Photovoltaic cable with long service life

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of cables, and discloses a photovoltaic cable with long service life, which comprises a conductor, an insulating layer arranged outside the conductor and a sheath layer arranged outside the insulating layer, materials of the insulating layer and the sheath layer are processed through an irradiation crosslinking processing procedure, the cable further comprises at least one functional layer arranged on the insulating layer or the sheath layer, and the functional layer is one or more of a shielding layer, a waterproof layer, a flame retardant layer, a heat insulation layer, an anti-ultraviolet layer and a reinforced fiber layer. The utility model aims to provide the long-life photovoltaic cable which is temperature-resistant, aging-resistant, acid and alkali-resistant, flame-retardant and excellent in ultraviolet-proof performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cable technology, specifically to a long-life photovoltaic cable. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing global emphasis on renewable energy, solar power generation, as an important component of clean energy, will occupy a significant share due to its unique advantages. The realization of this ambitious goal cannot be separated from the solid support of high-performance and long-life photovoltaic cables. As a key component of solar power generation systems, the quality of photovoltaic cables directly affects the operating efficiency and stability of the entire system. Therefore, in order to meet this huge and continuously growing market demand, we must increase our R&D efforts, continuously innovate technologies, and dedicate ourselves to developing more efficient, durable, and environmentally friendly photovoltaic cable products. This will not only strongly promote my country's photovoltaic industry but also make an important contribution to the global renewable energy cause.

[0003] Traditional photovoltaic cables have a series of significant shortcomings in terms of temperature resistance, aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance, flame retardancy, and UV protection. These defects largely limit the overall performance and reliability of photovoltaic systems. Specifically, traditional cables have limited temperature resistance and often cannot withstand high-temperature environments under extreme weather conditions, leading to accelerated aging and performance degradation of the cable materials. At the same time, their aging resistance is poor, and long-term exposure to outdoor environments can cause the cable surface to crack and harden, thus affecting the cable's electrical performance and mechanical strength. In addition, traditional cables also have shortcomings in acid and alkali resistance, lacking sufficient resistance to acid and alkali corrosive environments, which can easily lead to damage to the cable insulation layer and cause safety hazards. In terms of flame retardancy, some traditional cables have low flame retardancy ratings, and in the event of a fire or other accident, the fire can easily spread along the cable, increasing the risk of accidents. Finally, traditional cables also have significant deficiencies in UV protection. Long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation can cause the cable surface to age and discolor, seriously affecting the cable's service life. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a long-life photovoltaic cable with excellent temperature resistance, aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance, flame retardancy and UV protection.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A long-life photovoltaic cable includes a conductor, an insulation layer disposed outside the conductor, and a sheath layer disposed outside the insulation layer. The conductor is composed of stranded tin-plated copper wires, the surface of which is covered with a layer of tin. The materials of the insulation layer and the sheath layer are both treated by an irradiation cross-linking process. The cable also includes at least one functional layer disposed on the insulation layer or the sheath layer. The functional layer is one or more of the following: a shielding layer, a waterproof layer, a flame-retardant layer, a heat insulation layer, an ultraviolet-resistant layer, and a reinforcing fiber layer.

[0007] Based on the above technical solution, the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0008] Furthermore, both the insulation layer and the sheath layer use flame-retardant halogen-free polyolefin material with a temperature resistance greater than 150 degrees Celsius as the base material, and the carbon black content in the sheath layer should be greater than 4%.

[0009] Furthermore, the functional layer is a shielding layer, which is disposed between the insulation layer and the sheath layer of the cable, wherein the shielding layer is composed of copper mesh, aluminum mesh, stainless steel mesh or conductive polymer material.

[0010] Furthermore, the functional layer is a waterproof layer, which is disposed outside the sheath layer and is made of waterproof polymer or rubber material.

[0011] Furthermore, the functional layer is a flame-retardant layer, which is disposed at any position on the cable to improve the flame-retardant performance of the cable, wherein the flame-retardant layer is composed of a flame-retardant polymer material.

[0012] Furthermore, the functional layer is a heat insulation layer, which is installed inside the cable in the parts that require heat insulation to reduce heat transfer. The heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation materials such as ceramic fiber or aerogel.

[0013] Furthermore, the functional layer is an anti-ultraviolet layer, which is disposed on the outer layer of the cable to protect the cable from damage caused by ultraviolet radiation. The anti-ultraviolet layer is composed of ultraviolet absorbers or reflective materials.

[0014] Furthermore, the functional layer is a reinforcing fiber layer, which is placed inside the cable in the parts that need reinforcement to improve the cable's mechanical strength and wear resistance. The reinforcing fiber layer is made of high-strength materials such as glass fiber or aramid fiber.

[0015] Furthermore, the conductor and the insulating layer, the insulating layer and the sheath layer, the insulating layer and the functional layer, and the sheath layer and the functional layer are all connected by a tight fit.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] The conductor portion of this invention is constructed from stranded tin-plated copper wire. The tin layer covering the surface of the copper wire not only enhances the conductor's conductivity but also improves its oxidation and corrosion resistance. This is crucial for ensuring the long-term stable operation of the cable in harsh environments. Both the insulation and sheath layers undergo irradiation cross-linking processing. Irradiation cross-linking technology significantly improves the molecular chain strength of the material, giving it higher heat resistance, aging resistance, and mechanical strength. This improvement allows the cable to maintain stable electrical and mechanical properties even under extreme weather conditions, such as high or low temperature environments, effectively extending the cable's service life. Furthermore, this cable also innovates... This innovative design incorporates a functional layer, which can be one or more of the following: a shielding layer, a waterproof layer, a flame-retardant layer, a heat-insulating layer, a UV-resistant layer, or a reinforcing fiber layer. The specific layer is selected based on the actual application scenario and requirements. For example, a shielding layer can effectively prevent electromagnetic interference and improve the signal transmission quality of the cable; a waterproof layer can ensure the stable operation of the cable in humid environments; a flame-retardant layer can significantly improve the flame-retardant performance of the cable and reduce the risk of fire; a heat-insulating layer can further enhance the heat resistance of the cable; a UV-resistant layer can protect the cable from UV damage and prevent aging; and a reinforcing fiber layer can improve the mechanical strength of the cable, making it more durable. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a long-life photovoltaic cable according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of another type of long-life photovoltaic cable according to the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Conductor; 2. Insulation layer; 3. Sheath layer; 4. Functional layer. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Combination Figures 1-2As shown, a long-life photovoltaic cable of this utility model includes a conductor 1, an insulation layer 2 disposed outside the conductor 1, and a sheath layer 3 disposed outside the insulation layer 2. The conductor 1 is composed of stranded tin-plated copper wires, and the surface of the copper wires is covered with a layer of tin. The materials of the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3 are both treated by an irradiation crosslinking process. The cable also includes at least one functional layer 4 disposed on the insulation layer 2 or the sheath layer 3. The functional layer 4 is one or more of the following: a shielding layer, a waterproof layer, a flame retardant layer, a heat insulation layer, an ultraviolet resistant layer, and a reinforcing fiber layer.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, this invention can be further configured such that: both the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3 are made of flame-retardant halogen-free polyolefin material with a temperature resistance greater than 150 degrees Celsius as the base material, and the carbon black content in the sheath layer 3 should be greater than 4%. In the construction of long-life photovoltaic cables, the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3 play a crucial role. They not only protect the internal conductor 1 but also ensure the stable operation of the cable in various harsh environments. The choice of flame-retardant halogen-free polyolefin material for both the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3 ensures the stable operation of the cable in high-temperature environments. Since solar power generation systems often need to operate in outdoor environments, especially in the hot summer, cables may be exposed to extremely high temperatures. Traditional cables have limited temperature resistance and often cannot withstand such high-temperature environments, leading to cable... Accelerated aging and performance degradation of materials can lead to cable aging. However, using flame-retardant halogen-free polyolefin materials with a temperature resistance greater than 150 degrees Celsius ensures that the cable maintains stable electrical performance and mechanical strength at high temperatures, thereby extending its service life. Furthermore, flame-retardant halogen-free polyolefin materials possess excellent flame-retardant properties, effectively preventing the spread of fire and reducing damage in the event of a fire. More importantly, because this material is halogen-free, it does not produce toxic hydrogen halide gases during combustion, providing additional protection for the environment and personnel. The carbon black content in sheath layer 3 should be greater than 4%. Carbon black, as an important additive, significantly improves the material's aging resistance and mechanical strength. Adding sufficient carbon black to the sheath layer further enhances the cable's weather resistance and abrasion resistance, making it more adaptable to complex and variable outdoor environmental conditions.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, this utility model can be further configured such that: functional layer 4 is one or more of the following: a shielding layer, a waterproof layer, a flame-retardant layer, a heat insulation layer, an UV-resistant layer, and a reinforcing fiber layer. When functional layer 4 serves as a shielding layer, it can effectively prevent electromagnetic interference and signal leakage, and improve the electromagnetic compatibility of the cable, which is crucial for the stable transmission of signals in photovoltaic systems. Secondly, when functional layer 4 serves as a waterproof layer, it can significantly improve the waterproof performance of the cable, preventing moisture from penetrating the cable and causing problems such as decreased insulation performance or short circuits. This is especially important for outdoor photovoltaic cables. Furthermore, when the flame-retardant layer serves as functional layer 4, it can significantly improve the flame-retardant performance of the cable and prevent fires. The spread of heat and the reduction of fire risk are crucial for the safe operation of photovoltaic systems. In addition, the heat insulation layer, as functional layer 4, can effectively reduce heat transfer of the cable in high-temperature environments, protect the internal structure of the cable from the effects of high temperatures, and thus improve the cable's temperature resistance and service life. When the UV-resistant layer, as functional layer 4, is used, it can significantly enhance the cable's resistance to ultraviolet rays, prevent the cable surface from aging and discoloring due to long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays, and extend the cable's service life. Finally, the reinforcing fiber layer, as functional layer 4, can significantly improve the cable's mechanical strength and tensile properties, enhancing the cable's durability and reliability, which is especially important for photovoltaic cables that need to withstand greater tensile and compressive forces.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, this utility model can be further configured as follows: the functional layer 4 is a shielding layer, which is disposed between the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3 of the cable. The shielding layer is made of copper mesh, aluminum mesh, stainless steel mesh, or conductive polymer material. The addition of shielding layer 4 between the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3, and the shielding layer being made of copper mesh, aluminum mesh, stainless steel mesh, or conductive polymer material, provides excellent conductivity and shielding effectiveness, effectively preventing the propagation of electromagnetic interference and radio frequency interference. The shielding layer significantly improves the electromagnetic compatibility of the cable, reduces the electromagnetic radiation generated by the cable during power transmission, and also reduces the interference of external electromagnetic fields on the internal signals of the cable, thereby improving signal stability and transmission efficiency. This is crucial for the accurate signal transmission and stable operation of the photovoltaic system. By placing the shielding layer between the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3, good contact between the shielding layer and the internal conductor of the cable is ensured, while avoiding direct exposure of the shielding layer to the external environment, thus extending the service life of the shielding layer and the overall reliability of the cable. At the same time, this design also facilitates the manufacturing and installation of the cable, reducing production costs and construction difficulty.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, this utility model can be further configured as follows: the functional layer 4 is a waterproof layer, which is disposed outside the sheath layer 3. The waterproof layer is composed of a waterproof polymer or rubber material. The waterproof layer significantly improves the waterproof performance of the cable. The waterproof layer, composed of a waterproof polymer or rubber material, has excellent waterproof sealing and weather resistance, effectively blocking the intrusion of external moisture and protecting the internal structure and insulation materials of the cable from moisture erosion, thereby extending the service life of the cable. Placing the waterproof layer outside the sheath layer 3 ensures a tight fit between the waterproof layer and the cable, and avoids problems such as aging and cracking that may occur if the waterproof layer is directly exposed to the external environment. At the same time, this design also facilitates the installation and maintenance of the cable, reducing construction difficulty and cost. The role of the waterproof layer is particularly prominent in photovoltaic systems. For example, in coastal areas or areas with abundant rainfall, photovoltaic cables often need to pass through humid environments. At this time, the presence of the waterproof layer is particularly important. It can not only prevent moisture from penetrating the inside of the cable, but also effectively resist the erosion of corrosive substances such as salt spray, acids and alkalis, and protect the cable from environmental damage.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, this invention can be further configured such that: functional layer 4 is a flame-retardant layer, which is disposed at any location on the cable to improve the flame-retardant performance of the cable. The flame-retardant layer is composed of a flame-retardant polymer material. The flame-retardant layer significantly improves the fire resistance rating of the cable. In extreme situations such as fires, the flame-retardant layer can quickly form a protective layer, isolating oxygen and heat, slowing the burning rate of the cable, and even achieving self-extinguishing, thus buying valuable time for personnel evacuation and firefighting rescue. This characteristic is crucial for improving the safety and reliability of photovoltaic systems, especially in photovoltaic power stations near densely populated areas or important facilities. The flame-retardant layer can be disposed at any location on the cable, such as between the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3, outside the sheath layer 3, or at other critical locations inside the cable, to ensure the entire system remains undamaged in the event of a fire. Both maintain high flame-retardant performance. Furthermore, the flame-retardant layer is composed of flame-retardant polymer materials, which not only possess excellent flame-retardant properties but also good mechanical properties and weather resistance. This ensures stable performance of the cable during long-term use. Simultaneously, the flame-retardant layer does not negatively impact the electrical performance of the cable, guaranteeing the normal operation of the photovoltaic system. In specific applications, the flame-retardant layer in photovoltaic systems primarily enhances overall system safety. For example, in the cable laying of photovoltaic power stations, the proper installation of a flame-retardant layer can effectively reduce the risk of fire caused by cable combustion, protecting critical equipment and personnel safety. Additionally, in special environments, such as high-temperature, humid, or corrosive environments, the flame-retardant layer provides extra protection, extending the cable's service life.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment, this utility model can be further configured such that: functional layer 4 is a heat insulation layer, which is installed inside the cable at the parts requiring heat insulation to reduce heat transfer. The heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation materials such as ceramic fiber or aerogel. The installation of the heat insulation layer improves the temperature resistance of the cable. In high-temperature environments, the heat insulation layer can effectively isolate external heat from the cable's interior, maintaining a stable internal temperature and ensuring the cable can still operate normally under high-temperature conditions. This characteristic is particularly important for photovoltaic cables used in high-temperature regions such as deserts and tropical areas, significantly improving the stability and reliability of the photovoltaic system. In photovoltaic systems, the heat insulation layer can be installed inside the cable at the parts requiring heat insulation, such as between the conductor and insulation layer, between the insulation layer and sheath layer, or at cable joints, to reduce heat transfer at these locations and improve the overall heat insulation performance of the cable. Furthermore, the heat insulation layer... Constructed from high-efficiency thermal insulation materials such as ceramic fibers or aerogels, these materials possess excellent thermal insulation performance and chemical stability, maintaining stable performance under harsh environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and corrosion. Simultaneously, these materials also exhibit good mechanical strength and anti-aging properties, ensuring that the insulation layer does not detach or deform during long-term use, maintaining a stable thermal insulation effect. In specific applications, the role of the insulation layer in photovoltaic systems is mainly reflected in improving the system's thermal stability and operating efficiency. For example, in the cable laying of photovoltaic power stations, by properly setting up the insulation layer, the temperature of the cable in high-temperature environments can be effectively reduced, minimizing energy loss caused by temperature rise and improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Furthermore, in special environments, such as high-temperature, high-radiation, or corrosive environments, the insulation layer can provide additional protection, ensuring the normal operation of the cable under these extreme conditions.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, this utility model can be further configured such that: functional layer 4 is an anti-ultraviolet (UV) layer, which is disposed on the outer layer of the cable to protect the cable from UV radiation damage. The UV-resistant layer is composed of UV absorbers or reflectors. The UV-resistant layer improves the cable's outdoor service life. In outdoor environments, UV radiation is one of the main causes of cable material aging. The UV-resistant layer effectively reduces the damaging effects of UV radiation on the cable material by absorbing or reflecting UV rays, slowing down the aging process and extending the cable's service life. This is crucial for the long-term stable operation of photovoltaic cables outdoors, helping to reduce maintenance costs and replacement frequency. The UV-resistant layer can be disposed on or combined with the outer layer of the cable, i.e., the sheath layer 3, to protect the cable from UV radiation damage. This design is not only suitable for the production of new cables but can also be used to upgrade existing cables and improve their UV resistance. Furthermore, the UV-resistant layer absorbs UV rays... The UV-resistant layer is composed of absorbent or reflective materials with excellent UV resistance and chemical stability. UV absorbers absorb ultraviolet light and convert it into harmless heat, while reflectors reflect the UV light back, reducing its direct impact on the cable material. These materials not only have high UV resistance but also good weather resistance and aging resistance, ensuring stable performance over long-term use. In practical applications, the UV-resistant layer in photovoltaic systems primarily protects cables from UV radiation damage. For example, in areas with strong UV radiation, such as deserts and plateaus, photovoltaic cables are susceptible to aging due to UV exposure. Adding a UV-resistant layer effectively reduces the damaging effects of UV radiation on the cable, maintaining long-term stability of cable performance and thus improving the overall reliability and operating efficiency of the photovoltaic system. Furthermore, in salt spray and humid environments such as coastal areas, the UV-resistant layer provides additional protection, enhancing the cable's weather resistance and aging resistance.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment, this utility model can be further configured such that: functional layer 4 is a reinforcing fiber layer, which is disposed inside the cable at the parts requiring reinforcement to improve the cable's mechanical strength and abrasion resistance. The reinforcing fiber layer is made of high-strength materials such as glass fiber or aramid fiber. The addition of the reinforcing fiber layer improves the cable's mechanical strength. During transportation, installation, and use, the cable may be subjected to various external forces such as tension, pressure, and bending. The reinforcing fiber layer, made of high-strength materials such as glass fiber or aramid fiber, possesses excellent tensile and compressive strength, effectively resisting external forces. The ability to withstand destructive forces and maintain the integrity and stability of the cable structure is particularly important for photovoltaic cables used in complex environments, such as harsh terrains like mountains, deserts, and oceans, as well as applications requiring frequent movement or bending, such as wind power generation and solar tracking systems. In photovoltaic systems, reinforcing fiber layers can be placed inside the cable at locations requiring reinforcement, such as between the conductor and insulation layer, between the insulation layer and sheath layer, or at vulnerable points like bends and joints, to improve the mechanical strength and abrasion resistance of these areas. This design is not only suitable for the production of new cables but can also be used to upgrade existing cables. To enhance its overall performance, the reinforcing fiber layer is composed of high-strength materials such as glass fiber or aramid fiber. These materials not only possess excellent mechanical properties but also good weather resistance and corrosion resistance. In outdoor environments, these materials can resist the erosion of natural factors such as wind, rain, sun exposure, and salt spray, maintaining the long-term stability and reliability of the cable. Simultaneously, these materials also have good insulation properties and thermal stability, without negatively impacting the cable's electrical performance. In specific applications, the role of the reinforcing fiber layer in photovoltaic systems is mainly reflected in improving the cable's mechanical strength and abrasion resistance. For example, in mountain photovoltaic systems... In power stations, cables need to traverse rugged terrain and are easily subjected to friction and compression from external forces. By adding reinforcing fiber layers, the cable's resistance to wear and compression can be effectively improved, protecting the internal structure of the cable from damage. In marine photovoltaic power stations, cables need to withstand the impact of waves and the corrosion of salt spray. Reinforcing fiber layers can resist the destructive effects of these harsh environments, maintaining the long-term stability and reliability of the cable. In addition, in wind power generation and solar tracking systems, cables need to move and bend frequently. Reinforcing fiber layers can improve the cable's flexibility and fatigue resistance, ensuring the normal operation of the cable in these dynamic environments.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, this utility model can be further configured such that: the conductor 1 and the insulation layer 2, the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3, the insulation layer 2 and the functional layer 4, and the sheath layer 3 and the functional layer 4 are all connected by a tight-fitting method. All layers within the cable are connected by a tight-fitting method. This design significantly improves the overall performance and reliability of the cable. The tight-fitting connection effectively prevents the penetration of external factors such as moisture and air, reduces stress caused by environmental changes within the cable, and improves the cable's mechanical strength and durability. Furthermore, the tight fit ensures reduced energy loss and improved transmission efficiency during power transmission. The tight-fitting connection also significantly improves the cable's waterproof performance. In outdoor environments, photovoltaic cables are susceptible to the effects of rainwater and moisture, leading to a decrease in insulation performance. Through tight-fitting, a barrier is formed between the layers. An effective waterproof barrier can effectively prevent moisture penetration, keeping the inside of the cable dry and thus extending its service life. The tight-fitting connection enhances the cable's mechanical strength and durability. During cable use, it may be affected by various external forces such as mechanical vibration and temperature changes. The tight-fitting design allows each layer to work together better to resist the destructive effects of external forces, reducing damage caused by external forces. Simultaneously, the tight fit reduces thermal stress generated by temperature changes, improving the cable's heat and cold resistance. The tight-fitting connection also helps improve the cable's electrical performance. When transmitting electrical energy, the tight fit reduces energy loss during transmission, improving transmission efficiency. Furthermore, the tight fit ensures the stability of the electrical connections between the internal layers of the cable, reducing electrical faults caused by poor contact.

[0032] A long-life photovoltaic cable mainly includes a conductor 1, an insulation layer 2 disposed outside the conductor 1, and a sheath layer 3 disposed outside the insulation layer 2. The conductor 1 is composed of stranded tin-plated copper wires, with a layer of tin covering the surface of the copper wires. This design not only improves the conductivity of the conductor, but the tin layer on the surface of the copper wires also effectively prevents the copper wires from oxidizing, thereby extending the service life of the cable. Both the insulation layer 2 and the sheath layer 3 use flame-retardant halogen-free polyolefin material with a temperature resistance of at least 150 degrees Celsius as the base material. This material not only has excellent temperature resistance and can remain stable in high-temperature environments, but also has outstanding aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance, and flame retardant properties. In particular, the carbon black content in the sheath layer 3 is greater than 4%, which gives the cable excellent UV protection and further enhances the cable's outdoor performance. In terms of connection, the conductor 1, insulation layer 2, and sheath layer 3 are connected together by a tight fit. Specifically, firstly, the stranded tin-plated copper wire conductor 1 is pre-treated, such as by decontamination and degreasing, to ensure a good bond between it and the insulation layer 2. Then, a liquid or semi-solid insulating material is coated on the outer surface of conductor 1, and after curing, it forms insulation layer 2. Similarly, a liquid or semi-solid sheath material is coated on the outer surface of insulation layer 2, and after curing, it forms sheath layer 3. In this process, equipment such as an extruder can be used for coating to ensure that the layers are tightly bonded without gaps. In addition, the materials of insulation layer 2 and sheath layer 3 have undergone irradiation crosslinking processing before coating. This is to irradiate the molecular polymers in the insulation and sheath with high-energy particle rays, so that the molecular chains form a crosslinked structure, thereby enhancing the stability and durability of the materials. Compared with other methods such as warm water and chemical crosslinking, irradiation crosslinking avoids the instability of materials under high temperature conditions and after contact with water, further improving the service life of the cable. In summary, this long-life photovoltaic cable, through its unique structural design, high-quality material selection, and fine processing method, achieves the characteristics of aging resistance, acid and alkali resistance, flame retardancy, UV protection, and long service life, providing a strong guarantee for the stable operation of solar power generation systems.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0034] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A long-life photovoltaic cable, characterized in that, The cable includes a conductor (1), an insulation layer (2) disposed outside the conductor (1), and a sheath layer (3) disposed outside the insulation layer (2). The conductor (1) is made of stranded tin-plated copper wires, and the surface of the copper wires is covered with a layer of tin. The materials of the insulation layer (2) and the sheath layer (3) are both treated by irradiation crosslinking process. The cable also includes at least one functional layer (4) disposed on the insulation layer (2) or the sheath layer (3). The functional layer (4) is one or more of the following: shielding layer, waterproof layer, flame retardant layer, heat insulation layer, UV resistant layer, and reinforcing fiber layer.

2. The long-life photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the insulation layer (2) and the sheath layer (3) are made of flame-retardant halogen-free polyolefin material with a temperature resistance greater than 150 degrees Celsius as the base material.

3. The long-life photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional layer (4) is a shielding layer, which is disposed between the insulation layer (2) and the sheath layer (3) of the cable. The shielding layer is made of copper mesh, aluminum mesh, stainless steel mesh or conductive polymer material.

4. A long-life photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional layer (4) is a waterproof layer, which is set outside the sheath layer (3) and is made of waterproof polymer or rubber material.

5. A long-life photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional layer (4) is a flame-retardant layer, which is placed at any position of the cable to improve the flame-retardant performance of the cable. The flame-retardant layer is made of flame-retardant polymer material.

6. A long-life photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional layer (4) is a heat insulation layer. The heat insulation layer is installed inside the cable in the part that needs heat insulation in order to reduce heat transfer. The heat insulation layer is made of heat insulation materials such as ceramic fiber or aerogel.

7. A long-life photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional layer (4) is an anti-ultraviolet layer, which is placed on the outer layer of the cable to protect the cable from damage caused by ultraviolet radiation. The anti-ultraviolet layer is composed of ultraviolet absorbers or reflective materials.

8. A long-life photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional layer (4) is a reinforcing fiber layer. The reinforcing fiber layer is placed inside the cable in the parts that need to be reinforced in order to improve the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the cable. The reinforcing fiber layer is made of high-strength materials such as glass fiber or aramid fiber.

9. A long-life photovoltaic cable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductor (1) is connected to the insulation layer (2), the insulation layer (2) to the sheath layer (3), the insulation layer (2) to the functional layer (4), and the sheath layer (3) to the functional layer (4) by a tight fit.

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