Battery management system and energy storage device

Abstract

The utility model provides a battery management system and an energy storage device, and relates to the technical field of energy storage management, and the system comprises a display control module, a master control module, a slave control module and a cell integrated management module. The battery cell integrated management module comprises a communication sub-module, a multi-dimensional sensing acquisition sub-module and a control sub-module; the master control module is electrically connected with the display control module and the slave control module. The control sub-module is in communication connection with the communication sub-module and the multi-dimensional sensing acquisition sub-module. And the communication sub-module is also electrically connected with the slave control module. According to the battery cell monitoring system, multiple parameters of the battery cell are acquired through the multi-dimensional sensing acquisition sub-module, and multi-layer management is performed through the display control module, the master control module, the slave control module and the battery cell integrated management module, so that multi-dimensional monitoring of the battery cell is realized, and the safety of the battery cell is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy storage management technology, and more specifically, to a battery management system and an energy storage device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing technical solutions typically employ a three-tiered battery management system architecture: a master controller, a slave controller, and a control unit. However, this three-tiered architecture suffers from the following technical shortcomings: data acquisition is limited to a single dimension; the battery management system only collects voltage and temperature parameters from a subset of individual battery cells. This single-dimensional data acquisition method makes it difficult to achieve accurate monitoring of the cell's condition. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a battery management system and energy storage device.

[0004] This utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a battery management system, the system comprising: a display and control module, a master control module, a slave control module, and a cell integration management module; the cell integration management module includes a communication submodule, a multi-dimensional sensing and acquisition submodule, and a control submodule; the master control module is electrically connected to the display and control module and the slave control module respectively; the control submodule is communicatively connected to the communication submodule and the multi-dimensional sensing and acquisition submodule respectively; the communication submodule is also electrically connected to the slave control module.

[0006] In one embodiment, the multidimensional sensing acquisition submodule includes: a temperature sensing unit, a voltage sensing unit, an impedance sensing unit, a pressure sensing unit, and a strain sensing unit; the control submodule is communicatively connected to the temperature sensing unit, the voltage sensing unit, the impedance sensing unit, the pressure sensing unit, and the strain sensing unit, respectively.

[0007] In one embodiment, the battery cell integrated management module further includes: a data acquisition substrate, on which the temperature sensing unit, the voltage sensing unit, the impedance sensing unit, the air pressure sensing unit, the strain sensing unit, the communication submodule, and the control submodule are integrated.

[0008] In one embodiment, the master control module is electrically connected to at least one of the slave control modules;

[0009] Each of the slave control modules is electrically connected to at least one of the corresponding battery cell integrated management modules.

[0010] In one embodiment, each of the battery cell integrated management modules is disposed on the corresponding battery cell.

[0011] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a water chiller, a dehumidifier, and a combustible gas detection device;

[0012] The display and control module is electrically connected to the water chiller, the dehumidifier, and the combustible gas detection device, respectively.

[0013] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a switch, an energy storage converter, and an energy management module;

[0014] The switch is electrically connected to the display and control module, the energy management module, and the energy storage converter, respectively.

[0015] The energy storage converter is also electrically connected to the display and control module.

[0016] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a metering meter, a backflow prevention meter, and a gate meter;

[0017] The energy management module is communicatively connected to the metering meter, the anti-backflow meter, and the gate meter, respectively.

[0018] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a station control layer;

[0019] The station control layer is communicatively connected to the energy management module and the switch, respectively.

[0020] Secondly, this utility model provides an energy storage device, which includes the battery management system provided in the first aspect.

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model have the following advantages:

[0022] This application provides a battery management system and energy storage device. The system includes a display and control module, a master control module, a slave control module, and a cell integrated management module. The cell integrated management module includes a communication submodule, a multi-dimensional sensing and acquisition submodule, and a control submodule. The master control module is electrically connected to both the display and control module and the slave control module. The control submodule is communicatively connected to both the communication submodule and the multi-dimensional sensing and acquisition submodule. The communication submodule is also electrically connected to the slave control module. This application acquires multiple parameters of the cell through the multi-dimensional sensing and acquisition submodule and performs multi-layer management through the display and control module, master control module, slave control module, and cell integrated management module to achieve multi-dimensional monitoring of the cell and comprehensively obtain various aspects of the cell's status.

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 2 This is another schematic diagram of the battery management system provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0027] Figure 3 This is another schematic diagram of the battery management system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Specific component symbol explanation:

[0029] Icons: 101-Display and Control Module; 102-Main Control Module; 103-Slave Control Module; 104-Battery Cell Integrated Management Module; 105-Switch; 106-Energy Storage Converter; 107-Station Control Layer; 108-Energy Management Module; 109-Meter; 110-Anti-Backflow Meter; 111-Gateway Meter; 112-Water Chiller; 113-Dehumidifier; 114-Combustible Gas Detection Device; 1041-Multi-Dimensional Sensing Acquisition Submodule; 1042-Control Submodule; 1043-Communication Submodule; 10411-Temperature Sensing Unit; 10412-Voltage Sensing Unit; 10413-Impedance Sensing Unit; 10414-Air Pressure Sensing Unit; 10415-Strain Sensing Unit. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be further described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0031] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0033] Existing three-level battery management systems have several limitations, including: they only collect voltage and temperature parameters from a subset of individual cells, resulting in a limited data dimension and difficulty in comprehensively and accurately monitoring the actual state of the cells. Due to the limited dimensions of the collected cell parameters, the calculated state of charge, state of power, and state of health indicators have significant errors. These errors accumulate and become increasingly significant as the number of charge-discharge cycles increases, especially towards the end of the battery's lifespan, requiring frequent manual corrections. Therefore, this application proposes a battery management system that effectively solves these problems by collecting multi-dimensional cell parameters and accurately and comprehensively analyzing the various aspects of each cell's state.

[0034] Figure 1 The present application provides a structural diagram of a battery management system, which includes a display and control module 101, a main control module 102, a slave control module 103, and a cell integration management module 104. The cell integration management module 104 includes a communication submodule 1043, a multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041, and a control submodule 1042. The main control module 102 is electrically connected to the display and control module 101 and the slave control module 103, respectively. The control submodule 1042 is communicatively connected to the communication submodule 1043 and the multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041, respectively. The communication submodule 1043 is also electrically connected to the slave control module 103.

[0035] In this embodiment, the display and control module 101 is a battery system management unit (BSMU), the main control module 102 is a battery control unit (BCU), and the slave control module 103 is a battery management unit (BMU).

[0036] It should be noted that the multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041 of the battery cell integrated management module 104 collects multi-dimensional parameters of the battery cell, and the control submodule 1042 acquires and analyzes the collected battery cell parameters, sending control signals to the communication submodule 1043. The communication submodule 1043 then sends the various battery cell parameters to the slave control module 103 according to the control signals. The slave control module 103 sends the acquired battery cell parameters to the master control module 102 via CAN bus or daisy chain. The master control module 102 performs multi-dimensional analysis on the various battery cell parameters and sends the multi-dimensional analysis results and the various battery cell parameters to the display and control module 101 via CAN bus or Ethernet.

[0037] This application constructs a four-level battery management system architecture to monitor multiple parameters of each battery cell from multiple dimensions, thereby improving the accuracy of battery cell performance monitoring, providing accurate data support for battery management, enabling timely battery safety warnings, preventing abnormal battery phenomena, and further optimizing battery performance and extending battery life.

[0038] In one implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the multidimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041 includes: a temperature sensing unit 10411, a voltage sensing unit 10412, an impedance sensing unit 10413, a pressure sensing unit 10414, and a strain sensing unit 10415; the control submodule 1042 is communicatively connected to the temperature sensing unit 10411, the voltage sensing unit 10412, the impedance sensing unit 10413, the pressure sensing unit 10414, and the strain sensing unit 10415, respectively.

[0039] In this embodiment, the temperature sensing unit 10411 includes a temperature sensor to acquire the temperature parameters of the battery cell. The voltage sensing unit 10412 includes a voltage sensor to acquire the voltage parameters of the battery cell. The impedance sensing unit 10413 is used to acquire the electrochemical impedance spectrum of the battery cell. Specifically, by applying a small-amplitude AC signal to the battery cell and measuring the response of the battery cell, an electrochemical impedance spectrum is obtained. The pressure sensing unit 10414 includes a first strain gauge to acquire pressure values ​​and outputs an analog or digital signal to the control submodule 1042. The control submodule 1042 acquires the pressure values ​​based on the analog or digital signal or the strain gauge deformation. The strain sensing unit 10415 includes a second strain gauge to acquire strain values ​​and outputs an analog or digital signal to the control submodule 1042. The control submodule 1042 acquires the strain values ​​based on the analog or digital signal or the strain gauge deformation.

[0040] It should be noted that the impedance sensing unit detects the battery's internal resistance to prevent it from increasing due to aging. The impedance sensing unit identifies changes in the cell's internal resistance in advance and calibrates the cell's health status display based on the specific change in internal resistance, issuing an alarm when an abnormal health status occurs. The pressure sensing unit detects changes in the cell's internal pressure caused by improper use, cell quality defects, or abnormal electrochemical reactions. The pressure sensing unit effectively detects these changes and implements protection measures to prevent further cell failures, providing timely warnings when a cell malfunctions.

[0041] To further explain, the strain sensing unit detects whether the cell expands due to external impacts, overcharging, over-discharging, or electrochemical reactions at the end of its lifespan. It protects the cell in time to prevent further malfunctions and provides timely warnings when a malfunction occurs. Based on the specific expansion value, it can calibrate the cell's health status. The voltage sensing unit provides overcharge and over-discharge protection and performs differential voltage calculations. The temperature sensing unit detects whether the battery system suffers from thermal abuse, improper use, or malfunctions in the temperature control system (water chiller). When the actual operating temperature of the cell exceeds the maximum or minimum operating range set by the energy storage system due to these conditions, the temperature sensing unit effectively detects the battery system, provides timely warnings when a malfunction occurs, and calculates the temperature difference of the battery system.

[0042] It should be understood that by monitoring parameters such as voltage, temperature, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, gas pressure, and strain of each battery cell in multiple dimensions, timely battery safety warnings can be issued to prevent abnormal phenomena, and battery performance can be further optimized to extend battery life.

[0043] In one embodiment, the battery cell integrated management module 104 is a data acquisition substrate, on which a temperature sensing unit 10411, a voltage sensing unit 10412, an impedance sensing unit 10413, a pressure sensing unit 10414, a strain sensing unit 10415, a communication submodule 1043, and a control submodule 1042 are integrated.

[0044] It should be noted that multiple parameters of the battery cell are obtained by the sensing units of the substrate, the control submodule 1042 manages and analyzes the parameters, and the communication submodule 1043 sends the parameters to the slave control module 103 via wireless communication.

[0045] Furthermore, by comprehensively testing multiple parameters of the battery cell, the battery cell can be monitored from multiple dimensions, potential faults can be detected in advance, warning signals can be issued, and it can be ensured that each battery cell can work in the best condition, thereby improving the overall performance of the battery pack.

[0046] In one embodiment, each cell integration management module 104 is disposed on the corresponding cell.

[0047] In this embodiment, the nickel sheet on the acquisition substrate is welded to the cell terminal to achieve fixed installation and non-removable installation. Each cell is fixedly installed with a cell integrated management module 104 to realize the monitoring of multi-dimensional parameters of each cell.

[0048] In one embodiment, the master control module 102 is electrically connected to at least one slave control module 103; each slave control module 103 is electrically connected to at least one corresponding battery cell integrated management module 104.

[0049] In one implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the battery management system also includes: a switch 105, an energy storage converter 106, and an energy management module 108; the switch 105 is electrically connected to the display and control module 101, the energy management module 108, and the energy storage converter 106 respectively; the energy storage converter 106 is also electrically connected to the display and control module 101.

[0050] It should be noted that the display and control module 101 sends cell-related parameters to the switch 105 via Ethernet, and the switch 105 sends the cell-related parameters to the energy management module 108 via Ethernet. The energy management module 108 includes an Energy Management System (EMS). The energy management module 108 performs multi-dimensional data analysis on each cell to identify the characteristics of parameter changes and predict cell trends. Based on the data analysis results, the energy management module 108 sends control commands to the energy storage converter 106 and the display and control module 101, achieving coordinated control of the entire system architecture.

[0051] Furthermore, if an abnormal situation such as overcharging or overheating of the battery cell is detected, the slave control module 103 can communicate with the fire protection system via the CAN bus or other communication methods to further ensure the safety of the battery cell.

[0052] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes a water chiller 112, a dehumidifier 113, and a combustible gas detection device 114; the display and control module 101 is electrically connected to the water chiller 112, the dehumidifier 113, and the combustible gas detection device 114 respectively.

[0053] It should be noted that the water chiller 112 is used to cool the battery pack and control its temperature rise during charging and discharging; the dehumidifier 113 is used to prevent short circuits or leakage caused by condensation in the energy storage battery container or cabinet; when the battery experiences thermal runaway, it releases flammable gases such as hydrogen, CO, and other hydrocarbons, and the flammable gas detector is used to monitor these flammable gases. The display and control module 101 communicates with the water chiller 112, the dehumidifier 113, and the flammable gas detection device 114 via the RS485 communication protocol.

[0054] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a metering meter 109, a reverse current protection meter 110, and a gate meter 111; the energy management module 108 is communicatively connected to the metering meter 109, the reverse current protection meter 110, and the gate meter 111, respectively.

[0055] In this embodiment, the meter is used to record the charge and discharge quantities, and the anti-reverse flow meter is used to detect the current direction and prevent the current from flowing in the opposite direction. The gate meter 111 is the master meter. There may be multiple battery cabinets connected in parallel to form an energy storage station. Each battery cabinet is equipped with a meter 109. In this case, the parallel main circuit needs a gate meter 111 to count all charge and discharge quantities.

[0056] It should be noted that the energy management module 108 can interact with all meters via RS485 communication to obtain real-time power consumption data.

[0057] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes a station control layer 107; the station control layer 107 is communicatively connected to the energy management module 108 and the switch 105.

[0058] In this embodiment, the station control layer 107 is used to send data such as cell data and power level of the battery management system to the user, so that the user can perform remote detection.

[0059] It should be noted that the cell parameters of the cell acquisition substrate are collected by the slave control module 103 and then transmitted to the master control module 102 for processing via CAN or daisy-chain communication. The master control module 102 analyzes the cell parameters and controls the high-voltage box to perform high-voltage circuit disconnection control.

[0060] The display and control module 101 displays the status of each main control module 102. Simultaneously, it monitors alarm statuses and environmental conditions of the entire energy storage container or cabinet, enabling centralized data display and the issuance of charging and discharging commands. The display and control module 101 uploads data to the energy management module 108 via fiber optic cable or network cable. The energy management module 108 then issues charging and discharging commands to the energy storage converter 106 and the display and control module 101, coordinating their operation. Furthermore, the display and control module 101 communicates with the energy storage converter 106 via CAN, Ethernet, and dry contacts. When the battery management system alarms, it triggers the energy storage converter 106 to stop power or disconnect the high-voltage main circuit, and monitors data such as the total voltage and current of the battery container.

[0061] This application acquires multiple parameters of the battery cell through a multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041, and performs multi-layer management through a display and control module 101, a master control module 102, a slave control module 103, and a battery cell integrated management module 104, thereby realizing multi-dimensional monitoring of the battery cell and improving the safety of the battery cell.

[0062] This embodiment provides an energy storage device, including the battery management system described above. The system includes: a display and control module 101, a main control module 102, a slave control module 103, and a cell integration management module 104. The cell integration management module 104 includes a communication submodule 1043, a multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041, and a control submodule 1042. The main control module 102 is electrically connected to the display and control module 101 and the slave control module 103. The control submodule 1042 is communicatively connected to the communication submodule 1043 and the multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041. The communication submodule 1043 is also electrically connected to the slave control module 103.

[0063] It should be noted that the energy storage device can be an energy storage container or an energy storage cabinet.

[0064] In one embodiment, the multidimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041 includes: a temperature sensing unit 10411, a voltage sensing unit 10412, an impedance sensing unit 10413, a pressure sensing unit 10414, and a strain sensing unit 10415; the control submodule 1042 is communicatively connected to the temperature sensing unit 10411, the voltage sensing unit 10412, the impedance sensing unit 10413, the pressure sensing unit 10414, and the strain sensing unit 10415, respectively.

[0065] In one embodiment, the battery cell integrated management module 104 further includes: a data acquisition substrate, on which a temperature sensing unit 10411, a voltage sensing unit 10412, an impedance sensing unit 10413, a pressure sensing unit 10414, a strain sensing unit 10415, a communication submodule 1043, and a control submodule 1042 are integrated.

[0066] In one embodiment, the master control module 102 is electrically connected to at least one slave control module 103; each slave control module 103 is electrically connected to at least one corresponding battery cell integrated management module 104.

[0067] In one embodiment, each cell integration management module 104 is disposed on the corresponding cell.

[0068] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes a water chiller 112, a dehumidifier 113, and a combustible gas detection device 114; the display and control module 101 is electrically connected to the water chiller 112, the dehumidifier 113, and the combustible gas detection device 114 respectively.

[0069] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a switch 105, an energy storage converter 106, and an energy management module 108; the switch 105 is electrically connected to the display and control module 101, the energy management module 108, and the energy storage converter 106, respectively; the energy storage converter 106 is also electrically connected to the display and control module 101.

[0070] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes: a metering meter 109, a reverse current protection meter 110, and a gate meter 111; the energy management module 108 is communicatively connected to the metering meter 109, the reverse current protection meter 110, and the gate meter 111, respectively.

[0071] In one embodiment, the battery management system further includes a station control layer 107; the station control layer 107 is communicatively connected to the energy management module 108 and the switch 105.

[0072] This application provides a battery management system and energy storage device. The system includes a display and control module 101, a main control module 102, a slave control module 103, and a cell integrated management module 104. The cell integrated management module 104 includes a communication submodule 1043, a multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041, and a control submodule 1042. The main control module 102 is electrically connected to the display and control module 101 and the slave control module 103. The control submodule 1042 is communicatively connected to the communication submodule 1043 and the multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041. The communication submodule 1043 is also electrically connected to the slave control module 103. This application acquires multiple parameters of the cell through the multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule 1041 and performs multi-layer management through the display and control module 101, the main control module 102, the slave control module 103, and the cell integrated management module 104, thereby achieving multi-dimensional monitoring of the cell and comprehensively acquiring various aspects of the cell's status.

[0073] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0074] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that, include: Display and control module, master control module, slave control module and battery cell integrated management module; The battery cell integrated management module includes a communication submodule, a multi-dimensional sensing acquisition submodule, and a control submodule; The main control module is electrically connected to the display control module and the slave control module respectively; The control submodule is communicatively connected to the communication submodule and the multidimensional sensing acquisition submodule, respectively. The communication submodule is also electrically connected to the slave control module.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multidimensional sensing and acquisition submodule includes: a temperature sensing unit, a voltage sensing unit, an impedance sensing unit, a pressure sensing unit, and a strain sensing unit. The control submodule is communicatively connected to the temperature sensing unit, the voltage sensing unit, the impedance sensing unit, the air pressure sensing unit, and the strain sensing unit, respectively.

3. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery cell integrated management module further includes: a data acquisition substrate, on which the temperature sensing unit, the voltage sensing unit, the impedance sensing unit, the air pressure sensing unit, the strain sensing unit, the communication submodule, and the control submodule are integrated.

4. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The master control module is electrically connected to at least one of the slave control modules; Each of the slave control modules is electrically connected to at least one of the corresponding battery cell integrated management modules.

5. The battery management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned cell integration management modules is installed on the corresponding cell.

6. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Water chillers, dehumidifiers, and combustible gas detection devices; The display and control module is electrically connected to the water chiller, the dehumidifier, and the combustible gas detection device, respectively.

7. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Switches, energy storage converters, and energy management modules; The switch is electrically connected to the display and control module, the energy management module, and the energy storage converter, respectively. The energy storage converter is also electrically connected to the display and control module.

8. The battery management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Metering meters, backflow prevention meters, and gate meters; The energy management module is communicatively connected to the metering meter, the anti-backflow meter, and the gate meter, respectively.

9. The battery management system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: Station control layer; The station control layer is communicatively connected to the energy management module and the switch, respectively.

10. An energy storage device, characterized in that, Includes the battery management system described in any one of claims 1-9.

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