Turbine rotor and turbine

Abstract

The utility model relates to a turbine rotor and a turbine. The turbine rotor comprises a turbine shaft, a turbine disc and a connecting assembly, a connecting groove is formed in the first end face, in the axial direction, of the turbine shaft, and the turbine disc is arranged at the end, provided with the first end face, of the turbine shaft. The turbine disc comprises a disc body and a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft is arranged on the side, facing the turbine shaft, of the disc body, and the connecting shaft is inserted into the connecting groove. The connecting assembly is connected with the connecting shaft and the turbine shaft, and the connecting direction of the connecting assembly is perpendicular to the first end face. According to the turbine disc, the connecting groove is formed in the turbine shaft, the connecting shaft is arranged on one side of the disc body, and the connecting shaft is inserted into the connecting groove so that the turbine disc and the turbine shaft can be preliminarily connected and radially positioned. And the connecting shaft and the turbine shaft are further connected, fixed and axially positioned by arranging the connecting assembly. According to the connecting mode that the connecting shaft is inserted into the turbine shaft and the connecting assembly is axially arranged in a matched mode, the axial space of the turbine shaft cannot be occupied, and more space can be reserved for the peripheral face of the turbine shaft.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of turbine technology, and in particular to turbine rotors and turbines. Background Technology

[0002] A turbine is a power device that converts chemical energy into mechanical energy, driven by high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases. The turbine rotor consists of a turbine disk, a turbine shaft, and other components. The turbine disk and turbine shaft are generally manufactured separately and then assembled into a whole through connecting structures. The turbine rotor is responsible for transmitting mechanical work (i.e., torque) and contains high-temperature components, as well as components at room temperature or low temperature. It rotates at high speeds and requires high rotational precision. Therefore, the connection between the turbine disk and turbine shaft must meet requirements for rigidity, concentricity, and strength.

[0003] Commonly used disc-shaft connection methods include: flange type, locating pin type, and welding type. Flange type installation connects the flange at the end of the turbine shaft to the turbine disc using fasteners (such as bolts), with torque transmitted through the shear force of the fasteners. Flange type installation occupies a large axial distance, sometimes failing to meet the installation requirements of the turbine rotor. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a turbine rotor and turbine to address the problem that the flange occupies axial space and affects turbine assembly during turbine rotor installation.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a turbine rotor, comprising:

[0006] A turbine shaft, wherein a connecting groove is provided on a first end face along its axial direction;

[0007] A turbine disk is disposed at one end of the turbine shaft having the first end face; the turbine disk includes a disk body and a connecting shaft, the connecting shaft being disposed on the side of the disk body facing the turbine shaft, and the connecting shaft being inserted into the connecting groove; and

[0008] A connecting component connects the connecting shaft and the turbine shaft, and the connecting direction of the connecting component is perpendicular to the first end face.

[0009] In one embodiment, the connecting shaft is interference-fitted with the turbine shaft.

[0010] In one embodiment, the surface of the disk facing the turbine shaft abuts against the first end face of the turbine shaft.

[0011] In one embodiment, the connection component includes:

[0012] Multiple positioning pins are arranged at intervals around the axis of the connecting shaft; the disc body, the connecting shaft and the turbine shaft are respectively provided with multiple pin holes, and each positioning pin is connected to the corresponding pin hole.

[0013] In one embodiment, the locating pin connects a portion of the turbine shaft that is exposed within the connecting groove.

[0014] In one embodiment, the locating pin is interference-fitted into the pin hole.

[0015] In one embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the locating pin is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the pin hole is provided with a matching internal thread, and the locating pin is threadedly connected to the pin hole.

[0016] In one embodiment, the connection component further includes:

[0017] A fastener is coaxially arranged with the axis of the connecting shaft; the fastener is threadedly connected to the connecting shaft and the turbine shaft.

[0018] In one embodiment, the fastener includes a radially disposed baffle located on the side of the disc body opposite to the connecting shaft, for abutting the locating pin.

[0019] In one embodiment, the turbine shaft includes:

[0020] A shoulder, the shoulder having the first end face and having the connecting groove; and

[0021] A journal is connected to the end of the shoulder opposite to the connecting groove, and the diameter of the journal is smaller than the diameter of the shoulder.

[0022] Secondly, this application also provides a turbine, including the turbine rotor as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0023] The aforementioned turbine rotor initially connects and radially positions the turbine disk and turbine shaft by providing a connecting groove on the turbine shaft and a connecting shaft on one side of the turbine disk. A connecting assembly is then used to connect the connecting shaft and turbine shaft, further securing and axially positioning them. This connection method, where the connecting shaft is inserted into the turbine shaft and the connecting assembly is axially aligned, does not occupy the axial space of the turbine shaft, allowing for ample space on the outer circumference of the turbine shaft and enabling the turbine rotor to meet installation requirements in various environments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of a turbine rotor provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a turbine shaft provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the turbine disk provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a turbine rotor provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at point AA;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fastener provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 1. Turbine shaft; 101. First end face; 102. Second end face; 103. First locating surface; 11. Shoulder; 111. Connecting groove; 112. Pin hole; 12. Journal;

[0032] 2. Turbine disk; 201. Third end face; 202. Fourth end face; 203. Second positioning surface; 21. Disk body; 22. Connecting shaft; 221. Threaded hole;

[0033] 3. Connecting components; 31. Locating pin; 32. Fastener; 321. Baffle; 322. Screw head; 323. Stud;

[0034] 4. Bearings. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0037] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0038] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0041] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 An exploded view of a turbine rotor provided in one embodiment of this application is shown. This embodiment of the application provides a turbine rotor including a turbine shaft 1, a turbine disk 2, and a connecting assembly 3. A connecting groove 111 is provided on a first end face 101 along the axial direction of the turbine shaft 1. The turbine disk 2 is disposed at one end of the turbine shaft 1 having the first end face 101. The turbine disk 2 includes a disk body 21 and a connecting shaft 22. The connecting shaft 22 is disposed on the side of the disk body 21 facing the turbine shaft 1 and is inserted into the connecting groove 111. The connecting assembly 3 connects the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1, and the connecting direction of the connecting assembly 3 is perpendicular to the first end face 101. That is, the connecting assembly 3 extends along the axial direction of the turbine shaft 1 or extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the turbine shaft 1.

[0042] The turbine rotor provided in this application embodiment uses a connecting groove 111 on the turbine shaft 1 and a connecting shaft 22 on one side of the disk body 21 of the turbine disk 2. The connecting shaft 22 is inserted into the connecting groove 111 to initially connect and radially position the turbine disk 2 and the turbine shaft 1. A connecting assembly 3 is then used to connect the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1, further connecting, fixing, and axially positioning them. This connection method, where the connecting shaft 22 is inserted into the turbine shaft 1 and the connecting assembly 3 is axially aligned, does not occupy the axial space of the turbine shaft 1, allowing for more space on the outer circumference of the turbine shaft 1 and enabling the turbine rotor to meet installation requirements in various installation environments.

[0043] Specifically, the turbine shaft 1 and turbine disk 2 are coaxially arranged, the connecting groove 111 is a circular groove, and the connecting shaft 22 is correspondingly cylindrical. The outer diameter D2 of the connecting shaft 22 is slightly larger than the inner diameter of the connecting groove 111 to achieve an interference fit. The coaxial arrangement of the connecting shaft 22 and the disk body 21 ensures that the turbine shaft 1, connecting shaft 22, and disk body 21 are all coaxial, thereby enabling the turbine rotor to have good dynamic balance.

[0044] In some embodiments, the turbine shaft 1 includes a shoulder 11 and a journal 12. The shoulder 11 has a first end face 101 and a connecting groove 111. The journal 12 is connected to the end of the shoulder 11 opposite to the connecting groove 111, and the diameter of the journal 12 is smaller than the diameter D1 of the shoulder 11. By providing the connecting groove 111 on the shoulder 11, the shoulder 11 is axially inserted into the turbine disk 2, and the connecting assembly 3 is axially positioned to connect the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1. This frees up the outer peripheral surface space of the shoulder 11, which can be used to install mechanical structures such as seals. Moreover, it is beneficial to shorten the distance between the journal 12 and the disk 21, thereby improving the critical speed of the turbine rotor.

[0045] Optionally, the turbine rotor also includes a bearing 4, which is fitted onto the journal 12 and abuts against the shoulder 11. A smaller distance L can be achieved between the bearing 4 and the disc 21, which helps to improve the dynamic characteristics of the turbine rotor.

[0046] Specifically, the end face of the shoulder 11 facing the journal 12 is the second end face 102. When the bearing 4 is assembled, it abuts against the second end face 102 to axially position the bearing 4 through the second end face 102.

[0047] In some embodiments, the connecting shaft 22 is interference-fitted with the turbine shaft 1. During assembly, an artificial temperature difference is applied to the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1 to create a clearance fit. After assembly, the temperature is restored to an isothermal state, resulting in an interference fit between the two. This interference fit forms a rigid connection, ensuring extremely high concentricity between the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1, adapting to high-speed operating conditions; it also uses friction to resist the axial force from the turbine disk 2, reducing the load on the connecting assembly 3.

[0048] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a turbine shaft provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the turbine disk structure provided in one embodiment of this application. Specifically, the inner wall surface of the connecting groove 111 along the axial direction of the turbine shaft 1 forms a first positioning surface 103, and the outer peripheral surface of the connecting shaft 22 along its axial direction forms a second positioning surface 203. When the connecting shaft 22 is interference-fitted into the connecting groove 111, there is a large frictional force between the first positioning surface 103 and the second positioning surface 203 to resist the axial movement of the connecting shaft 22 relative to the turbine shaft 1.

[0049] Please refer to the following: Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of a turbine rotor provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at point AA.

[0050] In some embodiments, the surface of the disk 21 facing the turbine shaft 1 abuts against the first end face 101 of the turbine shaft 1. The abutment between the third end face 201 and the first end face 101 helps to improve the robustness of the connection between the turbine disk 2 and the turbine shaft 1 and the axial positioning accuracy.

[0051] Optionally, combined Figure 3 and Figure 5 The end face of the connecting shaft 22 facing away from the disk body 21 is the fourth end face 202. A gap δ is provided between the fourth end face 202 and the bottom plate of the connecting groove 111 so as to facilitate the third end face 201 and the first end face 101 to maintain contact.

[0052] Please return to the reference. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the connecting component 3 includes multiple positioning pins 31, which are spaced apart around the axis of the connecting shaft 22. The disk body 21, the connecting shaft 22, and the turbine shaft 1 are each provided with multiple pin holes 112, and each positioning pin 31 is connected to a corresponding pin hole 112. By providing multiple circumferentially spaced positioning pins 31, the turbine shaft 1 and the turbine disk 2 are radially positioned. Furthermore, the positioning pins 31 have a large bearing area, improving shear resistance. Simultaneously, the axial machining of the pin holes 112 is easier than machining on the circumferential surface when radially positioned, making it easier to achieve higher machining accuracy.

[0053] Optionally, since the pin hole 112 passes through the disk body 21, the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1, when machining the pin hole 112, the turbine disk 2 and the turbine shaft 1 can be assembled as a whole first, and then the pin hole 112 can be machined as a whole. This machining method is conducive to the precise alignment of the pin hole 112 in the turbine disk 2 and the turbine shaft 1.

[0054] In some embodiments, a portion of the locating pin 31 connected to the turbine shaft 1 is exposed within the connecting groove 111. That is, the pin hole 112 on the turbine shaft 1 is set as a half-hole, with part of it located within the connecting groove 111. This arrangement has a relatively small impact on the radial limiting effect of the locating pin 31 and can save the area occupied by the pin hole 112 on the shaft shoulder 11, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural strength of the shaft shoulder 11.

[0055] In some embodiments, the locating pin 31 is interference-fitted into the pin hole 112 to ensure that the locating pin 31 is securely installed in the pin hole 112, which helps to improve positioning accuracy. During assembly, the aforementioned temperature difference method can be used to make the diameter of the locating pin 31 smaller than that of the pin hole 112. After assembly, the two are restored to an isothermal state, achieving an interference fit.

[0056] In some embodiments, the outer peripheral surface of the positioning pin 31 is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the pin hole 112 is provided with a matching internal thread. The positioning pin 31 is threaded into the pin hole 112 so that the positioning pin 31 is firmly installed in the pin hole 112, thereby achieving the purpose of firmly connecting the turbine disk 2 and the turbine shaft 1.

[0057] In some other embodiments, the locating pin 31 may not have external threads and may instead have a smooth outer circumferential surface. In this case, additional fasteners are required to further connect and secure the turbine disk 2 and the turbine shaft 1.

[0058] For details, please continue reading Figure 1 The connecting assembly 3 also includes a fastener 32, which is coaxial with the axis of the connecting shaft 22 and threadedly connects the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1. Multiple locating pins 31 are arranged in a ring at uniform intervals around the fastener 32. By screwing the fastener 32 into the turbine disk 2 and the turbine shaft 1, and applying a tightening torque to lock the turbine disk 2 and turbine shaft 1, the fastener 32 can withstand a portion of the axial force from the turbine disk 2.

[0059] Optionally, combined Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the turbine disk 2 is provided with a threaded hole 221 that passes through the disk body 21 and the connecting shaft 22, and a threaded hole 221 is also provided on the bottom plate of the connecting groove 111. The fastener 32 is screwed into the threaded holes 221 on the disk body 21, the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1 in sequence to realize the threaded connection and fixation of the connecting shaft 22 and the turbine shaft 1.

[0060] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fastener 32 provided in one embodiment of this application. Optionally, the fastener 32 includes a radially disposed baffle 321, which is located on the side of the disc 21 opposite to the connecting shaft 22, and is used to abut against the positioning pin 31 to prevent the positioning pin 31 from falling out of the pin hole 112.

[0061] Specifically, the fastener 32 is a bolt, including a stud 323 and a head 322. A baffle 321 is located at the end of the head 322 near the stud 323. After the stud 323 is screwed into the turbine disk 2 and the connecting shaft 22, the baffle 321 abuts against the locating pin 31. Optionally, the head 322 is a hexagonal post to facilitate the tightening operation.

[0062] This application also provides a turbine, including the turbine rotor as described in any of the above embodiments. Other components of the turbine besides the turbine rotor can employ conventional structures, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0063] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0064] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A turbine rotor, characterized in that, include: A turbine shaft (1) is provided with a connecting groove (111) on its first end face (101) along its axial direction. A turbine disk (2) is disposed at one end of the turbine shaft (1) having the first end face (101); the turbine disk (2) includes a disk body (21) and a connecting shaft (22), the connecting shaft (22) is disposed on the side of the disk body (21) facing the turbine shaft (1), and the connecting shaft (22) is inserted into the connecting groove (111); as well as A connecting component (3) connects the connecting shaft (22) and the turbine shaft (1), and the connecting direction of the connecting component (3) is perpendicular to the first end face (101).

2. The turbine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting shaft (22) is interference-fitted with the turbine shaft (1).

3. The turbine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the disk (21) facing the turbine shaft (1) abuts against the first end face (101) of the turbine shaft (1).

4. The turbine rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection component (3) includes: Multiple positioning pins (31) are arranged at intervals around the axis of the connecting shaft (22); the disc body (21), the connecting shaft (22) and the turbine shaft (1) are respectively provided with multiple pin holes (112), and each positioning pin (31) is correspondingly connected to the pin hole (112).

5. The turbine rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The locating pin (31) connects to a portion of the turbine shaft (1) which is exposed within the connecting groove (111).

6. The turbine rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning pin (31) is interference-fitted into the pin hole (112).

7. The turbine rotor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the positioning pin (31) is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the pin hole (112) is provided with a matching internal thread. The positioning pin (31) is threaded into the pin hole (112).

8. The turbine rotor according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The connection component (3) further includes: Fastener (32) is coaxial with the axis of the connecting shaft (22); the fastener (32) is threaded to the connecting shaft (22) and the turbine shaft (1); The fastener (32) includes a radially arranged baffle (321) located on the side of the disc body (21) away from the connecting shaft (22) and used to abut the positioning pin (31).

9. The turbine rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The turbine shaft (1) includes: Shoulder (11), the shoulder (11) having the first end face (101) and being provided with the connecting groove (111); and A journal (12) is connected to the end of the shoulder (11) opposite to the connecting groove (111), and the diameter of the journal (12) is smaller than the diameter of the shoulder (11).

10. A turbine, characterized in that, Including the turbine rotor as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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