Seismic source trepanning bomb used for geological exploration

Abstract

The utility model provides a seismic source trepanning bomb for geological exploration, which relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas exploitation operation, and comprises a trepanning bomb shell, a seismic source grain and an energy-gathered trepanning grain, the seismic source grain is arranged above the trepanning bomb shell, the energy-gathered grain is arranged below the trepanning bomb shell, and the energy-gathered grain is arranged below the trepanning bomb shell. Two charging inner cavities are formed in the two ends of a shell body of the bomb with the hole, one charging inner cavity is used for charging an energy-gathering grain, the other charging inner cavity is used for charging a seismic grain, and annular small grooves are formed in the two charging inner cavities, so that the grains can be firmly combined with the shell body, and the grains are prevented from falling off; a detonating hole for a detonating cord to penetrate through is further formed in the middle of the trepanning bomb shell, the energy-gathered trepanning grain is provided with an energy-gathered hole, the seismic source grain is a cylindrical solid grain, energy-gathered negative pressure trepanning and seismic source exploration can be completed through one-time well descending construction, any tedious working procedures and difficulty are not increased in operation, and safety and reliability are achieved. The construction cost can be saved, and economic benefits are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil and natural gas extraction technology, specifically to a seismic source perforation projectile used in geological exploration. Background Technology

[0002] Geophysical source charges are mainly used for geophysical exploration of oil, natural gas, coal, and minerals, as well as deep-water reef breaking operations. They are used to detect the dynamic changes in the geological structure of oil wells by measuring the changes in the detonation wave generated by the explosion of the source charge. The key lies in energy release and signal acquisition.

[0003] Perforation guns are a type of perforation gun used to create negative pressure in oil and gas wells. Negative pressure perforation occurs when the perforating gun fires, creating a pressure difference between the fluid column pressure inside the wellbore and the formation pressure. This pressure difference helps clean the perforation hole, and the formation fluid flowing into the perforation hole carries away sufficient metal debris, thus opening a channel for the formation fluid to flow into the wellbore. Negative pressure perforation has been one of the most commonly used perforation techniques since the 1970s.

[0004] Currently, conventional source explosives and perforation shells are used independently. Seismic source surveys generate vibrations through explosions or other violent means, while negative pressure perforation requires maintaining a certain negative pressure environment. Seismic source surveys may disrupt the sealing required for the negative pressure environment, making it impossible to maintain the negative pressure. At the same time, source explosives and perforation shells are relatively cumbersome to process and complicated to operate.

[0005] To solve the above problems, it is urgent to develop a seismic source perforation projectile for geological exploration. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model is a seismic source perforation projectile used in geological exploration. In order to solve the technical problem that traditional seismic source propellant and perforation projectile are used independently, and the vibration generated by the seismic source propellant may damage the sealing required for the perforation projectile, resulting in pressure imbalance of the perforation projectile and affecting the explosion effect, this utility model proposes a seismic source perforation projectile that integrates seismic source exploration and negative pressure perforation, and completes the two functions of seismic source exploration and energy-conducting negative pressure perforation in one go.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a seismic source perforation projectile for geological exploration, used in conjunction with a detonating cord and a perforating gun, comprising: a perforation projectile casing, a seismic source charge, and a shaped charge perforation charge. The seismic source charge is disposed above the perforation projectile casing, and the shaped charge is disposed below the perforation projectile casing. The seismic source perforation projectile is detonated by a detonating cord, and when the detonating cord is detonated, the seismic source charge and the shaped charge perforation charge are detonated simultaneously.

[0008] Preferably, the perforated shell has a detonating cord insertion hole in the middle for inserting the detonating cord, and detonation transmission holes are provided at both ends of the detonating cord insertion hole. The detonating cord insertion hole passes through the two charge cavities through the detonation transmission holes, and a rectangular annular groove is provided in the middle of the perforated shell.

[0009] Preferably, the inner ends of the perforated shell are provided with charge cavities, the upper end being the source charge cavity and the lower end being the shaped charge cavity.

[0010] Preferably, both the inner cavity of the seismic source charge and the inner cavity of the shaped charge are provided with several annular grooves. The annular grooves are asymmetrical "V" shaped grooves. The upper part of the annular groove in the inner cavity of the seismic source charge is horizontal, and the lower part of the annular groove in the inner cavity of the shaped charge is horizontal.

[0011] Preferably, the seismic source charge is a solid cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the shaped charge has a shaped cavity, which is funnel-shaped, with a conical upper part and a rounded opening. The top of the shaped charge has a horizontal structure. Beneficial effects: This invention provides a source perforation projectile for geological exploration, which, compared with existing technologies, has the following advantages:

[0013] Beneficial effects: By setting a hole for the detonating cord and a detonation transmission hole, this utility model enables the source charge and the shaped charge to detonate simultaneously when the source charge detonates. The detonation wave generated by the cone angle and arc structure of the shaped charge interacts with the detonation wave generated at the top, effectively reducing the impact of the vibration generated during the explosion of the source charge on the sealing required for the explosion of the shaped charge.

[0014] This invention can complete two tasks—energy-concentrating negative pressure drilling and seismic source exploration—in a single well-drilling operation. It does not add any complicated procedures or difficulties to the operation, and is safe and reliable, saving construction costs and increasing economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the perforated cartridge case of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of this utility model;

[0018] In the picture:

[0019] 1. Perforated cartridge case; 11. Detonating cord insertion hole; 12. Detonation transmission hole; 13. Annular groove; 14. Rectangular annular groove; 15. Source charge inner cavity; 16. Shaped charge perforated inner cavity.

[0020] 2. Seismic source propellant column,

[0021] 3. Concentrated energy opening medicine column, 31. Concentrated energy point, 32. Upper cone line of concentrated energy point, 33. Lower arc line of concentrated energy point, 34. Horizontal line of concentrated energy point. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, this utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. The technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0023] Please see Figure 1-2 This utility model provides a technical solution: a seismic source perforation projectile for geological exploration, used in conjunction with a detonating cord and a perforating gun, comprising: a perforation projectile casing 1, a seismic source charge 2, and a shaped charge perforation charge 3. The seismic source charge 2 is located above the perforation projectile casing 1, and the shaped charge is located below the perforation projectile casing 1, thereby achieving the dual capabilities of seismic source detection and shaped charge perforation.

[0024] In some embodiments, the perforated shell 1 has a detonating cord insertion hole 11 in the middle for inserting the detonating cord, and detonation transmission holes 12 at both ends of the detonating cord insertion hole 11. The detonating cord insertion hole 11 passes through the detonation transmission holes 12 and connects the two charge cavities. When detonated, the detonating cord passes through the detonating cord insertion hole 11 and the detonation transmission holes 12 to reach the source charge 2 and the shaped charge 3 simultaneously. The perforated shell 1 has a rectangular annular groove 14 in the middle to facilitate the fixing of the source perforated shell.

[0025] In some embodiments, the inner ends of the perforated shell 1 are provided with charge cavities, the upper end is the source charge cavity 15, and the lower end is the shaped charge cavity 16. The source charge cavity 15 and the shaped charge cavity 16 are connected through the detonation hole 12.

[0026] In some embodiments, both the source charge cavity 15 and the shaped charge cavity 16 are provided with a plurality of annular grooves 13. The annular grooves 13 are asymmetrical "V" shaped grooves. The upper part of the annular grooves 13 in the source charge cavity 15 is horizontal, and the lower part of the annular grooves 13 in the shaped charge cavity 16 is horizontal. The asymmetrical "V" shaped grooves 13 can make the propellant and the shell firmly connected to prevent the propellant from falling off.

[0027] In some embodiments, the source propellant 2 is a solid cylinder, and the amount of propellant in the source propellant 2 is controlled as needed during use.

[0028] In some embodiments, the energy-concentrating medicine column is provided with an energy-concentrating cavity 31, which is funnel-shaped. The upper part of the energy-concentrating cavity 31 is a cone angle corresponding to the upper cone line 32 of the energy-concentrating cavity, and the opening of the energy-concentrating cavity 31 is an arc corresponding to the lower arc line 33 of the energy-concentrating cavity. The top of the energy-concentrating cavity 31 is provided with a horizontal surface corresponding to the horizontal line 34 of the energy-concentrating cavity.

[0029] Working principle of this utility model:

[0030] The seismic source perforation charge is loaded into the perforating gun, which is then lowered through tubing or cable to the casing section corresponding to the target formation. The detonating cord is detonated to ignite the seismic source perforation charge. The seismic source charge 2 and the shaped charge perforation charge 3 detonate simultaneously. The detonation wave generated by the shaped charge perforation charge 3 penetrates the perforating gun without damaging the casing or tubing inside the wellbore. Liquid inside the wellbore enters the perforating gun, reducing the liquid pressure and creating a downhole negative pressure. Simultaneously, the seismic source charge 2 detonates, generating seismic waves. The seismic wave signal is transmitted to the surface via a seismograph, providing scientific basis for technicians to analyze geological structures.

[0031] The propellant at the tip of the shaped charge forms a high-speed metal jet upon detonation. The top of the shaped charge cavity 31 of the shaped charge 3 is designed with a horizontal structure, an upper conical angle structure, and a lower rounded arc. This horizontal structure ensures a stable and robust jet at the top of the shaped charge 3. According to mechanical principles, the detonation waves generated by the conical angle structure and the rounded arc structure interact with each other, effectively and precisely controlling the jet's head velocity and causing it to rapidly attenuate after penetrating the perforation gun. This jet possesses extremely strong directionality and penetrating power, precisely penetrating specific parts of the perforation gun without diffusing energy in other directions, thus avoiding damage to the casing or tubing. To achieve the goal of penetrating the perforation gun without damaging the casing or tubing, the gun body achieves a large aperture, small burrs, and no damage to the casing, realizing the integration of precision blasting technology and mechanical design in oil and gas engineering.

[0032] The source charge 2 and the shaped charge 3 are detonated simultaneously. The detonation wave generated by the cone-shaped charge 3 and the detonation wave generated at the top interact with each other, causing interference. The liquid in the wellbore enters the perforating gun, and the liquid pressure in the wellbore decreases, forming a downhole negative pressure. This solves the technical problem that the vibration generated by the source charge 2 may damage the sealing required for the perforating projectile, leading to pressure imbalance of the perforating projectile and affecting the explosion effect.

[0033] This invention relates to a perforation source cartridge that is mounted in a perforating gun and used in conjunction with a conventional perforating gun to form a perforating gun string. The perforation source cartridge is installed at the lower end of the conventional perforating gun and enters the wellbore. The perforation source cartridge propels the perforating gun out of the perforation channel without damaging the casing or communicating with the formation; it only creates a negative pressure environment within the wellbore. The presence of this negative pressure environment facilitates the cleaning of the perforation orifice after subsequent conventional perforation with the conventional perforating gun. The flow of formation fluid into the perforation orifice will carry away sufficient metal debris, thereby opening a channel for formation fluid to flow into the wellbore.

[0034] The above description is a further detailed explanation of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments. For those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the present invention, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered as falling within the scope of patent protection determined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A source-drilling projectile for geological exploration, used in conjunction with a detonating cord and a perforating gun, characterized in that, include: The projectile comprises a perforated shell, a source charge, and a shaped charge. The source charge is located above the perforated shell, and the shaped charge is located below the perforated shell. The perforated shell is detonated by a detonating cord. When the detonating cord is detonated, the source charge and the shaped charge are detonated simultaneously.

2. The source-opening projectile for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforated cartridge case has a detonating cord insertion hole in the middle for inserting the detonating cord, and detonation transmission holes at both ends of the detonating cord insertion hole. The detonating cord insertion hole passes through the two charge cavities through the detonation transmission holes. The perforated cartridge case has a rectangular annular groove in the middle.

3. The source-opening projectile for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforated shell has a charging cavity at both ends, with the upper end being the seismic source charging cavity and the lower end being the shaped charge perforated charging cavity.

4. The source-opening projectile for geological exploration according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the inner cavity of the seismic source charge and the inner cavity of the shaped charge are provided with several annular grooves. The annular grooves are asymmetrical "V" shaped grooves. The upper part of the annular groove in the inner cavity of the seismic source charge is horizontal, and the lower part of the annular groove in the inner cavity of the shaped charge is horizontal.

5. The source-opening projectile for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic source charge is a solid cylindrical shape.

6. The source-opening projectile for geological exploration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy-concentrating medicine column is provided with an energy-concentrating cavity, which is funnel-shaped, with a conical structure at the top and an arc-shaped opening at the bottom. A horizontal structure is provided at the top of the energy-concentrating cavity.

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