagram of a dual-polarized radiation unit described in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is an isolation curve diagram of a dual-polarized radiation unit according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is the radiation pattern of the E-+45° surface of a dual-polarized radiation unit as described in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 9 This is the radiation pattern of the E-45° surface of a dual-polarized radiation unit as described in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 10 This is the radiation pattern of the H-+45° surface of a dual-polarized radiation unit as described in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 11 This is the radiation pattern of the H-45° surface of a dual-polarized radiation unit as described in this utility model.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Radiation unit feed network; 11. Reflector; 12. Microstrip line feed network; 2. Radiation unit assembly; 21. Radiation unit body; 22. Feed core bracket; 23. Feed core; 3. Radiation unit guide plate support; 4. Radiation unit guide plate. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] See Figures 1 to 11As shown, a dual-polarized radiating unit includes a radiating unit feed network 1; the radiating unit feed network 1 has microstrip line feed components mounted on both sides to reduce weight and cost; a radiating unit assembly 2 covering F / A / D frequency bands is provided on the top of the radiating unit feed network 1 to meet different bandwidth communication requirements; a radiating unit guide plate 4 for improving the radiation gain and directivity of the radiating unit assembly 2 is provided on the top of the radiating unit assembly 2 via a radiating unit guide plate support 3. In use, a dual-polarized radiating unit is formed by interconnecting the radiating unit feed network 1, radiating unit assembly 2, radiating unit guide plate support 3, and radiating unit guide plate 4. In the radiating unit feed network 1, the reflective components employ a structure design that allows for the double-sided mounting of predetermined microstrip line feed components, effectively reducing the number of reflective components and thus reducing weight and manufacturing costs. Furthermore, by setting the feed components of the radiating unit assembly 2 at a predetermined angle (e.g., 90°), two orthogonal polarization directions are formed, i.e., dual polarization directions, to improve signal transmission quality and reduce reflection loss. This allows the radiating components of the radiating unit assembly 2 to generate polarized waves in the two orthogonal directions, achieving a broadband coverage across multiple frequency bands. To meet the diverse communication requirements of TDD and hybrid antennas, the radiation gain is effectively improved, thus covering the F / A / D bands to satisfy different bandwidth communication needs. This achieves high-efficiency and high-gain radiation performance of the dual-polarized radiation unit. Simultaneously, under the constraint of the radiation unit guide plate support 3, the radiation unit guide plate 4 guides the radiation components of the radiation unit assembly to improve its radiation directivity. Furthermore, the radiation unit feed network 1 adopts a double-sided microstrip line feed design, suitable for both front and back feeding methods. This facilitates the layout of external base station antennas, reducing weight and cost. Consequently, the gain of the base station antenna composed of the radiation unit assembly is significantly improved in a specific direction, helping to reduce energy loss and improve signal transmission distance and quality to achieve high-efficiency and high-gain radiation.

[0033] In this embodiment, the radiating element feed network 1 consists of a reflector 11 and microstrip line feed networks 12 disposed on both sides of the reflector 11. The radiating element assembly 2 is disposed on the top of the reflector 11. The microstrip line feed network 12 is fixed to both sides of the reflector 11 by external plastic rivets. In use, the reflector 11 of the radiating element feed network 1 adopts a structural design that allows for the double-sided mounting of the microstrip line feed network 12. Structurally, this effectively reduces the number of reflectors 11 installed, thereby reducing weight and manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the radiating element feed network 1, composed of the reflector 11 and the microstrip line feed networks 12 mounted on both sides of the reflector 11, can effectively reflect and focus electromagnetic waves, significantly improving the gain of the base station antenna composed of the radiating element assembly 2 in a specific direction. This helps reduce energy loss and improve signal transmission distance and quality to achieve high-efficiency, high-gain radiation.

[0034] In this embodiment, experiments show that when the dual-polarized radiation unit 1 uses a single reflector 11 to mount the microstrip line feed network 12, the weight of the entire dual-polarized radiation unit is only 24.98 grams, which is 21.9% lighter than the weight of the traditional wideband die-cast radiation unit of 32.00 grams. The weight of the whole machine is reduced by 0.449 kg. The number of radiation units in the whole machine is 16*4pcs.

[0035] In this embodiment, the radiating unit assembly 2 includes a radiating unit body 21 disposed on top of the reflector 11. A feed core bracket 22 is longitudinally embedded within the radiating unit body 21. Two feed cores 23 are orthogonally arranged on the feed core bracket 22 to achieve broadband communication requirements covering the F / A / D frequency bands. The radiating unit guide plate support 3 is disposed on top of the radiating unit body 21. The radiating unit guide plate support 3 is securely connected to the radiating unit guide plate 4 and the radiating unit body 21 by pre-installed plastic clips on its top and bottom, respectively. The radiating unit body 21 is connected to the reflector 11 by external screws through pre-installed screw holes on its bottom to achieve stable definition and grounding. During use, a phase difference is formed by mounting the two feed cores 23 of the radiating unit assembly 2 at predetermined positions on the feed core bracket 22 with a predetermined angle between them. For example, the two feed cores 23 are mounted at predetermined positions on the feed core bracket 22 with a 90° angle between them to form a phase difference. Under the support and limitation of the reflector 11, the feed core bracket 22 together with the feed cores 23 is installed in the radiating unit body 21 with polarization directions of different orientations, i.e., dual polarization directions. This allows the radiating unit body 21 to generate polarized waves in different directions to achieve broadband coverage of multiple frequency bands, thereby covering the predetermined F / A / D frequency bands to meet the different bandwidth communication requirements of TDD and its hybrid antennas, and realizing the multi-polarization performance of the dual polarization radiating unit.

[0036] In this embodiment, refer to Figures 5 to 11 As shown in the figure, experiments demonstrate that, based on the aforementioned dual-polarized radiating unit, and through external EDA software simulation, from... Figure 5 The convergence region shows that the reflection coefficient Γ < 0.1 and SWR < 1.16 of the radiating element within the frequency band. The power transfer of the entire dual-polarized radiating element reaches 99.0%, which is an improvement of 1.2% and 3.0% compared to the power transfer of traditional wideband die-cast radiating elements (97.8% (Γ < 0.15, SWR < 1.35) / 96.0% (Γ < 0.2, SWR < 1.5). With unchanged directivity in the F / A bands, the average gain of a single dual-polarized radiating element increases by 0.12 dBi / 0.15 dBi. With a directivity of 0.93 dB in the D band, the average gain increases by 0.87 dBi. Specific curves are shown below. Figures 6 to 11 As shown.

[0037] In this embodiment, a base station antenna is provided, wherein the base station antenna employs the aforementioned dual-polarized radiating element.

[0038] In specific use of this embodiment, firstly, a dual-polarized radiation unit is formed by interconnecting the radiation unit feed network 1, radiation unit assembly 2, radiation unit guide plate support 3, and radiation unit guide plate 4. In the radiation unit feed network 1, the reflective component adopts a structure design that allows for the double-sided mounting of predetermined microstrip line feed components, effectively reducing the number of reflective components to decrease weight and manufacturing costs. Secondly, by mounting the two feed cores 23 of the radiation unit assembly 2 at predetermined positions on the feed core bracket 22 at a 90° angle to each other to form a phase difference, and under the support and constraint of the reflector plate 11, the feed core bracket 22 together with the feed cores 23 is installed within the radiation unit body 21 in a polarization direction with ±45° orientation, i.e., a dual-polarization direction, thereby enabling the radiation unit body 21 to achieve ±45° polarization. A 45° polarized wave is generated to achieve broadband coverage of multiple frequency bands, thereby covering the predetermined F / A / D frequency bands to meet the different bandwidth communication requirements of TDD and its hybrid antennas, and realizing the high efficiency and high gain radiation performance of the dual-polarized radiating element. Then, under the constraint of the radiating element guide plate support 3, the radiating element body 21 of the radiating element assembly 2 is radiated by the radiating element guide plate 4 to improve the radiation directivity of the radiating element assembly 2 and effectively reduce the radiation reflection loss. Finally, the reflector 11 of the radiating element feed network 1 adopts a structure design of double-sided mounting microstrip line feed network 12, that is, the radiating element feed network 1 adopts a double-sided mounting microstrip line feed design, which can be used for both front and back feeding methods, and can provide convenience for the layout of external base station antennas to reduce weight and cost, effectively improving the convenience and safety of use.

[0039] In summary, the present invention adopts the above-described structure, which has the advantages of being lightweight and low-cost, covering the F / A / D frequency bands to meet the bandwidth requirements of TDD and its hybrid antennas, and effectively reducing reflection loss to achieve high-efficiency and high-gain radiation.

[0040] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-polarized radiating element, comprising a radiating element feed network (1); characterized in that: The radiation unit feed network (1) has a microstrip line feed component mounted on both sides to reduce weight and cost; a radiation unit assembly (2) covering the F / A / D frequency band is provided on the top of the radiation unit feed network (1) to meet the communication requirements of different bandwidths; a radiation unit guide plate (4) for improving the radiation gain and directivity of the radiation unit assembly (2) is provided on the top of the radiation unit assembly (2) through a radiation unit guide plate support (3).

2. The dual-polarized radiating unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation unit feed network (1) consists of a reflector (11) and microstrip line feed networks (12) disposed on both sides of the reflector (11), wherein the radiation unit assembly (2) is disposed on the top of the reflector (11).

3. A dual-polarized radiating unit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiation unit assembly (2) includes a radiation unit body (21) disposed on the top of the reflector (11), a feed core bracket (22) is longitudinally embedded in the radiation unit body (21), and two feed cores (23) are provided on the feed core bracket (22) to achieve wideband communication requirements covering the F / A / D frequency band. The radiation unit guide plate support (3) is disposed on the top of the radiation unit body (21).

4. A dual-polarized radiating unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The radiation unit guide plate support base (3) is securely connected to the radiation unit guide plate (4) and the radiation unit body (21) by pre-installed plastic buckles on its top and bottom.

5. A dual-polarized radiating unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The microstrip line feed network (12) is fixed to the front and back surfaces of the reflector (11) by external plastic rivets.

6. A dual-polarized radiating unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The radiation unit body (21) is connected to the reflector plate (11) by external screws through pre-drilled screw holes at the bottom of the radiation unit body (21) to achieve stable definition and grounding.

7. A base station antenna, characterized in that: The base station antenna employs the dual-polarized radiating element as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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