Current regulating device

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model provides a current adjusting device, which comprises a control unit and a plurality of adjusting modules, the input ends of the plurality of adjusting modules are connected with the output end of a sensor, the control end of each adjusting module in the plurality of adjusting modules is connected with different ports in the control unit, and a resistor is arranged in each adjusting module in the plurality of adjusting modules; wherein the control unit is used for controlling the connection or disconnection of the adjusting module corresponding to the port by adjusting the output signal of the port, so as to control the current magnitude of the output end of the sensor. According to the design, flexible configuration of hardware functions is achieved through software control, the accuracy of current adjustment is guaranteed, the system has the capacity of dynamically adapting to different application scenes, and the reliability and maintenance convenience of the system are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of signal conditioning technology, and in particular to a current conditioning device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in traditional sensor signal acquisition systems, sensors are typically connected directly to the acquisition port of a microcontroller unit (MCU). However, the sensor's output current may exceed the input current tolerance range of the MCU's acquisition port, resulting in excessive sink current. Therefore, a resistor with a corresponding resistance value is connected to the sensor's output. However, for different application scenarios, the hardware circuit needs to be modified for each application to adjust the output current, making it impossible to automatically adapt to different application scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a current regulation device that controls the on / off state of multiple regulation modules connected to the sensor output terminal by adjusting the output signal of the control unit adjustment port, thereby controlling the current magnitude at the sensor output terminal. This allows different resistance values ​​to be obtained based on different combinations of the on / off states of the multiple regulation modules, eliminating the need to change the hardware circuitry for each application and automatically adapting to different application scenarios.

[0004] The current regulating device includes a control unit and multiple regulating modules. The input terminals of the multiple regulating modules are connected to the output terminals of the sensor. The control terminal of each regulating module is connected to a different port in the control unit. Each regulating module contains a built-in resistor.

[0005] This control unit is used to control the conduction or disconnection of the corresponding adjustment module by adjusting the output signal of the adjustment port, thereby controlling the current magnitude at the output terminal of the sensor.

[0006] Specifically, each of the multiple adjustment modules includes a first input resistor, a first output resistor, and a first switching transistor, wherein,

[0007] The first port of the first input resistor serves as the input terminal of each adjustment module. The second port of the first input resistor is connected to the input terminal of the first switching transistor. The output terminal of the first switching transistor is grounded. The control terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first port of the first output resistor. The second port of the first output resistor serves as the control terminal of each adjustment module.

[0008] In addition, the current regulating device also includes a second input resistor, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the sensor, and the output end of which is connected to the output end of the first switching transistor in any of the multiple regulating modules.

[0009] Furthermore, the control unit is specifically used for:

[0010] When the output signal of the regulating port is high, the regulating module is turned on;

[0011] When the output signal of the regulating port is low, the regulating module is disconnected.

[0012] Optionally, the resistance values ​​of the first input resistors included in each of the multiple adjustment modules are not the same.

[0013] Optionally, the first switching transistor can be a bipolar transistor or a MOSFET.

[0014] Optionally, each of the multiple adjustment modules includes a first sub-adjustment module and a second sub-adjustment module. The first sub-adjustment module includes a third input resistor, a second output resistor, and a second switching transistor. The second sub-adjustment module includes a third output resistor and a third switching transistor.

[0015] The first port of the third input resistor serves as the input terminal of each adjustment module. The second port of the third input resistor is connected to the input terminal of the second switching transistor. The output terminals of the second and third switching transistors are grounded. The control terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to the first port of the second output resistor. The second port of the second output resistor is connected to the input terminal of the third switching transistor. The control terminal of the third switching transistor is connected to the first port of the third output resistor. The second port of the third output resistor serves as the control terminal of each adjustment module.

[0016] Optionally, the control unit is used to determine whether each of the multiple adjustment modules is turned on or off based on the magnitude of the target current, so that the current value of the first combination of the multiple adjustment modules being turned on or off is the smallest difference from the target current among all the combinations of the multiple adjustment modules being turned on or off.

[0017] Optionally, each of the multiple adjustment modules also includes a light-emitting diode (LED), with its first port connected to the output terminal of the first switching transistor and its second port grounded.

[0018] Optionally, each of the multiple adjustment modules further includes a comparator, the input of which is connected to the output of the first switching transistor, and the output of which is connected to an alarm; wherein,

[0019] When the control terminal of the first switching transistor is high, the comparator compares the voltage input to the input terminal with the preset voltage. When the voltage input to the input terminal is less than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a control signal to control the alarm.

[0020] As can be seen, the current regulating device provided in this application controls the conduction state of the regulating module through the output signal of the control unit. It utilizes the discrete resistance values ​​of the resistive elements in each regulating module to form a variable resistance network, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the current magnitude at the sensor output terminal. This design achieves flexible configuration of hardware functions through software control, ensuring both the accuracy of current regulation and the ability to dynamically adapt to different application scenarios, thus improving the system's reliability and ease of maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a current regulating device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 A circuit topology diagram of an adjustment module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0024] Figure 3 A circuit topology diagram of another adjustment module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 4 A circuit topology diagram of another adjustment module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a first combination mode according to an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0028] The terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps is not limited to the steps listed, but may optionally include steps not listed, or may optionally include other steps inherent to these processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0029] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0030] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a current regulating device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the current regulating device 100 includes multiple regulating modules 102 and a control unit 103.

[0031] The input terminals of multiple adjustment modules 102 are connected to the output terminals of sensor 101. This connection can be paralleled to form multiple switchable current paths. The control terminal of each adjustment module 102 is connected to a different port in control unit 103. This connection can be achieved by driving the switching elements in the adjustment module 102 with digital logic levels. Each adjustment module 102 contains a built-in resistor.

[0032] The control unit 103 adjusts the output signal of the port to regulate the conduction or disconnection of the corresponding adjustment module 102, thereby dynamically adjusting the resistance combination connected to the sensor 101. Based on different resistance combinations, the current at the output terminal of the sensor 101 will also be different, thus allowing control over the current at the output terminal of the sensor 101. The control unit 103 can refer to an MCU, and the port of the control unit 103 can refer to an I / O port.

[0033] When the regulating module 102 is in the ON state, its built-in resistor is connected to the sensor 101, thereby controlling the current at the output terminal of the sensor 101. For example, if the sensor 101 output voltage is 5V, the current at the output terminal of the sensor 101 is 22.7mA when the 220Ω resistor is ON, while the current drops to 5mA when the 1kΩ resistor is ON alone. This resistor connection method can precisely control the current to match the needs of different application scenarios. Connecting multiple regulating modules 102 in parallel at their input terminals can reduce the resistance at the output terminal of the sensor 101. By flexibly controlling the ON or OFF states of multiple regulating modules 102, different resistance values ​​can be obtained, thereby achieving precise graded current control.

[0034] It is understandable that the resistive element in the regulating module 102 and the switching element in the regulating module 102 should form a series combination relationship.

[0035] This embodiment provides a current regulation device 100 that controls the conduction state of regulation modules 102 through the output signal of control unit 103. By utilizing the discrete resistance values ​​of the resistive elements in each regulation module 102 to form a variable resistance network, it achieves dynamic adjustment of the current output of sensor 101. This design achieves flexible configuration of hardware functions through software control, ensuring the accuracy of current regulation, dynamically adapting to different application scenarios, reducing hardware redundancy, and improving system reliability and maintenance convenience.

[0036] The adjustment module is described in detail below:

[0037] For example, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a circuit topology diagram of an adjustment module provided in an embodiment of this application. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the adjustment module includes a first input resistor R1, a first output resistor R2, and a first switching transistor Q1. It can be seen that in... Figure 3 In the diagram, the first switching transistor Q1 is an NPN transistor.

[0038] The first port of the first input resistor R1 serves as the input terminal IN1 of the adjustment module. The second port of the first input resistor R1 is connected to the input terminal of the first switch Q1. The output terminal of the first switch Q1 is grounded. The control terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first port of the first output resistor R2. The second port of the first output resistor R2 serves as the control terminal ST1 of each adjustment module, which is used to connect to the port of the control unit.

[0039] This interaction limits the magnitude of the sensor's output current through resistance. When the first switch Q1 is in the on state, the current flows into the first switch Q1 through the first input resistor R1 and is grounded, thereby achieving impedance regulation of the current path. For example, the resistance value of the first input resistor R1 can be selected according to the current requirements of the specific application scenario, such as 220Ω or 470Ω, thus ensuring that the sensor's output current flows within a safe range.

[0040] The first output resistor R2 is connected to the control terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 via a voltage divider and current limiting method. This connection can be achieved through a direct wire connection or via PCB traces. This interaction provides a stable drive voltage to the control terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 through the current-limiting characteristic of the resistor. For example, when the control unit outputs a high level, current needs to flow through the first output resistor R2 to charge the control terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 to the conduction threshold voltage. In a specific embodiment, the resistance of the first output resistor R2 can be 10kΩ. A larger resistance value can reduce the power consumption of the control signal and suppress high-frequency interference, thereby avoiding signal overload or false triggering caused by direct drive.

[0041] The first output resistor R2 is connected to the I / O port of the control unit via a level signal transmission method. This interaction converts the low-power signal of the control unit into the appropriate current required to drive the switching transistor through the isolation effect of the resistor. For example, when the control unit outputs a high level, the current provides a charging path for the control terminal of the switching transistor through the first output resistor R2, while a low level cuts off this path. This design can isolate the capacitive load between the control unit and the first switching transistor Q1. For example, when there is a large capacitance at the control terminal of the first switching transistor Q1, the first output resistor R2 can control the charging rate to prevent malfunctions caused by signal glitches, thereby improving the stability and anti-interference capability of the control signal.

[0042] The first switch Q1 forms a dynamic current path with the sensor output by switching between on and off states. This switching process is further triggered by a drive voltage provided by the control unit. This interaction achieves on / off control of the current path through the switching characteristics of the semiconductor device.

[0043] This embodiment provides a current regulation device that achieves current impedance regulation through the series connection of a first input resistor R1 and the input terminal of a first switching transistor Q1, achieves stable control through the current limiting drive of a first output resistor R2 and the control terminal of the first switching transistor Q1, and achieves dynamic switching control through the level signal transmission between the control unit and the first output resistor R2 via the output port. This device can achieve the technical effects of precise control of the switching state, flexible configuration of current limiting capability, reduced control signal load, and simplified circuit design.

[0044] For example, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a circuit topology diagram of another adjustment module provided in an embodiment of this application. (See diagram below.) Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment module includes a first input resistor R1, a first output resistor R2, a second input resistor R3, and a first switching transistor Q1.

[0045] The first port of the first input resistor R1 serves as the input terminal IN1 of the adjustment module, used to connect to the output terminal of the sensor. The first port of the second input resistor R3 also serves as the other input terminal IN2 of the adjustment module, used to connect to the output terminal of the sensor. The second port of the second input resistor R3 is used to connect to the output terminal of the first switch Q1. The second port of the first input resistor R1 is connected to the input terminal of the first switch Q1. The output terminal of the first switch Q1 is grounded. The control terminal of the first switch Q1 is connected to the first port of the first output resistor R2. The second port of the first output resistor R2 serves as the control terminal ST1 of each adjustment module.

[0046] This interaction allows the sensor output current to flow simultaneously or individually through the second input resistor R3 and the first input resistor R1 of the other adjustment module, thereby expanding the configurability of the current path. For example, when the first switch Q1 of the adjustment module is turned on, the current at the sensor output terminal can simultaneously flow through the parallel path formed by the second input resistor R3 and the first input resistor R1 of the adjustment module; when the first switch Q1 of the adjustment module is turned off, the current at the sensor output terminal flows only through the second input resistor R3, thus achieving different resistance value combinations. In one specific embodiment, when the resistance value of the second input resistor R3 is configured to 100Ω, it can form an equivalent resistance of approximately 91Ω with the 1kΩ first input resistor R1, thereby increasing the sensor output current.

[0047] By directly connecting the second input resistor R3 to the sensor output terminal to form an independent current path, a fixed current magnitude can be obtained by adjusting the second input resistor R3 when other adjustment modules cannot be turned on, thereby improving the fault tolerance of the current adjustment device.

[0048] The control unit establishes an electrical control relationship with the regulation module by outputting high and low level signals, specifically through the control terminal interface of the regulation module to transmit the level signals. Furthermore, this interaction can be achieved by directly driving the first switching transistor Q1 with a digital signal, thus establishing a one-to-one correspondence between the binary level state and the on / off state of the first switching transistor Q1. This design allows the control unit to accurately control the module state through simple level outputs, avoiding the threshold ambiguity problem in analog signal control, effectively reducing the risk of false triggering, and simplifying the software implementation complexity of the control strategy. For example, when the control unit outputs a high level, this voltage provides a driving voltage to the control terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 through the control terminal interface of the regulation module, thereby enabling the first switching transistor Q1 to be fully turned on; when the control unit outputs a low level, the first switching transistor Q1 is in the off state. In a specific embodiment, the port of the control unit and the control terminal of the regulation module are also connected via PCB traces.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the multiple first input resistors R1 among the multiple adjustment modules form a dynamic resistance network through parallel connection. Moreover, this combination relationship can employ a binary-coded switch control method. The resistance values ​​of the first input resistors R1 in each of the multiple adjustment modules are all different, and the first input resistors R1 in each of the multiple adjustment modules can exhibit a multiple increase.

[0050] Understandably, the differentiated resistance configuration ensures that each module's contribution to the total resistance is unique when it is turned on, thus forming a discrete and unique total resistance value. The first input resistor R1 is controlled by a binary signal to form a programmable resistance selection relationship with the control unit. The control unit selectively turns on the adjustment modules by outputting high and low level signals, for example, outputting a high level to the control terminals of adjustment modules A and C to access their resistance values, while turning off other adjustment modules. This binary mapping method allows the control unit to generate 2^n resistance combination states (where n is the number of adjustment modules), thereby expanding the number of discrete current adjustment levels. In a specific embodiment, the three modules can form 8 resistance states, corresponding to different current demand scenarios.

[0051] The first input resistor R1, through a combination of resistance values, forms a physical relationship with the sensor output to regulate the current. Furthermore, this regulation relationship can be achieved using the formula for calculating the total resistance of a parallel network. When the control unit selects the conduction adjustment module B (220Ω) and the adjustment module C (470Ω), the total resistance is 157Ω, and the sensor output current is the power supply voltage divided by this total resistance value. Differentiated resistance values, through mathematical combinations, extend the resistance regulation range (e.g., from 157Ω to 470Ω), thereby covering current requirements from microamperes to amperes, meeting the switching needs between high-precision and high-current scenarios.

[0052] The total resistance forms a closed-loop feedback regulation relationship with the control unit through dynamic combination. Furthermore, this closed-loop relationship can be implemented using a PID algorithm or a comparison logic with a preset threshold. The control unit recalculates the required total resistance and adjusts the module conduction state based on the difference between the current value fed back by the sensor and the target value. For example, when the actual current is lower than the target value, the control unit can activate more low-resistance modules to reduce the total resistance, thereby increasing the current to the set value.

[0053] It can be seen that by adjusting the value of the first input resistor R1 of the module through differentiated configuration, a combinable resistor network is formed. The current adjustment range is expanded by combining resistors in parallel, which is suitable for sensor applications that require multi-mode switching and high reliability.

[0054] Furthermore, the first switching transistor Q1 can be a transistor, a MOSFET, or other switchable transistor. When the first switching transistor Q1 is a MOSFET, the MOSFET can be, but is not limited to, a common silicon-based power field-effect transistor (SiMOSFET), a silicon carbide high electron mobility transistor (SiC HEMT), a gallium nitride high electron mobility transistor (GaNHEMT), etc. The same applies to other switching transistors described below.

[0055] When the first switching transistor Q1 is a bipolar transistor, its input terminal is the collector, its output terminal is the emitter, and its control terminal is the base. When the first switching transistor Q1 is a MOSFET, its input terminal is the source, its output terminal is the drain, and its control terminal is the gate. It is understood that the bipolar transistor is an NPN type, and the MOSFET is an N-channel MOSFET.

[0056] For example, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a circuit topology diagram of another adjustment module provided in an embodiment of this application. (See diagram below.) Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment module includes a first sub-adjustment module and a second sub-adjustment module. The first sub-adjustment module includes a third input resistor R4, a second output resistor R5, and a second switch Q2. The second sub-adjustment module includes a third output resistor R6 and a third switch Q3.

[0057] In this configuration, the first port of the third input resistor R4 serves as the input terminal IN1 of the adjustment module, the second port of the third input resistor R4 is connected to the input terminal of the second switch Q2, the output terminals of the second switch Q2 and the third switch Q3 are grounded, the control terminal of the second switch Q2 is connected to the first port of the second output resistor R5, the second port of the second output resistor R5 is connected to the input terminal of the third switch Q3, the control terminal of the third switch Q3 is connected to the first port of the third output resistor R6, and the second port of the third output resistor R6 serves as the control terminal ST1 of each adjustment module.

[0058] The control terminal of the second switch Q2 forms a voltage transmission path with the input terminal of the third switch Q3 through the second output resistor R5. The resistance value of this resistor can be optimized based on the charging and discharging time constant of the capacitor at the control terminal of the switch. Furthermore, the isolation effect of the second output resistor R5 prevents the signal at the input terminal of the third switch Q3 from directly interfering with the control terminal of the second switch Q2, thereby maintaining the integrity of the control signal. This interaction can be implemented using a high-resistance voltage divider network or a buffer circuit, thereby achieving stable transmission of drive current and signal isolation.

[0059] The control terminal of the third switch Q3 forms a signal input path with the port of the external control unit through the third output resistor R6. The resistance value of this resistor can be determined based on the matching requirements between the control signal voltage amplitude and the threshold voltage of the switch. Furthermore, the current limiting function of the third output resistor R6 can prevent overload of the control signal from damaging the switch, thereby ensuring reliable transmission of the control signal. This interaction can be implemented using an adjustable resistor or a fixed-value voltage divider network, thus adapting to the needs of different control voltage ranges.

[0060] The control signal output by the control unit is transmitted to the control terminal of the third switch Q3 through the third output resistor R6, and then grounded through the output terminal of the third switch Q3 to form a voltage loop. This grounding path forms a voltage supply path with the control terminal of the second switch Q2 through the second output resistor R5, thereby determining the conduction condition of the second switch Q2. This cascaded control logic can be implemented using a logic network composed of multi-level gate circuits or discrete components, thus achieving the coordinated conduction condition of the two-stage switches.

[0061] The third switch Q3 is turned on and grounded through its output, providing a voltage support path for the input of the second switch Q2. When the third switch Q3 is turned off, the interruption of this support path causes the voltage at the control terminal of the second switch Q2 to disappear, thus forcibly turning off the second switch Q2. This two-stage control mechanism can be implemented using cascaded MOSFETs or a composite transistor structure, thereby achieving multi-level redundant protection.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, when the control unit outputs a high-level signal, the third switch Q3 is turned on, and its output terminal is grounded, forming a loop. At this time, the input terminal of the second switch Q2 obtains the sensor voltage through the third input resistor R4, while the input terminal of the third switch Q3 provides voltage to the control terminal of the second switch Q2 through the second output resistor R5, causing it to turn on. The current path thus forms a complete circuit, and the total resistance is determined by the third input resistor R4. If the control terminal of the second switch Q2 does not reach the threshold voltage, the current path is still blocked even if the third switch Q3 is turned on, thereby achieving fault isolation.

[0063] Specifically, multiple adjustment modules can use different numbers, and the order of the numbers is determined according to the size of the first input resistor in the adjustment module.

[0064] In addition, the control unit is specifically used to determine whether each of the multiple adjustment modules is turned on or off according to the magnitude of the target current, so that the current value of the first combination of the multiple adjustment modules being turned on or off is the smallest difference from the target current among all the combinations of the multiple adjustment modules being turned on or off.

[0065] After determining the target current, the control unit can recursively arrange and combine the currents. For example, it can combine the currents based on the total resistance value after each combination, from largest to smallest. After obtaining the corresponding current value after each combination, the difference D1 between this value and the target current is determined. If this difference D1 is less than a preset threshold, it is compared with the difference D2 between the current value obtained from the previous combination and the target current. If D1 is less than D2, the difference D1 is recorded. This recursive combination process continues until all combinations are completed. Finally, the combination with the smallest difference is determined as the first combination. Subsequently, the on / off state of multiple adjustment modules is controlled according to the first combination.

[0066] For example, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a first combination mode according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the target current is first determined. Then, the current is recursively combined by turning each of the multiple adjustment modules on or off. The current value is calculated once for each combination. If the difference between the current value corresponding to the current combination and the target current is less than a preset threshold, it is compared with the difference recorded last time. If the difference this time is less than the difference last time, the difference is recorded. Then, the combination is repeated until all combinations are completed. The combination with the smallest recorded difference is then determined as the first combination.

[0067] Furthermore, the control unit can acquire the first input resistance value of each adjustment module through storage or real-time detection, and calculate the total resistance value of different conduction combinations based on these resistance values. It then uses mathematical calculations to determine the optimal resistance combination corresponding to the target current. The interaction between the control unit and the adjustment modules can be achieved through preset storage or real-time detection circuits to acquire resistance values. For example, the resistance values ​​of each adjustment module can be acquired through electronic tags or independent detection loops, thus dynamically adapting to resistance changes caused by different module configurations. This interaction allows the control unit to adjust the calculation basis according to actual circuit parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the adjustment.

[0068] The control unit iterates through all possible combinations of adjustment modules and calculates the resistance difference between each combination. Furthermore, this combination iteration process can be implemented using binary enumeration or dynamic programming algorithms. For example, with three modules, there are eight possible conduction combinations. By calculating the difference between the resistance value of each combination and the target value, the combination scheme closest to the target resistance can be selected. This interactive relationship ensures the feasibility of the optimal solution through exhaustive search.

[0069] The control unit controls the conduction state of the switching transistors via high and low level signals. Furthermore, the switching transistor control signals can be implemented using pulse width modulation or direct level drive. For example, when it is determined that modules B and C are conducting, the control unit sends a high-level signal to the corresponding modules to enable the switching transistors, thereby translating theoretical calculations into actual circuit states. This interactive relationship connects algorithm output with hardware execution, ensuring that the optimal combination scheme can be practically applied to circuit adjustment.

[0070] For example, the sensor and control unit can establish an interactive relationship through voltage signal transmission. Furthermore, voltage signal acquisition can be achieved using an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). For instance, the 5V voltage output from the sensor is converted by an ADC and input to the control unit, thus providing a real-time reference parameter for resistance value calculation. If the resistances of the three adjustment modules are 100Ω, 220Ω, and 470Ω respectively, and the target current is 18mA, the control unit first calculates the target resistance to be approximately 277.8Ω. Then, after iterating through all combinations, it finds that the module with the 220Ω resistance has the smallest difference from the target value when it is turned on alone. Finally, the current is adjusted by controlling the switch to turn on the module with the 220Ω resistance. This process demonstrates how the control unit, through a resistance combination optimization algorithm, can achieve a current output closer to the target value with a fixed hardware configuration, achieving an actual error of only 4.7mA, which is superior to the fixed resistance level scheme.

[0071] In addition, each of the multiple adjustment modules also includes a light-emitting diode (LED), with its first port connected to the output terminal of the first switching transistor and its second port grounded.

[0072] In this embodiment, the LED is electrically connected to the output of the first switching transistor in the adjustment module through its first port, and its second port is grounded, forming part of the current path. Furthermore, this connection can be implemented using a series current-limiting resistor. When the first switching transistor is in the on state, the current flowing from the sensor output through the first input resistor and the first switching transistor to ground will inevitably flow through the forward path of the LED, causing it to emit light; conversely, when the switching transistor is off, the current path is cut off, and the LED is extinguished. This design allows the LED's state to directly map to the module's on state, providing real-time feedback without additional control signals, thereby significantly reducing the complexity of system debugging and improving fault diagnosis efficiency. For example, if the first switching transistor is an N-channel MOSFET, the anode of the LED is connected to the source of the MOSFET, and the cathode is grounded to form a complete circuit.

[0073] The state changes of the LED are directly related to the control signals sent by the control unit. The control unit indirectly controls the LED's on / off state by adjusting the on / off state of the first switching transistor. This cooperative relationship can be achieved using a level signal drive. For example, when the control unit outputs a high level to turn on the switching transistor, the LED lights up; if it outputs a low level, the switching transistor is turned off, and the LED turns off. This design eliminates the need for a dedicated control interface or signal lines, thus maintaining the simplicity of the original control logic and reducing hardware costs. It also provides the operator with intuitive visual feedback to verify the execution results of control commands.

[0074] The forward voltage drop and operating current characteristics of the LED must be compatible with the main circuit parameters. In a specific embodiment, if the sensor output voltage is 5V, the first input resistance is 220Ω, the LED's forward voltage drop is 2V, and the operating current is 20mA, then the total resistance must satisfy Ohm's law calculation. Furthermore, adjusting the resistance value or adding a current-limiting resistor can ensure that the LED operates within a safe range, thereby avoiding a significant impact of its voltage drop on the calculation of the total resistance of the main circuit.

[0075] This embodiment provides a current regulation device that forms a state feedback path by directly connecting the light-emitting diode to the output terminal of the first switching transistor. The device indirectly controls the on / off state of the LED using the level signal of the control unit, which can significantly improve system maintainability, simplify the debugging process, and reduce troubleshooting time.

[0076] In addition, each of the multiple adjustment modules also includes a comparator. The input terminal of the comparator is connected to the output terminal of the first switching transistor, and the output terminal of the comparator is connected to the alarm. When the control terminal of the first switching transistor is high, the comparator compares the voltage input at the input terminal with the preset voltage. When the voltage input at the input terminal is less than the preset voltage, the output terminal of the comparator outputs a control signal to control the alarm to sound.

[0077] In this embodiment, the comparator achieves voltage monitoring by electrically connecting its input terminal to the output terminal of the first switching transistor. It can be understood that the input terminal of the aforementioned comparator mainly refers to the inverting input terminal (negative input terminal). At this time, the reference voltage signal (preset voltage) is input to the non-inverting input terminal (positive input terminal), thereby comparing the voltage magnitudes between the two input terminals. When the voltage signal output from the first switching transistor is less than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a high-level signal.

[0078] The comparator achieves its alarm triggering function through an electrical connection between its output and the input of the alarm. Furthermore, this connection can employ digital signal transmission, sending a trigger command to the alarm when the comparator outputs a high level. This interaction method allows the alarm to directly respond to the comparator's judgment result, activating either an audible and visual alarm or a digital signal output without intermediate conversion, thus achieving real-time fault indication. In one specific embodiment, the alarm can be a buzzer, whose audible characteristic ensures an immediate and perceptible warning signal when current is insufficient.

[0079] The comparator monitoring function can be correlated with the port output signal of the control unit to implement a conditional triggering mechanism. Furthermore, when the port output signal of the control unit is high, the comparator begins voltage monitoring; when the port output signal of the control unit is low, the comparator stops voltage monitoring. This enables autonomous fault monitoring of the current regulation device.

[0080] Optionally, the control unit may include one or more of the following components: a processor, a memory, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and communication interface are interconnected and perform communication with each other. The memory may store one or more computer programs, which may be configured to perform actions corresponding to the control unit's output signal adjustment operation when executed by one or more processors.

[0081] A processor may include one or more processing cores. The processor connects to various parts within the control unit using various interfaces and lines, and performs various functions and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets, or instruction sets stored in memory, and by calling data stored in memory. Optionally, the processor may be implemented using at least one of the following hardware forms: Digital Signal Processing (DSP), Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), and Programmable Logic Array (PLA). The processor may integrate one or more of the following: Central Processing Unit (CPU), Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), and modem. It is understood that the aforementioned modem may also be implemented separately as a communication chip, without being integrated into the processor.

[0082] The memory may include random access memory (RAM) or read-only memory (ROM). The memory can be used to store instructions, programs, code, code sets, or instruction sets. The memory may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store instructions for implementing an operating system, instructions for implementing at least one function (such as a combination mode determination function), and instructions for implementing the various embodiments described above. The data storage area may also store data created by the motherboard 150 during use.

[0083] It is understood that the control unit may include more or fewer structural elements than those shown in the block diagram above.

[0084] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions in other embodiments.

[0085] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units may be electrical or other forms.

[0086] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0087] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0088] The embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A current regulating device, characterized in that, The device includes a control unit and multiple adjustment modules. The input terminals of the multiple adjustment modules are connected to the output terminals of the sensor. The control terminal of each adjustment module is connected to a different port in the control unit. Each adjustment module contains a built-in resistor. The control unit is used to control the conduction or disconnection of the adjustment module corresponding to the adjustment port by adjusting the output signal of the adjustment port, thereby controlling the current magnitude at the output terminal of the sensor.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of adjustment modules includes a first input resistor, a first output resistor, and a first switching transistor, wherein, The first port of the first input resistor serves as the input terminal of each adjustment module, the second port of the first input resistor is connected to the input terminal of the first switching transistor, the output terminal of the first switching transistor is grounded, the control terminal of the first switching transistor is connected to the first port of the first output resistor, and the second port of the first output resistor serves as the control terminal of each adjustment module.

3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The device further includes a second input resistor, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the sensor, and the output terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the first switching transistor in any of the plurality of adjustment modules.

4. The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The control unit is specifically used for: When the output signal of the regulating port is high, the regulating module is turned on; When the output signal of the regulating port is set to a low level, the regulating module is disconnected.

5. The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The resistance values ​​of the first input resistors included in each of the plurality of adjustment modules are not the same.

6. The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first switching transistor is a bipolar transistor or a MOSFET.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of adjustment modules includes a first sub-adjustment module and a second sub-adjustment module. The first sub-adjustment module includes a third input resistor, a second output resistor, and a second switching transistor. The second adjustment module includes a third output resistor and a third switching transistor. The first port of the third input resistor serves as the input terminal of each adjustment module. The second port of the third input resistor is connected to the input terminal of the second switching transistor. The output terminals of the second and third switching transistors are grounded. The control terminal of the second switching transistor is connected to the first port of the second output resistor. The second port of the second output resistor is connected to the input terminal of the third switching transistor. The control terminal of the third switching transistor is connected to the first port of the third output resistor. The second port of the third output resistor serves as the control terminal of each adjustment module.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control unit is used to determine whether each of the plurality of adjustment modules is turned on or off according to the magnitude of the target current, so that the current value of the first combination of the multiple adjustment modules being turned on or off is the smallest difference from the target current among all the combinations of the multiple adjustment modules being turned on or off.

9. The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of adjustment modules further includes a light-emitting diode (LED), the first port of which is connected to the output terminal of the first switching transistor, and the second port of which is grounded.

10. The apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, Each of the plurality of adjustment modules further includes a comparator, the input terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the first switching transistor, and the output terminal of the comparator is connected to an alarm; wherein... When the control terminal of the first switching transistor is high, the comparator compares the voltage input at the input terminal with a preset voltage. When the voltage input at the input terminal is less than the preset voltage, the comparator outputs a control signal to control the alarm to sound.

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