Centrifugal spray head structure and desuperheater

Abstract

The centrifugal spray head structure comprises a base and a cover body, attemperation water sequentially passes through a first flow channel, a second flow channel and a diffusion cavity, and due to the fact that the width of the second end of a groove body is smaller than that of the first end of the groove body, the flow area of the second flow channel is continuously reduced. The flow speed of the desuperheating water in the second flow channel is gradually increased, and the inner diameter of the diffusion cavity is larger than that of the second end of the second flow channel, so that the pressure of the desuperheating water is suddenly reduced, the temperature change of the desuperheating water is small, the pressure is smaller than saturated vapor pressure of the desuperheating water, and the desuperheating water is converted into a mixed state of steam and small water drops from a liquid state. Meanwhile, due to the fact that the second flow channel is spiral, certain centrifugal force still exists when the desuperheating water is sprayed out of the diffusion cavity, spiral motion is still kept after the desuperheating water is sprayed out of the diffusion cavity, the atomized desuperheating water is evenly diffused all around, the atomized desuperheating water and superheated steam are fully mixed, the structure is simple, and the cooling effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of desuperheater technology, and in particular to centrifugal nozzle structure and desuperheater. Background Technology

[0002] The desuperheater needs to control the temperature reduction according to different steam temperature and pressure requirements.

[0003] A desuperheater typically includes a first pipe and a second pipe that passes through and extends into the first pipe. The first pipe has a first flow channel through which hot steam flows. One end of the second pipe, extending into the first pipe, is connected to an atomizing nozzle. The atomizing nozzle usually employs an atomizing plate or a jet atomizer; however, these types of nozzles produce mist with a small ejection angle and short distance. Superheated steam far from the atomizing nozzle has difficulty mixing with the atomized desuperheated water, resulting in large fluctuations in outlet steam temperature and pressure. This affects the operating efficiency of downstream equipment and reduces system stability and safety.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model discloses a centrifugal nozzle structure and a desuperheater.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A centrifugal nozzle structure includes: a base, the base comprising: a first flow channel located at the front end of the base; several grooves located at the rear end of the base, evenly spaced around the center of the first flow channel, the centerline of each groove being a curve, with the end of the curve closest to the center of the base as the first end, the first end of the groove connecting to the first flow channel, and the width of the second end of the groove being less than the width of the first end of the groove; a reference line connecting the first end of the centerline to the center of the base, the angle between the tangent of the centerline and the reference line gradually decreasing from the first end of the centerline; a diffuser cavity located on the outside of the base; and a cover fixedly disposed at the rear end of the base, forming a second flow channel with the grooves, the first end of the second flow channel connecting to the first flow channel, the second end of the second flow channel connecting to the diffuser cavity, and the inner diameter of the diffuser cavity being greater than the inner diameter of the second end of the second flow channel.

[0008] A further technical solution is that the centrifugal nozzle structure includes: an annular cavity, opened on the outer side between the base and the cover, with both ends connected to the second end of the diffusion cavity and the external space of the base respectively; the cover includes: a plurality of diffusion walls, evenly arranged around the center of the first flow channel, with positions corresponding to the outer side of the annular cavity, the inner front end connected to the outer side of the base, and the inner rear end connected to the outer side of the base; wherein, the projection of the diffusion cavity along its own axial direction is located on the corresponding diffusion wall.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the diffusion wall is integrally formed with the cover, and the inner front end of the diffusion wall is welded to the base.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the base is a disc, the first flow channel is opened at the center of the base, and the second flow channel is perpendicular to the first flow channel.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a connecting portion extends from the front end of the base.

[0012] This utility model also discloses a desuperheater, which includes: a first pipe having a third flow channel inside; a second pipe having a first end passing through the first pipe and extending into the third flow channel, having a fourth flow channel inside; a centrifugal nozzle structure, as described above, connected to the rear side of the first end of the second pipe, the front end of the first flow channel being connected to the second end of the fourth flow channel, and the diffusion cavity being connected to the third flow channel.

[0013] A further technical solution is that a threaded hole is opened on the rear side of the second end of the second pipe, and the connecting part is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the base and the cover are coaxially arranged with the first pipe.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are as follows:

[0016] (I) The centrifugal nozzle structure of this utility model embodiment includes a base and a cover. Desuperheating water flows sequentially through a first flow channel, a second flow channel, and a diffusion chamber. Since the width of the second end of the tank is smaller than the width of the first end, the flow area of ​​the second flow channel continuously decreases, causing the flow velocity of the desuperheating water to gradually increase. Furthermore, because the inner diameter of the diffusion chamber is larger than the inner diameter of the second end of the second flow channel, the pressure of the desuperheating water drops sharply, while the temperature change is minimal. At this point, the pressure is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the desuperheating water, causing the desuperheating water to transform from a liquid state into a mixture of steam and small water droplets. Simultaneously, because the second flow channel is spiral-shaped, the desuperheating water still exhibits a certain centrifugal force when it exits the diffusion chamber, maintaining a spiral motion after exiting the diffusion chamber. This achieves uniform diffusion of the atomized desuperheating water in all directions, ensuring thorough mixing of the atomized desuperheating water with the superheated steam. The structure is simple, and the cooling effect is good.

[0017] (ii) Furthermore, the centrifugal nozzle structure also includes an annular cavity. The cover also includes a diffuser wall. In the diffuser cavity, the desuperheating water is transformed from a liquid state into a mixture of steam and small water droplets. Since the projection of the diffuser cavity along its own axial direction is located on the corresponding diffuser wall, the mixed fluid continues to be sprayed outward and impacts the diffuser wall. The small water droplets impact and become even finer water droplets, ensuring that the desuperheating water is fully atomized, avoiding water accumulation in the pipeline, and improving equipment safety.

[0018] (III) Furthermore, by passing the first end of the second pipe through and extending into the first pipe, the centrifugal nozzle structure is installed on the rear side of the first end of the second pipe. Superheated steam is introduced into the third flow channel, and desuperheating water is introduced into the fourth flow channel. After being atomized by the centrifugal nozzle structure, the desuperheating water is sprayed out in an approximately fan shape along the radial direction of the base, allowing the atomized desuperheating water to distribute a larger cross-sectional area in the pipe. The superheated steam vertically impacts the atomized desuperheating water, resulting in more uniform mixing and better cooling effect. At the same time, the rear side of the first end of the second pipe is threaded to the front end of the centrifugal nozzle structure, making installation and disassembly convenient and replacement costs low. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the centrifugal nozzle structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view at AA.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a rear view of the centrifugal nozzle structure of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the desuperheater of this utility model.

[0023] In the picture:

[0024] 1. First pipe; 11. Third flow channel; 2. Second pipe; 21. Fourth flow channel; 22. Threaded hole; 3. Base; 31. First flow channel; 32. Second flow channel; 33. First groove; 34. Connecting part; 35. Diffusion cavity; 4. Cover; 41. Second groove; 42. Diffusion wall; 5. Annular cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the device proposed by this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of this utility model will become clearer according to the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, only used to conveniently and clearly assist in illustrating the purpose of the embodiments of this utility model. Please refer to the accompanying drawings to make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification, for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0027] First embodiment:

[0028] This embodiment discloses a centrifugal nozzle structure.

[0029] like Figure 1 As shown, the centrifugal nozzle structure includes a base 3 and a cover 4.

[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, the base 3 includes a first flow channel 31, a trough, and a diffusion cavity 35. The first flow channel 31 is located at the front end of the base 3. Several troughs are located at the rear end of the base 3 and are evenly spaced around the center of the first flow channel 31. The centerline of the trough is a curve, with the end of the curve closest to the center of the base 3 designated as the first end. The first end of the trough connects to the first flow channel 31, and the width of the second end of the trough is smaller than the width of the first end. Using the line connecting the first end of the centerline to the center of the base 3 as a reference line, the angle between the tangent to the centerline and the reference line gradually decreases from the first end of the centerline. The diffusion cavity 35 is located on the outside of the base 3, with its two ends connecting to the second end of the second flow channel 32 and the external space of the base 3, respectively. For example, the front end is closer to the direction of superheated steam flow, and the rear end is farther from the direction of superheated steam flow. The base 3 is a disc, and the first flow channel 31 is located at the center of the base 3, facilitating design and manufacturing.

[0031] like Figure 3 As shown, the cover 4 is fixedly mounted on the rear end of the base 3. The front end of the cover 4 and the groove form a second flow channel 32. The first end of the second flow channel 32 connects to the first flow channel 31, and the second end of the second flow channel 32 connects to the diffusion cavity 35. The inner diameter of the diffusion cavity 35 is larger than the inner diameter of the second end of the second flow channel 32. For example, the cover 4 is welded to the base 3. The second flow channel 32 is perpendicular to the first flow channel 31.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the base 3 extends a connecting part 34 from the front end to facilitate the connection of a pipe for input desuperheating water.

[0033] In this embodiment, the desuperheating water sequentially passes through the first flow channel 31, the second flow channel 32, and the diffusion cavity 35. Since the width of the second end of the tank is smaller than the width of the first end, the flow area of ​​the second flow channel 32 continuously decreases, causing the flow velocity of the desuperheating water to gradually increase. Furthermore, because the inner diameter of the diffusion cavity 35 is larger than the inner diameter of the second end of the second flow channel 32, the pressure of the desuperheating water drops sharply, while the temperature change is minimal. At this point, the pressure is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the desuperheating water, causing the desuperheating water to transform from a liquid state into a mixture of steam and small water droplets. Simultaneously, because the second flow channel 32 is spiral-shaped, the desuperheating water still experiences a certain centrifugal force when it exits the diffusion cavity 35, maintaining its spiral motion after exiting the cavity. This ensures the atomized desuperheating water diffuses evenly in all directions, allowing for thorough mixing of the atomized desuperheating water with the superheated steam. The structure is simple, and the cooling effect is excellent.

[0034] Second embodiment:

[0035] Based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment further optimizes and refines the cover 4.

[0036] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the centrifugal nozzle structure includes an annular cavity 5. The annular cavity 5 is located on the outer side between the base 3 and the cover 4, and its two ends are respectively connected to the second end of the diffuser cavity 35 and the external space of the base 3. For example, a first groove 33 is formed at the rear end of the outer side of the base 3, and a second groove 41 is formed at the front end of the outer side of the cover 4. The first groove 33 and the second groove 41 are combined to form the annular cavity 5, which provides sufficient space for the atomized cooling water to continue to be sprayed out in a spiral motion.

[0037] The cover 4 includes a plurality of diffusion walls 42, which are evenly spaced around the center of the first flow channel 31 and positioned corresponding to the outer side of the annular cavity 5. The inner front end of the diffusion wall 42 is connected to the outer side of the base 3, and the inner rear end of the diffusion wall 42 is connected to the outer side of the base 3. The projection of the diffusion cavity 35 along its own axial direction is located on the corresponding diffusion wall 42. For example, the diffusion wall 42 is integrally formed with the cover 4, and the inner front end of the diffusion wall 42 is welded to the outer side of the base 3, or the inner front end of the diffusion wall 42 is inserted into the outer side of the base 3 and welded together.

[0038] In this embodiment, the cooling water in the diffuser 35 is transformed from a liquid state into a mixture of steam and small water droplets. Since the projection of the diffuser 35 along its own axis is located on the corresponding diffuser wall 42, the mixed fluid continues to be sprayed outward and impacts the diffuser wall 42. The small water droplets impact and become even smaller water droplets, ensuring that the cooling water is fully atomized, avoiding water accumulation in the pipe, and improving equipment safety.

[0039] Third embodiment:

[0040] This embodiment discloses a desuperheater.

[0041] like Figure 4 As shown, the desuperheater includes a first pipe 1, a second pipe 2, and a centrifugal nozzle structure.

[0042] The first pipe 1 has a third flow channel 11 inside. The first end of the second pipe 2 passes through the first pipe 1 and extends into the third flow channel 11, and has a fourth flow channel 21 inside. For example, the third flow channel 11 is opened along the length direction of the first pipe 1, and superheated steam is introduced into the front end of the third flow channel 11. The second pipe 2 passes through the first pipe 1 radially and is welded to the first pipe 1, and the fourth flow channel 21 is opened along the length direction of the second pipe 2.

[0043] As in the centrifugal nozzle structure of the first or second embodiment, it is connected to the rear side of the first end of the second pipe 2, the front end of the first flow channel 31 is connected to the first end of the fourth flow channel 21, and the diffuser cavity 35 is connected to the third flow channel 11. For example, a threaded hole 22 is opened on the rear side of the second end of the second pipe 2, and the connecting part 34 is threadedly connected to the threaded hole 22.

[0044] Preferably, the base 3, the cover 4 and the first pipe 1 are coaxially arranged, and since the second flow channel 32 is perpendicular to the first flow channel 31, the flow direction of the superheated steam in the third flow channel 11 is perpendicular to the flow direction of the diffused atomized desuperheating water. The superheated steam impacts and mixes the atomized desuperheating water, making the mixing more uniform.

[0045] In this embodiment, the centrifugal nozzle structure is installed on the rear side of the first end of the second pipe 2 by passing the first end of the second pipe 2 through and extending into the first pipe 1. Superheated steam is introduced into the third flow channel 11, and desuperheating water is introduced into the fourth flow channel 21. After being atomized by the centrifugal nozzle structure, the desuperheating water is sprayed out radially along the base 3 in an approximately fan shape, allowing the atomized desuperheating water to have a larger cross-sectional area in the pipe. The superheated steam vertically impacts the atomized desuperheating water, resulting in more uniform mixing and better cooling effect. At the same time, the rear side of the first end of the second pipe 2 is threadedly connected to the front end of the centrifugal nozzle structure, making installation and disassembly convenient and reducing replacement costs.

[0046] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0047] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A centrifugal nozzle structure, characterized in that, The centrifugal nozzle structure includes: The base includes: The first flow channel is located at the front end of the base; A plurality of troughs are formed at the rear end of the base and are evenly spaced around the center of the first flow channel. The centerline of the trough is a curve, with the end of the curve closest to the center of the base as the first end. The first end of the trough is connected to the first flow channel. The width of the second end of the trough is smaller than the width of the first end of the trough. The line connecting the first end of the centerline and the center of the base is used as a reference line. Starting from the first end of the centerline, the angle between the tangent of the centerline and the reference line gradually decreases. A diffusion cavity is formed on the outside of the base; The cover is fixedly disposed at the rear end of the base and forms a second flow channel with the groove. The first end of the second flow channel is connected to the first flow channel, and the second end of the second flow channel is connected to the diffusion cavity. The inner diameter of the diffusion cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the second end of the second flow channel.

2. The centrifugal nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal nozzle structure includes: An annular cavity is formed on the outer side between the base and the cover, with its two ends respectively connected to the second end of the diffusion cavity and the external space of the base; the cover includes: A plurality of diffusion walls are evenly spaced around the center of the first flow channel, with their positions corresponding to the outer side of the annular cavity. The inner front end is connected to the outer side of the base, and the inner rear end is connected to the outer side of the base. The projection of the diffusion cavity along its own axial direction is located on the corresponding diffusion wall.

3. The centrifugal nozzle structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diffuser wall is integrally formed with the cover, and the inner front end of the diffuser wall is welded to the base.

4. The centrifugal nozzle structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is a disc, the first flow channel is located at the center of the base, and the second flow channel is perpendicular to the first flow channel.

5. The centrifugal nozzle structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The base has a connecting part extending from its front end.

6. A desuperheater, characterized in that, The desuperheater includes: The first pipe has a third flow channel inside; The second pipe has a first end that passes through the first pipe and extends into the third flow channel, and has a fourth flow channel inside. The centrifugal nozzle structure, as described in claim 5, is connected to the rear side of the first end of the second pipe, the front end of the first flow channel is connected to the second end of the fourth flow channel, and the diffusion cavity is connected to the third flow channel.

7. The desuperheater according to claim 6, characterized in that: A threaded hole is opened on the rear side of the second end of the second pipe, and the connecting part is threadedly connected to the threaded hole.

8. The desuperheater according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base and the cover are coaxially arranged with the first pipe.

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