Novel alkaline electrolytic cell external filtering device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel alkaline electrolytic bath external filtering device, which comprises a mesh enclosure structure matched with the electrolytic bath in shape and volume, the mesh enclosure structure comprises a support frame structure and a filter screen structure, the support frame structure is arranged on the periphery of the electrolytic bath space, and the filter screen structure is laid on the support frame structure. A space filtering structure is formed outside the electrolytic bath; the intelligent dynamic cleaning system comprises a cleaning action assembly and a linkage protection module, and the cleaning action assembly cleans the mesh enclosure structure. According to the filtering device, a stable space frame is formed by the truss supporting columns and the truss beams through the mesh enclosure structure matched with the electrolytic cell in shape and size, the interval design of the space frame guarantees the operation space on the periphery of the electrolytic cell, and through the stacked structure of the honeycomb hexagonal supporting mesh layers and the filtering mesh layers, the filtering strength is guaranteed, and meanwhile the filtering efficiency is improved. Accurate interception of electrolyte impurities is achieved, and structural stability and filtering efficiency are both considered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water electrolysis hydrogen production technology, specifically to a novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolyzer. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in hydrogen production, the safe and stable operation of alkaline electrolyzers directly affects hydrogen production efficiency and system safety. Existing external protection systems for alkaline electrolyzers generally have significant technical defects: during operation, conductive metallic impurities (such as iron filings and aluminum powder) are easily deposited on the electrolyzer surface due to wind and sand intrusion, aging and detachment of factory components, or careless maintenance, leading to abnormal conductive paths between the electrodes. The mechanism of this short circuit is that although the individual chambers of the electrolyzer are insulated by gaskets, if the beginning and end of an external impurity simultaneously contact different electrodes, it will bypass the normal electrolysis path, forming a short circuit loop.

[0003] Taking a 1000 cubic meter alkaline electrolyzer with a rated current of 7000-8000A and an operating voltage of 400-600V as an example, during a short circuit, the current is lost directly without participating in the electrolysis reaction. This not only reduces hydrogen production efficiency by 15%-20%, but also generates a high-temperature electric arc exceeding 300℃ due to the thermal effect of the current. This high temperature can rapidly melt the metal components of the electrolyzer, causing molten metal to splash, and simultaneously reducing the purity of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture to the explosive limit (4%-75%), posing an explosion risk upon contact with an open flame. Experimental data shows that component burnout due to a short circuit occurs when the voltage exceeds 0.5V or the current exceeds 200A, and the operating parameters of existing electrolyzers are already far above this critical value.

[0004] Existing protective measures typically employ only ceiling shielding or simple metal mesh covers. These solutions have fundamental drawbacks: firstly, traditional ceilings cannot block dust and metal particles smaller than 5mm in diameter, with dust particles smaller than 200 mesh (≤75μm) having a penetration rate as high as 68%; secondly, simple mesh covers lack a dynamic cleaning mechanism, and the mesh is easily clogged by impurities, requiring manual cleaning every 24 hours. This not only incurs high maintenance costs but also necessitates shutting down the electrolytic cell during cleaning, further reducing production efficiency. Furthermore, the factory environment is not absolutely clean; aging and flaking metal rust, tool debris, and other contaminants can still penetrate traditional protective barriers, posing a short-circuit hazard.

[0005] In summary, existing technologies suffer from rudimentary protective structures and a lack of cleaning mechanisms, leading to risks of impurity blockage and short circuits in electrolyzers, severely restricting the safety and economy of hydrogen production systems. This utility model aims to address these technical pain points by providing an external protective device with efficient filtration and intelligent cleaning functions, fundamentally solving the problems of impurity intrusion and short circuit hazards in existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the defects in the existing technology and provide a new type of external filtration device for alkaline electrolytic cells.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell includes a mesh cover structure adapted to the shape and volume of the electrolytic cell. The mesh cover structure includes a support frame structure and a filter screen structure. The support frame structure is disposed around the periphery of the electrolytic cell space, and the filter screen structure is laid on the support frame structure to form a spatial filtration structure outside the electrolytic cell.

[0009] It also includes an intelligent dynamic cleaning system, which includes a cleaning action component and a linkage protection module. The cleaning action component cleans the mesh structure, and the linkage protection module includes a sensor component for detecting the clogging status of the filter structure, and a controller for controlling the cleaning action component to work together based on the detection results of the sensor component.

[0010] Furthermore, the filter structure includes a support mesh layer and a filter mesh layer, which are stacked together. The support mesh layer fixes the shape of the filter structure, and the filter mesh layer performs external filtration. The support mesh layer is a hexagonal structure that simulates a honeycomb. At least one support mesh layer covers the outside of the support frame, and the filter mesh layer is placed on the support mesh layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the mesh size of the filter layer is 8-12 mesh.

[0012] Furthermore, the supporting frame structure includes truss support columns and truss beams. The truss beams are erected on the top of the truss support columns. The distance between the truss support columns and the electrolytic cell is not less than 1m. The clear height of the truss beams supporting the electrolytic cell above the electrolytic cell is not less than 1m.

[0013] Furthermore, the cleaning action component includes an ultrasonic vibration module that applies ultrasonic vibration to the filter structure, and the ultrasonic vibration removes impurities clogging the mesh. The ultrasonic vibration module is disposed between the support mesh layer and the filter mesh layer, and a piezoelectric film is attached to the filter mesh layer to form a matrix vibration unit through printed circuitry.

[0014] Furthermore, the cleaning action component includes a magnetostrictive vibration system, with several magnetostrictive units disposed between the support frame structure and the filter screen structure; the magnetostrictive unit includes a magnetostrictive rod and a high-frequency excitation coil assembly, and the support frame structure is provided with a mounting groove for installing the magnetostrictive unit, a cylindrical high-frequency excitation coil assembly is fixed in the mounting groove, and a magnetostrictive rod is disposed inside the high-frequency excitation coil assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the cleaning action component includes a pulse airflow backflushing system, which includes a nozzle array and a dual air source power assembly; the dual air source power assembly includes a high-pressure air tank group that provides instantaneous high pressure and a screw air compressor that provides long-term purging; the nozzle array includes a nozzle frame, the shape of which matches the cross-sectional shape of the supporting frame structure, and a number of nozzle structures are evenly spaced on the side of the nozzle frame facing the filter structure, and the nozzle structures are connected to the high-pressure air tank group and the screw air compressor arranged in parallel through electromagnetic reversing valves.

[0016] Furthermore, the cleaning action component includes a translation drive mechanism, which drives the nozzle frame to translate axially along the support frame structure.

[0017] A novel control method for an external filtration device for an alkaline electrolyzer includes the aforementioned external filtration device. The controller is configured to trigger ultrasonic vibration cleaning based on mesh clogging rate data, and to initiate pulsed airflow backflushing when the clogging rate exceeds a threshold, forming an intelligent closed-loop cleaning mechanism. The sensor assembly includes a differential pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a strain sensor, and an image sensor. The mesh structure is divided into three monitoring planes: a top monitoring layer, a middle monitoring layer, and a bottom monitoring layer. The differential pressure sensor and flow sensor each have multiple data acquisition points in each region of the three monitoring planes, forming a distributed monitoring network. The strain sensor is mounted on a supporting frame structure.

[0018] Furthermore, the following hierarchical control methods are included:

[0019] Level 1 warning: Continuous monitoring of the sampling blockage rate D < 20%, piezoelectric film micro-vibration, vibration frequency 20kHz, amplitude 30μm, intermittent operation: vibration for 10s, pause for 20s; and activation of magnetostriction, 10kHz low-frequency preheating, power 30%; to prepare for subsequent cleaning.

[0020] Secondary cleaning, with a blockage rate of 20% ≤ D ≤ 50%, triggered when the blockage rate exceeds 20% and lasts for 5 minutes or when any sensor detection value exceeds the threshold by 1.5 times; the control actions are as follows: magnetostrictive control frequency is 50kHz, amplitude is 80μm; pulse airflow pressure is 0.6MPa, pulse width is 50ms; translation mechanism moving speed is 30mm / s, one round trip;

[0021] 3. Level 3 Enhancement: Blockage rate D > 50% for 10 minutes or differential pressure sensor reading > 60 Pa; control the following actions: Vibration system: piezoelectric film and magnetostriction work together, frequency 100 kHz, amplitude 120 μm; Airflow system: dual air source linkage: high-pressure air tank (1.2 MPa) and air compressor work alternately, pulse frequency increased to 2 Hz, duration 10 s; translation mechanism speed increased to 50 mm / s, reciprocating frequency increased to 3 times.

[0022] The advantages and beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0023] 1. This filtration device uses a mesh cover structure adapted to the shape and volume of the electrolytic cell, and utilizes truss support columns and truss beams to form a stable spatial frame. The spacing and clearance height design not only ensure the operating space around the electrolytic cell, but also, through the honeycomb hexagonal support mesh layer and filter mesh layer stacked structure, ensures filtration strength while achieving precise interception of electrolyte impurities, taking into account both structural stability and filtration efficiency.

[0024] 2. Relying on the linkage protection module composed of sensor components and controller, the filter screen clogging status can be monitored in real time and the cleaning action can be automatically triggered to realize the automation and efficient cleaning of the intelligent dynamic cleaning system. The ultrasonic vibration module and magnetostrictive vibration system can efficiently break the impurities clogging the mesh through high-frequency vibration. The pulse airflow backwash system, combined with dual air source power and translation drive mechanism, can realize the composite cleaning of high-pressure instantaneous impact and continuous blowing, ensuring that the filter screen remains transparent for a long time.

[0025] 3. This device achieves integrated intelligent operation of filtration and cleaning through modular design, which not only reduces manual maintenance costs, but also improves the safety and durability of the overall system through the spatial layout of the truss structure, providing long-term guarantee for the stable operation of the alkaline electrolyzer. At the same time, the diverse combination of cleaning technologies can adapt to the impurity removal needs under different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is one of the isometric views of a novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is the second isometric view of a novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to this utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of a novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the arched top support frame structure of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5This is an exploded view of the filter structure in this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a logic diagram of a control method for a novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to this utility model.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetostrictive unit in this utility model;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the pulsed airflow backflush system in this utility model;

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Electrolytic cell body; 2. Mesh cover structure; 3. Support frame structure; 4. Filter screen structure; 5. Truss support column; 6. Truss beam; 7. Flat-top structure; 8. Arched top structure; 9. Support mesh layer; 10. Filter screen layer; 11. Ultrasonic vibration module; 12. Magnetostrictive unit; 13. Magnetostrictive rod; 14. High-frequency excitation coil assembly; 15. Nozzle array; 16. Dual gas source power assembly; 17. Electromagnetic reversing valve; 18. Nozzle frame; 19. Nozzle structure. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to examples. These examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0036] Example 1:

[0037] A novel external filtration device for alkaline electrolyzers, such as Figure 1-8 As shown, the structure includes a mesh cover structure 2 adapted to the shape and volume of the electrolytic cell. The mesh cover structure 2 includes a support frame structure 3 and a filter screen structure 4. The support frame structure 3 is set outside the electrolytic cell space, and the filter screen structure 4 is laid on the support frame structure 3 to form a spatial filter structure outside the electrolytic cell.

[0038] The supporting frame structure 3 includes truss support columns 5 and truss beams 6. Truss beams 6 are erected on top of the truss support columns 5. It is understood that the use of a truss structure in this embodiment is beneficial for improving the strength of the supporting frame structure 3. Those skilled in the art can also use other steel profiles as substitutes, such as I-beams or C-shaped steel. As one embodiment, multiple truss support columns 5 are erected around the electrolytic cell in a rectangular pattern. The tops of the truss support columns 5 are connected by truss beams 6, thus forming a cuboid structure arrangement for the supporting frame structure 3. In this embodiment, a flat-topped structure 7 is formed for the supporting frame structure 3. In other embodiments, the truss beams 6 can also be designed as an arched top structure 8 or a sloping top structure; this embodiment only shows a flat-topped structure.

[0039] The supporting frame should preferably not contact the electrolytic cell body 1, and should be at least 1m away from it on all sides to provide space for manual operation, facilitating the later maintenance and inspection of the electrolytic cell. Specifically, in this embodiment, the distance between the truss support column 5 and the electrolytic cell is not less than 1m, and the net clearance height of the truss beam 6 supporting the electrolytic cell above it is not less than 1m. In a 1000 cubic meter alkaline electrolytic cell project, the corresponding design would be a large mesh-type external filter layer with dimensions of 6m × 4m × 3m for full coverage.

[0040] The supporting frame structure 3 serves as the installation base for the filter structure 4. Specifically, the filter structure 4 includes a supporting mesh layer 9 and a filter layer 10, which are stacked. The supporting mesh layer 9 fixes the shape of the filter structure, while the filter layer 10 performs external filtration. The supporting mesh layer 9 is a support layer with a certain rigidity, which supports the filter layer 10 with a certain flexibility and supports the overall outline of the filter structure 4. The supporting mesh layer 9 is a hexagonal structure that simulates a honeycomb. At least one supporting mesh layer 9 covers the outside of the supporting frame, and the filter layer 10 (not shown in the figure) is covered on the supporting mesh layer 9.

[0041] Specifically, the layered protection of the filter structure 4 adopts a collaborative arrangement design of the support mesh layer 9 and the filter mesh layer 10. The support mesh layer 9 is made of 304 stainless steel with a honeycomb hexagonal structure, with a side length of 20mm and a thickness of 1.5mm, and is fixed to the outside of the truss frame by welding. The hexagonal grid simulates the mechanical distribution of a honeycomb, and each cell can withstand a 5kg impact load without deformation, providing rigid support for the filter mesh layer 10. The filter mesh layer 10 covers the outside of the support mesh layer 9 and is made of 316L stainless steel. The thickness of the electrolytic cell gasket ranges from 2.5-3mm, and the mesh size can be 8-12 mesh as needed, with a mesh side length of 1.62-2.36mm. It can intercept impurities such as sand and metal debris, preventing metal debris from entering between the electrodes and causing short circuits. The edges of the mesh layer are sealed to the truss frame by pressure strips to prevent impurities from flowing around. Considering material selection and durability, both the support mesh layer 9 and the filter mesh layer 10 can be passivated. They show no rust after 1000 hours of salt spray testing and are suitable for coastal or industrial dusty environments.

[0042] In this embodiment, after the mesh cover was put into operation, the amount of metal impurities deposited on the surface of the electrolytic cell decreased by 95%, and no short circuit faults caused by impurities occurred again. Voltage fluctuation was ≤0.3V, and current deviation was ≤50A. In the wind and sand test, with a wind speed of 25m / s and a sand content of 10g / m³, the filtration efficiency of the mesh cover remained stable at over 92%, effectively protecting the safe operation of the electrolytic cell.

[0043] Furthermore, it also includes an intelligent dynamic cleaning system, which includes a cleaning action component and a linkage protection module. The cleaning action component cleans the mesh structure 2, and the linkage protection module includes a sensor component for detecting the clogging status of the filter structure 4, and a controller for controlling the cleaning action component to work together based on the detection results of the sensor component.

[0044] In this embodiment, taking differential pressure sensors as an example, multiple sets are installed on both the air inlet and outlet sides of the filter screen, corresponding to the upper, middle, and lower parts of the filter screen, respectively, to monitor the pressure difference across the filter screen in real time. When the pressure difference exceeds a preset clogging threshold, a cleaning signal is triggered.

[0045] The cleaning action component includes an ultrasonic vibration module 11 that applies ultrasonic vibration to the filter structure 4, removing impurities clogging the mesh. The ultrasonic vibration module 11 is disposed between the support mesh layer 9 and the filter mesh layer 10. A piezoelectric film is attached to the filter mesh layer 10, forming a matrix vibration unit through printed circuitry. Specifically, the piezoelectric film matrix layout is as follows: PVDF piezoelectric films with a thickness of 50μm, a resonant frequency of 25kHz, and a single piece size of 100mm×200mm are arranged in an 8×8 matrix outside the support mesh layer 9, totaling 64 pieces, covering an area of ​​1.28m×1.28m, with a splicing gap ≤1mm to ensure vibration uniformity. A 24VDC to 220VAC inverter is used, paired with a high-frequency transformer to boost the voltage to 300V to provide excitation for the matrix unit; a 25kHz square wave signal is generated by a microcontroller, which drives the piezoelectric film through a power amplifier, with a single-channel output power of 5W. At the hexagonal grid nodes of the honeycomb structure supporting layer 9, the edges of the piezoelectric film are secured with 316L stainless steel clamps to prevent film loosening from affecting the vibration effect. The heat dissipation design employs a 0.5mm thick copper foil heat sink attached to the back of the film, with thermally conductive silicone grease filling the space between the copper foil and supporting layer 9 to conduct the heat generated by vibration to the frame, ensuring the film surface temperature is ≤60℃. Alternatively, a temperature sensor can be installed, with a PT100 thermal resistor placed near the piezoelectric film to prevent overheating of the ultrasonic vibration. The threshold is 80℃; if this threshold is exceeded, vibration will automatically pause and an alarm will sound.

[0046] This embodiment achieves automated removal of impurities from the mesh cover through the coordinated design of precise sensor detection, PLC intelligent control, and piezoelectric thin film matrix vibration. Compared with traditional manual cleaning, it improves efficiency by 80% and reduces energy consumption by 30%, making it suitable for complex industrial environments such as sandstorms and dust.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] Furthermore, the cleaning action component includes a magnetostrictive vibration system, and a number of magnetostrictive units 12 are arranged between the support frame structure 3 and the filter screen structure 4; the magnetostrictive unit 12 includes a magnetostrictive rod 13 and a high-frequency excitation coil assembly 14. An installation groove for installing the magnetostrictive unit 12 is provided on the support frame structure 3. A cylindrical high-frequency excitation coil assembly 14 is fixed in the installation groove, and a magnetostrictive rod 13 is arranged inside the high-frequency excitation coil assembly 14. Exemplarily, taking the 6m×4m×3m mesh cover supporting a 1000-square alkaline electrolyzer as an example, the specific layout of the units is as follows: magnetostrictive units 12 are evenly arranged on the support frames around the mesh cover, on the truss support columns 5 and the truss beams 6, with a spacing of 500mm. 8 groups are installed on each side, with a total of 32 groups. Each group of units corresponds to a 1m² filtering area to ensure uniform coverage of vibration energy. Installation groove processing: A rectangular installation groove of 12mm×160mm is provided on the support frame, with a groove depth of 15mm. The high-frequency excitation coil assembly 14 is fixed with countersunk screws to ensure rigid connection with the frame.

[0049] The high-frequency excitation coil assembly 14 is placed in the installation groove. It uses enameled copper wire with a diameter of 0.8mm, closely wound 500 turns to form a hollow solenoid, with an inner diameter of 12mm and a length of 160mm. The DC resistance is about 1.2Ω, the rated current is 5A, and it is equipped with a 24VDC switching power supply. The outer layer of the coil is wrapped with a 0.1mm thick polyimide film insulation layer, with a temperature resistance of 220°C to prevent corrosion by electrolyte vapor. The magnetostrictive rod 13 assembly is specifically a Terfenol-D rare earth alloy rod with a diameter of 10mm×length of 150mm. It is encapsulated in a 316L stainless steel sleeve with a wall thickness of 1mm, and sealed flanges are welded at both ends. The inside is filled with thermal conductivity silicone grease of 3.0W / m・K to ensure that the working temperature ≤ 80°C. The outside of the magnetic yoke is wrapped with a 1mm thick silicon steel sheet to form a shielding layer deployment. It is spliced in a laminated manner, and the joints are offset by 50mm to form a complete shielding cover. The measured leakage magnetic density ≤ 0.05mT, which does not interfere with the electrolyzer electrodes.

[0050] Its control architecture is as follows: A single-chip microcomputer is used as the driving core, receiving the trigger signal from the PLC, generating a high-frequency pulse of 10 - 30kHz, with a duty cycle of 6%, and driving the excitation coil through a power amplifier with a gain of 40dB. The linkage logic is as follows: When the pressure difference sensor detects that the pressure difference reaches the set threshold, the PLC sequentially starts the magnetostrictive units 12 by region. The working duration of each group is 30 seconds, and the next group is switched after an interval of 10 seconds to avoid frame resonance caused by energy concentration.

[0051] This embodiment achieves a vibration cleaning effect with high energy density, is applicable to complex working conditions containing metal debris and hard particles. Compared with traditional vibration methods, the cleaning efficiency is increased by 20% under the same energy consumption, providing reliable protection for the long-term stable operation of the alkaline electrolyzer.

[0052] Embodiment Three:

[0053] Furthermore, the cleaning action assembly includes a pulse airflow backflushing system, which comprises a nozzle array 15 and a dual-source power assembly 16. The dual-source power assembly 16 includes a high-pressure gas tank group providing instantaneous high pressure and a screw air compressor providing long-term purging. Specifically, in this embodiment, the high-pressure gas tank group is configured with four 40L high-pressure gas tanks arranged in parallel, with a total gas storage capacity of 160L. When inflated to 10MPa, it can release 1600L of standard atmospheric pressure gas, meeting the requirements for a single backflushing. The screw air compressor has a discharge capacity of 1.2m³ / min and a discharge pressure of 0.8MPa, and is equipped with a refrigerated dryer and a three-stage filter to ensure the cleanliness of the purging gas.

[0054] The nozzle array 15 includes a nozzle frame 18, the shape of which matches the cross-sectional shape of the support frame structure 3. As seen in the previous embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the support frame structure 3 varies. In this embodiment, the nozzle frame 18 needs to be adaptively designed according to the support frame structure. Taking a rectangular structure as an example, the frame width matches the cross-section of the mesh support frame to ensure an effective backflush distance between the nozzles and the filter screen. Several nozzle structures 19 are evenly spaced on the side of the nozzle frame 18 facing the filter screen structure 4. Specifically, for example, 10 stainless steel nozzles are evenly arranged per meter of frame, with a nozzle spray angle of 60° and a coverage width of 100mm. The distance between adjacent nozzles is less than 100mm to ensure no dead angles during purging. The nozzle structures 19 are connected to a parallel high-pressure air tank group and a screw air compressor via an electromagnetic reversing valve 17. Furthermore, the cleaning action component includes a translation drive mechanism, which drives the nozzle frame 18 to translate axially along the support frame structure 3. Linear guide rails are installed on both sides of the truss beam 6, and proximity switches are set at both ends of the beam. Encoders are used to achieve closed-loop control to ensure the accuracy of the reciprocating stroke of the nozzle frame 18 at both ends of the linear guide rail. The nozzle frame 18 can be driven by a chain and sprocket structure. Sprockets are set at both ends of the linear guide rail, and chains are fitted on both sprockets. One sprocket is driven by a motor, and both ends drive the nozzle frame 18 synchronously, so that it moves smoothly on the linear guide rail. It can be understood that a nozzle main pipe is set inside the nozzle frame 18, and each nozzle structure 19 is connected to the nozzle main pipe. The nozzle main pipe is connected to a hose at the bottom end of the nozzle frame 18, and the dual air source power assembly 16 is connected through the hose.

[0055] Furthermore, a novel control method for an external filtration device of an alkaline electrolyzer includes the aforementioned external filtration device. The controller is configured to trigger ultrasonic vibration cleaning based on mesh blockage rate data, and to initiate pulsed airflow backflushing when the blockage rate exceeds a threshold, forming an intelligent closed-loop cleaning mechanism. The sensor assembly includes a differential pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a strain sensor, and an image sensor. The mesh cover structure 2 is divided into three monitoring planes: a top monitoring layer, a middle monitoring layer, and a bottom monitoring layer. The differential pressure sensor and the flow sensor have multiple data acquisition points in each area of ​​the three monitoring planes, forming a distributed monitoring network. The strain sensor is mounted on the supporting frame structure 3.

[0056] Furthermore, the following hierarchical control methods are included:

[0057] 1. Level 1 warning: Continuously monitor the sampling blockage rate D < 20%, piezoelectric film micro-vibration, vibration frequency 20kHz, amplitude 30μm, intermittent operation: vibration for 10s, pause for 20s; and activate magnetostriction, 10kHz low-frequency preheating, power 30%; to prepare for subsequent cleaning.

[0058] 2. Secondary cleaning, blockage rate 20%≤D≤50%, triggered when the blockage rate exceeds 20% and lasts for 5 minutes or when any sensor detection value exceeds the threshold by 1.5 times; control actions are as follows: magnetostrictive control frequency is 50kHz, amplitude is 80μm; pulse airflow pressure is 0.6MPa, pulse width is 50ms; translation mechanism moving speed is 30mm / s, round trip once;

[0059] 3. Three-level enhancement: blockage rate D > 50% for 10 minutes or differential pressure sensor reading > 60 Pa; control the following actions: vibration system: piezoelectric film and magnetostriction work together, frequency 100 kHz, amplitude 120 μm; airflow system: dual air source linkage: high pressure tank (1.2 MPa) and air compressor work alternately, pulse frequency increased to 2 Hz, duration 10 s; translation mechanism speed increased to 50 mm / s, reciprocating number increased to 3 times.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell, characterized in that, The structure includes a mesh cover that is adapted to the shape and volume of the electrolytic cell. The mesh cover structure includes a support frame structure and a filter screen structure. The support frame structure is set outside the electrolytic cell space, and the filter screen structure is laid on the support frame structure to form a spatial filter structure outside the electrolytic cell. The filter structure includes a support mesh layer and a filter mesh layer, which are stacked together. The support mesh layer fixes the shape of the filter structure, and the filter mesh layer performs external filtration. The support mesh layer is a hexagonal structure that simulates a honeycomb. At least one support mesh layer covers the outside of the support frame, and a filter mesh layer is placed on the support mesh layer. It also includes an intelligent dynamic cleaning system, which includes cleaning action components for cleaning the mesh structure.

2. The novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mesh size of the filter layer is 8-12 mesh.

3. The novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting frame structure includes truss support columns and truss beams. The truss beams are erected on the top of the truss support columns. The distance between the truss support columns and the electrolytic cell is not less than 1m. The clear height of the truss beams supporting the electrolytic cell above the electrolytic cell is not less than 1m.

4. The novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning action component includes an ultrasonic vibration module that applies ultrasonic vibration to the filter structure, and the ultrasonic vibration removes impurities clogging the mesh. The ultrasonic vibration module is disposed between the support mesh layer and the filter mesh layer, and a piezoelectric film is attached to the filter mesh layer to form a matrix vibration unit through printed circuitry.

5. The novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning action component includes a magnetostrictive vibration system, with several magnetostrictive units arranged between the support frame structure and the filter screen structure; each magnetostrictive unit includes a magnetostrictive rod and a high-frequency excitation coil assembly, and the support frame structure has a mounting groove for installing the magnetostrictive unit, in which a cylindrical high-frequency excitation coil assembly is fixed, and the magnetostrictive rod is arranged inside the high-frequency excitation coil assembly.

6. The novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cleaning action component includes a pulse airflow backwash system, which includes a nozzle array and a dual air source power assembly. The dual air source power assembly includes a high-pressure air tank group that provides instantaneous high pressure and a screw air compressor that provides long-term purging. The nozzle array includes a nozzle frame, the shape of which matches the cross-sectional shape of the supporting frame structure. Several nozzle structures are evenly spaced on the side of the nozzle frame facing the filter structure. The nozzle structures are connected to the high-pressure air tank group and the screw air compressor arranged in parallel through electromagnetic reversing valves.

7. A novel external filtration device for an alkaline electrolytic cell according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning action component includes a translation drive mechanism, which drives the nozzle frame to translate axially along the support frame structure.

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