Methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor, which is integrally of a cylindrical structure and sequentially comprises a combustion chamber, a hydrogen production device, a hydrogen production device and a hydrogen production device from bottom to top, the reaction chamber is arranged above the combustion chamber and provided with a smoke exhaust channel communicated with the combustion chamber, the preheater is blocked at the tail end of the upper portion of the smoke exhaust channel and provided with a preheating channel, a bottom opening of the preheating channel is communicated with an upper end opening of the reforming chamber, and reaction raw materials enter the upper end of the preheating channel and are preheated through the preheating channel; reaction raw materials enter the reforming cavity, hydrogen-rich gas is generated in a high-temperature and catalyst environment, and the hydrogen-rich gas is discharged through a discharging channel communicated with the reforming cavity; a plurality of spoilers which are arranged at intervals and are provided with through holes in the vertical direction are arranged on the smoke exhaust channel from bottom to top. The device has the characteristics that the waste heat of the smoke is efficiently utilized, the energy is saved, the emission is reduced, and the hydrogen production efficiency is improved; the utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen production technology, and in particular to a methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous growth of energy demand and increasing emphasis on environmental protection, hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient energy carrier, has received widespread attention. Methanol reforming for hydrogen production has become one of the mainstream hydrogen production routes due to its advantages such as readily available raw materials and mild reaction conditions.

[0003] Existing methanol reforming reactors generally have a combustion chamber, an exhaust channel connected to the combustion chamber, and a reforming chamber surrounding the exhaust channel. In use, the combustion feedstock enters the combustion chamber for combustion, and the high-temperature flue gas is discharged through the exhaust channel. The reforming chamber absorbs heat to create a high-temperature environment for the reaction feedstock (methanol-water mixture).

[0004] Instead, the following core technical problems have been exposed in practical applications: the flue gas discharge channels mostly adopt straight pipe flow channels or simple cavities, resulting in excessively fast high-temperature flue gas flow rate and short residence time, and the waste heat of flue gas is not effectively utilized, leading to insufficient gasification of raw materials and low hydrogen production efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings and defects of existing technologies, a methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor is provided. By extending the residence time of high-temperature flue gas, the waste heat of the flue gas can be utilized efficiently, thereby saving energy, reducing emissions, and improving hydrogen production efficiency.

[0006] A methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor, the reactor having an overall cylindrical structure, comprising, from bottom to top:

[0007] The combustion chamber is equipped with a combustion cavity for the methanol fuel to enter and burn.

[0008] The reaction chamber is located above the combustion chamber and has an exhaust duct that communicates with the combustion chamber. A reforming chamber is arranged around the exhaust duct in the reaction chamber.

[0009] The preheater, sealed at the upper end of the flue gas duct, has a preheating channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom opening of the preheating channel is connected to the upper opening of the reforming chamber. The reaction raw material enters the upper end of the preheating channel and is preheated through the preheating channel. The reaction raw material enters the reforming chamber and generates hydrogen-rich gas in the high temperature and catalyst environment. The gas is then discharged through the discharge channel connected to the reforming chamber.

[0011] The smoke exhaust channel is equipped with several spaced baffles with through holes in the vertical direction from bottom to top.

[0012] With the above structure, the methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor of this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0013] Methanol fuel and reaction feedstock can use methanol feedstock with a uniform ratio.

[0014] During use, methanol fuel is fed into the combustion chamber, where it burns and releases heat.

[0015] The hot gas generated during combustion rises along the flue gas channel and is discharged from the flue gas outlet at the end of the flue gas channel. During this process, the heat carried by the flue gas can heat the reforming chamber, so that the temperature inside the reforming chamber rises to meet the needs of the reforming of the reaction raw materials.

[0016] It can also heat the preheater, enabling the preheating channel to preheat the reaction raw materials.

[0017] The preheated reactants enter the reforming chamber, which is filled with a catalyst. Under the high temperature and the action of the catalyst, the reactants are rapidly decomposed into hydrogen-rich gas and discharged from the outlet channel connected to the reforming chamber on the reaction chamber.

[0018] Compared with existing methanol reforming reactors, this application feeds the reaction raw materials from top to bottom, which can be gradually preheated to the required temperature. When entering the reforming chamber, the raw materials can be rapidly decomposed, improving the hydrogen production efficiency and effectively avoiding insufficient preheating of the raw materials, which leads to low hydrogen production efficiency and loss caused by soaking the catalyst material.

[0019] The high-temperature flue gas from the combustion chamber outlet is introduced into the exhaust channel in the middle of the annular reforming chamber. The through holes on the baffle plate slow down the flue gas flow rate, causing it to rise slowly and fully transfer heat to the reforming chamber, thereby creating a reliable high-temperature environment in the reforming chamber.

[0020] As an improvement of this utility model, the spoiler includes a first spoiler with a through hole in the center, and a second spoiler with a through hole in the region outside the center.

[0021] The first and second spoilers are alternately arranged in the smoke exhaust channel.

[0022] As an improvement of this utility model, the side wall of the smoke exhaust channel is provided with a locking block, and the locking block is provided with a transverse locking groove.

[0023] The spoiler has a notch that matches the locking block, and the thickness of the spoiler is adapted to the locking slot.

[0024] The spoiler enters the slot through the notch corresponding to the locking block, and then the spoiler is rotated to make the main body of the spoiler enter the slot to fix the spoiler.

[0025] As an improvement of this utility model, the combustion chamber is provided with a spiral pipe around the combustion cavity. The starting section of the spiral pipe is provided at the bottom of the combustion cavity, spirals upward to the top of the combustion cavity, and then enters the combustion cavity downward.

[0026] The combustion chamber is also equipped with an electric heating jacket surrounding the spiral pipe.

[0027] As an improvement of this utility model, the preheating channel is arranged to gradually extend outward radially from top to bottom to form a preheating channel with a conical cross-section.

[0028] As an improvement of this utility model, a conical cavity matching the preheating flow channel is formed on the inner side of the preheater. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal baffle and spiral pipe of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction chamber structure of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 5 This is the utility model Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0034] Figure 6 This is the utility model Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the central spoiler in an explosive state.

[0035] Figure 7 This is the utility model Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C.

[0036] Figure 8 This is the utility model Figure 6 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D.

[0037] The diagram shows: 1. Combustion chamber; 1.1 Combustion cavity; 2. Reaction chamber; 2.1 Exhaust duct; 2.11 Exhaust port; 2.2 Reforming chamber; 2.21 Upper opening of the reforming chamber; 2.22 Discharge duct; 3. Preheater; 3.1 Preheating duct; 3.11 Bottom opening of the preheating duct; 3.2 Conical cavity; 4. Injector nozzle; 5. Baffle; 5.1 First baffle; 5.2 Second baffle; 5.3 Notch; 6. Locking block; 6.1 Locking groove; 7. Spiral pipe; 8. Electric heating jacket. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] Please see Figure 1-8 As shown, a methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor has a cylindrical structure and comprises, from bottom to top:

[0040] Combustion chamber 1 is provided with combustion chamber 1.1, which is filled with methanol catalytic combustion catalyst, which can be granular or monolithic catalyst, preferably a precious metal Pt-based catalyst, for entering methanol fuel and burning it;

[0041] Reaction chamber 2, located above combustion chamber 1, has an exhaust channel 2.1 communicating with combustion chamber 1.1. A reforming chamber 2.2 is arranged around the exhaust channel 2.1 in reaction chamber 2. The reforming chamber 2.2 is filled with a methanol-water vapor reforming catalyst, which can be granular or a monolithic catalyst supported on a metal carrier, preferably copper-based, nickel-based, or noble metal-based catalyst. The preheated and vaporized feedstock (methanol-water mixed steam) is reformed into hydrogen-rich syngas under high temperature and the action of the catalyst.

[0042] Preheater 3, located at the upper end of the flue gas duct 2.1, has a preheating duct 3.1.

[0043] Furthermore, the bottom opening 3.11 of the preheating channel is connected to the upper opening 2.21 of the reforming chamber. The reaction raw material enters the upper end of the preheating channel 3.1 and is preheated through the preheating channel 3.1. The reaction raw material enters the reforming chamber 2.2 and generates hydrogen-rich gas in the high temperature and catalyst environment. The gas is discharged through the discharge channel 2.22 connected to the reforming chamber 2.2.

[0044] The smoke exhaust duct 2.1 has several spaced baffles 5 with through holes in the vertical direction.

[0045] Methanol fuel and reaction feedstock can use methanol feedstock with a uniform ratio.

[0046] During use, methanol fuel is fed into combustion chamber 1.1, where it burns and releases heat.

[0047] The hot gas generated during combustion rises along the flue gas passage 2.1 and is discharged from the flue gas outlet 2.11 at the end of the flue gas passage 2.1. During this process, the heat carried in the flue gas can heat the reforming chamber 2.2, causing the temperature inside the reforming chamber 2.2 to rise to meet the requirements of the reforming of the reaction raw materials.

[0048] It can also heat the preheater 3, enabling the preheating channel 3.1 to preheat the reaction raw materials.

[0049] The preheated reaction raw materials enter the reforming chamber 2.2, which is filled with a catalyst. Under the high temperature environment and the action of the catalyst, the reaction raw materials are rapidly decomposed into hydrogen-rich gas and discharged from the discharge channel 2.22, which is connected to the reforming chamber 2.2 on the reaction chamber 2.

[0050] Compared with existing methanol reforming reactors, this application feeds the reaction raw materials from top to bottom, which can be gradually preheated to the required temperature. When the raw materials enter the reforming chamber 2.2, they can be rapidly decomposed, improving the hydrogen production efficiency and effectively avoiding insufficient preheating of the raw materials, which leads to low hydrogen production efficiency and loss caused by soaking the catalyst material.

[0051] The high-temperature flue gas from the outlet of combustion chamber 1.1 is introduced into the exhaust channel 2.1 in the middle of the annular reforming chamber 2.2. The through hole on the baffle 5 slows down the flue gas flow speed, causing it to rise slowly and fully transfer heat to the reforming chamber 2.2, thereby creating a reliable high-temperature environment in the reforming chamber 2.2.

[0052] As an improvement of this utility model, the spoiler 5 includes a first spoiler 5.1 with a through hole in the center, and a second spoiler 5.2 with a through hole in the region outside the center.

[0053] The first spoiler 5.1 and the second spoiler 5.2 are alternately arranged in the smoke exhaust channel 2.1.

[0054] The first spoiler 5.1 has a through hole in the middle, and the second spoiler 5.2 has a through hole on the outer edge.

[0055] The multi-stage baffles 5 arranged along the inner axis of the exhaust channel 2.1 form an "S"-shaped meandering flow path between their through holes. The high-temperature flue gas rises along the S-shaped route, further enhancing the flue gas disturbance and slowing down the flue gas flow speed, so that it can fully transfer heat to the reforming chamber 2.2.

[0056] On the other hand, the flow cross-sections at five points of the baffle are small, while those in other areas are large, which causes the flue gas to generate a contraction-expansion-contraction cycle during its ascent. This reduces the upward flow velocity of the flue gas while enhancing the mixing and convection effects of different parts of the flue gas, thus helping to improve heat exchange.

[0057] As an improvement of this utility model, the side wall of the smoke exhaust channel 2.1 is provided with locking blocks 6, which are evenly distributed around the circumference of the smoke exhaust channel 2.1, and the locking blocks 6 are provided with transverse locking grooves 6.1.

[0058] The spoiler 5 is provided with a notch 5.3 that matches the locking block 6, and the thickness of the spoiler 5 is adapted to the locking groove 6.1.

[0059] The spoiler 5 enters the slot 6.1 through the notch 5.3 corresponding to the locking block 6, and then the spoiler 5 is rotated to make the main body of the spoiler 5 enter the slot 6.1 to fix the spoiler 5.

[0060] After the above improvements, the spoiler 5 is connected to the smoke exhaust channel 2.1 with a detachable plug-in connection structure. The connection structure and method enable quick assembly and disassembly of the spoiler 5, which facilitates its layout and maintenance.

[0061] As an improvement of this utility model, a spiral pipe 7 is provided around the combustion chamber 1.1. The starting section of the spiral pipe 7 is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber 1.1 (the inlet of the starting section is connected to the methanol fuel supply pipeline), and spirals upward to the top of the combustion chamber 1.1, and then downward into the combustion chamber 1.1.

[0062] An electric heating jacket 8 is also provided around the spiral pipe 7 in the combustion chamber 1.

[0063] During the start-up phase, because combustion has not yet begun in combustion chamber 1.1 and the temperature is low, the methanol-water mixture (fuel feedstock) cannot effectively undergo catalytic combustion after entering combustion chamber 1.1.

[0064] Therefore, an electric heating jacket 8 is installed outside the spiral pipe 7 to preheat and vaporize the methanol-water mixture inside the spiral pipe 7 during the start-up phase, so that stable catalytic combustion can be achieved after it enters the combustion chamber 1.1.

[0065] When the combustion temperature is reached, after a certain period of time, the entire device will generate a significant amount of heat, sufficient to maintain the temperature requirements for preheating and reforming of the raw materials. The electric heating can then be stopped. At this point, the combustion raw materials in the spiral pipe 7 will be fully preheated by the heat generated from combustion.

[0066] As an improvement of this utility model, the preheating channel 3.1 is arranged to gradually extend outward radially from top to bottom to form a preheating channel 3.1 with a conical cross-section.

[0067] The preheating channel 3.1, with its conical cross-section, can disperse and slow the flow of the reactants. The slow-flow structure within the preheating channel 3.1 further enhances the dispersion and slow-flow effect, ensuring uniform distribution of the reactants and extending their residence time within the preheating channel 3.1. This allows the reactants to be fully preheated and vaporized. When the vaporized reactants enter the reforming chamber 2.2, it can improve hydrogen production efficiency and prevent losses caused by the liquid reactants soaking the catalyst material.

[0068] As an improvement of this utility model, a conical cavity 3.2 matching the preheating flow channel is formed inside the preheater 3, and the conical cavity 3.2 is coaxially arranged with the preheating channel 3.1.

[0069] After the above improvements, the flue gas with heat reaches the top of the flue gas exhaust channel 2.1 and accumulates in the conical cavity 3.2 at the bottom of the preheater 3. The retained flue gas heats the preheater 3.

[0070] The conical cavity 3.2 and the preheating channel 3.1 with a conical cross-section are positioned to match each other, gradually widening from top to bottom. Therefore, the upper region has less flue gas, less heat content, and a smaller heat transfer area, resulting in a lower heating capacity for the upper region of the preheater 3. Conversely, the lower region has more flue gas, more heat content, and a larger heat transfer area, resulting in a greater heating capacity for the lower region of the preheater 3. This leads to a gradual increase in temperature distribution from top to bottom in the preheater 3. After the reactants enter, they flow from top to bottom along the conical cavity.

[0071] Therefore, the reactants can be preheated in a gradient manner, which effectively avoids premature overheating and vaporization of the reactants, making the equipment operation more stable.

[0072] In addition to the above-described embodiments, this application also has other embodiments:

[0073] For example, the conical surface inside the preheating channel can be designed with a hydrophobic surface near the upper region and a hydrophilic surface near the lower region. This can promote the heat absorption and vaporization of droplets adsorbed on the lower surface (i.e., the heated surface), while droplets condensed on the upper surface can fall back to the lower surface in time and be reheated, instead of sliding into the reforming chamber 2.2 along the upper surface. This allows the droplets to absorb heat and fully vaporize when they enter the reforming chamber 2.2, thereby improving the hydrogen production efficiency.

[0074] The methods for preparing the hydrophilic layer include chemical coating (coating a polymer solution containing hydrophilic groups), plasma treatment (introducing hydrophilic groups), and graft copolymerization (grafting hydrophilic monomers).

[0075] Hydrophobic layer preparation methods include spraying / immersion (coating with fluorine-containing or siloxane coatings), sol-gel method (constructing a rough structure with low surface energy), and chemical vapor deposition (depositing fluorine-containing / silicon coatings).

[0076] The methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor of this application can be made of stainless steel, aluminum, or their alloys. The entire reactor is wrapped with an insulation layer to reduce heat loss.

[0077] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the scope of this utility model's concept are within its protection scope. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, any improvements and modifications made without departing from the principle of this utility model should also be considered within its protection scope.

Claims

1. A methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor, characterized in that, The reactor has a cylindrical structure, consisting of the following components from bottom to top: The combustion chamber (1) is provided with a combustion cavity (1.1) for entering methanol fuel and burning it; The reaction chamber (2) is located above the combustion chamber (1) and has a flue gas passage (2.1) communicating with the combustion chamber (1.1). The reaction chamber (2) is provided with a reforming chamber (2.2) around the flue gas passage (2.1). The preheater (3) is sealed at the upper end of the flue gas passage (2.1) and has a preheating passage (3.1). Furthermore, the bottom opening (3.11) of the preheating channel is connected to the upper opening (2.21) of the reforming chamber. The reaction raw material enters the upper end of the preheating channel (3.1), is preheated by the preheating channel (3.1), and then enters the reforming chamber (2.2). Hydrogen-rich gas is generated in the high temperature and catalyst environment and discharged through the discharge channel (2.22) connected to the reforming chamber (2.2). The smoke exhaust channel (2.1) is provided with several spaced baffles (5) with through holes in the vertical direction from bottom to top.

2. The methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler (5) includes a first spoiler (5.1) with a through hole in the center, and a second spoiler (5.2) with a through hole in the region outside the center. The first spoiler (5.1) and the second spoiler (5.2) are alternately arranged in the smoke exhaust channel (2.1).

3. The methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the smoke exhaust channel (2.1) is provided with a locking block (6), and the locking block (6) is provided with a transverse locking groove (6.1). The spoiler (5) is provided with a notch (5.3) that matches the locking block (6), and the thickness of the spoiler (5) is adapted to the locking groove (6.1). The spoiler (5) enters the slot (6.1) through the notch (5.3) and the corresponding block (6). Then the spoiler (5) is rotated so that the main body of the spoiler (5) enters the slot (6.1) to fix the spoiler (5).

4. The methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion chamber (1) is provided with a spiral pipe (7) around the combustion cavity (1.1). The starting section of the spiral pipe (7) is provided at the bottom of the combustion cavity (1.1), and spirals upward to the top of the combustion cavity (1.1), and then downward into the combustion cavity (1.1). The combustion chamber (1) is also provided with an electric heating jacket (8) around the spiral pipe (7).

5. A methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preheating channel (3.1) is a structure that gradually extends outward in the radial direction from top to bottom to form a preheating channel (3.1) with a conical cross-section.

6. A methanol reforming hydrogen production reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The preheater (3) has a conical cavity (3.2) formed on the inner side to match the preheating flow channel.

Images