Shell-and-tube heat exchanger guide structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger guiding structure which comprises a shell, a heat exchange tube bundle located in the shell and two tube plates arranged at the two ends of the heat exchange tube bundle, a supporting beam is arranged between the two tube plates in the axial direction of the shell, and the bottom face of the supporting beam is provided with an arc face matched with the inner wall of the shell in shape. A guide sliding groove is formed in the arc face and the outer edge of the tube plate in the axial direction in a coherent mode, a sliding block matched with the guide sliding groove is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, a detachable guide assembly is arranged at one end of the shell, and the guide assembly comprises a mounting base connected with the shell and a guide wheel rotationally arranged on the mounting base. And the guide wheels are in rolling contact with the guide chutes. According to the utility model, the tube bundle can be axially guided when the whole tube bundle is pushed into the shell, the alignment deviation of the tube plate and the shell flange is reduced, the precision requirement on a traction device is reduced, the tube bundle is supported, and the possibility of flexural deformation of the tube bundle is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, specifically to a guide structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are widely used heat exchange devices in the industrial field. Their core structure uses the wall surface of a bundle of tubes within a closed shell as the heat transfer interface, achieving heat transfer between hot and cold fluids through indirect heat exchange. Due to their advantages such as simple structure, low manufacturing cost, wide flow cross-section, and ease of cleaning and maintenance, these devices have become standard equipment in the petrochemical, energy, and power industries.

[0003] The assembly process of traditional shell-and-tube heat exchangers is mainly divided into two categories: First, the tube sheet is directly welded to the inner wall of the shell and then the heat exchange tubes are installed one by one. This method requires the precise alignment of a large number of heat exchange tubes in a narrow space, which is inefficient and prone to tube hole misalignment due to tube sheet welding deformation. Second, the heat exchange tubes and tube sheet are pre-assembled into a tube bundle outside the shell and then pushed into the shell to complete the installation.

[0004] When the tube bundle is pushed in as a whole, it is prone to displacement due to the lack of axial guidance, resulting in misalignment between the tube sheet and the shell flange, which affects the sealing performance of the subsequent head installation. Therefore, it is highly dependent on the precise control of the traction device to push the whole bundle. Furthermore, since the thrust is borne only by the end tube sheets, the middle of the tube bundle is prone to bending deformation due to the lack of effective support, which in turn causes misalignment and friction between the heat exchange tubes and the baffle holes, resulting in fretting wear or even tube wall rupture. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a guide structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which can guide the tube bundle axially when it is pushed into the shell as a whole, reduce the misalignment between the tube sheet and the shell flange, reduce the accuracy requirements of the traction device, and support the tube bundle to reduce the possibility of bending deformation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: a shell-and-tube heat exchanger guide structure, comprising a shell, a heat exchange tube bundle located within the shell, and two tube sheets disposed at both ends of the heat exchange tube bundle. A support beam is disposed between the two tube sheets along the axial direction of the shell. The bottom surface of the support beam is provided with an arc surface adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the shell. A guide groove is provided axially through the arc surface and the outer edge of the tube sheet. A slider that cooperates with the guide groove is provided on the inner wall of the shell. A detachable guide assembly is provided at one end of the shell. The guide assembly includes a mounting base connected to the shell and a guide wheel rotatably disposed on the mounting base. The guide wheel forms rolling contact with the guide groove.

[0007] A further improvement of this utility model is that the width of the guide wheel is adapted to the width of the guide groove, and the rolling working surface of the guide wheel is in rolling contact with the bottom of the guide groove. The height difference between the top of the guide wheel and the upper surface of the mounting base is greater than the depth of the guide groove.

[0008] A further improvement of this utility model is that the mounting base is detachably connected to the flange at the end of the housing by bolts.

[0009] A further improvement of this utility model is that the heat exchange tube bundle includes several heat exchange tubes arranged along the axial direction of the shell, a tie rod is provided between the two tube sheets along the axial direction of the shell, a baffle assembly is provided on the heat exchange tube and slidably disposed on the tie rod, and a fixed-distance tube located between two adjacent baffles is sleeved on the tie rod.

[0010] A further improvement of this utility model is that the baffle assembly includes staggered bow-shaped baffles, with the lower end of the lower bow-shaped baffle having a positioning port that cooperates with the support beam.

[0011] A further improvement of this utility model is that the lower end of the mounting base is symmetrically provided with load-bearing rods, and the lower end of the load-bearing rods is threadedly connected to a leveling block that abuts against the ground.

[0012] A further improvement of this utility model is that the two ends of the housing are connected to end caps by flanges, and a bracket is provided on the outside of the housing.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] This invention, by setting up a support beam and a guide assembly, and through the cooperation of guide wheels and guide grooves, can axially guide the tube bundle when it is pushed into the housing as a whole, ensuring the precise alignment of the tube bundle during axial movement, reducing installation errors, lowering the precision requirements of the traction device, and supporting the tube bundle to reduce the possibility of bending deformation.

[0015] This invention transforms traditional sliding friction into rolling friction through the cooperation of guide grooves and guide wheels, significantly reducing movement resistance and wear between the tube bundle and the housing.

[0016] The guide assembly of this utility model is detachably fixed by the flange of the housing itself, which enables quick assembly and disassembly without changing the original structure of the housing. It can be disassembled after the tube bundle is installed, avoiding interference with the installation of the end cap and simplifying the installation process. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model (the guide component has been installed).

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model (the guide component has been removed).

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the heat exchange tube bundle structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the guide component structure of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a bottom view of the support beam structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a front sectional view of the tie rod structure of this utility model.

[0023] In the figure, 1-shell, 2-tube sheet, 3-support beam, 4-arc surface, 5-guide groove, 6-mounting base, 7-guide wheel, 8-bolt, 9-flange, 10-heat exchange tube, 11-tie rod, 12-spacer tube, 13-arc baffle, 14-positioning port, 15-load-bearing rod, 16-leveling block, 17-end, 18-bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1: Combination Figures 1-6 A shell-and-tube heat exchanger guiding structure includes a shell 1, a heat exchange tube bundle located within the shell 1, and two tube sheets 2 disposed at both ends of the heat exchange tube bundle. A support beam 3 is arranged axially between the two tube sheets 2 along the shell 1. The bottom surface of the support beam 3 has an arc surface 4 adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the shell 1. The arc surface 4 and the outer edge of the tube sheet 2 are axially connected by a guide groove 5. A slider that mates with the guide groove 5 is provided on the inner wall of the shell 1. A detachable guiding assembly is provided at one end of the shell 1. The guiding assembly includes a mounting base 6 connected to the shell 1 and a guide wheel 7 rotatably disposed on the mounting base 6. The guide wheel 7 forms a rolling contact with the guide groove 5. Preferably, the slider is fixedly disposed on the side of the shell 1 near the mounting base 6. During installation, after the tube bundle is initially positioned by the rolling engagement of the guide wheel 7 and the guide groove 5, it is pushed axially into the shell 1. After being pushed a certain distance, the limiting slider contacts the side wall of the guide groove 5, further limiting the radial displacement of the tube bundle and ensuring the axial movement accuracy.

[0026] The width of the guide wheel 7 matches the width of the guide groove 5, and the rolling working surface of the guide wheel 7 rolls in contact with the bottom of the guide groove 5. The height difference between the top of the guide wheel 7 and the upper surface of the mounting base 6 is greater than the depth of the guide groove 5. The guide wheel 7 guides the guide groove 5, avoiding the risk of jamming caused by deviation of the guide groove. The contact between the rolling working surface of the guide wheel 7 and the bottom of the groove reduces lateral swaying and improves guiding accuracy.

[0027] The mounting base 6 is detachably connected to the flange 9 at the end of the housing 1 by bolts 8. The mounting base 6 has at least two threaded holes that mate with the flange holes on the flange 9 of the housing 1 itself. After the bolts pass through the threaded holes and the flange 9, they are locked in place by nuts.

[0028] The heat exchange tube bundle includes several heat exchange tubes 10 arranged along the axial direction of the shell 1. A tie rod 11 is provided between the two tube sheets 2 along the axial direction of the shell. A baffle assembly is provided on the heat exchange tubes 10 and slidably mounted on the tie rod 11. A spacer tube 12 located between two adjacent baffles is sleeved on the tie rod 11.

[0029] The baffle assembly includes staggered bow-shaped baffles 13, with a positioning port 14 at the lower end of the lower bow-shaped baffle 13 that cooperates with the support beam 3.

[0030] The lower end of the mounting base 6 is symmetrically provided with load-bearing rods 15, and the lower end of the load-bearing rods 15 is threadedly connected to a leveling block 16 that abuts against the ground. The overall leveling of the equipment is achieved through threaded adjustment, eliminating the risk of shell deformation caused by uneven ground, and providing further support when the tube bundle is installed into the port of the shell 1.

[0031] The shell 1 is connected to end caps 17 at both ends by flanges 9, and a bracket 18 is installed on the outside of the shell 1. The bracket 18 distributes the weight of the shell 1 to the ground, reduces the stress load at the flange connection, and prevents structural deformation caused by long-term load.

[0032] The working principle of the guide structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0033] Before pushing the entire tube bundle into the housing 1, the mounting base 6 is first fixed by the flange 9 at one end of the housing 1, so that the guide wheel 7 and the slider inside the housing 1 are coaxial. Then, the traction device moves one end of the entire tube bundle to the port of the housing 1. The position of the entire tube bundle is adjusted so that the guide groove on its tube sheet 2 is aligned with the guide wheel 7. The rolling working surface of the guide wheel 7 contacts the bottom of the guide groove 5 to guide it, ensuring the precise alignment of the tube bundle during axial movement, reducing installation errors and lowering the precision requirements of the traction device. After the entire tube bundle is pushed in, the mounting base 6 is removed to avoid interference with the installation of the end cap 17.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A guide structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell (1), a heat exchange tube bundle located within the shell (1), and two tube sheets (2) disposed at both ends of the heat exchange tube bundle, characterized in that: A support beam (3) is provided between the two tube sheets (2) along the axial direction of the shell (1). The bottom surface of the support beam (3) is an arc surface (4) adapted to the shape of the inner wall of the shell (1). The arc surface (4) and the outer wall of the tube sheet (2) are connected along the axial direction by a guide groove (5). The inner wall of the shell (1) is provided with a slider that cooperates with the guide groove (5). A detachable guide assembly is provided at one end of the shell (1). The guide assembly includes a mounting base (6) connected to the shell (1) and a guide wheel (7) rotatably mounted on the mounting base (6). The guide wheel (7) forms a rolling contact with the guide groove (5).

2. The guiding structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the guide wheel (7) is adapted to the width of the guide groove (5), and the rolling working surface of the guide wheel (7) rolls in contact with the bottom of the guide groove (5). The height difference between the top of the guide wheel (7) and the upper surface of the mounting base (6) is greater than the depth of the guide groove (5).

3. A guide structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The mounting base (6) is detachably connected to the flange (9) at the end of the housing (1) by bolts (8).

4. The guiding structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange tube bundle includes several heat exchange tubes (10) arranged axially along the shell (1). A tie rod (11) is provided between the two tube sheets (2) along the shell axially. A baffle assembly is provided on the heat exchange tube (10) and slidably disposed on the tie rod (11). A spacer tube (12) located between two adjacent baffles is sleeved on the tie rod (11).

5. The guiding structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The baffle assembly includes staggered bow-shaped baffles (13) arranged vertically, with the lower end of the bow-shaped baffle (13) having a positioning port (14) that cooperates with the support beam (3).

6. The guiding structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the mounting base (6) is symmetrically provided with load-bearing rods (15), and the lower end of the load-bearing rods (15) is threadedly connected to a leveling block (16) that abuts against the ground.

7. The guiding structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (1) has end caps (17) connected to both ends by flanges (9), and a bracket (18) is provided on the outside of the shell (1).

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